CN113779817A - Method for analyzing reference stability of measurement control network - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for analyzing the reference stability of a measurement control network. The method comprises the following steps: counting the poor baseline; step two: calculating a poor nominal median error; step three: calculating poor baseline standardization; step four: constructing a test statistic; step five: performing hypothesis testing, and judging the stability of the station; step six: determining a standard for adjustment calculation by combining the net type; analyzing, measuring and controlling the net shape, selecting 2-4 measuring stations from the stable measuring stations obtained in the above steps as calculation references, and carrying out subsequent adjustment processing. The invention overcomes the problems that the existing calculation reference stability analysis method in the engineering control network construction method based on relative measurement seriously depends on experience and prior information, has strong contingency, non-strict theory, unreliable result, easy error of analysis conclusion and the like; the method has the advantages of strict theory, wide adaptability, strong operability and high reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for analyzing the reference stability of a measurement control network, in particular to a method for analyzing the calculation reference stability in the data processing of the measurement control network.
Background
The construction of the measurement control network is a pilot project in engineering project investigation, design, construction and operation and maintenance stages; according to the requirements of relevant specifications, the measurement control network needs to be retested regularly to ensure the precision and the situation of the control result; according to different measurement principles, engineering control network measurement can be divided into a method based on absolute measurement and a method based on relative measurement; methods based on absolute measurement generally refer to GNSS Precision Point Positioning (PPP), including post-processing PPP and real-time PPP; PPP measurement is based on products such as a GNSS system precise ephemeris and a precise clock error, real-time/post absolute positioning of a control point is realized, a control result is obtained without adjustment resolving, but the problems of complex data processing model, long convergence time, few available data processing platforms and the like exist, and the PPP measurement is generally used in the field of scientific research at present; the relative measurement-based method generally refers to a traditional corner measurement method, GNSS relative positioning measurement and the like, and a control result is obtained by observing a baseline, side length, angle and the like among control points and performing adjustment processing; the control network construction method based on relative measurement has a series of advantages of high precision, simple data processing model, mature data processing platform and the like, is a main method for the construction of the control network at present, but has strict requirements on starting calculation standards in the adjustment process, the starting calculation standards are incompatible, or the starting calculation standards are deformed, so that a standard error is propagated to a control point result to obtain an incorrect deformation conclusion;
the traditional measuring reference stability analysis method comprises an adding point method, a subtracting point method and the like; taking a point adding method as an example, firstly selecting 2 starting calculation reference points by combining experience and prior information to carry out adjustment calculation, repeatedly and iteratively eliminating unstable measuring stations according to deformation conclusions in the first period and the second period and errors in point positions to obtain a stable point group, determining the starting calculation reference by comprehensively considering a network type, and re-executing the adjustment calculation to obtain a final result; the method depends heavily on the stability of the first reference point, if the first reference point is not properly selected or deformation control points in the network are more, wrong reference stability analysis conclusion is easily caused, the problems of strong contingency, unreliability of theory, unreliable achievement and the like exist, the method becomes a restriction factor of measurement control network construction, the safety and reliability of engineering construction are influenced, a measurement control network reference stability analysis method with strict theory, high reliability and strong operability is urgently needed to be provided, and the urgent requirements of the engineering construction on the precision and reliability of the measurement control network are met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for analyzing the reference stability of a measurement control network, which has the advantages of strict theory, wide adaptability, strong operability and high reliability; the problems that the existing calculation reference stability analysis method in the engineering control network construction method based on relative measurement seriously depends on experience and prior information, has strong contingency, rigorous theory, unreliable result, easy error analysis conclusion and the like are solved; the invention aims at a stability analysis method of a starting point, and stability analysis of other reference points is carried out after the starting point is determined to be stable; the problem that the existing deformation monitoring network directly considers that the starting point is stable and does not consider whether the starting point is compatible or not is solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for analyzing the reference stability of a measurement control network is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
the method comprises the following steps: counting the poor baseline;
counting the difference between all the base length and the early-stage base length formed by the current stage of the testing station to be tested and other testing stations at the periphery;
step two: calculating a poor nominal median error;
calculating the error in the poor nominal according to the equipment parameters, and calculating the poor baseline standardization in the third step;
step three: calculating poor baseline standardization;
the poor normalization processing of the base line is adopted to obtain the poor standardization of the base line;
step four: constructing a test statistic;
constructing test statistics for the hypothesis test of step five;
step five: performing hypothesis testing, and judging the stability of the station;
according to the level of significance
=0.05 bilateral hypothesis test;
if it is
If so, rejecting the original hypothesis, and considering that the standard baseline of the measuring station is poor and does not meet the standard normal distribution, namely the measuring station is not a stable measuring station; otherwise, the station is considered to be stable and can be used as a starting calculation reference to enter the next step;
if the test result of the method does not meet the actual condition, the following method is adopted to carry out mutual check between the two methods. Firstly, calculating a stability index of the measuring station, iteratively judging the stability of the measuring station according to the stability index of the measuring station, determining the stable measuring station, and entering the next step;
step six: determining a standard for adjustment calculation by combining the net shape;
analyzing, measuring and controlling the net shape, selecting 2-4 measuring stations capable of controlling the whole net from the stable measuring stations obtained in the above steps as a calculation reference, and carrying out subsequent adjustment processing.
