CN1137822A

CN1137822A - Continuously variable transmission capable of torque control

Info

Publication number: CN1137822A
Application number: CN94194525A
Authority: CN
Inventors: T·G·费劳斯; C·J·格林伍德
Original assignee: Torotrak Development Ltd
Current assignee: Torotrak Development Ltd
Priority date: 1993-12-20
Filing date: 1994-12-09
Publication date: 1996-12-11
Anticipated expiration: 2014-12-09
Also published as: GB2284870A; EP0736153B1; GB9424927D0; GB2284870B; BR9408314A; ATE163994T1; DK0736153T3; RU2133895C1; EP0736153A1; KR100305859B1; AU1196995A; JPH09506417A; IN189939B; WO1995017621A1; CA2177383A1; PL315716A1; MY116222A; KR960706615A; ES2114300T3; CA2177383C

Abstract

A continuously-variable-ratio transmission of the band-and-sheave type capable of 'torque control', so that what the operator demands, by movement of the accelerator pedal or other control member, is a particular driving torque applied to the ratio-varying component. A connection between at least one of the variator sheaves and its shaft is torque-sensitive, so that torque at that sheave generates an axial force which is a function of the magnitude and direction of the torque to which the sheave is subjected. Examples are described in which the operating axial load, applied to the variator pulley units, comprises two parts: a first part to maintain traction between sheaves and band, and a second part related to the applied torque and a variator using more than one band.

Description

Improvement about the stepless change transmission

The present invention generally is about stepless change transmission (" CVT ' S "), particularly about band and the speed change member (" speed changer ") of belt wheel formula CVT ' S.In this CVT pattern, making continuous has flexible and belt body inelastic substantially, that its general form is belt or chain is walked around two belt pulley unit that rotate and be arranged in respect to this common radial plane of two and constituted on the axle of being separated by that is parallel to each other.The belt body width is constant, and two belt pulleys of each belt pulley unit are coaxial and axial clearances between them can change, and so just changed the contact radius between belt body and this belt pulley unit.If the belt crop rotation axial separation of Unit the 1st motion in Unit two and reduce the contact radius of belt body, then the belt pulley of Unit the 2nd must be close mutually to increase its contact radius, so just can keep the tension force of belt body.If meanwhile Unit the 1st and the 2nd is considered as the input and the output element of speed changer respectively, its velocity ratio then descends.Conversely, the belt pulley of Unit the 2nd separates if the belt crop rotation of Unit the 1st is axially near moving, and speed ratio will raise.Certainly, must apply on the belt pulley of two unit at whole duration of work and to make its close axial force, its value should produce enough frictions so that at the required tractive force of their intermediate transfer between belt wheel/belt.Typical situation is that a belt pulley of each belt pulley unit is fixed on its axle, by axial splines other belt pulley is connected slidably with this axle simultaneously, and the surface away from belt that makes belt pulley is formed at the surface of moving piston in oil hydraulic cylinder, and this oil hydraulic cylinder is connected on the hydraulic power with the fluid pressure that produces required thrust load.Should be understood that another is axially moveable if a belt pulley of each belt pulley unit is fixed as described above, then when belt more slightly moves axially with respect to each belt pulley unit, must follow some speed ratio to change.For fear of any consequence in contrast to this, the known means of those skilled in the art comprise two belt pulleys (fixing and movable) are configured in to axial opposed between the two belt pulley unit, make belt shaft on the belt pulley unit adjacent to each other be separated from each other to movement direction and belt pulley that corresponding belt adapts in another unit of motion.

The usual practice is the operator by being that known " Transmission Ratio Control " comes the conversion velocity ratio in the art in the known speed changer of this class, in other words, hydraulic controller diameter to two movable belt pulleys sends instruction to force the predetermined detaching motion of movable belt crop rotation in the unit, draw close motion and in addition the movable belt crop rotation of unit is predetermined accordingly, keeping enough thrust load to keep the friction of the necessity between the belt/belt wheel on two belt pulley unit simultaneously.By comparison, with the towed CVT ' of ring raceway S correlative technology field in various latest developments verified the various advantages of so-called " moment of torsion control ", the operator claims by means of motion or other control unit of accelerator pedal therein, perhaps by live axle (being the torque load on the motor) or by the specific output torque on the driven shaft specific driving moment is applied on the speed changer.The example of the ring raceway CVT that the CVT control system of this pattern and the utmost point are suitable for this control can be indicated in respectively in WO 93/21031 and the EP-B-0444086 patent disclosure.

Few suggestion that comprises some moment of torsion control unit in band and belt wheel formula speed changer CVT has been proposed now.One of them appears in No. 730003 papers that are entitled as " design equation of speed and the transmission of moment of torsion control variable gear ratio v belt " that the conference of international automobile engineering proposes, and in January, 1973, the Michigan is in the fair of Detroit.Advise in the described speed changer at this, in the two belt pulley unit one can demonstrate necessarily for the moment of torsion perception with respect to its installation shaft is for the helical movement owing to one in the belt pulley, and other belt pulley unit is the insensitive but responsive to speed to moment of torsion then.The paper suggestion is for example used this CVT at some special car in the skimobile.Yet it should still be noted that, though it is relevant with vehicle accelerator that the operator directly (passes through accelerator pedal) beyond doubt to the controlled motion of this vehicle, the belt pulley relative movement that this paper does not comprise relevant two belt pulley unit will directly be controlled by operator's controlled motion or associated instruction, a kind of CVT of limited control ability consequently, because it is long-pending for output speed and output torque for any output load-promptly, the consolidated equation that has only an input speed and input torque among the speed ratio limit of speed changer, the CVT that only possesses limited control ability can not adapt to the various requirement of modern road vehicles.The other limitation of the speed changer described in this paper is that it is not suitable for will be by providing more than the extend CVT kind of its operating range of a what is called " operating mode " work, this speed changer will run to the other end from an end of its ratio coverage in its each operating mode, and this is just for the current growing needs of automobile practice.In this multi-operating mode design, normally make power carry out recirculation in the operating mode therein by speed changer, during this period speed changer output and power are imported as two input ends to carry out recirculation, and when the whole power that transmitted all carry out recirculation, under specific speed ratio value, just reached so-called " neutral gear " condition, so the transmission no-output, correspondingly automobile is then motionless.This recirculation operating mode of actual demand in most of vehicle transmission, for example in engine start and reach idling and vehicle when still static, speed changer need be at neutral gear.This paper and the not mentioned possibility of carrying out power recirculation operating mode that reaches neutral gear, under the situation that does not have the driver to require, described speed changer is just sought in its ratio coverage one extremely simply.

