CN113782286B - Surface trigger type controllable lightning arrester composed of surface trigger type overvoltage control switch and zinc oxide lightning arrester - Google Patents
Surface trigger type controllable lightning arrester composed of surface trigger type overvoltage control switch and zinc oxide lightning arrester Download PDFInfo
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- H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
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Abstract
A surface triggering type controllable lightning arrester with a surface triggering type overvoltage control switch and a zinc oxide lightning arrester comprises the zinc oxide lightning arrester, wherein the zinc oxide lightning arrester comprises a fixed lightning arrester and a controllable lightning arrester which are connected in series; the upper electrode of the fixed lightning arrester is connected with the upper end of protected electric equipment which is connected with the zinc oxide lightning arrester in parallel, and the lower electrode of the controllable lightning arrester is connected with the lower end of the protected lightning arrester; the controllable lightning arrester is connected with the surface trigger type overvoltage control switch in parallel; an automatic energy coupling trigger circuit is connected between the controllable lightning arrester and the surface trigger type overvoltage control switch; the surface trigger type overvoltage control switch connected with the controllable lightning arrester in parallel has the remarkable characteristics of higher alternating current and direct current withstand voltage, lower impact breakdown voltage, quick overvoltage response speed, good matching with the whole lightning arrester and the like, can remarkably improve the volt-ampere characteristic of the whole lightning arrester, and limits the level of lightning and operation overvoltage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of arresters, relates to a trigger type controllable arrester, and particularly relates to a surface trigger type controllable arrester consisting of a surface trigger type overvoltage control switch and a zinc oxide arrester.
Technical Field
Overvoltage protection is an important guarantee for the safe operation of a power system. As the voltage class of power transmission and distribution networks increases, the overvoltage level directly affects the type selection, manufacturing technology and engineering cost of power equipment, wherein the operating overvoltage is the determining factor of the insulation level of the power system. Meanwhile, the protection level of the lightning overvoltage is also a main performance evaluation index of the lightning arrester, and the lightning arrester plays a decisive role in the insulation level of the power equipment. Due to the restriction of the technical performance of the zinc oxide arrester, the level of system operation overvoltage is generally limited in the existing extra-high voltage line through the combined action of the conventional arrester and the breaker with the closing resistor, but the breaker with the closing resistor has the defects of structural load, low operation reliability, poor economical efficiency and the like. Therefore, many researchers have proposed the concept of a controllable lightning arrester based on a switch, and have obtained a wide range of engineering applications in the field of electric power.
The control gap in the composite arrester is the uncontrollable gap which is used for the earliest time, the controllable part is realized by the self-breakdown of the parallel gap, but the known defect that the lightning can not be limited or the overvoltage can not be exceeded exists due to the working dispersity of the self-breakdown gap; in the 90 s of the 20 th century, researchers in the united states put forward that a thyristor switch is introduced into a controllable lightning arrester, high-voltage tolerance is realized through the series combination of a plurality of thyristors, the technical problem of quick response and accurate control of the operation of the controllable lightning arrester is solved through the controllable turn-off of the thyristors, and the accurate control of the volt-ampere characteristic of the lightning arrester can be realized in principle. There are, however, two serious drawbacks: (1) due to the limitation of thyristor voltage, a plurality of thyristors are required to be connected in series under the high-voltage condition, and the technical problem of synchronous triggering needs to be solved; (2) since the thyristor is limited by its voltage change rate dU/dt and current change rate dI/dt, additional voltage and current limiting measures are required to protect it, increasing the complexity of overvoltage protection, and also having a relatively large effect on the voltage distribution of the arrester. With the development requirements of electric power, high-speed information railway and the like, higher requirements are put forward on a controllable lightning arrester, and the requirements mainly comprise the following steps: (1) The control gap has higher direct current/alternating current withstand voltage to ensure that the working state of the lightning arrester is not influenced under normal conditions, but has lower pulse breakdown voltage to ensure that the lightning arrester can be conducted as soon as possible under the conditions of lightning overvoltage or operation overvoltage, so that the controllable part of the lightning arrester is short-circuited, and the volt-ampere characteristic of the whole lightning arrester is improved. (2) The trigger control circuit for controlling the gap needs to automatically couple the energy of the lightning overvoltage or the operation overvoltage, and the energy of the lightning overvoltage or the operation overvoltage is not enough to cause the damage and the destruction of the trigger circuit coupled with the overvoltage control switch.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and provides a surface-triggered controllable lightning arrester, which has the significant features of high ac/dc withstand voltage, low breakdown voltage, fast overvoltage response speed, and good matching with the whole lightning arrester, and can significantly improve the current-voltage characteristics of the whole lightning arrester, and limit the levels of lightning and operating overvoltage, and which is composed of a surface-triggered overvoltage control switch and a zinc oxide lightning arrester having a fixed part and a controllable part, and a zinc oxide lightning arrester.