In the above technical solution, in the step two, the error in the poor nominal is calculated, which specifically includes the following steps,
calculating the poor nominal mean error of each base line according to the nominal precision and the length of the base line of the adopted equipment; the nominal median error with a poor baseline is calculated according to the law of error propagation:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
indicating a poor nominal mean error for the ith baseline;
error in the single baseline nominal is indicated; common use of error in single baseline normalization
Is shown in the form of (1), wherein
Referred to as the fixed error, is,
known as the proportional error (
May be found in the device description document).
In the above technical solution, in step three, the difference between the front and back phases of each baseline is divided by the error in the corresponding nominal value, which is called baseline difference normalization processing, and the result is called baseline poor normalization;
the method of the baseline poor normalization process is as follows,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
poor normalization to baseline;
poor baseline in the first and last stages;
indicating a poor nominal mean error for the ith baseline; the poor normalization processing of the base line is used for eliminating/weakening the influence of factors such as different types of measuring equipment on the analysis result of the reference stability.
In the above technical solution, in step four, under an ideal condition, the baseline normalization corresponding to the stable survey station is worse and meets the standard normal distribution
The test statistic may be constructed as:
wherein U is a test statistic;
a mean value that is a poor normalization of the baseline associated with a particular station;
the number of relevant base lines of the station to be detected is;
poor normalization to baseline;
is the standard deviation, which herein refers to the standard deviation of a standard normal distribution, is 0, dimensionless;
for the expectation of distribution, here the expectation of a quasi-normal distribution is indicated, 1, dimensionless.
In the above technical solution, in the fifth step, in an actual situation, if the statistic does not satisfy the standard normal distribution, the analysis result may be inconsistent with the actual situation, for example, the result shows that all the point locations are stable points or all the point locations are unstable points; at this time, the method of the structural stability index is adopted for checking:
1) according to the poor standardization of each base line, calculating the root mean square value of the poor standardization of all the base lines of the corresponding measuring stations
The stability index of the measuring station is called;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the corresponding station stability index;
poor normalization to baseline;
the number of relevant base lines of the station to be detected is;
2) calculating the stability index of each station;
when the stability indexes of all the stations are less than 1 and are consistent, the stations are considered to be stable and do not deform obviously;
when the stability indexes of part of the measuring stations are larger than 1 and the numerical values are grouped, the measuring stations corresponding to the maximum stability index and the corresponding base lines are removed, and the steps 1) and 2) are repeatedly executed aiming at the rest measuring stations and the base lines until the stability indexes of the rest measuring stations are smaller than 1 and are consistent; the eliminated measuring stations are considered to be deformed, are not stable measuring stations and cannot be used as a starting reference; the rest testing stations are stable testing stations;
the method is used for carrying out statistical analysis on the base line, can be used for carrying out stability analysis on the starting point and can also be used for stability analysis on other subsequent reference points; the method overcomes the defect that the existing stability analysis method for monitoring the datum point can only be used for stability analysis of other datum points after a starting datum point is introduced for coordinate analysis.
