CN113775679A

CN113775679A - Drum brake capable of automatically compensating abrasion of brake pad

Info

Publication number: CN113775679A
Application number: CN202111170182.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杜孟子; 章志华
Original assignee: Huangshan Feiying Auto Parts Co ltd
Current assignee: Huangshan Feiying Auto Parts Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-08
Filing date: 2021-10-08
Publication date: 2021-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-08
Also published as: CN113775679B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drum brakes capable of automatically compensating the abrasion of brake pads, and discloses a drum brake capable of automatically compensating the abrasion of brake pads, which comprises a brake bottom plate and a brake drum rotationally connected to the outer wall of the brake bottom plate, wherein the brake drum is internally and symmetrically provided with brake shoes which keep relative motion, the brake shoes are glidingly provided with abrasion degree conversion units which are symmetrically distributed, extension compensation units are symmetrically arranged on the brake bottom plate, the two extension compensation units are respectively positioned between the two brake shoes, the extension compensation units are assembled and used for driving the brake shoes and the abrasion degree conversion units to keep synchronous and radial motion from inside to outside in the brake drum, the abrasion of the brake pads can be automatically compensated during braking, so that the distance between the back plate surface of the brake pads and the inner wall of the brake drum is kept consistent before and after braking, the braking effect of the brake is prevented from being continuously reduced, and the driving safety is greatly improved, meanwhile, the service life of the brake pad is greatly prolonged.

Description

Drum brake capable of automatically compensating abrasion of brake pad

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of drum brakes capable of automatically compensating abrasion of brake pads, in particular to a drum brake capable of automatically compensating abrasion of brake pads.

Background

The general drum brake comprises components such as a brake bottom plate, a brake cylinder, a brake shoe and the like, is commonly used for large vehicles, has an automatic braking function, and is easy to install a hand brake mechanism; the processing and the composition of the parts are simple, and the like.

According to patent No. 201911282450.3, disclose brake drum, including the drum of cylinder brake drum, coaxial setting drum in the brake drum brake dish, two brake shoes blocks that the symmetry set up on the dish is stopped to the drum, be connected with reset spring between two brake shoes, be provided with the friction disc on two brake shoes's the outer periphery, two brake shoes are half circular arc, and two brake shoes are detained the setting, its characterized in that: the drum brake disc is characterized in that an A endpoint and a B endpoint are symmetrically arranged on the drum brake disc by taking the center of the drum brake disc as a symmetrical point, the butt joint positions of the two brake shoes when the two brake shoes are buckled are respectively located at the A endpoint and the B endpoint, a B-end adjustable taper positioning shaft and an A-end flat core wheel are respectively clamped at the butt joint positions of the two brake shoes when the two brake shoes are buckled, the B-end adjustable taper positioning shaft and the A-end flat core wheel are respectively arranged at the B endpoint and the A endpoint of the drum brake disc, the axial directions of the B-end adjustable taper positioning shaft and the A-end flat core wheel are consistent with the axial direction of the brake drum, grooves corresponding to the shape of the outer circumferential surface of the B-end adjustable taper positioning shaft are formed in the end parts of the two brake shoes close to the B-end adjustable taper positioning shaft, and friction materials on the brake shoes can be exhausted until the friction materials are exhausted.

The shortcoming of prior art lies in that, among the above-mentioned patent, need the manual work to measure the degree of wear of brake block to stop the distance between the dish through adjusting the adjustable tapering locating shaft of B end and drum, and the degree of wear of this distance and brake block can not be fine control, just will dismantle the brake drum after braking several times and adjust the distance between the adjustable tapering locating shaft of B end and the dish of stopping of drum, it is too loaded down with trivial details, and work efficiency is lower.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a drum brake capable of automatically compensating the abrasion of a brake pad, which can automatically compensate the abrasion of the brake pad during braking, greatly improve the driving safety and greatly prolong the service life of the brake pad.

Technical scheme

In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an automatic drum brake of compensation brake block wearing and tearing, include bottom plate and rotate connect in brake drum on the bottom plate outer wall, the symmetry is provided with the brake shoe that keeps relative motion in the brake drum, sliding on the brake shoe is provided with the wearing and tearing converting unit that is the symmetric distribution, the last symmetry of bottom plate is provided with the extension compensating unit, two the extension compensating unit all is located two between the brake shoe, the extension compensating unit is assembled and is used for ordering about the brake shoe with wearing and tearing converting unit in radial motion from inside to outside of keeping in the brake drum synchronous.