The voltage-current characteristic of the whole lightning arrester is obviously improved, and the level of lightning and operation overvoltage is limited.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the device comprises a zinc oxide arrester and a surface trigger type overvoltage control switch, wherein the zinc oxide arrester comprises a fixed arrester and a controllable arrester which are connected in series, and the controllable arrester is connected with the surface trigger type overvoltage control switch in parallel; the upper electrode of the fixed lightning arrester is connected with the upper end of the protected power equipment, and the lower electrode of the controllable lightning arrester is connected with the lower end of the protected power equipment;
the surface trigger type overvoltage control switch is a trigger type surface discharge overvoltage control switch with an annular trigger electrode, and comprises an upper insulating shell, a lower insulating shell, an upper end flange and a lower end flange, wherein the air pressure formed by the upper insulating shell, the lower insulating shell, the upper end flange and the lower end flange is 10 0 ～10 3 Or 10 4 ～5×10 5 Pa, or a vacuum degree of 10 -1 ～10 -5 Pa vacuum sealed cavity, upper and lower electrodes installed on upper and lower flanges via upper and lower guide rods, and lower electrode with contact diameter not larger than that of the upper electrode, discharge gap between the upper and lower electrodes, annular trigger electrode installed around the lower electrode between the upper and lower insulating casings and with one extended connecting terminal for connecting lightning induced overvoltage or lightning energy from the operation overvoltage coupled via active coupling trigger circuit, annular surface discharge insulating medium material installed between the annular trigger electrode and the lower electrode, and surface discharge trigger composed of the annular trigger electrode, the annular surface discharge insulating medium material and the lower electrode, the annular trigger electrode being in tight contact with the annular surface discharge insulating medium material, and the annular surface discharge insulating medium material being in tight contact with the lower electrodeThe upper surfaces of the insulating dielectric material and the annular trigger electrode are not higher than the upper surface of the lower electrode, and an arc shielding cover is arranged in the upper insulating shell around the upper electrode and the lower electrode;
an automatic energy coupling trigger circuit is connected between the controllable lightning arrester and the surface trigger type overvoltage control switch; the automatic energy coupling trigger circuit is a two-port network circuit, the upper end and the lower end of an input port of the automatic energy coupling trigger circuit are respectively connected with the controllable lightning arrester and the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the surface triggering type overvoltage control switch, and an output port of the automatic energy coupling trigger circuit is connected with the annular trigger electrode of the surface triggering type overvoltage control switch.
The upper surface of the annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material and the upper surface of the lower electrode are on the same horizontal plane or 1-5 mm lower than the upper surface of the lower electrode.
The upper surface of the annular trigger electrode is lower than the upper surface of the lower electrode, and the upper surface of the surface discharge insulating dielectric material and the upper surface of the annular trigger electrode are on the same horizontal plane or 1-3 mm lower than the upper surface of the annular trigger electrode.
The annular trigger electrode is arranged at the joint of the upper insulating shell and the lower insulating shell, and the thickness of the annular trigger electrode is 3-5mm.
The annular surface discharge insulating medium material is made of polytetrafluoroethylene with the ring width of 5-15mm, a semiconductor or a ceramic material.
The inner ring of the annular trigger electrode covers the upper surface of the annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material, and the size of the covering annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material is 2-5 mm.
The electric arc shielding cover is made of oxygen-free copper.