The invention has the following advantages:
aiming at the problems that the traditional calculation reference stability analysis method in the construction of the current engineering control network seriously depends on experience and prior information, has strong contingency, is not strict in theory, is unreliable in result, is easy to cause errors in analysis conclusion and the like, the invention provides a new calculation reference stability analysis method in the data processing of the measurement control network based on the mathematical statistics principle through theoretical research and a large number of practical summaries; the method has the advantages of strict theory, wide adaptability, strong operability, high reliability and the like, and can be popularized and applied in the fields of engineering control network construction, geological disaster monitoring, crustal deformation monitoring and the like; the above-mentioned several defects of traditional algorithm are overcome.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the algorithm of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, but are merely exemplary. While the advantages of the invention will be clear and readily understood by the description.
Referring to FIG. 1: the invention relates to a novel method for analyzing the reference stability of a measurement control network, which comprises the following specific contents:
the method comprises the following steps: counting the difference between all the base length and the early-stage base length formed by the current stage of the testing station to be tested and other testing stations at the periphery;
step two: calculating the poor nominal mean error of each base line according to the nominal precision and the length of the base line of the adopted equipment; the nominal median error with a poor baseline is calculated according to the law of error propagation:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
indicating a poor nominal mean error for the ith baseline;
error in the single baseline nominal is indicated; common use of error in single baseline normalization
Is shown in the form of (1), wherein
Referred to as the fixed error, is,
known as the proportional error (
May be found in the device description document);
step three: dividing the difference of the two phases before and after each baseline by the corresponding error in the nominal scale is called baseline difference normalization processing, and the result is called baseline poor standardization;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
poor normalization to baseline;
poor baseline in the first and last stages; the poor normalization processing of the baseline can eliminate/weaken the influence of factors such as different types of measuring equipment and the like on the analysis result of the reference stability;
step four: ideally, the baseline normalization for a stable survey station is relatively poor and meets the standard normal distribution
The test statistic may be constructed as:
wherein U is a test statistic;
a mean value that is a poor normalization of the baseline associated with a particular station;
the number of relevant base lines of the station to be detected is;
step five: according to the level of significance
=0.05 bilateral hypothesis test; if it is
Rejecting the original hypothesis, and considering that the standard base line of the measuring station is poor and does not meet the standard normal distribution, namely the measuring station is not a stable measuring station; otherwise, the station is considered to be stable and can be used as a starting calculation reference;
step six: in the actual data processing process, the stability analysis method based on hypothesis testing is not always effective due to less samples or unstable station interference, and the following method can be adopted:
1) according to the poor standardization of each base line, calculating the root mean square value of the poor standardization of all the base lines of the corresponding measuring stations
The stability index of the measuring station is called;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the corresponding station stability index;
2) calculating the stability index of each station; if the stability indexes of all the stations are less than 1 and are consistent, the stations are considered to be stable and do not deform obviously; if the stability indexes of part of the measuring stations are larger than 1 and the numerical values are grouped, the measuring stations corresponding to the maximum stability index and the corresponding base lines are removed, and the steps 1) and 2) are repeatedly executed aiming at the rest measuring stations and the base lines until the stability indexes of the rest measuring stations are smaller than 1 and are consistent; the eliminated measuring station is considered to be deformed and cannot be used as a calculation reference; the rest testing stations are stable testing stations;
step seven: analyzing, measuring and controlling the net shape, selecting 2-4 measuring stations capable of controlling the whole net from the stable measuring stations obtained according to the steps as a calculation reference, and carrying out subsequent adjustment processing.
Example analysis
The invention is adopted to carry out calculation reference stability analysis on a plane monitoring reference network, and the analysis result is shown as follows.
TABLE 1 stability analysis results of a plane monitoring reference network calculation
Table 1 shows the baseline stability analysis of a certain plane monitoring baseline network; as can be seen from Table 1, in the calculation process of 3 rounds, TN03, TN04 and TN06 correspond to the maximum value of each round in turn
A value; after eliminating 3 points (namely TN03, TN04 and TN 06), the residual points correspond to
The values are small and consistent; according to the analysis result, the plane monitoring reference network points can be divided into two groups, wherein TN03, TN04 and TN06 are unstable stations, and the rest stations are stable stations; based on the analysis result, according to the geometric distribution of the datum points, the data processing of the net in the period takes TN01 as a fixed point and TN 01-TN 07 as a fixed direction to carry out the adjustment of the whole net.