Preferably, the back plates are fixedly mounted on the side faces, back to back, of the two brake shoes, the brake block is fixedly mounted on the side faces, back to back, of the brake shoes, and the brake block and the back plates are respectively provided with a guide groove and a rolling groove which are communicated.

As preferred, extend the compensation unit and include first oil tank, bracing piece and second oil tank, first oil tank fixed mounting in on the braking bottom plate, the output of first oil tank is equipped with quantity additional and is two the bracing piece, the brake shoe is located between two bracing pieces, the other end of bracing piece install additional the backplate is carried on the back mutually the side of brake block, the brake shoe is carried on the back mutually the side fixed mounting of backplate has the second oil tank that is symmetric distribution, the second oil tank is located the both sides of first oil tank.

Preferably, a hose is additionally arranged between the second oil tank and the first oil tank, and a one-way valve is additionally arranged on the hose.

Preferably, the abrasion degree conversion unit comprises a roller and a movable rod, a sliding groove communicated with the rolling groove is formed in the side face, adjacent to the brake pad, of the brake shoe, the movable rod is connected in the sliding groove in a sliding mode, the rollers which are symmetrically distributed are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the movable rod, and the rollers are located in the guide groove and the rolling groove.

Preferably, the outer wall of the movable rod is fixedly provided with fixing rods which are symmetrically distributed, the brake shoes are positioned between the two fixing rods, and the other ends of the fixing rods are additionally arranged at the output end of the second oil tank.

Preferably, the brake bottom plate is fixedly provided with symmetrically distributed passive rods, the brake shoes are provided with symmetrically distributed limiting grooves, and the passive rods are located in the limiting grooves.

Compared with the prior art, the drum brake capable of automatically compensating the abrasion of the brake pad provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

when the brake is operated, a brake wheel cylinder additionally arranged between two brake shoes is extended to drive the two brake shoes to keep moving away from each other, at the moment, limit grooves which are symmetrically distributed are formed in the brake shoes, driven rods are positioned in the limit grooves to slide, the brake shoes drive a back plate, a brake pad and a roller to keep synchronous radial movement from inside to outside, when the brake pad is rubbed with the inner wall of a brake drum, the roller rolls on a fixed rod, the brake pad is thinner and thinner due to abrasion of the brake pad, when the brake pad is abraded, the acting force of the inner wall of the brake drum can directly act on the roller, so that the roller moves from outside to inside in a guide groove and a rolling groove along the radial direction, and drives a movable rod to move in the sliding groove in the direction far away from the back plate, at the moment, the movable rod applies pressure on the fixed rod and presses the fixed rod to a second oil tank, at the moment, hydraulic oil in the second oil tank enters the first oil tank through a hose to enable the hydraulic oil in the first oil tank to push the extended support rod to move The back plate is far away from the first oil tank, the back plate is fixed on the brake shoe, the brake pad is fixed on the back plate, the second oil tank is fixed on the brake shoe, the back plate drives the second oil tank, the brake shoe and the brake pad to synchronously move from inside to outside in a radial direction, the brake pad is always attached to the inner wall of the brake drum during braking, the friction surface of the brake pad is flush with the outer surface of the roller, the inner wall of the brake drum can form extrusion force on the brake pad during braking, a one-way valve is additionally arranged on the hose, hydraulic oil can only enter the first oil tank from the second oil tank, hydraulic oil in the first oil tank is always full-load, the supporting rod cannot move under the extrusion force of the brake drum on the brake pad, the brake pad is always attached to the inner wall of the brake drum, strong friction force can be formed by the pressure between the two, and four fixing rods are arranged on one brake shoe, two bracing pieces, extrusion volume and the output quantity of second oil tank to first oil tank through control fixed rod to hydraulic oil in the second oil tank, make the displacement of movable rod in the spout equal with the elongation of bracing piece, make the wearing and tearing volume of brake block equal with the radial motion volume of brake block from inside to outside, make the wearing and tearing that can the automatic compensation brake block when the brake, make the brake block keep unanimous with the one side of the backplate back of the body and the interval of brake drum inner wall around the brake, can avoid using the back for a long time, lead to the interval constantly increasing of brake block and brake drum inner wall because of brake block wearing and tearing, cause the braking effect of brake to constantly reduce, the security of driving has improved greatly, the life of brake block has been prolonged greatly simultaneously.

