CN113782770B - Fuel cell of fuel cell automobile - Google Patents
Fuel cell of fuel cell automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN113782770B CN113782770B CN202110880191.5A CN202110880191A CN113782770B CN 113782770 B CN113782770 B CN 113782770B CN 202110880191 A CN202110880191 A CN 202110880191A CN 113782770 B CN113782770 B CN 113782770B
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- fuel cell
- cooling structure
- fans
- pipe
- cell body
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell of a fuel cell automobile, which comprises a fuel cell body, wherein a water cooling structure is arranged on the fuel cell body, an air cooling structure is arranged on the water cooling structure, and a control structure is arranged on the water cooling structure; the invention has the beneficial effects that the cooling structure is provided, two rectangular pipes are adopted in the cooling structure for independently circulating cooling liquid, the two rectangular pipes are assembled and horizontally paved on the upper wall surface of the fuel cell, the contact area between the cooling liquid and the fuel cell is enlarged, the cooling liquid directly flows through the surface of the fuel cell, the heat dissipation effect is ensured, the heat dissipation efficiency is improved, the air cooling structure and the control structure are also provided, one fan speed regulating signal is used for controlling a plurality of heat dissipation fans, the accurate control of the temperature of the cooling liquid of the fuel cell is realized, the hardware resource occupation amount of the speed regulating signal is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the performance and the economic efficiency of the fuel cell are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell of a fuel cell automobile.
Background
In the fuel cell, the thermal management of the fuel cell is related to the energy conversion efficiency, the membrane electrode of the core component of the fuel cell stack is sensitive to the temperature, and the performance of the stack is influenced by the excessively high temperature or the excessively low temperature, so that the fuel cell can fully exert the performance by accurately controlling the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing into the stack. The fuel cell heat management system of the fuel cell automobile mainly comprises a power supply module, a radiator and a radiator fan speed regulation control system.
The power supply module provides energy sources for the whole fuel cell thermal management system, the radiator mainly comprises a radiating row and a radiating fan, the cooling liquid flows through the radiating row, the radiating fan rotates to enable air to flow through the radiating row to discharge cooling liquid heat in the radiating row so as to cool the cooling liquid, and the fan speed regulation system receives the temperature of the fuel cell and adjusts the rotating speed of the radiating fan, so that the temperature control of the cooling liquid of the fuel cell is realized. When the fuel cell thermal management system of the fuel cell automobile is designed, the design of the radiator can ensure that the fuel cell automobile normally works at extremely high temperature due to the fact that the factors such as extremely severe heat of the automobile and the reduction of the efficiency of the fuel cell are considered, and the design of the radiator can ensure that the heat dissipation system has larger redundant power, excessive heat dissipation can be caused when the automobile works in a cold environment (although the heat dissipation fan can regulate the speed, the heat dissipation fan has the lowest basic rotating speed), and the temperature of the fuel cell cooling liquid can generate larger fluctuation even under the lowest heat dissipation capacity.
To solve this problem, it is conventional to add a radiator fan speed control signal, for example, 6 fans for a certain fuel cell vehicle radiator, each of the 6 fans being connected to a separate speed control signal for temperature control. However, the method occupies high hardware resources of the speed regulation signal of the fan speed regulation control system, and a controller needs to be customized and developed, so that the cost is increased. In addition, the flow track of the cooling liquid of the existing fuel cell in the fuel cell is serpentine, so that the heat dissipation effect is affected, and the heat dissipation efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and designs a fuel cell of a fuel cell automobile, which solves the problems in the background technology.