CVT of the present invention also is different from the kind shown in the US-A-5217412 patent specification significantly.Repeatedly mention in this specification, it is about a kind of operator speed changer to be proposed specific speed ratio requirement, and the variation of moment of torsion will directly not influence its speed ratio.Directly do not control speed ratio in the present invention: the size requirements of operator by the action of accelerator pedal or other control unit be in a certain axle of speed changer or the specified torque on other, at this moment of torsion within the operating limit even also can keep when speed ratio changes.Be not both in order to carry out " moment of torsion control " effectively with another of US-A-5217412.Between at least one belt pulley unit is with it, need a kind of can produce its size and direction all and spool on the connection set of the relevant power of moment of torsion: can change the axially spaced-apart between belt pulley under the effect in this power.At US-A-5217412, between two shaft parts of a pair of belt pulley, has only a Torque sensor connection set (part 24).When its work, be used for the perception moment of torsion, produce not directly related axial force and cause the relative movement of belt pulley.

The characteristics that are generally used for carrying out the belt type CVT ' S of " moment of torsion control " are, when between belt pulley unit and its axle, having the Torque sensor connection set, allow belt pulley and between centers to have motion and generation belt pulley/axial force as the function of the size of this moment of torsion and direction, when axle is passed to belt to moment of torsion then, the reaction of this connection set just produces the power that belt pulley is separated, and when axle when belt is accepted moment of torsion, corresponding power just makes the motion of the mutual convergence of belt crop rotation.Theme of the present invention is to make it also be different from belt type CVT in the US-A-5173084 specification, this CVT be provided with at each belt pulley and between it can the perception moment of torsion connection set.In US-A-5173084.The action of the connection set of its two energy perception moments of torsion between belt pulley unit and their axle separately is inequality.Each power relevant with moment of torsion that results from this two connection set acts synergistically on two belt pulley unit, and the two does mutual tropism when power makes them when input shaft (12) is passed to output shaft (14), and makes the two separation when power reverse is transmitted.As described in specification, knowing; For example in the 5th hurdle 23-32 was capable, the purpose of doing like this was to simplify oil hydraulic pump and/or reduce its capacity.Can not obtain moment of torsion control by means of the CVT ' S described in this specification, also not have to realize by any way the instruction of moment of torsion control, say nothing of its various strong points.What also should particularly point out is that the work of the Torque sensor connection set described in the US-A-5173084 is also as mentioning in paper 73003, make them can not be used for multi-operating mode CVT, (for example when idle commentaries on classics) speed changer needs multi-operating mode to form neutral gear under some situation there.

The present invention makes its moment of torsion control reach the desired and degree that can be equal to mutually with the control ability of the ring raceway CVT ' S that has stated of automobile in modern age to make owing to how figuring out belt body/belt wheel formula CVT improved.

The present invention is determined that by all claims that proposed its content can be read and comprise CVT ' S in the disclosed content of specification, referring now to accompanying drawing, its part accompanying drawing is a simplified schematic diagram, and is described with way of example, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the axial sectional view through known belt/belt is taken turns or each parts of speed changer are cut open;

Fig. 2 is a view like the transmission-like of the present invention, and speed changer is connected with each parts of hydraulic control circuit;

Fig. 3 illustrates some basic building block that adopts two operating mode CVT of speed changer among Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is similar to Fig. 2's but the speed changer that another substitutes is shown;

Fig. 5 is a hydraulic circuit diagram;

Fig. 6 is that CVT Pulley shaft through adopting Fig. 5 circuit is to sectional view;

Fig. 7 is the axial sectional view through another speed changer;

Fig. 8 represents the underground that links to each other with Fig. 7 speed changer;

Fig. 9 is similar to Fig. 7 to Figure 10, but expression is the other speed changer;

Figure 11 represents the underground that is connected with speed changer among Fig. 9,10; And

Figure 12 is the axial sectional view through another speed changer.

In the description of whole accompanying drawing,, under the situation that context allows, adopt identical label for part with basic identity function.

Fig. 1 shows a stepless speed variator, wherein, belt or chain 1 have flexible but non-stretchable and width are constant, comprise

belt pulley

3,4 and axle 5 the 1st belt pulley unit 2 with comprise

belt pulley

7,8 and spools 9 the 2nd belt pulley unit 6 between transmitting

tractive power.Axle

5 and 9

parallel axis

10,11 rotations around being spaced from each other respectively.

Belt pulley

3,7 is fixed on their axles separately, and belt pulley 4 then is connected in the 5 one-tenth axial splines in 12 places and axle, makes it to do to a certain extent relative axial

motion.Belt pulley

4,8 is done motion in the form of piston respectively in oil

hydraulic cylinder

15,16, each oil hydraulic cylinder links to each other with hydraulic power supply 19 with control piece 18 by control unit 17.

Suppose that

axle

5 and 9 is respectively the input component and the output member of speed changer, arrow T _1N, N _1N, T _OUTWith N _OUTThen represent input torque, input speed, output torque and the output speed of speed changer respectively.Control unit 17 work produce the hydraulic pressure P that is enough to keep belt tension in oil cylinder 16 _T, and make that hydraulic pressure is P in the oil cylinder 15 _T± P _R, P wherein _RBe the increment relevant with the depression amount of pedal 18, when its on the occasion of the time make

belt pulley

3,4 close mutually, transmission velocity ratio raises; Then make them separately when it is negative value, transmission velocity ratio reduces.Yet, because

belt pulley

3,7 is separately fixed on the

axle

5,9, have only limited axial motion degrees of freedom and be installed in these belt pulleys of 54,8, any belt pulley all can not respond the variation of speed changer institute transmitting torque and automatically move to change speed ratio under the situation that does not have hydraulic pressure.Thereby the usefulness of pressing the CVT of its one, two of uncomfortable cooperation of actual conditions or multi-operating mode, wherein to produce recirculation at least one operating mode in these operating modes.In such speed changer, because this speed changer is insensitive to moment of torsion, so be difficult to estimate the optimum pressure value P that for life-span and efficient, meets the non-slip lowest term of belt _T

Along with the instruction that comes self-controller 17 changes and P _REach variation is because belt pulley unit 2 is opened or fashionable unit 6 changes on the contrary, so can be by the configuration of

oil cylinder

15,16 subtends is guaranteed that the center line 20 of belt 1 remains in the same radial plane substantially with respect to

axle

5 and 9.