According to the invention, when braking is finished, the two brake shoes keep moving oppositely under the driving of the brake wheel cylinder, and the roller, the back plate and the brake pad keep moving synchronously and radially from outside to inside in the brake drum, when the brake shoes, the back plate and the brake pad stop moving, the distance between the surface of the brake pad opposite to the back plate and the inner wall of the brake drum is the same as that before braking, the brake wheel cylinder is slightly longer than that before braking due to abrasion of the brake pad, but when the brake is stepped on again, the elongation of the brake wheel cylinder is the same as that of the brake wheel cylinder which is stepped on at the previous time, so that the amount of the brake pedal which is stepped on by a driver is also the same, the pedal can move the same amount when the driver steps on the brake each time, and the braking effect is greatly increased.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

This document provides an overview of various implementations or examples of the technology described in this disclosure, and is not a comprehensive disclosure of the full scope or all features of the disclosed technology.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a brake shoe according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an extension compensation unit and a wear conversion unit according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a partial structural view of the wear conversion unit according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a brake drum; 2. braking the bottom plate; 3. a brake wheel cylinder; 4. a back plate; 5. an extension compensation unit; 6. a wear conversion unit; 7. a brake shoe; 8. a brake pad; 9. a limiting groove; 10. a passive rod; 11. a guide groove; 12. a chute; 51. a first oil tank; 52. a support bar; 53. a second oil tank; 54. a hose; 61. a roller; 62. a movable rod; 63. and (5) fixing the rod.

Detailed Description

So that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the disclosure without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the disclosure.

Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of the word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, in this disclosure is intended to mean that the elements or items listed before that word, include the elements or items listed after that word, and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may also include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the drum brake capable of automatically compensating for brake pad wear provided by the present invention comprises a brake base plate 2 and a brake drum 1 rotatably connected to the outer wall of the brake base plate 2, wherein brake shoes 7 keeping relative motion are symmetrically arranged in the brake drum 1, abrasion conversion units 6 symmetrically distributed are slidably arranged on the brake shoes 7, the abrasion of the brake pads 8 can be directly reflected through the abrasion conversion units 6, during braking, a brake wheel cylinder 3 installed between the two brake shoes 7 is extended and drives the two brake shoes 7 to keep moving away from each other, at this time, the brake shoes 7 are provided with symmetrically distributed limit slots 9, a passive rod 10 is positioned in the limit slot 9 to slide, the brake shoes 7 drive a back plate 4, the brake pads 8 and a roller 61 to keep synchronous and move radially from inside to outside, when the brake pads 8 rub against the inner wall of the brake drum 1, the roller 61 rolls on the fixed rod 63, the brake pad 8 is worn, so that the brake pad 8 becomes thinner and thinner, when the brake pad 8 is worn, the acting force of the inner wall of the brake drum 1 directly acts on the roller 61, so that the roller 61 moves from outside to inside along the radial direction in the guide groove 11 and the rolling groove, and drives the movable rod 62 to move in the sliding groove 12 in the direction away from the backplate 4, at this time, the movable rod 62 exerts pressure on the fixed rod 63, and presses the fixed rod 63 towards the second oil tank 53, at this time, the hydraulic oil in the second oil tank 53 enters the first oil tank 51 through the hose 54, so that the hydraulic oil in the first oil tank 51 pushes the support rod 52 to extend, and the backplate 4 is away from the first oil tank 51, the backplate 4 is fixed on the brake shoe 7, the brake pad 8 is fixed on the backplate 4, and the second oil tank 53 is fixed on the brake shoe 7, so that the backplate 4 drives the second oil tank 53 to move, The brake shoes 7 and the brake pads 8 keep synchronous and move from inside to outside in a radial direction, so that the brake pads 8 are always attached to the inner wall of the brake drum 1 during braking, the friction surfaces of the brake pads 8 are flush with the outer surface of the roller 61, the inner wall of the brake drum 1 forms extrusion force on the brake pads 8 during braking, the hose 54 is additionally provided with a one-way valve, hydraulic oil can only enter the first oil tank 51 from the second oil tank 53, the hydraulic oil in the first oil tank 51 is always fully loaded, the support rod 52 cannot move under the extrusion force of the brake drum 1 on the brake pads 8, the brake pads 8 are always attached to the inner wall of the brake drum 1, the pressure between the two is strong friction force, meanwhile, four fixing rods 63 are arranged on one brake shoe 7, the two support rods 52 control the extrusion amount of the hydraulic oil in the second oil tank 53 by the fixing rods 63 and the output amount of the second oil tank 53 on the first oil tank 51 by the second oil tank 53, the moving distance of the movable rod 62 in the sliding groove 12 is equal to the extension of the support rod 52, so that the abrasion loss of the brake pad 8 is equal to the radial movement amount of the brake pad 8 from inside to outside, the abrasion of the brake pad 8 can be automatically compensated during braking, the distance between the back plate 4 of the brake pad 8 and the inner wall of the brake drum 1 is kept consistent before and after braking, the situation that the braking effect of braking is reduced continuously due to the fact that the distance between the brake pad 8 and the inner wall of the brake drum 1 is increased continuously because the brake pad 8 is abraded after long-time use can be avoided, the driving safety is greatly improved, the service life of the brake pad 8 is greatly prolonged, the extension compensation units 5 are symmetrically arranged on the brake bottom plate 2, the two extension compensation units 5 are located between the two brake shoes 7, the extension compensation units 5 are assembled to drive the brake shoes 7 and the abrasion conversion unit 6 to keep synchronous and radial movement from inside to outside in the brake drum 1, when braking is finished, the two brake shoes 7 are driven by the brake wheel cylinders 3 to keep moving in opposite directions, the roller 61, the back plate 4 and the brake pad 8 are enabled to keep moving in the brake drum 1 synchronously and radially from outside to inside, when the brake shoes 7, the back plate 4 and the brake pad 8 stop moving, the distance between the surface of the brake pad 8, which is opposite to the back plate 4, and the inner wall of the brake drum 1 is the same as that before braking, because the brake pad 8 is worn, the brake wheel cylinders 3 are slightly longer than that before braking, but when the driver treads the brake again, the extension amount of the brake wheel cylinders 3 is the same as that of the brake wheel cylinders 3 which are treaded once before, so that the amount of the driver treading the brake pedal is also the same, the driver can brake the pedal moves the same amount when stepping on every time, and the braking effect is greatly increased.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, before use, the first oil tank 51 and the second oil tank 53 are filled with hydraulic oil, so that the fixing rod 63 extends to a position where the roller 61 and the brake pad 8 are flush with each other on the side opposite to the back plate 4, and the support rod 52 is in a compressed state.