The fixed lightning arrester and the controllable lightning arrester are formed by serially connecting a plurality of zinc oxide nonlinear resistance discs, the fixed lightning arrester and the controllable lightning arrester are fixedly installed in an insulating sleeve through insulating filling glue, upper and lower electrodes of the lightning arrester, which are electrically connected with the serially connected resistance discs through upper and lower flanges of the lightning arrester, are arranged on the upper and lower ends of the serially connected resistance discs, an outer insulating umbrella skirt is installed on the outer side of the serially connected resistance discs, and the number of the resistance discs of the controllable lightning arrester is less than that of the fixed lightning arrester.
The number of the zinc oxide resistance cards in the controllable lightning arrester is 15-30% of the number of the zinc oxide resistance cards in the fixed lightning arrester.
The automatic energy coupling trigger circuit comprises an energy coupling unit consisting of two coupling capacitors, wherein one coupling capacitor is connected with a boosting pulse transformer in parallel, and an isolation gap is arranged between the boosting pulse transformer and the coupling capacitor connected in parallel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the surface trigger type overvoltage control switch has the remarkable characteristics of higher alternating current and direct current withstand voltage, lower impact breakdown voltage, quick overvoltage response speed, good matching with the whole lightning arrester and the like, can remarkably improve the volt-ampere characteristic of the whole lightning arrester, and limits the level of lightning and operation overvoltage;
the surface-triggered overvoltage control switch is sealed in the air or vacuum environment, so that the surface-triggered overvoltage control switch has excellent working stability and is not influenced by external environmental factors, and therefore, the controllable lightning arrester can break through the limitations of the voltage change rate dU/dt and the current change rate dI/dt at two ends of a thyristor in the existing thyristor controllable lightning arrester, and obviously improve the volt-ampere characteristic of the overvoltage protection of the whole lightning arrester, so that the surface-triggered overvoltage control switch has excellent overvoltage protection characteristic;
meanwhile, the medium of the surface-triggered overvoltage control switch has excellent recovery characteristic of the insulating medium after arc, so the controllable lightning arrester can be used for overvoltage protection of power transmission and distribution and similar application occasions, and is particularly suitable for occasions with specific requirements on subsequent alternating current and direct current inhibition capability;
furthermore, an automatic energy coupling trigger circuit is connected between the controllable lightning arrester and the surface trigger type overvoltage control switch, under the action of lightning overvoltage or operation overvoltage, the voltage on the coupling capacitor enables the isolation gap to be conducted, pulse voltage is induced at two ends of the primary side of the pulse transformer due to the passing of pulse current, and the pulse voltage is amplified by the pulse transformer and then provides enough trigger voltage for the trigger type overvoltage control switch, so that the conduction speed of the trigger type overvoltage control switch is accelerated, and the trigger type overvoltage control switch has better overvoltage protection performance than a non-trigger type electrode two-pole discharge gap.
The alternating current or direct current breakdown voltage U of the surface-triggered overvoltage control switch gap Reference voltage U obviously higher than controllable part of lightning arrester cref Ratio of the two U gap /U cref The voltage ratio of the impact breakdown voltage to the direct current breakdown voltage of the surface trigger type overvoltage control switch is controlled within the range of 1.0-1.5, even 0.8-1.2. Under normal operating condition, surface trigger type overvoltage control switch can not cause the influence to the operating condition of the controllable part of arrester, when to operation overvoltage and thunder and lightning overvoltage, surface trigger type overvoltage control switch switches on rapidly, and the controllable part of short circuit arrester has effectively improved the volt-ampere characteristic of the controllable arrester of initiative surface trigger type, restriction thunder and the level of operation overvoltage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an overall schematic view of another configuration of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the surface-triggered overvoltage control switch of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the surface-triggered overvoltage control switch of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the zinc oxide arrester unit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an automatic energy coupling trigger circuit of the surface-triggered overvoltage control switch according to the present invention.