In corresponding speed changer of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, the

belt pulley

3,4 of unit 2 is installed on the axle 5 movably by means of

helical spline

21,22 respectively, and its spline trend is opposite, but 7,8 of the belt pulleys of unit 6 are installed on the axle 9 by means of axial splines 23,24.

Belt pulley

3,7 is placed in the

oil cylinder

25,26 as the piston, and the chamber of

oil cylinder

15,25 is interconnected and makes it have identical hydraulic pressure, and oil cylinder 16 is also identical with 26 pressure.In fact helical toothing between

belt pulley

3,4 and their axle 5 can realize by the steel ball raceway, label 27 expression steel balls.The direction of

spiral

21,22 must select with arrow N _INWith N _OUTShown sense of rotation is harmonious, and make any moment of torsion that is transmitted between belt pulley and belt produce the axial force that is directly proportional with it on both, and any added moment of torsion will cause gear ratio change and reduce this moment of torsion.As shown in Figure 1, realize control by hydraulic control unit 17, but be to supply with hydraulic fluids with 30,31 pairs of belt pulley unit 2 of independent pump and 6 to realize now speed changer with operating element 18.Pump 30 is by inlet 32

oil cylinder

15,25 accommodating fluids to unit 2, and pump 31 is then by inlet 33

oil cylinder

16 and 26 accommodating fluids to unit 6.Fluid is respectively through exporting 34,35 oil cylinders that leave unit 2,6 then, and through

control valve

36,37 to floss hole 38.Between

valve

36,37 and floss hole 38, be " base value " P to be set also for the pressure in each oil cylinder by the major function of the other resistance-shifting valve 39 of unit 17 control _T, it can keep the enough clamping forces between belt pulley and the belt in the All Time of transmitting tractive power.Whenever drive condition is to make power from the unit 2 when passing to unit 6, unit 17 is modulating valve 36 just, and valve 37 is opened.So, in

oil cylinder

16,26, just set up basic pressure P _T, and in the

oil cylinder

15,25 of unit 2, set up pressure P _T+ P _C, P herein _CBy the operator require (by pedal 18) and with the function that puts on the transmitting torque that the outside end thrust on the

belt pulley

3,4 is complementary according to desired moment of torsion.If this transmission device is in the opposite direction to bear moment of torsion, then unit 17 control valves 37 are opened valve 36, set up basic pressure P in

oil cylinder

15,25 _T, and in the

oil cylinder

16,26 of unit 6 build-up pressure P _TAdd P _CThis to P _CThe control of value means that each the axial load power that acts on two belt pulley unit is that requirement to the operator directly responds, and the available predefined function to this requirement of its size is expressed.

In being shown in the modified example of the present invention of Fig. 4, the belt pulley 4 of unit 2 is mounted on the ball screw rod 22, its working condition in oil cylinder 15 is with foregoing the same, and belt pulley 3 then is installed in belt pulley 4 and forms on the axial splines 42 of axle sleeve 41 of one.Thereby

belt pulley

3,4 can rotate together, but to move to axial be restricted for it, defines this and the relative axial position of belt pulley 4 with thrust raceway 43 on the axle 5 all-in-one-piece flanges 44.6 middle belt pulleys 8 are installed on the linear splines 24 in the unit, its motion in oil cylinder 16 also with aforementionedly as piston, belt pulley 7 then directly is integral with axle 9.At this, 2 two belt pulleys obtain moment of torsion to single ball screw rod 22 from the unit, because axial splines 41 obtains moment of torsion from belt pulley 3, pass to belt pulley 4, pass to axle 5 by screw rod 22 then.As shown in fig. 1, the configuration of

oil cylinder

15,16 subtends has guaranteed that two belt pulleys of another unit shift near when two belt pulleys of arbitrary unit in the unit 2,6 move apart, and vice versa.This just can make the plane of the center line 20 of belt 1 remain unchanged substantially.

Also wish in practice to avoid because certain in the work is former thereby between the desirable chucking power of belt and

oil cylinder

15,25 and 16,26 oil pressure any mismatch takes place, particularly all the more so near the limit of this ratio coverage when close its maximum of belt on any or least radius in two belt pulley unit.Although be not identical aspect effectiveness, some aspect of this characteristics of CVT of the present invention can with for example patent specification GB-B-2023753, the various characteristics of the spiral rolling track rolling traction formula CVT ' S described in EP-B-0133330 and the EP-B-0444086 " hydraulic end stop " compare.In Fig. 2, the position of

outlet

34,35 and size and 45,46 in the aperture that provides in addition are used to produce this " end stop " effect, it is also to be understood that certainly also needing other unshowned characteristic in practice has the suitable moment and size to guarantee this effect.In belt pulley unit 2, its outlet 34 should make with respect to the size of oil cylinder 15 and position and make belt pulley 4 cover aperture 34 at last fully when

belt pulley

3,4 axial separation tend to exceed preestablished limit, blocking-up two is communicated with

oil cylinder

25,15 liquid and flows out, thereby make pressure in two oil cylinders rise to the pressure of pump 30, and with this stop belt pulley further separately.On the contrary, mutually when surpassing predetermined value, aperture 45 is not covered at belt pulley.Connection between this aperture directly or indirectly links to each other with floss hole 38 by valve 39 except using bypass control valve 36 situations.So just released pressure in the

oil cylinder

15,25 has stoped belt pulley further close.In belt pulley unit 6, the setting in the position in aperture 35 and size and aperture 46 makes it play similar effect.

Being to be understood that this " hydraulic end stop " mechanism not only can reach in practice prevents to rise to too high or drop to too low purpose at each belt pulley unit middle belt pulley/belt clamping force, also has correspondingly the contact radius of belt/belt wheel is remained on effect in the preset limit.For back one purpose, also show the Purely mechanical " end stop " of the ring-type of between the belt pulley of unit 2 and 6, installing among Fig. 2 around

axle

5,9, it is actual to have prevented that belt 1 and any being coupling from touching, for example when this hydraulic stopper can not stop the unallowed over-separation of belt pulley.Just do not need such ring in modified example shown in Figure 4, wherein the axle sleeve 41 of unit 2 and the axle 9 among Fig. 6 rotate synchronously with

belt pulley

3,4 and 7,8 respectively.Certainly, the stop of many other forms can also be arranged, be used for preventing that belt pulley from exceeding selected separation or close ultimately.