As shown in fig. 2 to 5, when braking, the wheel cylinder 3 installed between the two brake shoes 7 is extended to drive the two brake shoes 7 to move away from each other, at this time, the brake shoes 7 are provided with the limiting grooves 9 symmetrically distributed, the driven rod 10 is located in the limiting groove 9 to slide, the brake shoes 7 drive the back plate 4, the brake pad 8 and the roller 61 to move in a radial direction from inside to outside, when the brake pad 8 rubs against the inner wall of the brake drum 1, the roller 61 rolls on the fixed rod 63, because the brake pad 8 is worn, the brake pad 8 becomes thinner and thinner, when the brake pad 8 is worn, the acting force of the inner wall of the brake drum 1 directly acts on the roller 61, so that the roller 61 moves from outside to inside in the guide groove 11 and the rolling groove in a radial direction, and drives the movable rod 62 to move in the sliding groove 12 in a direction away from the back plate 4, at this time, the movable rod 62 applies pressure on the fixed rod 63, and the fixed rod 63 is pressed towards the second oil tank 53, at this time, the hydraulic oil in the second oil tank 53 enters the first oil tank 51 through the hose 54, so that the hydraulic oil in the first oil tank 51 pushes the support rod 52 to extend, and the back plate 4 is far away from the first oil tank 51, the back plate 4 is fixed on the brake shoe 7, the brake pad 8 is fixed on the back plate 4, the second oil tank 53 is fixed on the brake shoe 7, so that the back plate 4 drives the second oil tank 53, the brake shoe 7 and the brake pad 8 to synchronously move from inside to outside in a radial direction, so that the brake pad 8 is always attached to the inner wall of the brake drum 1 during braking, the friction surface of the brake pad 8 is flush with the outer surface of the roller 61, during braking, the inner wall of the brake drum 1 can form extrusion force on the brake pad 8, and the hose 54 is additionally provided with a one-way valve, so that the hydraulic oil can only enter the first oil tank 51 from the second oil tank 53, the hydraulic oil in the first oil tank 51 is fully loaded all the time, so that the support rod 52 cannot move under the extrusion force of the brake drum 1 on the brake pad 8, the brake pad 8 is always attached to the inner wall of the brake drum 1, and the pressure between the two can form strong friction force, meanwhile, four fixing rods 63 are arranged on one brake shoe 7, the two support rods 52 control the extrusion amount of the hydraulic oil in the second oil tank 53 by the fixing rods 63 and the output amount of the second oil tank 53 on the first oil tank 51, so that the moving distance of the movable rod 62 in the chute 12 is equal to the extension amount of the support rod 52, the abrasion amount of the brake pad 8 is equal to the radial movement amount of the brake pad 8 from inside to outside, the abrasion of the brake pad 8 can be automatically compensated during braking, the distance between the back plate 4 of the brake pad 8 and the inner wall of the brake drum 1 is kept the same, and after long-time use can be avoided, the distance between the brake pad 8 and the inner wall of the brake drum 1 is continuously increased due to the abrasion of the brake pad 8, so that the braking effect of the brake is continuously reduced, the driving safety is greatly improved, and the service life of the brake pad 8 is greatly prolonged.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, when braking is finished, the two brake shoes 7 are driven by the brake wheel cylinders 3 to keep moving in opposite directions, and the roller 61, the back plate 4 and the brake pad 8 are kept moving in the brake drum 1 synchronously and radially from outside to inside, when the brake shoes 7, the back plate 4 and the brake pad 8 stop moving, the distance between the surface of the brake pad 8 opposite to the back plate 4 and the inner wall of the brake drum 1 is the same as that before braking, and the brake wheel cylinders 3 are slightly longer than that before braking due to abrasion of the brake pad 8, but when braking again, the extension amount of the brake wheel cylinders 3 is the same as that of the brake wheel cylinders 3 which are stepped on at the previous time, so that the driver can move the brake pedal by the same amount each time of braking, and the braking effect is greatly increased.