The meaning of the individual reference symbols in the figures is: 1-upper insulating shell, 2-lower insulating shell, 3-upper electrode, 4-lower electrode, 5-upper end flange, 6-lower end flange, 7-annular trigger electrode, 8-annular surface discharge insulating medium material, 9-arc shielding cover, 10-upper guide rod, 11-lower guide rod, 12-closed cavity, a plurality of zinc oxide nonlinear resistance sheets 15, insulating filling glue 16, upper and lower flanges 18, 19 of lightning arrester, upper and lower electrodes 13, 17 of lightning arrester, and outer insulating umbrella skirt 14.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention is explained in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a surface-triggered controllable lightning arrester comprising a surface-triggered overvoltage control switch and a zinc oxide lightning arrester, comprising a zinc oxide lightning arrester and a surface-triggered overvoltage control switch, wherein the zinc oxide lightning arrester comprises a fixed lightning arrester and a controllable lightning arrester which are connected in series; the controllable lightning arrester is connected with the surface trigger type overvoltage control switch in parallel; the upper electrode of the fixed arrester is connected with the upper end of the protected power equipment, and the lower electrode of the controllable arrester is connected with the lower end of the protected power equipment;
the surface trigger type overvoltage control switch is a trigger type surface discharge overvoltage control switch with a ring-shaped trigger electrode, and comprises an upper insulating shell 1, a lower insulating shell 2, an upper end flange 5 and a lower end flange 6, wherein the air pressure formed by the upper insulating shell 1, the lower insulating shell 2, the upper end flange 5 and the lower end flange 6 is 10 0 ～10 3 Or 10 4 ～5×10 5 Pa of a closed chamber 12 or a vacuum degree of 10 -1 ～10 -5 Pa, an upper electrode 3 and a lower electrode 4 which are arranged on upper and lower end flanges 5 and 6 through upper and lower guide rods 10 and 11 are arranged in the sealed cavity 12, the contact diameter of the lower electrode 4 is not more than that of the upper electrode 3, a discharge gap is formed between the upper electrode 3 and the lower electrode 4, an annular trigger electrode 7 with the thickness of 3-5mm is arranged around the lower electrode 4 between the upper insulating shell 1 and the lower insulating shell 2, the annular trigger electrode 7 is provided with a protruded connecting terminal for connecting lightning induced overvoltage or lightning energy coupled by an active coupling trigger circuit,
an annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material 8 which has an insulating and isolating effect and is made of polytetrafluoroethylene with an annular width of 5-15mm, a semiconductor or a ceramic material is arranged between the annular trigger electrode 7 and the lower electrode 4, the annular trigger electrode 7, the annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material 8 and the lower electrode 4 form a surface discharge trigger of the active overvoltage control switch, the annular trigger electrode 7 is in close contact with the annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material 8, the inner ring of the annular trigger electrode 7 covers the upper surface of the annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material 8, the size of the covered annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material 8 is 2-5 mm, the upper surfaces of the annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material 8 and the annular trigger electrode 7 are not higher than the upper surface of the lower electrode 4, and the upper surface of the annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material 8 and the upper surface of the lower electrode 4 are on the same horizontal plane or are 1-5 mm lower than the upper surface of the lower electrode 4; the upper surface of the annular trigger electrode 7 is lower than the upper surface of the lower electrode 4, and the upper surface of the surface discharge insulating dielectric material 8 and the upper surface of the annular trigger electrode 7 are on the same horizontal plane or are 1-3 mm lower than the upper surface of the annular trigger electrode 7. Meanwhile, an arc shielding cover 9 which can prevent metal vapor from diffusing and depositing on the insulating closed shells 1 and 2 and cause short circuit of the upper electrode 3 and the lower electrode 4 and is made of oxygen-free copper is arranged in the upper insulating shell 1 around the upper electrode 3 and the lower electrode 4;
referring to fig. 1, an automatic energy coupling trigger circuit is connected between a controllable lightning arrester and a surface trigger type overvoltage control switch; the automatic energy coupling trigger circuit is a two-port network circuit, the upper end and the lower end of an input port of the automatic energy coupling trigger circuit are respectively connected with the controllable lightning arrester and the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the surface triggering type overvoltage control switch, and an output port of the automatic energy coupling trigger circuit is connected with the annular trigger electrode 7 of the surface triggering type overvoltage control switch.