The technical scheme of the invention for achieving the purpose is as follows: the fuel cell of the fuel cell automobile comprises a fuel cell body, wherein a water cooling structure is arranged on the fuel cell body, an air cooling structure is arranged on the water cooling structure, and a control structure is arranged on the water cooling structure;
the water cooling structure comprises two internal cooling liquid pipes, two first electromagnetic valves, a first three-way connecting pipe, a cooling liquid circulating pump, a feeding pipe, a radiator, a feeding pipe, a second three-way connecting pipe, two second electromagnetic valves and a pressing part;
two inside coolant liquid pipe are installed in fuel cell body upper wall, and two inside coolant liquid pipes are hollow rectangular structure, and two inside coolant liquid pipe lateral wall all are equipped with the arch, two first solenoid valve install in two inside coolant liquid pipe one end, first tee bend connecting pipe install in two first solenoid valve one end, the coolant liquid circulating pump is installed in first tee bend connecting pipe one end, send into the pipe and install in the coolant liquid circulating pump other end, the second tee bend connecting pipe is installed in send into pipe one end, two the second solenoid valve is installed in second tee bend connecting pipe one end, two the second solenoid valve other end is installed in two inside coolant liquid pipe other end, the pressfitting portion is installed on fuel cell body.
In some embodiments of the inventive arrangements, the nip includes: the device comprises a box cover, a plurality of air cylinders and a plurality of plugs;
the fuel cell comprises a fuel cell body, a plurality of air cylinders, a plurality of top heads, a plurality of cover plates, a plurality of mounting assemblies, a plurality of cover plates and a plurality of cover plates.
In some embodiments of the inventive arrangements, the mounting assembly comprises: the device comprises two first flanges, two second flanges, a plurality of fixing bolts and a plurality of fixing nuts;
the two first flanges are symmetrically arranged on the side wall surface of the fuel cell body, the two second flanges are symmetrically arranged on the side wall surface of the case cover, the plurality of fixing bolts are movably inserted on the two first flanges and the two second flanges, and the plurality of fixing nuts are sleeved on the plurality of fixing bolts.
In some embodiments of the inventive arrangements, the air-cooled structure comprises: a mounting rack and a plurality of fans;
the mounting frame is arranged on the radiator, and the fans are equidistantly arranged on the mounting frame.
In some embodiments of the inventive arrangements, the control structure comprises: the fan speed regulation device comprises a mounting cover, a plurality of normally closed relays, a fan speed regulation controller, a thermal management controller and a first temperature sensor;
the installation cover is installed on the radiator, a plurality of normally closed relays are installed on the inner side wall surface of the installation cover, the fan speed regulation controller is installed on the outer side wall surface of the installation cover, the thermal management controller is installed on the outer side wall surface of the installation cover, and the first temperature sensor is installed on the outer side wall surface of the installation cover.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the upper wall of both of the internal coolant tubes is provided with a second temperature sensor.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a plurality of the fans are provided with a shroud, and the plurality of the shrouds are all of a mesh structure.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of the mounting covers are net-shaped structures.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the number of the fans is specifically 5-6.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the number of the normally closed relays is specifically 4-5, and the switches are arranged on the normally closed relays.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the thermal management controller calculates the estimated number N0 of fans to be operated from the fans connected with the normally closed relay according to the formula (1):
N0＝(a×Te+b)÷c× Nf…………………………………………(1),
wherein Te is the current ambient temperature; a is a correction coefficient, and takes a value in 1 to 5; b is a corrected temperature and takes a value in the range of 0 to 100; c is a calibration temperature, and the value is 100; nf is the number of fans connected with the normally closed relay.