And (3) verifying the condition: the results of the previous period retest are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 poor outcome of retest of a planar monitoring reference network (2019-2018)
As can be seen from Table 2, the three points with the largest displacements in the network
3 points removed in the value calculation process are consistent, and the displacement size sequencing is completely consistent with the removing sequence of the measuring station; the maximum displacement of the residual point position is about 5mm, and the method is relatively stable, so that the effectiveness of the reference stability analysis method adopted by the invention is verified.
Other parts not described belong to the prior art.
Claims (5)
1. A method for analyzing the reference stability of a measurement control network is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
the method comprises the following steps: counting the poor baseline;
counting the difference between all the base length and the early-stage base length formed by the current stage of the testing station to be tested and other testing stations at the periphery;
step two: calculating a poor nominal median error;
step three: calculating poor baseline standardization;
the poor normalization processing of the base line is adopted to obtain the poor standardization of the base line;
step four: constructing a test statistic;
step five: performing hypothesis testing, and judging the stability of the station;
according to the level of significance
=0.05 bilateral hypothesis test;
when the hypothesis test is valid, if
If so, rejecting the original hypothesis, and considering that the standard baseline of the measuring station is poor and does not meet the standard normal distribution, namely the measuring station is not a stable measuring station; otherwise, the station is considered to be stable, and the next step is carried out;
if the test result of the method does not conform to the actual situation, the following method is adopted to carry out mutual check between the two methods; firstly, calculating a stability index of the measuring station, iteratively judging the stability of the measuring station according to the stability index of the measuring station, determining the stable measuring station, and entering the next step;
step six: determining a standard for adjustment calculation by combining the net shape;
analyzing, measuring and controlling the net shape, selecting 2-4 measuring stations from the stable measuring stations obtained in the above steps as calculation references, and carrying out subsequent adjustment processing.
2. The measurement control network reference stability analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step two, the error in the poor nominal is calculated, which specifically comprises the following steps,
calculating the poor nominal mean error of each base line according to the nominal precision and the length of the base line of the adopted equipment; the nominal median error with a poor baseline is calculated according to the law of error propagation:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
indicating a poor nominal mean error for the ith baseline;
error in the single baseline nominal is indicated; common use of error in single baseline normalization
Is shown in the form of (1), wherein
Referred to as the fixed error, is,
referred to as the scale error.
3. The measurement control net reference stability analysis method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in step three, the method of baseline poor normalization processing is as follows,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
poor normalization to baseline;
is the baseline worse nominal median error;
the baseline was poor in the first and last stages.
4. The measurement control network reference stability analysis method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in step four, under the ideal condition, the baseline standardization corresponding to the stable survey station is worse and meets the standard normal distribution
The test statistic is constructed as:
wherein U is a test statistic;
a mean value that is a poor normalization of the baseline associated with a particular station;
the relative baseline number of the station to be detected is obtained.
5. The measurement control network reference stability analysis method according to claim 4, characterized in that: in step five, when the hypothesis test is invalid, the following method is adopted:
1) according to the poor standardization of each base line, calculating the root mean square value of the poor standardization of all the base lines of the corresponding measuring stations
The stability index of the measuring station is called;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the corresponding station stability index;
2) calculating the stability index of each station;
when the stability indexes of all the stations are less than 1 and are consistent, the stations are considered to be stable and do not deform obviously;
when the stability indexes of part of the measuring stations are larger than 1 and the numerical values are grouped, the measuring stations corresponding to the maximum stability index and the corresponding base lines are removed, and the steps 1) and 2) are repeatedly executed aiming at the rest measuring stations and the base lines until the stability indexes of the rest measuring stations are smaller than 1 and are consistent; the eliminated measuring stations are deformed and are not stable; the rest testing stations are stable testing stations.
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