CN113786935B - System for trapping and screening large amount of nanoscale particles and generating nanoscale particles - Google Patents
System for trapping and screening large amount of nanoscale particles and generating nanoscale particles Download PDFInfo
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- CN113786935B CN113786935B CN202110917619.9A CN202110917619A CN113786935B CN 113786935 B CN113786935 B CN 113786935B CN 202110917619 A CN202110917619 A CN 202110917619A CN 113786935 B CN113786935 B CN 113786935B
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- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 36
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D7/00—Control of flow
- G05D7/06—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D7/0617—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
- B04C2009/002—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks with external filters
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
- Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a system for large-scale trapping, particle size screening and generating of nano-particles. The invention can realize the particle size screening and trapping of the outside air containing particles with different particle sizes through a cyclone separation system, a charge device and a high-voltage electric field, uniformly suspend the nano-particles with different particle sizes in a liquid storage bottle containing a special solvent for storage, also can generate high-speed airflow through a high-pressure air pump, and carry the liquid storage to a nozzle for high-speed ejection through a pressure reducing valve and a conveying pipeline by the liquid storage bottle containing the particles with different particle sizes, thereby conveying the aerosol with the required particle sizes and different flow rates and different concentrations to a target environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of occupational health, environmental management and emergency rescue, in particular to a system for trapping a large number of nano-scale particles, screening the particle size and generating the nano-scale particles.
Background
The particles in the ambient air are a general term of various solid and liquid particles existing in the atmosphere, the particle size of the particles ranges from 0.1 to 100 microns, and the particles are one of the most important pollutants in the air; the uniform dispersion of various particulate materials in air constitutes a relatively stable, bulky suspension, i.e., an aerosol system. Wherein because fine particles are easier to enter the human body, the detention time in the environment is longer, and the adsorbed heavy metal and toxic and harmful substances are more, therefore the harm to the human body is also larger. Numerous studies have shown that an increase in the concentration of inhalable particles is closely related to the morbidity and mortality of the disease, especially respiratory and cardiopulmonary diseases.
With the continuous and deep research of related prevention and control measures of inhalable particles and aerosol and the increasingly serious atmospheric pollution, the requirements on epidemic prevention, control and treatment are met, the requirements on experimental nano-particles are also continuously improved, the particle size and uniformity of the particles are required, the high efficiency and the stability are also required, and the trapping, screening and generation of the particles are required to reach higher levels.
Therefore, in view of the above problems, it is necessary to provide a system for capturing, screening and generating a large amount of nanoscale particles, so as to be used for the high-efficiency evaluation of the prevention and treatment measures of the aerosol of nanoscale inhalable particles and the physiological toxicological research of various treatments of inhalation medicaments, thereby providing scientific guidance for the treatment of nanoscale inhalable particles, the evaluation of individual protective equipment, the improvement of medicaments, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to provide a system for collecting, sieving and generating a large amount of nano-scale particles, so as to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a system for trapping a large amount of nano-particles, screening the nano-particles and generating the nano-particles comprises a large amount of nano-particle trapping mechanism, a charge mechanism, a particle size screening mechanism and a particle spraying mechanism;
the large-amount nanoparticle trapping mechanism comprises a cyclone separator and a negative pressure fan;
the charging mechanism comprises an air compressor, a high-efficiency filter, a closed mixing chamber and a corona probe;
the particle size screening mechanism comprises a high-voltage electric field, a plurality of ash buckets and a liquid storage bottle containing special solvents for particles with different particle sizes;
particulate matter eruption mechanism includes high-pressure air pump, conveyer pipe, relief pressure valve, flow control meter, master switch valve and nozzle, high-pressure air pump is used for producing high-pressure draught, the relief pressure valve is used for stepping down to suitable pressure in order to keep conveyer pipe pressure stable, flow control meter is used for monitoring, regulation and control flow to required aerosol flow.
Preferably, be provided with the conveying pipeline between high-voltage electric field and the airtight mixing chamber, inside positive plate and the negative plate of being provided with of high-voltage electric field, positive plate ground connection, the negative plate punches and is linked together with the ash bucket for collect different particle diameter granules, the inside of high-voltage electric field is provided with two baffles, two the opening has been seted up respectively to one side of baffle.
Preferably, a movable plate is arranged on one side of the partition plate, bristles are arranged on one side of the movable plate, the bristles are attached to the partition plate, a movable rod is arranged at the top end of the movable plate, and a positioning mechanism is arranged on one side of the partition plate.