The fuel cell of the fuel cell automobile manufactured by the technical scheme of the invention is provided with the water cooling structure, two rectangular pipes are adopted in the water cooling structure for independently circulating cooling liquid, the two rectangular pipes are assembled and tiled on the upper wall surface of the fuel cell, the contact area between the cooling liquid and the fuel cell is enlarged, the cooling liquid directly flows through the surface of the fuel cell, the heat dissipation effect is ensured, the heat dissipation efficiency is improved, the air cooling structure and the control structure are also provided, one fan speed regulation signal is used for controlling a plurality of heat dissipation fans, the accurate control of the temperature of the cooling liquid of the fuel cell is realized, the hardware resource occupation quantity of the speed regulation signal is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the performance and the economic efficiency of the fuel cell are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic top sectional view of a fuel cell vehicle according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic partial front view of a water cooling structure of a fuel cell vehicle according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic side sectional view of a water cooling structure of a fuel cell vehicle according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing a partially enlarged structure of a fuel cell of the fuel cell vehicle of fig. 1 according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell frame of a fuel cell vehicle according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a fuel cell body; 2. an internal coolant tube; 3. a first electromagnetic valve; 4. A first three-way connecting pipe; 5. a cooling liquid circulation pump; 6. a feed pipe; 7. a heat sink; 8. A delivery tube; 9. a second three-way connecting pipe; 10. a second electromagnetic valve;
11. a case cover; 12. a cylinder; 13. a plug; 14. a first flanging; 15. a second flanging; 16. a fixing bolt; 17. a fixing nut; 18. a mounting frame; 19. a fan;
20. a mounting cover; 21. a normally closed relay; 22. a fan speed regulation controller; 23. a thermal management controller; 24. a first temperature sensor; 25. a second temperature sensor; 26. a shield; 27. and (3) a switch.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the first and second are only used for distinguishing technical features, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of technical features indicated or the precedence of the technical features indicated. A number refers to more than one.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, mounting, connection, assembly, cooperation, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical solution.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, in some embodiments, a fuel cell of a fuel cell vehicle of the present invention includes a fuel cell body 1, a water cooling structure is disposed on the fuel cell body 1, an air cooling structure is disposed on the water cooling structure, and a control structure is disposed on the water cooling structure;
the water cooling structure comprises two internal cooling liquid pipes 2, two first electromagnetic valves 3, a first three-way connecting pipe 4, a cooling liquid circulating pump 5, a feeding pipe 6, a radiator 7, a feeding pipe 8, a second three-way connecting pipe 9, two second electromagnetic valves 10 and a pressing part.
Two internal cooling liquid pipes 2 are installed on the upper wall surface of the fuel cell body 1, the two internal cooling liquid pipes 2 are of hollow rectangular structures, protrusions are arranged on the side wall surfaces of the two internal cooling liquid pipes 2, two first electromagnetic valves 3 are installed at one ends of the two internal cooling liquid pipes 2, a first three-way connecting pipe 4 is installed at one end of the two first electromagnetic valves 3, a cooling liquid circulating pump 5 is installed at one end of the first three-way connecting pipe 4, a feeding pipe 6 is installed at the other end of the cooling liquid circulating pump 5, a second three-way connecting pipe 9 is installed at one end of the feeding pipe 6, two second electromagnetic valves 10 are installed at one end of the second three-way connecting pipe 9, the other ends of the two second electromagnetic valves 10 are installed at the other ends of the two internal cooling liquid pipes 2, and a pressing part is installed on the fuel cell body 1.
The press-fit portion includes: a case cover 11, a plurality of cylinders 12, and a plurality of plugs 13; the case lid 11 is installed in fuel cell body 1 opening part, and a plurality of cylinder 12 equidistance is installed on case lid 11 inboard top surface, and a plurality of top 13 are installed in the flexible end of a plurality of cylinder 12, and case lid 11 passes through the installation component and installs on fuel cell body 1.
The mounting assembly includes: two first flanges 14, two second flanges 15, a plurality of fixing bolts 16 and a plurality of fixing nuts 17; the two first flanges 14 are symmetrically arranged on the side wall surface of the fuel cell body 1, the two second flanges 15 are symmetrically arranged on the side wall surface of the case cover 11, the plurality of fixing bolts 16 are movably inserted on the two first flanges 14 and the two second flanges 15, and the plurality of fixing nuts 17 are sleeved on the plurality of fixing bolts 16.
The air cooling structure includes: a mounting frame 18 and a plurality of fans 19; the mounting frame 18 is mounted on the radiator 7, and a plurality of fans 19 are equidistantly mounted on the mounting frame 18.