Fig. 3 shows the basic building block of duplexing condition CVT, and wherein prime mover 50 is with the axle 5 of rotational speed N 1 drive belt wheel unit 2 (as shown in Figure 2), and by driving low operating mode clutch 52 driving the constant speed of speed drop to 1/2N1 than belt 51.Second half of clutch is connected with the planet carrier 53 of planetary gear train 54, and the output member 56 of its gear ring 55 and CVT and half of high operating mode clutch 58 57 are connected.Second half of this clutch 59 all is connected with the output shaft 9 of speed changer with the sun gear 60 of planetary gear train 54, promptly is connected on the common axle of

belt pulley

7 and 8.

In order to describe the working condition of the CVT vehicle that includes in Fig. 2 and 3, begin in turn to describe from state of rest now.The operator can be with the gear selector that typically includes standard N, P, D and R setting value (having the input with 47 unit that schematically illustrate 17).

Motor 50 startings are all thrown off along with the gear selector is in " N " or " P " clutch 52 and 58.Clutch 52 begins to engage when selected " D ".If vehicle is motionless and speed changer when not being in " neutral gear " in the known technology (promptly making the speed ratio of output member 56 for not rotating under certain input shaft 5 speed conditions) speed ratio, drag torque is added on the speed changer by clutch 52.Up to put one's foot down 18 and when starting, two

control valves

37,36 are opened, thereby make two belt pulley unit, 2,6 no pressure differences., such as already explained, generally " substantially " pressure can be set by valve 39.

The speed ratio of supposing planetary gear train 54 is E=2, and belt 51 has the fixed speed ratio of having stated 1/2.Under the motionless situation of vehicle, belt 51 will be attempted rotating speed drive speed transmission output shaft 9 with 3/2N1 by clutch 52 and planetary gear train 54.Axle 9 is actual in the 1/2N1 rotation, if like this, himself and transmission input shaft 2 is all quickened.The latter's moment of accelerating will by spiral rolling

track

21,22 produce make belt pulley unit 2 two belt pulleys mutually to the axial force of convergence, this will improve transmission velocity ratio.Owing to there is not pressure difference on belt pulley unit 2 and 6, these power can not be subjected to any resistance.

If speed ratio generation toning, the moment on the input shaft 5 will be oppositely, and axial force will force

belt pulley

3,4 to separate.Like this, just can before vehicle stop state starting, find correct speed ratio its low operating mode at this Torque sensor type speed changer under the situation of not carrying out any external control at vehicle, clutch 52 engages in this operating mode in other words, and clutch 58 is thrown off, and power carries out recirculation by speed changer.

When pushing down on the pedal 18 the time, control unit 17 is aimed at this requirement, and in conjunction with relevant operating mode and current speed ratio (input modes with illustrated 61 and 62) information this to be required arrangement be output torque or to the torque load of motor, in order to travel forward under low operating mode, transmission gear ratio must reduce to 1/2 from 3/2.Thereby power 6 reaches unit 2 from the unit, and the

belt pulley

7,8 on the output shaft 9 must relatively move.It is to open valve 36 by control unit, and pressure that adjustable resistance in the valve 37 improves the

oil cylinder

16,26 that is interconnected realizes by increasing.

Thrust load on the

belt pulley

7,8 is to be provided by the difference pressure combination that clamping pressure (being produced by valve 39) and torque control valve 37 are produced.The thrust load of axle 5 upper belt pulleys 3,4 is then by same clamping pressure (P _T) and provide by the power that helix structure produces.Because the face angle of all belt pulleys equates, will make the speed ratio of speed changer stable when differential (the being moment of torsion control) power that pressure produced and the equilibrium of forces of spiral.Because from the axial force of spiral is the function of speed changer input torque, be to affact on the belt pulley unit 2 or by valve 37 direct function that to affact this difference pressure on the unit 6 be this moment of torsion itself then by valve 36 no matter moment of torsion control is pressed.Naturally this difference pressure also is the function by speed changer " output " moment of torsion of the instantaneous speed ratio modulation of speed changer.

If conditions permit, this difference pressure will make speed changer arrive its speed ratio lower limit, 1/2.Unit 17 is thrown off low operating mode clutch 52 then, high operating mode clutch 58 is engaged, the speed ratio of speed changer and planetary gear train is just chosen, so this variation is a class that belongs to " synchronously " in the known technology, it can not cause the instantaneous variation of output member 56 rotating speeds.Enter " high operating mode " along with clutch 58 engages transmission, the operator depresses pedal 18 again will make speed changer return it from the 1/2 present whole ratio coverage to its maximum value 2.In this operating mode,, just determined its torque load by pressure controlled valve 36 in case obtain power from prime mover 50.

Valve 39 function aspect basic " clamping force " between setting belt pulley and belt has illustrated already.The effective force that it is again emphasized that transferring power between belt pulley and belt is a tangential force, and it exists the upper limit for the axial clamping force that this tangential force is not produced the skid part of being determined by valve 39.This upper limit is determined by the friction factor between belt pulley and belt.Otherwise excessive clamping force will reduce life-span and efficient.When utilizing moment of torsion regulating and controlling CVT, be easy to calculate the tangential force when any speed ratio, thereby draw best clamping force, this speed ratio can be measured simply, and unit 17 receives the electrical input signal of this measurement at 62 places.Tangential force is the function of moment of torsion, remove moment of torsion with belt and belt pulley contact radius and obtain, and contact radius itself also is the function of speed ratio.Unit 17 gives the valve setting program to regulate the hydraulic pressure in the

oil cylinder

15,25 and 16,26 for the input signal of valve 39, tries to achieve this optimal force with this.

In Fig. 5, pump 30 and 32 is sent fluid into the oil cylinder 63,64 that contains piston 65,66.When proper functioning, be respectively by outlet 67,68, pipeline 69,70 and control valve A, B become from these oil cylinders to floss hole 38 fluid return line, and the pressure in the pipeline 69,70 is respectively P _A, P _BBleeder valve 71 is set to prevent pressure P _A, P _BRise and surpass predetermined value.In the towed moment of torsion control of a kind of ring raceway described in EP-B-0444086 patent specification CVT, piece number 65 is relevant with the facing surfaces of two-way function hydraulic piston with 66, piston links to each other with the carrier of a roller, and its direction-agileization is to change velocity ratio.In belt and the wheeled Torque sensor speed changer of belt, the sort of shown in each figure in front for example, oil cylinder 63,64 normally links to each other with in the speed changer two belt pulley unit 2,6 each respectively, the pressure of supplying with two unit in this example of the present invention is controlled, desirable clamping force reaches and the arithmetic sum of moment of torsion forces associated so that produce in such unit, and has only clamping force in other unit.This clamping force forces belt pulley and belt to carry out suitably transmission closely and contacts, and under state of equilibrium the equilibrium of forces relevant with moment of torsion from the axial force of Torque sensor spiral or similar means.In this example of the present invention, the pressure that valve A and B produce in oil cylinder 63,64 only is complementary with the power relevant with moment of torsion, and clamping force is generation as follows respectively then.By pipeline 72 cross-over connections on two inlets that are connected to valve 73,73 permissions of valve are greater than pressure P between the feed flow line of pump 30,31 _AWith P _BThe time pressure enter, and block less pressure.The outlet line 74 of this valve arrives the oil cylinder 76,77 that disposes abreast and comprise piston 78,79 respectively through dropping valve 75.Piston 78 is axially supported a belt pulley, and clamping force is affacted on this belt pulley.Similarly, 79 in piston acts on clamping force on other belt pulley, and the relation between piston 65,66,78 and 79 is illustrated with reference to Fig. 6.