Preferably, positioning mechanism includes the fixed plate, one side of fixed plate and one side fixed connection of baffle, the movable hole has been seted up on the top of fixed plate, the activity of movable rod alternates and sets up in the inside of movable hole, the outer thread groove has been seted up to the outer wall of movable rod, the inner thread groove has been seted up to the inner wall of movable hole, the outer wall in inner thread groove and the outer wall threaded connection in outer thread groove, the movable rod rotates to be connected in the top of movable plate.
Preferably, a return pipe is arranged between the closed mixing chamber and the tail end of the high-voltage electric field, a one-way valve is arranged in the return pipe, and the output end of the high-efficiency filter is communicated with the inside of the return pipe.
Preferably, a tee joint is arranged in the middle of the delivery pipe, the flow control meter is arranged between the tee joint and the liquid storage bottle, the main switch valve is arranged between the delivery pipe and the nozzle, and a communicating pipe is arranged between the nozzle and the liquid storage bottle.
Preferably, the bottom end of the liquid storage bottle is provided with a stirrer, and a stirring shaft of the stirrer is arranged at the bottom end inside the liquid storage bottle.
Preferably, the tip cover of nozzle is equipped with sealed lid, the fixed holding ring that has cup jointed of outer wall of nozzle, two jacks have been seted up to one side of holding ring, two inserted bars of one side fixedly connected with of sealed lid, the inserted bar activity interlude is connected in the inside of jack.
Preferably, the inner wall subsides of jack are equipped with the rubber sleeve, inserted bar activity interlude is connected in the inner wall of rubber sleeve, the outer wall of inserted bar is provided with the arch.
Preferably, the cyclone separator in the mechanism for trapping a large amount of nano-particles is a high-efficiency dynamic cyclone separator with a built-in high-rotating-speed centrifugal impeller, and the corona probe in the charging mechanism emits single-stage positive ions.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
(1) in the device for capturing the large amount of the nano-scale particles, the cyclone separator is a high-efficiency dynamic cyclone separator with a built-in high-rotating-speed centrifugal impeller, the separation efficiency of more than 1 micron is 99 percent, and the nano-scale particles can be effectively separated from the particles of more than 1 micron;
(2) the charging device of the invention uses an air compressor to generate high-speed airflow, the high-speed airflow is filtered by a high-efficiency filter to form high-speed clean jet flow, the high-speed clean jet flow is formed into single-stage positive ion jet flow after a corona probe releasing single-stage positive ions, and the single-stage positive ion jet flow is collided and mixed with the captured nano-scale particle flow in a closed mixing chamber, so that nano-scale particles with different particle diameters are charged, wherein the larger the particle diameter is, the larger the charge capacity is;
(3) in the invention, a high-voltage electric field is arranged in a particle size screening device to accurately screen particles with different particle sizes and respectively store the particles in corresponding liquid storage bottles, special solvents for the particles with different particle sizes are contained in the liquid storage bottles, and the bottom of each liquid storage bottle is connected with a stirrer, so that the screened particles are uniformly suspended in the solvents;
(4) the invention arranges a flow control meter in the particle spraying device to control the stored liquid flow containing uniformly suspended particles with specific particle diameters and a pressure reducing valve to control the air flow pressure, can spray and convey stable aerosol flows with different flow rates, different concentrations and different flow rates to a target environment, can be used for constructing an individual breathing protection equipment objective evaluation experiment system, and can also be used for atmospheric pollution environment treatment simulation and pharmacological toxicology research of aerosol inhalants.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the enlarged structure at a point a in fig. 1 according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the high voltage electric field structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of the moving plate according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the sealing cover of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the sealing cap of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the enlarged structure at the position B of fig. 6 according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a cyclone separator; 2. a negative pressure fan; 3. sealing the mixing chamber; 4. a corona probe; 5. an air compressor; 6. a high efficiency filter; 7. a one-way valve; 8. a high voltage electric field; 9. an ash hopper; 10. a liquid storage bottle; 11. a flow control meter; 12. a tee joint; 13. a stirrer; 14. a high pressure air pump; 15. a pressure reducing valve; 16. a main on-off valve; 17. a nozzle; 18. a delivery pipe; 19. a return pipe; 20. a partition plate; 21. moving the plate; 22. brushing; 23. a movable rod; 24. a communicating pipe; 25. a fixing plate; 26. a movable hole; 27. an internal thread groove; 28. an outer thread groove; 29. a delivery pipe; 30. a sealing cover; 31. a positioning ring; 32. inserting a rod; 33. a jack; 34. a rubber sleeve; 35. and (4) protruding.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a system for large-scale trapping, particle size screening and generating of nano-particles, which is shown in figures 1-7 and comprises a large-scale trapping mechanism of nano-particles, a charging mechanism, a particle size screening mechanism and a particle spraying mechanism;