The control structure comprises: the installation cover 20, a plurality of normally closed relays 21, a fan 19 speed regulation controller, a thermal management controller 23 and a first temperature sensor 24; the installation cover 20 is installed on the radiator 7, the normally closed relays 21 are installed on the inner side wall surface of the installation cover 20, the fan 19 speed regulation controller is installed on the outer side wall surface of the installation cover 20, the thermal management controller 23 is installed on the outer side wall surface of the installation cover 20, and the first temperature sensor 24 is installed on the outer side wall surface of the installation cover 20; the upper wall surfaces of the two internal cooling liquid pipes 2 are provided with second temperature sensors 25; the fans 19 are provided with shields 26, and the shields 26 are of a net structure; the plurality of mounting covers 20 are all of a net structure; the number of the fans 19 is specifically 5-6; the number of the normally-closed relays 21 is specifically 4-5, and the switches 27 are arranged on the normally-closed relays 21.
All electric components in the scheme are connected with an adaptive power supply through wires by a person skilled in the art, and an appropriate controller is selected according to actual conditions so as to meet control requirements, specific connection and control sequences, and the electric connection is completed by referring to the following working principles in the working sequence among the electric components, wherein the detailed connection means are known in the art, and the following main description of the working principles and processes is omitted from the description of electric control.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, a fuel cell of a fuel cell vehicle includes a fuel cell body 1, a water cooling structure is disposed on the fuel cell body 1, an air cooling structure is disposed on the water cooling structure, and a control structure is disposed on the water cooling structure;
the following are to be described: the water cooling structure is used for radiating the fuel cell body 1, the air cooling structure is used for cooling the cooling liquid in the water cooling structure, the control structure is used for controlling the air cooling structure, thereby realizing the accurate control of the temperature of the cooling liquid of the fuel cell, the fuel cell body 1 is formed by connecting a plurality of fuel single cells in series, the fuel single cells comprise a proton exchange membrane, one surface of the proton exchange membrane is coated with a cathode catalyst layer, the other surface of the proton exchange membrane is coated with an anode catalyst layer, and the outward facing surfaces of the cathode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer are provided with gas diffusion layers.
In the specific implementation process, the water cooling structure may preferably adopt the following structure, which includes: two internal coolant pipes 2, two first electromagnetic valves 3, a first three-way connecting pipe 4, a coolant circulating pump 5, a feed pipe 6, a radiator 7, a feed pipe 8, a second three-way connecting pipe 9, two second electromagnetic valves 10, and a pressing part; two internal cooling liquid pipes 2 are installed on the upper wall surface of the fuel cell body 1, the two internal cooling liquid pipes 2 are of hollow rectangular structures, protrusions are arranged on the side wall surfaces of the two internal cooling liquid pipes 2, two first electromagnetic valves 3 are installed at one ends of the two internal cooling liquid pipes 2, a first three-way connecting pipe 4 is installed at one end of the two first electromagnetic valves 3, a cooling liquid circulating pump 5 is installed at one end of the first three-way connecting pipe 4, a feeding pipe 6 is installed at the other end of the cooling liquid circulating pump 5, a second three-way connecting pipe 9 is installed at one end of the feeding pipe 6, two second electromagnetic valves 10 are installed at one end of the second three-way connecting pipe 9, the other ends of the two second electromagnetic valves 10 are installed at the other ends of the two internal cooling liquid pipes 2, and a pressing part is installed on the fuel cell body 1.