At first to point out because

oil cylinder

76 and 77 is configured in the downstream side of valve 75 abreast, in these oil cylinders with regard to same pressure always.Because need to transmit identical tractive force on two belt pulleys, yes is fit to for this.Secondly, piston 78 all will be in a basic balance by the motion of piston 79 on other direction in any motion on a certain direction, and vice versa.Like this, the fluid that shifts out from oil cylinder 76 just flows into oil cylinder 77 basically, and vice versa, this has also just eliminated the needs that adaptive liquid flows owing to the motion of two clamping pistons 78,79 to pump 30 and 31.Should be noted also that have only in two pumps one in sometime to the clamping piston feed flow.All these makes that the power of pump can be less than needing the power that

oil cylinder

63,64 produces moment responses and clamping load situation among each figure of front.

Discharge pressure with

bigger pump

30,31 is supplied with

oil cylinder

76,77 o'clock to fluid direct (by valve 73), and is normally excessive by the clamping force that piston 78,79 applies.The decompression factor that valve 75 provides a cardinal principle to be directly proportional with the instantaneous speed ratio of speed changer, because clamping force will be the function that acts on the tractive force on the belt, and tractive force itself is the function of moment and belt and belt pulley contact radius, i.e. the function measured of speed ratio.This pressure that therefrom obtains clamping force is only to be directly proportional with moment, and is revised to produce required clamping force by instantaneous speed ratio.In order to prevent that under failure condition hydraulic pressure from jeopardously rising and protection circuit, bleeder valve 71 is set to protect its torque responsive function on

circuit

69,70, on valve 73, connect similar valve 80 and clamp function to protect it.Yet for energy " fail safe ", the pattern of valve 75 should be to turn back to standard-sized sheet under the situation that for example central control mechanism breaks down, and is conducted to oil cylinder 76 and 78 with a whole pump pressure, thereby guarantees traction continuously.

During proper functioning, on behalf of the speed of a motor vehicle and engine speed, gear (class) selection and other relevant parameter, particularly driver, control valve A and B normally regulate by the central programmed ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 17 of the given input signal of accelerator pedal 18 by receiving (by 61,62 and 47).Oil cylinder outlet 67 and 68 positions on the protuberance step that forms on each oil cylinder end wall (67a and 68a) play anti-fault " end stop " effect of mode commonly known in the art, the close step 67a if piston 65 surmounts its normal travel, then resistance to flow output increases, hydraulic pressure in the oil cylinder 63 increases to the maximum set value of bleeder valve 80 thereupon, so increased the resistance that further overshoot is moved to piston.

Fig. 6 illustrates the CVT of the underground that uses Fig. 5.This speed changer comprises the belt pulley unit 6 that contains

belt pulley

7,8 and contains the belt pulley unit 2 of belt pulley 3,4.Belt 1 reaches another unit to power from a belt pulley unit.Belt pulley 7 is fixed on the axle 9, drive by prime mover 50 at this design axis 9, belt pulley 8 is in axle 8 splines 24 and connects, so taking turns at this to have certain motion to axial therewith between belt, belt pulley 8 has flange 81, and goes up the annular space that the circular plate of being with 82 is determined a variable volume by axle 9, belt pulley 8, flange 81 and axle.Produce the clamping pressure act on the belt pulley 6 in this space, this space is corresponding with the oil cylinder 76 described in Fig. 5, and 83 links to each other with dropping valve 75 with pipeline 84 by entering the mouth.

The belt pulley 3 of belt pulley unit 2 is connected with helical spline 22 with axle 5.The 2nd belt pulley 4 of unit 2 is connected at ring neck protuberance 41 splines of 42 places and the 1st belt pulley 3, makes two

belt pulleys

3,4 to move axially but can not relatively rotate.The steel ball thrust raceway of being supported by the flange 44 that is fixed on the axle 5 43 has limited the motion of belt pulley 4 to Fig. 6 right side.As shown in Figure 4, helical spline 22 provides a double-direction twist moment responsive connection between belt pulley unit 2 and axle 5; When moment of torsion during in a certain sense of

rotation belt pulley

3,4 be tending towards separately, when its during at other direction, then gather.

Cascade ring 87 is fixed on the axle 5 with rim in it, its outer rim then with belt pulley 3 on flange 88 form being slidingly matched of sealing.Fixing less cascade ring 89 on the belt pulley 3, it forms being slidingly matched of sealing with axle 5 at 90 places.Ring 91 places on the axle 5, and the outer rim of this ring forms being slidingly matched of sealing with the inwall of ring 89 at 92 places.Like this, axle 5, belt pulley 3 and

encircle

87,89 and 91 annular cavitys of just between them, determining 3 variable volumes.These chambers are represented with 77,63 and 64 in Fig. 6, because they are only the mark of each individual features in Fig. 5 just.Chamber 77 links to each other with reduction valve 75 with pipeline 84 by inlet 93, and clamping force is provided.Pipeline 84 axially passes through in axle 5, just as it in axle 9.Liquid

unshowned pump

30,31 from Fig. 6 enters

oil cylinder

63,64 respectively by

aperture

94,95, and leaves oil cylinder by aperture 67,68 as among Fig. 5.In the design of Fig. 6, two

oil cylinders

63,64 are actually coaxial and are separated by retaining ring 91, and the left surface that the left surface of ring 89 becomes piston 65 belt pulleys 3 then becomes piston 66.Should be noted that in Fig. 6 also with Fig. 5 in the same ground, on

ladder surface

67a, 68a, form aperture 67 and 68 respectively, they are positioned at and axially protrude on

corresponding inlet

94 and 95, so that given the end stop effect of description above being provided at.