the large-amount nanoparticle trapping mechanism comprises a cyclone separator 1 and a negative pressure fan 2, wherein the cyclone separator 1 in the large-amount nanoparticle trapping mechanism is a high-efficiency dynamic cyclone separator with a built-in high-rotating-speed centrifugal impeller, so that micron-sized particles can be effectively separated from nano-sized particles, and the particle size of the particles entering the system is controlled to be in a nano level;
the charge mechanism comprises an air compressor 5, a high-efficiency filter 6, a closed mixing chamber 3 and a corona probe 4, wherein the corona probe 4 in the charge mechanism emits single-stage positive ions, the air compressor 5 generates high-speed airflow which is filtered by the high-efficiency filter 6 to become high-speed clean jet flow, the high-speed clean jet flow passes through the corona probe 4 which releases the single-stage positive ions to become single-stage positive ion jet flow, and the single-stage positive ion jet flow is collided and mixed with the captured nano-particle flow in the closed mixing chamber 3 to ensure that each particle size of nano-particles is positively charged, the larger the particle size is, the higher the charge is, and the formed positively charged nano-particles flow through a material conveying pipe 18 and enter a high-voltage electric field 8;
the particle size screening mechanism comprises a high-voltage electric field 8, a plurality of ash buckets 9 and a liquid storage bottle 10 containing special solvents for particles with different particle sizes, a material conveying pipe 18 is arranged between the high-voltage electric field 8 and the closed mixing chamber 3, a positive plate and a negative plate are arranged inside the high-voltage electric field 8, the positive plate is grounded, the negative plate is perforated and communicated with the ash buckets 9 and used for collecting particles with different particle sizes, two partition plates 20 are arranged inside the high-voltage electric field 8, circulation holes are respectively formed in one sides of the two partition plates 20, the particles with non-charged quantity can penetrate through the circulation holes with different pore sizes and enter the ash buckets 9 through the holes formed in the negative plate, and the particles entering the ash buckets 9 can enter the liquid storage bottle 10 and contact with the solvents in the liquid storage bottle 10 for storage;
a movable plate 21 is arranged on one side of the partition plate 20, bristles 22 are arranged on one side of the movable plate 21, the bristles 22 are attached to the partition plate 20, a movable rod 23 is arranged at the top end of the movable plate 21, a positioning mechanism is arranged on one side of the partition plate 20, and after the system works, the movable plate 21 moves to drive the bristles 22 to move, so that some particles clamped in the circulation holes are removed, and the influence on the next use of the system is avoided;
the positioning mechanism comprises a fixed plate 25, one side of the fixed plate 25 is fixedly connected with one side of the partition plate 20, a movable hole 26 is formed in the top end of the fixed plate 25, the movable rod 23 is movably inserted into the movable hole 26, an outer thread groove 28 is formed in the outer wall of the movable rod 23, an inner thread groove 27 is formed in the inner wall of the movable hole 26, the outer wall of the inner thread groove 27 is in threaded connection with the outer wall of the outer thread groove 28, the movable rod 23 is rotatably connected to the top end of the movable plate 21, only one part of the outer wall of the movable rod 23 is provided with the outer thread groove 28, and under the matching of the outer thread groove 28 and the inner thread groove 27, the movable rod 23 is positioned, so that the movable plate 21 is positioned without affecting the use of the high-voltage electric field 8;
a return pipe 19 is arranged between the closed mixing chamber 3 and the tail end of the high-voltage electric field 8, a one-way valve 7 is arranged inside the return pipe 19, the output end of the high-efficiency filter 6 is communicated with the inside of the return pipe 19, part of the high-speed clean jet flow entering the closed mixing chamber 3 directly enters the high-voltage electric field 8, penetrates through the high-voltage electric field 8, enters the return pipe 19, and circulates to the closed mixing chamber 3 again through the one-way valve 7 for use;
the particle spraying mechanism comprises a high-pressure air pump 14, a delivery pipe 29, a pressure reducing valve 15, a flow control meter 11, a main switch valve 16 and a nozzle 17, wherein the high-pressure air pump 14 is used for generating high-pressure air flow, the pressure reducing valve 15 is used for reducing the pressure to a proper pressure to keep the pressure in the delivery pipe 29 stable, the flow control meter 11 is used for monitoring and regulating the flow to the required aerosol flow, the high-pressure air pump 14 generates high-speed air flow, particles with different particle sizes in different liquid storage bottles 10 are sprayed out through the delivery pipe 29 and the pressure reducing valve 15 for use, and the flow and the concentration of particle flow can be regulated by regulating the flow control meter 11 and the pressure reducing valve 15, so that stable nanoscale particle flows with different flow rates, different concentrations and different particle sizes can be sprayed and delivered in a target environment;