Referring to fig. 5, the fixed lightning arrester and the controllable lightning arrester of the invention are both formed by connecting a plurality of zinc oxide nonlinear resistance sheets 15 in series, the fixed lightning arrester and the controllable lightning arrester are fixedly installed in an insulating sleeve through insulating filling glue 16, the upper end and the lower end of each resistance sheet 15 connected in series are respectively provided with an upper electrode 13 and a lower electrode 17 of the lightning arrester, which are electrically connected with the resistance sheets 15 connected in series through upper flanges 18 and lower flanges 19 of the lightning arrester, the outer sides of the resistance sheets connected in series are provided with outer insulating umbrella skirts 14, and the number of the zinc oxide resistance sheets in the controllable lightning arrester is 15-30% of the number of the zinc oxide resistance sheets in the fixed lightning arrester.
Referring to fig. 6, the automatic energy coupling trigger circuit includes a lightning overvoltage or operation overvoltage energy coupling unit composed of two coupling capacitors C1 and C2, under the action of the lightning overvoltage or operation overvoltage, the voltage on the second coupling capacitor C2 makes the isolation gap conduct, pulse voltage is induced at two ends of the primary side of the pulse transformer T due to the passing of pulse current, sufficient trigger voltage is provided for the trigger overvoltage control switch after being amplified by the pulse transformer T (step-up transformer), the conduction speed of the trigger overvoltage control switch is accelerated, so that the trigger overvoltage control switch has better overvoltage protection performance than the passive (non-contact electrode) bipolar discharge gap, and the ratio of the pulse breakdown voltage to the direct current breakdown voltage of the surface discharge trigger gas overvoltage control switch can be regulated to be close to 1 or even less than 1.
The pressure of the vacuum sealed chamber 12 is 10 -1 ～10 -5 Pa, the vacuum environment makes the controllable arrester not receive external influence, and has avoided the controllable arrester of current thyristor to receive the restriction of voltage change rate dU/dt and current change rate dI/dt, is showing and has improved the volt-ampere characteristic of arrester, and the vacuum medium has good pulse arc insulation recovery characteristic again simultaneously, has promoted the security and the stability of controllable arrester operation greatly.
The contact is arranged at the end parts of the upper electrode 3 and the lower electrode 4, a discharge gap is arranged between the contacts, the contact diameter of the lower electrode is not more than that of the upper electrode, and the electrode contacts are used for accelerating the conduction speed of the trigger type overvoltage control switch, so that the trigger type overvoltage control switch has better overvoltage protection performance than a passive type bipolar discharge gap.
The upper surface of the surface discharge insulating ring 8 is not higher than the upper surface of the annular trigger electrode 7, and the contact surface of the lower electrode 4 is not lower than the surface discharge insulating ring 8 and the annular trigger electrode 7; as shown in fig. 2, the upper surfaces of the annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material 8, the annular trigger electrode 7 and the lower electrode 4 are on the same horizontal plane;
as shown in fig. 4, the upper surface of the annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material 8 is 1mm to 5mm lower than the upper surface of the lower electrode 4, the upper surface of the annular trigger electrode 7 is lower than the upper surface of the lower electrode 4, the upper surface of the surface discharge insulating dielectric material 8 is 1mm to 3mm lower than the upper surface of the annular trigger electrode 7, the inner ring of the annular trigger electrode 7 covers the upper surface of the annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material 8, and the size of the covering annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material 8 is 2 mm to 5mm.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
under the normal working condition, the surface-triggered overvoltage control switch is in a high-resistance insulation state, and the fixed lightning arrester and the controllable lightning arrester bear alternating current or direct current high voltage together, so that the working chargeability of the whole lightning arrester is low, the leakage current is small, and the heating and performance degradation caused by long-term leakage of the lightning arrester can be avoided;
when lightning overvoltage and operation overvoltage occur, the surface trigger type overvoltage control switch automatically acts to short-circuit the controllable lightning arrester, so that the operation overvoltage or the impact residual voltage is obviously reduced to the impact residual voltage value of the fixed lightning arrester;
the surface trigger type overvoltage control switch adopts a trigger mode of surface discharge of an annular insulating medium material, and an automatic energy coupling trigger circuit of the trigger type overvoltage control switch can actively couple lightning overvoltage and operation overvoltage in a transmission and distribution network, so that the purpose of limiting overvoltage amplitude values at two ends of the whole lightning arrester is achieved.