In the embodiment of Fig. 6, axle 9 can drive the pump combination that comprises oil

hydraulic pump

30,31 that is positioned at 85 places that dotted line is represented easily.Gear 96 engagements on the extreme gear 96 of CVT and the 3rd 97, be installed on the axle 9 gear 98 with and the gear 98a of axle 97 coaxial lines be meshed, and be installed on the axle 5 gear 99 with also mesh with the gear 99a of axle 97 coaxial lines.By providing for speed changer among Fig. 6 to work in successively two kinds to be called as " low " and to expand its operating range with the devices of " height " operating mode.Suppose the rotation of axle 9 constant speed, typical low operating mode standard will be carried out under will crossing over the condition of belt pulley unit 6 (cross over direction for 2 of unit opposite) on belt 1 ground from the maximum radius to the least radius, final drive wheel 96 begins with the opposite direction maximum (top) speed during this period, be decelerated to and stop (in the prior art knownly as " neutral gear "), quickening until reaching till the least radius on the belt pulley unit 6 on the direction of advance then.On this aspect, clutch (to be described) is operated in and makes low operating mode disengagement, high operating mode jointing state simultaneously, and its speed ratio and scope can selectedly become " the changing synchronously " that do not comprise instantaneous transmission velocity ratio variation in the known technology.During high operating mode, belt is got back to the least radius on maximum radius on the belt pulley unit 6 and unit 2, and final drive gear 96 constantly accelerates to its final maximum forward speed.

In order to obtain this two kinds of operating modes, half flange 100 of the low operating mode clutch 101 of mounting support on the gear 98, second half of clutch then is positioned on the planet carrier 102 of planetary gear train.The sun gear 103 of this train is contained on the tubular extension part 104 of gear 99a, and this extension part and gear then are rotatably mounted around axle 97.Extension part 104 also mounting a meter of high operating mode clutch 105, and second half of clutch is positioned on the flange 106, and flange is fixed on the axle 97 at 107 places and has the gear ring 108 of this planetary gear train.When hanging down operating mode, clutch 101,105 engages respectively and throws off, the input that this planetary gear train is accepted axle 9 (by planet carriers 102) and axle 5 (by sun gears 103) drives gear ring, be axle 97 and final drive gear 96 then, on " changing synchronously " point, clutch 101,105 is thrown off respectively and is engaged, after this by

gear

98,98a the direct connection of

axle

9,97 is opened, axle 97 passes through

gear

99,99a, flange 104, and high operating mode clutch 105 and flange 106 are directly driven by axle 5.Be used for making the piston and the oil hydraulic cylinder of clutch 101,105 work to represent with 110,111 and 112,113 respectively.

Also note that, the belt pulley of Torque sensor can respond the variation of requirement with the action that is connected (i.e. part in Fig. 6 example 22) of axle and realize effectively making power output shaft (being 5 among this figure) become lower rotating speed with respect to the rotating speed of the power input shaft (9) of speed changer, in other words, this response makes this speed changer be tending towards a kind of speed ratio that reduces power output.Point out now among Fig. 6 embodiment some other feature again.The 1st, two clutch (101,105) and planet unit are to be positioned at independently axle from belt pulley unit 6 and 2 on (97).This is in order to constitute the short transmission of axial dimension, to be suitable for being installed on the vehicle that motor laterally installs.The 2nd, this Torque sensor connects which links to each other nothing serious in (22) and the belt pulley unit 2,6 in principle.The 3rd, Torque sensor connect 22 and all relevant hydraulic pressure aperture and passage place on the axle 5 or within advantage be because there is not obstacle in these two ends, this makes it lead to fluid power to connect ratio one end and connecting the spools 9 easy of prime mover 50.

In the example of Fig. 7 and 8, belt 1 is being loaded on transmitting tractive power between the belt pulley unit 2 of axle on 5 and the belt pulley unit 6 that is installed on spools 9.In this example, axle 5 connects prime mover 50, and axle 9 then generally is to be connected on the terminal output gear 96 of CVT through unshowned various members (they do not belong to the present invention), and speed changer only is parts therein.Belt pulley unit 2 comprises belt pulley 4, inserts spiral steel ball raceway device 22 between this belt pulley and axle 5, makes belt pulley and axle can do the limited relative movement that comprises rotative component and axial component.Also belt pulley 4 is installed in by moving therein as piston in axle 5 and the formed oil hydraulic cylinder 15 of housing.Belt pulley unit 2 also comprises the 2nd belt pulley 3, and it is connected with axle sleeve 41 splines on the 1st belt pulley U at 42 places.Part 42 allows to have motion to axial between

parts

3 and 41, but sealing is arranged in case liquid runs off by spline.The steel ball raceway 43 that is installed on axle 5 the radial flange 44 allows belt pulleys 3 to sway, but stops its relative movement left.So far example is similar to example in some earlier drawings substantially among Fig. 7., on belt pulley 3, also form and cut part 119, and be installed on the radial flange 120 on the axle sleeve 41 sealing 121 is housed, parts 42,41,120,121 and 119 cooperatively interact and determine the 2nd oil hydraulic cylinder 122.

Another belt pulley unit 6 configuration on output shaft 9 similarly, but left and right oppositely corresponding part is then represented with identical sequence number, just adds label " ' ", for example the 1st, the 2nd belt pulley be 4 ', 3 '.Two steel ball raceways 22,22 ' trend should make when power from axle 5 reach axle 9 the time trend of its steel ball raceway 22 should produce active force that belt pulley is separated at axle 5 (even its axially away from), 22 of steel ball raceways are tending towards producing and make belt pulley close active force on axle 9 simultaneously.If the transmission of power direction is reverse, then each power is also reverse.Linear splines 42 and 42 ' allow this motion, but stop relatively rotating between two belt pulleys.

In the control wiring in Fig. 8 and 11, be provided with

pump

30,31 and central unit 17, valve A and B regulate each oil cylinder working-pressure and impel belt pulley close.Calculate that normal load that these pressure make (or chain) on the belt not only had been enough to prevent to skid but also unlikely excessive, make each axial force of being decided by moment of torsion from each ball screw reach the algebraically balance simultaneously, this normal load is the effective function of friction factor and input and output torque sum between belt and the belt pulley substantially.The latter can be expressed as the function of controlled moment of torsion (thereby being known) and transmission gear ratio (it can easily be measured).Like this, just can in whole operating range, keep best normal load (clamping force).