the middle part of the delivery pipe 29 is provided with a tee joint 12, a flow control meter 11 is arranged between the tee joint 12 and the liquid storage bottle 10, a main switch valve 16 is arranged between the delivery pipe 29 and a nozzle 17, a communicating pipe 24 is arranged between the nozzle 17 and the liquid storage bottle 10, and the communicating pipe 24 can lead the particle flow which is not sprayed out from the nozzle 17 to flow back to the liquid storage bottle 10, thus avoiding waste;
the bottom end of the liquid storage bottle 10 is provided with the stirrer 13, the stirring shaft of the stirrer 13 is arranged at the bottom end inside the liquid storage bottle 10, and the stirrer 13 can enable the particles to be evenly suspended in the solution in the liquid storage bottle 10 after the particles are processed in the liquid storage bottle 10;
the end part of the nozzle 17 is sleeved with a sealing cover 30, the nozzle 17 is protected at the nozzle position when not used through the sealing cover 30, dust is prevented from being accumulated at the nozzle position to influence the use of the next nozzle 17, the outer wall of the nozzle 17 is fixedly sleeved with a positioning ring 31, one side of the positioning ring 31 is provided with two insertion holes 33, one side of the sealing cover 30 is fixedly connected with two insertion rods 32, the insertion rods 32 are movably inserted into the insertion holes 33, and the insertion rods 32 are inserted into the insertion holes 33 to position the sealing cover 30;
the inner wall subsides of jack 33 are equipped with rubber sleeve 34, and inserted bar 32 activity interlude connects in the inner wall of rubber sleeve 34, and the outer wall of inserted bar 32 is provided with protruding 35, and in protruding 35 inserted rubber sleeve 34 along with inserted bar 32, protruding 35 can extrude rubber sleeve 34 for rubber sleeve 34 warp, thereby inserted bar 32 when not receiving other external forces, can not automatic and rubber sleeve 34 separation, has improved the stability that sealed lid 30 used.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
a cyclone separator 1 is used for trapping a large amount of particulate matters on the site of industrial dust, the particulate matters are blown into a closed mixing chamber 3 under the action of a negative pressure fan 2, an air compressor 5 works simultaneously, the air compressor 5 generates high-speed airflow, the high-speed airflow is filtered by a high-efficiency filter 6 to form high-speed clean jet flow, when the high-speed clean jet flow contacts a corona probe 4, the corona probe 4 releases single-stage positive ions, the high-speed clean jet flow is changed into single-stage positive ion jet flow, the single-stage positive ion jet flow collides and mixes with the trapped nano-scale particle flow in the closed mixing chamber 3, so that nano-scale particles with different particle diameters are charged, after the charged nano-scale particles enter a high-voltage electric field 8 through a conveying pipe 18, as the electric charge of the nano-particles with larger particle diameters is larger, the electrostatic attraction of a negative plate in the high-voltage electric field 8 is also larger, and the particles enter an ash hopper 9 through holes formed in the negative plate, and then the particles with different particle sizes are put into different liquid storage bottles 10, the stirrer 13 at the bottom end of the liquid storage bottle 10 works to enable the particles to be evenly suspended in the solvent in the liquid storage bottle 10, when the particles need to be used, the high-pressure air pump 14 works to enable the solution in the liquid storage bottle 10 to enter the delivery pipe 29 through the flow control meter 11 and the tee joint 12, and the solution flows to the main switch valve 16 from the delivery pipe 29 and enters the nozzle 17 and is sprayed out through the nozzle 17 for use.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A system for large-scale trapping of nano-particles, particle size screening and generation is characterized by comprising a large-scale trapping mechanism of nano-particles, a charge mechanism, a particle size screening mechanism and a particle spraying mechanism;
the large-amount nanoparticle trapping mechanism comprises a cyclone separator (1) and a negative pressure fan (2);
the charging mechanism comprises an air compressor (5), a high-efficiency filter (6), a closed mixing chamber (3) and a corona probe (4);
the particle size screening mechanism comprises a high-voltage electric field (8), a plurality of ash buckets (9) and a liquid storage bottle (10) containing special solvents for particles with different particle sizes, wherein a stirrer (13) is arranged at the bottom end of the liquid storage bottle (10), and a stirring shaft of the stirrer (13) is arranged at the bottom end inside the liquid storage bottle (10);
particulate matter eruption mechanism includes high pressure air pump (14), conveyer pipe (29), relief pressure valve (15), flow control meter (11), master switch valve (16) and nozzle (17), high pressure air pump (14) are used for producing high-pressure draught, relief pressure valve (15) are used for stepping down to suitable pressure in order to keep conveyer pipe (29) pressure stable, flow control meter (11) are used for monitoring, regulation and control flow to required aerosol flow.