The following description is needed: the cooling liquid circulating pump 5 pumps cooling liquid into the two internal cooling liquid pipes 2 through the feeding pipe 6, the first three-way connecting pipe 4 and the two first electromagnetic valves 3, the two rectangular pipes are assembled and tiled on the upper wall surface of the fuel cell, the contact area between the cooling liquid and the fuel cell is enlarged, the cooling liquid directly flows through the surface of the fuel cell, the heat dissipation effect is guaranteed, the heat dissipation efficiency is improved, the protrusions on the side wall surfaces of the two internal cooling liquid pipes 2 are used for limiting when being installed, the two internal cooling liquid pipes 2 are clamped with each other, the cooling liquid absorbing heat flows into the radiator 7 through the two second electromagnetic valves 10, the second three-way connecting pipe 9 and the feeding pipe 6 for heat dissipation, the cooling liquid with reduced temperature is pumped into the fuel cell body 1 again through the cooling liquid circulating pump 5, in some embodiments, the upper wall surfaces of the two internal cooling liquid pipes 2 are provided with the second temperature sensors 25, when the temperature values detected by the second temperature sensors 25 have difference values, the internal cooling liquid pipes 2 with high logarithmic values are maintained, the first electromagnetic valves 3 and the second electromagnetic valves 10 at the end parts of the internal cooling liquid pipes 2 with low numerical values are closed, the power supply end parts of the internal cooling liquid pipes 2 are not required to be connected with the power supply end of the storage battery 7, and the power supply end of the radiator 7 is not required to be connected with the power supply end of the radiator 7, and the power supply end of the radiator is avoided;
in a specific implementation, the pressing portion may preferably adopt the following structure, which includes: a case cover 11, a plurality of cylinders 12, and a plurality of plugs 13; the box cover 11 is arranged at the opening of the fuel cell body 1, the plurality of air cylinders 12 are equidistantly arranged on the top surface of the inner side of the box cover 11, the plurality of jacks 13 are arranged at the telescopic ends of the plurality of air cylinders 12, and the box cover 11 is arranged on the fuel cell body 1 through the mounting assembly;
the following are to be described: the tank cover 11 is buckled at the opening of the fuel cell body 1, the plurality of air cylinders 12 extend until the plurality of plugs 13 press the two internal cooling liquid pipes 2, so that the two internal cooling liquid pipes 2 are tightly attached to the fuel cell body 1;
in a specific implementation, the mounting assembly may preferably adopt the following structure, which includes: two first flanges 14, two second flanges 15, a plurality of fixing bolts 16 and a plurality of fixing nuts 17; the two first flanges 14 are symmetrically arranged on the side wall surface of the fuel cell body 1, the two second flanges 15 are symmetrically arranged on the side wall surface of the case cover 11, a plurality of fixing bolts 16 are movably inserted on the two first flanges 14 and the two second flanges 15, and a plurality of fixing nuts 17 are sleeved on the plurality of fixing bolts 16;
the following are to be described: the fuel cell body 1 is fixedly connected with the case cover 11 through a plurality of fixing bolts 16 and a plurality of fixing nuts 17, and two first flanges 14 and two second flanges 15 are used for installing the plurality of fixing bolts 16;
in a specific implementation process, the air cooling structure may preferably adopt the following structure, which includes: a mounting frame 18 and a plurality of fans 19; the mounting frame 18 is arranged on the radiator 7, and the fans 19 are equidistantly arranged on the mounting frame 18;
the following are to be described: the mounting frame 18 is used for mounting a plurality of fans 19, the fans 19 work to enable air to flow, heat on the radiator 7 is taken away, the cooling function is realized, and preferably, the fans 19 are provided with shields 26, and the shields 26 are of net structures and are used for protecting the fans 19;
in a specific implementation, the control structure may preferably adopt the following structure, which includes: the installation cover 20, a plurality of normally closed relays 21, a fan 19 speed regulation controller, a thermal management controller 23 and a first temperature sensor 24; the installation cover 20 is installed on the radiator 7, the normally closed relays 21 are installed on the inner side wall surface of the installation cover 20, the fan 19 speed regulation controller is installed on the outer side wall surface of the installation cover 20, the thermal management controller 23 is installed on the outer side wall surface of the installation cover 20, the first temperature sensor 24 is installed on the outer side wall surface of the installation cover 20, and preferably, the installation covers 20 are all net structures for ventilation;