If belt pulley exceeds its normal range of operation for a certain reason, " hydraulic stopper " that then be known in the art will work.Similar to the situation shown in Fig. 5, be mounted in axially to protrude in from the

output line

69,70 of two oil cylinders 15,15 ' draw and enter on step 67a, the 68a of wall portion of input line separately of oil cylinder from pump 30,31.When belt pulley near one among step 67a, the 68a, before actual contact arrives this step, it has bottled up outlet, resistance in each fluid line is risen, should have value to rise to the value that determines separately by each control valve A or B to stop belt pulley to move further by making hydraulic pressure in the oil cylinder exceed it.

In Fig. 8, be clearly shown that each oil cylinder 15,122 in Fig. 7 and 8 examples; 15 ', 122 ' can directly link " big " of a belt pulley unit or " little " or " clamping " oil cylinder of " by moment of torsion decision " oil cylinder (15 and 15 ') and another belt unit (122 ' with 122) to each pressure source (30 and 31).Be also pointed out that, also need on belt, there be enough big load to skid preventing, particularly when hydraulic stopper improve pressure with the balance speed changer in during overload moment, for guaranteeing so, the helix angle of ball screw must be greater than by the various parameters of this speed changer, particularly the effective determined a certain numerical value of big or small piston area of friction factor and Fig. 8 situation.

In the embodiment of Fig. 9 and 10, continue to use sequence number employed in figure 7 and represent similar member.And in Fig. 9, replaced and only the belt pulley (4,4 ') in each belt pulley unit has been installed in spiral steel ball raceway (22,22 '), and the 2nd belt pulley in each unit (3,3 ') also is installed on (as the unit among Fig. 2 2) similar steel ball raceway (21,21 '), the two steel ball raceways trend of each unit is relative.And then, also cancelled the oil cylinder 122,122 among Fig. 7 ' and make two belt pulley profiles of each unit identical, effect in the similar housing of belt pulley 3,3 ' on

axle

5,9 is just like piston, final oil cylinder 15 and 125,15 ' with 125 ' be that fluid power communicates, as 126 and 126 ' shown.Speed changer and the resemblance among Fig. 7 among Figure 10 are maximum, unique big difference be cancelled

oil cylinder

122 and 122 '.Thereby make the better simply shape of the

belt pulley

3 and 3 of each unit ' have, but still belt pulley 4,4 ' axle sleeve 41,41 ' on install spline 42 and 42 ' on move, and still by steel ball raceway 43 and 43 ' stop axial motion in the opposite direction.In the embodiment of Figure 10, with the axial hydraulic masterpiece be used in means on each belt pulley unit be only by oil cylinder 15,15 ' act on belt pulley 4 and 4 ' on.Figure 11 shows the main member in the underground of each embodiment in Fig. 9 and 10, and it is the same with Fig. 7 to comprise central programmed control unit 17, two

pumps

30 and 31 and two control valve A and B.Pump 30 is in the pipeline of the oil cylinder 15 (then being the oil cylinder 125 by connecting line 126 in Fig. 9) that a belt pulley unit is arranged with valve A, pump 31 then is in valve B another belt pulley unit oil cylinder 15 ' (in Fig. 9 for by connecting line 126 ' oil cylinder 125 ') pipeline in.Though illustrate in order to be reduced at not give in Fig. 9 and 10, its oil cylinder 15 and 15 ' also can form stepped

end

67a and 68a as illustrated in fig. 11 so that as producing " end stop " effect with reference to Fig. 8 institute with describing.

Embodiment about the present invention the 2nd aspect has been shown among Figure 12, wherein, usually be easier to adopt economically the moment of torsion control speed changer of kind as shown in Figure 6, two belt pulley unit that are installed in common input shaft and output shaft abreast and belt more than one are carried out comprehensively, make it the moment on each belt of balance and can improve the resultant couple that can put on this speed changer, the gross tractive effort of being transmitted is increased.Though shown in Figure 6 is the speed changer of two belts, should be understood that its principle also can be used for having the speed changer more than two belts.Will see clearly from the following description, in the speed changer of Figure 12, its belt pulley unit is different at input shaft with mounting type on the output shaft: steel ball raceway device is limited on the output shaft.So just no longer included the symmetry properties among Fig. 7, thereby, also just no longer can use the underground correspondingly among Fig. 8.

In Figure 12, axle 9 is driven by prime mover 50 as among Fig. 6, and drives two belts 1 by two belt pulley unit 6.The exterior belt pulley 7 of this Unit two is fixed on the axle 9, and interior belt pulley 8 then meshes by means of straight spline 24 and axle, thereby can do limited axial motion.Determine the oil hydraulic cylinder 76 of variable volume between 9 at belt pulley 8 and axle, and with seal ring 127 with its sealing.

Belt 1 and another belt pulley unit 2 engagements on 5, axle 5 are also and former equally linked to each other with final drive 96.The exterior belt pulley 4 of these unit is installed on the axle 5 by spiral steel ball raceway 22, forms sleeve shape extension part 41 on it, on 3 linear splines mounted thereto 42 of interior belt pulley.Stop in each belt pulley 3 adjacent to each other by sphere on the apparent surface who is installed in axle 5 upper flanges 44 or cylindrical roller raceway 43.Each exterior belt pulley 4 is fixed on the forming ring 89, and forming ring forms being slidingly matched of sealing at 90 places with axle 5.And then also have forming ring 87, and rim forms fixing being sealed and matched with axle 5 in it, and its outer rim is to encircling 89 outward flange 88 formation sealed sliding movingly.So just between

ring

89 and 87, determine the oil hydraulic cylinder 77 of the variable capacity of sealing, wherein be formed with inlet 93.Ring-shaped article 91 forms axle 5 sealing with its internal diameter, and forms encircling the slipper seal of 89 inner edge 129 with its external diameter.Like this, these members and adjacent members are just determined the sealing

fluid cylinder pressure

63 and 64 of reciprocally transfiguration, 64a and 63a.Oil cylinder 63 has the fluid input 94 that forms with 63a on axle 5, oil cylinder 64 also has similar inlet 95 with 64a, forms the outlet passage 68,67 that communicates with oil cylinder 64,64a respectively on the part 91.