2. The system for large amount of nano-scale particles collection, particle size screening and generation as claimed in claim 1, wherein a material conveying pipe (18) is arranged between the high voltage electric field (8) and the closed mixing chamber (3), a positive plate and a negative plate are arranged inside the high voltage electric field (8), the positive plate is grounded, the negative plate is perforated and communicated with an ash bucket (9) for collecting particles with different particle sizes, two partition plates (20) are arranged inside the high voltage electric field (8), and one side of each partition plate (20) is provided with a through hole.
3. The system for large amount of nanometer-scale particles collection, particle size separation and generation as claimed in claim 2, wherein a moving plate (21) is disposed on one side of the partition plate (20), bristles (22) are disposed on one side of the moving plate (21), the bristles (22) are attached to the partition plate (20), a movable rod (23) is disposed at the top end of the moving plate (21), and a positioning mechanism is disposed on one side of the partition plate (20).
4. The system for large amount of trapping, particle size screening and generating of nano-scale particles according to claim 3, wherein the positioning mechanism comprises a fixing plate (25), one side of the fixing plate (25) is fixedly connected with one side of the partition plate (20), a movable hole (26) is formed in the top end of the fixing plate (25), the movable rod (23) is movably inserted into the movable hole (26), an external thread groove (28) is formed in the outer wall of the movable rod (23), an internal thread groove (27) is formed in the inner wall of the movable hole (26), the outer wall of the internal thread groove (27) is in threaded connection with the outer wall of the external thread groove (28), and the movable rod (23) is rotatably connected to the top end of the movable plate (21).
5. The system for large amount of nano-scale particles collection, particle size separation and generation as claimed in claim 1, wherein a return pipe (19) is arranged between the closed mixing chamber (3) and the end of the high voltage electric field (8), a one-way valve (7) is arranged inside the return pipe (19), and the output end of the high efficiency filter (6) is communicated with the inside of the return pipe (19).
6. The system for mass trapping, particle size screening and generation of nano-scale particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein a tee (12) is provided at the center of said delivery tube (29), said flow rate controller (11) is provided between the tee (12) and the liquid storage bottle (10), said master on-off valve (16) is provided between the delivery tube (29) and the nozzle (17), and a communicating tube (24) is provided between the nozzle (17) and the liquid storage bottle (10).
7. The system for large amount of trapping of nano-scale particles, screening and generating of particle size as claimed in claim 1, wherein the end of the nozzle (17) is sleeved with a sealing cover (30), the outer wall of the nozzle (17) is fixedly sleeved with a positioning ring (31), one side of the positioning ring (31) is opened with two insertion holes (33), one side of the sealing cover (30) is fixedly connected with two insertion rods (32), and the insertion rods (32) are movably inserted and connected inside the insertion holes (33).
8. The system for large amount of trapping, particle size screening and generating of nano-scale particles as claimed in claim 7, wherein the inner wall of the insertion hole (33) is adhered with a rubber sleeve (34), the insertion rod (32) is movably inserted and connected to the inner wall of the rubber sleeve (34), and the outer wall of the insertion rod (32) is provided with a protrusion (35).
9. The system for large amount of nano-scale particles collection, particle size separation and generation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cyclone separator (1) in the large amount of nano-scale particles collection mechanism is a high-efficiency dynamic cyclone separator with a built-in high-speed centrifugal impeller, and the corona probe (4) in the charging mechanism emits single-stage positive ions.
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| CN202110917619.9A CN113786935B (en) | 2021-08-11 | 2021-08-11 | System for trapping and screening large amount of nanoscale particles and generating nanoscale particles |
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| GB0329767D0 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2004-01-28 | Amess Colin L | Electrostatic air filter |
| CN201192617Y (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2009-02-11 | 南京理工大学 | High-efficiency trapping apparatus of micronano dust |
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