Under the action of the lightning overvoltage or the operation overvoltage, the voltage on the coupling capacitor enables the isolation gap to be conducted, pulse voltage is induced at two ends due to the passing of pulse current in the primary side of the boost pulse transformer, the boost pulse transformer provides enough trigger voltage for the trigger overvoltage control switch after amplification, the conduction speed of the trigger overvoltage control switch is accelerated, the trigger overvoltage control switch has better overvoltage protection performance than the two-pole discharge gap of a non-contact power generation electrode, and the ratio of the pulse breakdown voltage to the direct-current breakdown voltage of the surface discharge trigger overvoltage control switch can be regulated to be close to 1 or even less than 1.
Because the trigger type overvoltage control switch of the controllable lightning arrester works in the closed air or vacuum environment and is not influenced by the external environment, the existing thyristor controllable lightning arrester is prevented from being limited by the voltage change rate dU/dt and the current change rate dI/dt, the volt-ampere characteristic of the lightning arrester is obviously improved, and meanwhile, the vacuum medium has the excellent pulse arc insulation recovery characteristic, and the safety and the stability of the operation of the controllable lightning arrester are greatly improved.
Claims (10)
1. A surface triggering type controllable lightning arrester composed of a surface triggering type overvoltage control switch and a zinc oxide lightning arrester is characterized by comprising the zinc oxide lightning arrester and the surface triggering type overvoltage control switch, wherein the zinc oxide lightning arrester comprises a fixed lightning arrester and a controllable lightning arrester which are connected in series, and the controllable lightning arrester is connected with the surface triggering type overvoltage control switch in parallel; the upper electrode of the fixed lightning arrester is connected with the upper end of the protected power equipment, and the lower electrode of the controllable lightning arrester is connected with the lower end of the protected power equipment;
the surface trigger type overvoltage control switch is a trigger type surface discharge overvoltage control switch with an annular trigger electrode and comprises an upper insulating shell (1), a lower insulating shell (2), an upper end flange (5) and a lower end flange (6), wherein the air pressure formed by the upper insulating shell, the lower insulating shell, the upper end flange and the lower end flange is 10 0 ～10 3 Or 10 4 ～5×10 5 Pa, a closed chamber (12) or a vacuum degree of 10 -1 ～10 -5 Pa vacuum sealed cavity (12), wherein an upper electrode (3) and a lower electrode (4) which are arranged on upper and lower end flanges (5, 6) through upper and lower guide rods (10, 11) are arranged in the sealed cavity (12), the contact diameter of the lower electrode (4) is not more than that of the upper electrode (3), a discharge gap is formed between the upper electrode (3) and the lower electrode (4), an annular trigger electrode (7) is arranged around the lower electrode (4) between an upper insulating shell (1) and a lower insulating shell (2), the annular trigger electrode (7) is provided with a connecting terminal which extends out and is used for connecting lightning induced overvoltage or lightning operation overvoltage coupled through an active coupling trigger circuit, an annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material (8) with an insulating and isolating function is arranged between the annular trigger electrode (7) and the lower electrode (4), and the annular trigger electrode (7), the annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material (8) and the lower electrode (4) form a surface discharge trigger of the active overvoltage control switchThe annular trigger electrode (7) is in close contact with the annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material (8), the upper surfaces of the annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material (8) and the annular trigger electrode (7) are not higher than the upper surface of the lower electrode (4), and an arc shielding cover (9) is arranged in the upper insulating shell (1) around the upper electrode (3) and the lower electrode (4);
an automatic energy coupling trigger circuit is connected between the controllable lightning arrester and the surface trigger type overvoltage control switch; the automatic energy coupling trigger circuit is a two-port network circuit, the upper end and the lower end of an input port of the automatic energy coupling trigger circuit are respectively connected with the controllable lightning arrester and the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the surface triggering type overvoltage control switch, and an output port of the automatic energy coupling trigger circuit is connected with an annular trigger electrode (7) of the surface triggering type overvoltage control switch.