the following are to be described: the PWM duty ratio signal input pins of one fan 19 in the plurality of fans 19 are directly connected with the PWM duty ratio signal output pins of the fan 19 speed regulation controller, the PWM duty ratio signal input pins of the other fans 19 in the plurality of fans 19 are respectively connected with the PWM duty ratio signal output pins of the fan 19 speed regulation controller through normally closed relays 21, each normally closed relay 21 is respectively connected with a thermal management controller 23 in a signal manner, the thermal management controller 23 determines the final number of fans 19 which need to work in the fan 19 connected with the normally closed relay 21 according to the ambient temperature, and controls the on-off of the corresponding normally closed relay 21 through the signal, preferably, the normally closed relays 21 are all provided with switches 27 for controlling the working state of the normally closed relay 21, the ambient temperature is sensed and measured through a first temperature sensor 24, and the fan 19 speed regulation controller controls the rotating speed of each fan 19 according to the heat dissipation requirement of the fuel cell body 1;
the thermal management controller 23 calculates the estimated number N0 of fans 19 to be operated from among the fans 19 to which the normally closed relay 21 is connected according to the formula (1):
N0＝(a×Te+b)÷c× Nf………………………………………………(1),
wherein Te is the current ambient temperature; a is a correction coefficient, and takes a value in 1 to 5; b is a corrected temperature and takes a value in the range of 0 to 100; c is a calibration temperature, and the value is 100; nf is the number of fans 19 to which the normally closed relay 21 is connected;
if N0 is less than 0, the final number N1 of fans 19 to be operated in the fans 19 connected with the normally closed relay 21 is 0; if N0 is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to Nf, rounding N0 to obtain the final number N1 of fans 19 which are connected with the normally closed relay 21 and need to work; if N0 > Nf, the final number N1 of fans 19 to be operated among the fans 19 connected with the normally closed relay 21 takes on Nf;
after the final number N1 of fans 19 which are connected with the normally closed relays 21 and need to work the fans 19 is determined, the thermal management controller 23 controls the Nf-N1 normally closed relays 21 to be disconnected through signals, and the fan 19 speed regulation controller controls the rotating speeds of the N1+1 fans 19 according to the heat dissipation requirement of the fuel cell body 1;
in some embodiments, the number of the fans 19 is specifically 5-6; the number of the normally closed relays 21 is specifically 4-5;
when the number of fans 19 is 5, and the number of fans 19 connected with the normally closed relay 21 is 4, nf is 4, and the final value of the correction coefficient a in the formula (1) is determined to be 2 and the final value of the correction temperature b is determined to be 20 through two real vehicle tests at 0 ℃ and 25 ℃. If the temperature sensor senses that the ambient temperature is 10 ℃, N0 is 1.6 according to the formula (1), N0 is rounded to N1 to N2, then the thermal management controller 23 controls the 2 normally closed relays 21 to be disconnected through signals, the fan 19 speed regulation controller controls the rotating speeds of 3 fans 19 according to the heat dissipation requirement of the fuel cell body 1, and the 3 fans 19 comprise 1 fan 19 directly connected with the fan 19 speed regulation controller and 2 fans 19 connected with the normally closed relays 21; if the temperature sensor senses that the ambient temperature is minus 20 ℃, N0 is minus 0.8 according to the formula (1), the value of N1 is 0, then the thermal management controller 23 controls the 4 normally closed relays 21 to be disconnected through signals, and the fan 19 speed regulation controller controls the rotating speed of 1 fan 19 according to the heat dissipation requirement of the fuel cell body 1, namely the rotating speed of the fan 19 directly connected with the fan 19 speed regulation controller;
when there are 6 fans 19, 5 fans 19 connected to the normally closed relay 21, that is, nf is 5, and the correction coefficient a in the formula (1) is finally taken as 2, and the correction temperature b is finally taken as 20 under the same type of fuel cell body 1. If the first temperature sensor 24 senses that the ambient temperature is 15 ℃, N0 is 2.5 according to the formula (1), N1 is 3 by rounding N0, then the thermal management controller 23 controls the 1 normally closed relays 21 to be turned off through signals, the fan 19 speed regulation controller controls the rotation speeds of 4 fans 19 in the radiator 7 according to the heat dissipation requirement of the fuel cell body 1, and the 4 fans 19 comprise 1 fan 19 directly connected with the fan 19 speed regulation controller and 3 fans 19 connected with the normally closed relays 21.