The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drum brake with automatic brake pad wear compensation, comprising a brake base plate (2) and a brake drum (1) rotatably connected to the outer wall of the brake base plate (2), characterized in that: the brake drum is characterized in that brake shoes (7) which keep moving relatively are symmetrically arranged in the brake drum (1), abrasion degree conversion units (6) which are symmetrically distributed are arranged on the brake shoes (7) in a sliding mode, extension compensation units (5) are symmetrically arranged on the brake base plate (2), the extension compensation units (5) are located between the brake shoes (7), and the extension compensation units (5) are assembled to drive the brake shoes (7) and the abrasion degree conversion units (6) to keep synchronous and radial movement from inside to outside in the brake drum (1).

2. A drum brake for automatically compensating for brake pad wear according to claim 1, wherein: two the side fixed mounting that brake shoe (7) were carried on the back mutually has backplate (4), backplate (4) are carried on the back mutually the side fixed mounting of brake shoe (7) has brake block (8), brake block (8) with set up guide slot (11) and the rolling groove that are linked together on backplate (4) respectively.

3. A drum brake for automatically compensating for brake pad wear according to claim 2, wherein: extend compensation unit (5) and include first oil tank (51), bracing piece (52) and second oil tank (53), first oil tank (51) fixed mounting in on braking bottom plate (2), the output of first oil tank (51) is equipped with bracing piece (52) that quantity is two additional, brake shoe (7) are located between two bracing pieces (52), the other end of bracing piece (52) install additional backplate (4) carry on the back mutually the side of brake block (8), brake shoe (7) carry on the back mutually the side fixed mounting of backplate (4) has second oil tank (53) that are the symmetric distribution, second oil tank (53) are located the both sides of first oil tank (51).

4. A drum brake for automatically compensating for brake pad wear according to claim 3, wherein: a hose (54) is additionally arranged between the second oil tank (53) and the first oil tank (51), and a one-way valve is additionally arranged on the hose (54).

5. A drum brake for automatically compensating for brake pad wear according to claim 3, wherein: abrasion degree converting unit (6) include gyro wheel (61) and movable rod (62), brake shoe (7) are adjacent spout (12) that are linked together with the rolling slot are seted up to the side of brake block (8), sliding connection has movable rod (62) in spout (12), it is connected with gyro wheel (61) that are the symmetric distribution to rotate on the outer wall of movable rod (62), gyro wheel (61) are located in guide slot (11) and the rolling slot.

6. A drum brake with automatic brake pad wear compensation as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the brake shoe is characterized in that fixing rods (63) which are symmetrically distributed are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the movable rod (62), the brake shoe (7) is located between the two fixing rods (63), and the other ends of the fixing rods (63) are additionally mounted at the output end of the second oil tank (53).

7. A drum brake for automatically compensating for brake pad wear according to claim 1, wherein: the brake shoe is characterized in that driven rods (10) which are symmetrically distributed are fixedly mounted on the brake bottom plate (2), limiting grooves (9) which are symmetrically distributed are formed in the brake shoe (7), and the driven rods (10) are located in the limiting grooves (9).