2. The surface-triggered controllable arrester of claim 1, wherein the surface-triggered controllable arrester comprises a zinc oxide arrester and a surface-triggered overvoltage control switch, and the surface-triggered controllable arrester comprises: the upper surface of the annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material (8) and the upper surface of the lower electrode (4) are on the same horizontal plane or 1-5 mm lower than the upper surface of the lower electrode (4).
3. The surface-triggered controllable arrester of claim 1, which comprises a surface-triggered overvoltage control switch and a zinc oxide arrester, wherein: the upper surface of the annular trigger electrode (7) is lower than the upper surface of the lower electrode (4), and the upper surface of the surface discharge insulating dielectric material (8) and the upper surface of the annular trigger electrode (7) are in the same horizontal plane or are 1-3 mm lower than the upper surface of the annular trigger electrode (7).
4. The surface-triggered controllable arrester of claim 1, which comprises a surface-triggered overvoltage control switch and a zinc oxide arrester, wherein: the annular trigger electrode (7) is arranged at the joint of the upper and lower insulating shells (1, 2), and the thickness of the annular trigger electrode is 3-5mm.
5. The surface-triggered controllable arrester of claim 1, wherein the surface-triggered controllable arrester comprises a zinc oxide arrester and a surface-triggered overvoltage control switch, and the surface-triggered controllable arrester comprises: the annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material (8) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene with the annular width of 5-15mm, a semiconductor or a ceramic material.
6. The surface-triggered controllable arrester of claim 1, wherein the surface-triggered controllable arrester comprises a zinc oxide arrester and a surface-triggered overvoltage control switch, and the surface-triggered controllable arrester comprises: the inner ring of the annular trigger electrode (7) covers the upper surface of the annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material (8), and the size of the covering annular surface discharge insulating dielectric material (8) is 2-5 mm.
7. The surface-triggered controllable arrester of claim 1, which comprises a surface-triggered overvoltage control switch and a zinc oxide arrester, wherein: the electric arc shielding cover (9) is made of oxygen-free copper.
8. The surface-triggered controllable arrester comprising a surface-triggered overvoltage control switch and a zinc oxide arrester according to claim 1, wherein the fixed arrester and the controllable arrester are both formed by connecting a plurality of zinc oxide nonlinear resistor discs (15) in series, and are fixedly installed in an insulating sleeve through insulating filling glue (16), upper and lower ends of the resistor discs (15) connected in series are respectively provided with upper and lower electrodes (13, 17) of the arrester, which are electrically connected with the resistor discs (15) connected in series through upper and lower flanges (18, 19) of the arrester, outer insulating umbrella skirts (14) are installed on outer sides of the resistor discs connected in series, and the number of the resistor discs of the controllable arrester is less than that of the resistor discs of the fixed arrester.
9. The surface-triggered controllable lightning arrester comprising the surface-triggered overvoltage control switch and the zinc oxide lightning arrester according to claim 8, wherein the number of the zinc oxide resistor discs in the controllable lightning arrester is 15-30% of the number of the zinc oxide resistor discs in the fixed lightning arrester.
10. The surface-triggered controllable arrester comprising a surface-triggered overvoltage control switch and a zinc oxide arrester as claimed in claim 1, wherein said automatic energy coupling trigger circuit comprises an energy coupling unit consisting of two coupling capacitors, one of which is connected in parallel with a step-up pulse transformer, and an isolation gap is provided between the step-up pulse transformer and the coupling capacitor connected in parallel therewith.
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| CN204190376U (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-03-04 | 东莞市新铂铼电子有限公司 | Preionization multi-clearance ceramet gas discharge tube overvoltage protection |
| CN107743031B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2019-08-13 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of laser triggering multi-stage vacuum switch |
| CN109038222B (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2019-11-12 | 华格电子（昆山）有限公司 | There is the active overvoltage protection gap of plug function under vacuum environment |
| CN109038221B (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2019-11-08 | 华格电子（昆山）有限公司 | There is the active overvoltage protection gap of plug function under gaseous environment |
| CN110098564A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-08-06 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of band external series gap lightning arrester and lightning protection system |
| RU2735091C1 (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2020-10-28 | Акционерное общество "НПО "Стример" | Arrester with protective spark gap |
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2021
- 2021-07-22 CN CN202110828651.XA patent/CN113782286B/en active Active
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