The above technical solution only represents the preferred technical solution of the present invention, and some changes that may be made by those skilled in the art to some parts of the technical solution represent the principles of the present invention, and the technical solution falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The fuel cell of the fuel cell automobile comprises a fuel cell body (1), and is characterized in that a water cooling structure is arranged on the fuel cell body (1), an air cooling structure is arranged on the water cooling structure, and a control structure for controlling the air cooling structure is arranged on the water cooling structure;
the water cooling structure comprises two internal cooling liquid pipes (2), two first electromagnetic valves (3), a first three-way connecting pipe (4), a cooling liquid circulating pump (5), a feeding pipe (6), a radiator (7), a feeding pipe (8), a second three-way connecting pipe (9), two second electromagnetic valves (10) and a pressing part;
two tiling is assembled at fuel cell body (1) upper wall to inside coolant pipe (2), and two inside coolant pipe (2) are hollow rectangular structure, and two inside coolant pipe (2) lateral wall all are equipped with the arch, two first solenoid valve (3) install in two inside coolant pipe (2) one end, first tee bend connecting pipe (4) install in two in first solenoid valve (3) one end, coolant circulation pump (5) are installed in first tee bend connecting pipe (4) one end, send into pipe (6) and install in coolant circulation pump (5) other end, second tee bend connecting pipe (9) are installed in send into pipe (6) one end, two second solenoid valve (10) are installed in second tee bend connecting pipe (9) one end, two second solenoid valve (10) other end are installed in two inside coolant pipe (2) other end, pressfitting portion installs on fuel cell body (1).
2. The fuel cell of a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the nip portion includes: the device comprises a box cover (11), a plurality of air cylinders (12) and a plurality of plugs (13);
the fuel cell comprises a fuel cell body (1), a plurality of air cylinders (12), a plurality of plugs (13), a plurality of cover caps (11) and a mounting assembly, wherein the cover caps (11) are mounted at the opening of the fuel cell body (1), the plurality of air cylinders (12) are equidistantly mounted on the top surface of the inner side of the cover caps (11), the plugs (13) are mounted at the telescopic ends of the plurality of air cylinders (12), and the cover caps (11) are mounted on the fuel cell body (1) through the mounting assembly.
3. The fuel cell of a fuel cell vehicle of claim 2, wherein the mounting assembly comprises: the device comprises two first flanging (14), two second flanging (15), a plurality of fixing bolts (16) and a plurality of fixing nuts (17);
the two first flanges (14) are symmetrically arranged on the side wall surface of the fuel cell body (1), the two second flanges (15) are symmetrically arranged on the side wall surface of the case cover (11), a plurality of fixing bolts (16) are movably inserted on the two first flanges (14) and the two second flanges (15), and a plurality of fixing nuts (17) are sleeved on a plurality of fixing bolts (16).
4. The fuel cell of a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the air cooling structure comprises: a mounting rack (18) and a plurality of fans (19);
the mounting frame (18) is arranged on the radiator (7), and the fans (19) are equidistantly arranged on the mounting frame (18).
5. The fuel cell of a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of the fans (19) are each provided with a shield (26), and a plurality of the shields (26) are each of a mesh structure.
6. A fuel cell for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that the number of said fans (19) is in particular 5-6.
7. The fuel cell of a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the control structure includes: the mounting cover (20), a plurality of normally closed relays (21), a fan (19) speed regulation controller, a thermal management controller (23) and a first temperature sensor (24);
the installation cover (20) is installed on the radiator (7), a plurality of normally closed relays (21) are installed on the inner side wall surface of the installation cover (20), the fan (19) speed regulation controller is installed on the outer side wall surface of the installation cover (20), the thermal management controller (23) is installed on the outer side wall surface of the installation cover (20), and the first temperature sensor (24) is installed on the outer side wall surface of the installation cover (20).
8. The fuel cell of a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 7, wherein the number of the normally closed relays (21) is specifically 4 to 5, and the switches (27) are provided on the normally closed relays (21).
9. A fuel cell for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of said mounting covers (20) are each of a mesh structure.
10. A fuel cell for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper wall surfaces of both of the internal coolant pipes (2) are provided with a second temperature sensor (25).
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