Adaptive with it underground is shown among Fig. 5 substantially.By the pipeline (not shown) that in axle 5, forms, pump 30 is by entering the mouth 94 to oil cylinder 63 (with 63a) conveyance fluid, pump 31 95 to oil cylinder 64 (with 64a) conveyance fluid, then respectively through control valve A, B is connected to floss hole 38 from the outlet passage 67,68 of oil cylinder by inlet.As shown in Figure 8, but differential programmed logic is arranged, valve A and B are regulated by the central programmed ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 17 of CVT, make equating with joint efforts by the pressure generation among the pressure among oil cylinder 63 and the 63a or oil cylinder 64 and the 64a, and each role of delegate in belt pulley unit 2 on each belt pulley line shaft to " moment of torsion relevant " component of end load power, with the 3rd control valve 75 pump 30 or another pump 31 also are connected on

oil cylinder

76 and 77 by valve 73 (selecting to transmit pressure the higher person), so that on belt pulley 6, apply suitable belt, belt pulley clamping force.And on belt pulley unit 2, apply the clamping component of line shaft to end load, should be understood that the clamping force on diaxon is identical, and provided by the uniform pressure in the equal areas oil cylinder, because this pressure is not existed by each power institute's balance of spiral steel ball raceway 22 by " moment of torsion control "

oil cylinder

63 and 64 and the remaining force that causes of 64a and 63a.

Be noted that in axle 9, should comprise a hydraulic channel in case by inlet 83 from valve 75 to oil cylinder 76 feed flows, although in axle 5, must there be many other passages to come to illustrated many apertures and passage feed flow.Because in fact axle 5 two ends all do not exist obstacle, to compare easily and be connected so be connected to spools 9 on prime mover 50 near hydraulic pressure with an end, this will be its unique advantage.

Claims

1. a band and the stepless change of belt wheel formula are than transmission (CVT), it comprises control gear (17) and the speed ratio shift parts (" speed changer ") of being handled (by pedal 18) by driver or other operator, speed changer comprises that at least one drives the band spare (1) that contacts with two belt pulley unit (2,6), the belt pulley unit has parallel alternate rotation axis and common radial plane is arranged basically, and wherein each belt pulley unit comprises shaft device (5,9) and two belt pulleys (3,4 mounted thereto; 7,8), axially spaced-apart between belt pulley is changeable, using the contact radius that changes between band and the belt pulley unit changes, thereby change velocity ratio, wherein also has the Torque sensor connection set (21,22) between at least one belt pulley unit and its shaft device, it can make axial unit/shaft device produce the power of the function of the size of the moment of torsion that is transmitting as belt unit and direction, and deceleration loading device (30,15,25,36,39 wherein; 31,16,26,37,39) follow loading force to act on the belt pulley unit to promote their belt pulley, it is characterized in that: by the power input of a certain shaft device in the diaxon speed changer, by means of the Torque sensor connection set, make the axially spaced-apart of the belt pulley of the unit on this shaft device be tending towards at interval increasing with respect to the belt pulley of corresponding units on another shaft device.

2. the CVT described in claim 1 is characterized in that, the Torque sensor connection set allows to have between belt pulley and shaft device and comprises axially and the relative movement of rotative component.

3. the CVT described in claim 2 is characterized in that, the Torque sensor connection set comprises the parts that normally form by helical trajectory.

4. the CVT described in claim 3 is characterized in that, the Torque sensor connection set is the ball screw formula.

5. the CVT described in claim 1 is characterized in that, the connection of two belt pulleys of belt pulley unit can be rotated but motion to axial that can be limited them together.

6. the CVT described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the installation of two belt pulleys of belt pulley unit can be moved it with respect to the existing axial torque responsive that rotation is also arranged of their shaft device, and be mutually mirror shape ground and realize this motion, thereby the contact radius of they and strap-like member is changed.

7. the CVT described in claim 1 is characterized in that, loading force is that hydraulic pressure produces.

8. by the CVT described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise to two belt pulleys of the belt pulley unit that exceeds preset limit axially near or leave the device that responds, by increasing or reduce its thrust load that produces respectively balance this near or separate.

9. the CVT described in claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises preventing to make belt pulley unlikely axially separately excessive with the mechanical device of part from the internal diameter disengagement of belt pulley unit.

10. the CVT described in claim 9 is characterized in that, the ring-shaped article of this mechanical device on the shaft device that is installed in rotation on this belt pulley unit between the belt pulley.

11. the CVT described in claim 1 is characterized in that, the band part is a belt.

12. the CVT described in claim 1 is characterized in that, the band part is a chain.

13. the CVT described in claim 1 is characterized in that, the operating mode that is suitable for reversing is at least two, and one of them power carries out recirculation by speed changer at least, becomes " neutral " speed ratio.

14. the CVT described in claim 1 is characterized in that, loading force comprises and the reaction (" clamping ") of belt pulley/band and the 1st and the 2nd relevant respectively component of moment of torsion of belt pulley unit.

15. the CVT described in claim 14 is characterized in that, the size of loading force the 2nd component is the function that the manipulator requires.

16. the CVT described in claim 15 is characterized in that, the size of the 1st component of loading force also is the function that the manipulator requires.

17. the CVT described in claim 14 is characterized in that, when axial unit/shaft device power equals the 2nd component of loading force and when the opposite direction of loading force acted on the belt pulley unit, this transmission gear ratio reached equilibrium value.

18. the CVT described in claim 7, it is characterized in that, at least the device that produces the part loading force is connected with at least two belt pulley unit so that their pressure equates, and make the liter of the flow quantity in one of them or fall with another one in fall accordingly or rise consistent.

19. the CVT described in claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises prime mover that axle links to each other with speed changer, and can be enclosed in any Torque sensor connection set in the 2nd transmission shaft.

20. the CVT described in claim 19, it is characterized in that, putting on the loading force that the 2nd of speed changer go up on any belt pulley unit is to be produced by the hydraulic pressure installation that is installed on this, and the fluid line that links to each other with these devices be in the shaft device on this formation and in this shaft device from their corresponding device thereof to two axial directions extensions.

21. the CVT described in claim 13, it is characterized in that, comprise and to make this CVT work in driven shaft, gear and clutch device more than a kind of " operating mode ", wherein driven shaft can by one in the speed changer rotatingshaft replace, gear and engaging and disengaging gear are then installed coaxially with this driven shaft.

22. the CVT described in claim 1 is characterized in that, with more than 1 belt in two between centers transmitting tractive power, and the device of moment of torsion on each belt of balance is set.

23. the CVT described in claim 14, it is characterized in that, use power source separately produces the loading force to the belt pulley unit on two transmission shafts, the 1st power source provides the 1st component and provides the 2nd component at least one unit that is fitted on the 2nd transmission shaft at least one unit that is fitted on the 1st transmission shaft, for the 2nd power source then antithesis.