CN211314913U

CN211314913U - Clamp type braking structure with anti-lock function

Info

Publication number: CN211314913U
Application number: CN201922425020.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钟东
Original assignee: Hubei University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Hubei University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2019-12-27
Filing date: 2019-12-27
Publication date: 2020-08-21
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-27

Abstract

The utility model provides a pincers type braking structure with anti-lock function belongs to mechanical technical field. The brake piston is provided with a guide hole and a slide hole, the guide hole penetrates through the outer end face and the slide hole of the brake piston, a top post is connected in the guide hole in a sliding manner, an outer sliding sleeve is connected in the slide hole in a sliding manner through a spline, an inner sliding sleeve is connected in the outer sliding sleeve in a sliding manner, the inner sliding sleeve is in threaded connection with the top post, a compression spring is connected between the outer sliding sleeve and the bottom of the slide hole, an installation frame is fixedly arranged on the inner end face of the top post, balls limited on the installation frame are connected in the limiting hole in a rolling manner, positioning notches which correspond to the balls one to one are arranged at the bottom of the slide hole, and the outer; a limit sleeve is arranged in the pressure control cavity, a check ring positioned between the limit sleeve and the brake piston is arranged on the top column, and a return spring is connected between the check ring and the brake piston. The utility model has the advantages of can avoid the braking locking etc.

Description

Clamp type braking structure with anti-lock function

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of machinery, a pincers type braking structure with anti-lock function is related to.

Background

The brake system is an important component of an automobile, the existing caliper type brake system adopts a mode that two brake calipers are synchronously close to a brake disc, the brake disc and friction plates on the brake calipers are abraded in the mutual contact process, the distance between the brake disc and the friction plates is gradually increased, the brake calipers are driven to act by hydraulic control force, under the condition of certain hydraulic control force, the brake force is reduced due to the increase of a brake clearance, the brake effect and the brake time are deviated from the initial set optimal value, and potential safety hazards are caused.

The brake fluid pressure can not change even though the brake clearance changes, so that the brake clearance of the automobile needs to be manually adjusted, and the friction plate also needs to be frequently replaced.

In order to ensure that the adhesive force between a wheel and the ground is at the maximum value, the conventional braking system adopts a 'inching' mode to automatically control the braking force of a brake, so that the wheel is not locked and is in a rolling and sliding state, namely, the anti-lock braking system is a complex hydraulic control system, needs a plurality of hydraulic control pipelines to enable a brake caliper to intermittently contact with a brake disc, is very complex in structure, and is difficult to achieve the optimal anti-lock effect under the condition that the braking clearance cannot be automatically adjusted.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at the above-mentioned problem that exists to current technique, provide a jaw brake structure with anti-lock function, the utility model discloses the technical problem that will solve is how to avoid the braking locking, improves brake performance.

The purpose of the utility model can be realized by the following technical proposal: a caliper brake structure with an anti-lock function is characterized by comprising a brake disc fixedly connected with a hub and a brake body fixed on a frame, wherein a brake piston, a brake sliding cavity, a pressure control cavity and a separation spring are arranged on the brake body;

the brake piston is provided with a guide hole and a slide hole, the guide hole penetrates through the outer end face and the slide hole of the brake piston, the diameter of the slide hole is larger than that of the guide hole, a top post is connected in the guide hole in a sliding manner, an outer slide sleeve is connected in the slide hole in a sliding manner through a spline, an inner slide sleeve is connected in the outer slide sleeve in a sliding manner, a clockwork spring is connected between the inner wall of the outer slide sleeve and the outer wall of the inner slide sleeve, the inner slide sleeve is in threaded connection with the top post, a compression spring is connected between the outer slide sleeve and the bottom of the slide hole, an installation frame is fixedly arranged on the end face of the inner end of the top post, a plurality of limiting holes are formed in the installation frame, balls limited on the installation frame are connected in the limiting holes in a rolling manner, positioning notches which correspond to the; the pressure control cavity is internally provided with a limiting sleeve, the ejection column is provided with a check ring positioned between the limiting sleeve and the brake piston, and a return spring is connected between the check ring and the brake piston.

The pressure source acts on the pressure control cavity, the ejection column is preferentially driven, the ejection column is additionally rotated in the moving process, the inner sliding sleeve and the outer sliding sleeve are ejected to the bottom of the sliding hole together, so far, the ejection column and the brake piston can be synchronously driven by the pressure source to move, due to the existence of the compression spring, the inner sliding sleeve and the outer sliding sleeve are driven to be far away from the bottom of the sliding hole, in the process, the top column is acted by the pressure source and does not move, but rotates relative to the inner sliding sleeve, and in the rotating process, because the same ball continuously switches the positioning notch matched with the ball, the brake piston is in a shaking state, therefore, high-frequency change of braking force is achieved, the brake disc is prevented from being locked, the clockwork spring is accumulated in the process, the release of the accumulated force of the clockwork spring is matched with the deformation frequency of the compression spring, and the ejection column can rotate for multiple periods in positive and negative directions until the compression spring and the clockwork spring are restored. The existence of a return spring can drive the jacking column to reset.

The stop collar is similar to the bearing bracket of a plane bearing, and the steel ball is limited between the stop collar and the end surface of the support pillar, can roll, and can cross the positioning notch and switch to another positioning notch.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present brake system.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the position-limiting sleeve.

Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the inner sliding sleeve and the outer sliding sleeve.

In the figure, 1, a brake disc; 11. a compensation plate; 2. a braking body; 21. a brake piston; 22. a compensation piston; 23. a compensating pressure plate; 24. a compensating slide cavity; 25. a brake shoe; 26. a pressure control chamber; 27. a separation spring; 28. a friction plate; 29. an inter-via; 31. a compensation column; 32. a unidirectional convex rib; 33. a limiting baffle plate; 34. a contact head; 41. a guide hole; 42. a slide hole; 43. a top pillar; 44. an outer sliding sleeve; 45. an inner sliding sleeve; 46. a clockwork spring; 47. a compression spring; 51. a mounting frame; 52. a ball bearing; 53. a positioning notch; 61. a limiting sleeve; 62. a retainer ring; 63. a return spring.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the vehicle braking system includes two brake discs 1 fixedly connected to an automobile hub, a braking body 2 fixed to a frame, and a compensation plate 11 fixed to the braking body 2, wherein the compensation plate 11 is located between the two brake discs 1, and a braking assembly is respectively arranged between the compensation plate 11 and the two brake discs 1; the brake assembly comprises a brake piston 21, a compensation piston 22, a compensation pressure plate 23, a compensation sliding cavity 24, a brake sliding cavity 25, a pressure control cavity 26 and a separation spring 27, wherein the brake piston 21 is connected in the brake sliding cavity 25 in a sliding manner, the compensation piston 22 is connected in the compensation sliding cavity 24 in a sliding manner, a friction plate 28 capable of abutting against the outer side surface of the brake disc 1 is fixedly arranged at the inner end of the brake piston 21, the compensation pressure plate 23 extends between the brake disc 1 and the compensation plate 11 through a connecting rod connected on the compensation piston 22, the compensation sliding cavity 24 and the brake sliding cavity 25 are filled with hydraulic oil, the compensation sliding cavity 24 is communicated with the brake sliding cavity 25 through a mutual through hole 29, the separation spring 27 abuts between the bottom of the compensation sliding cavity 24 and the outer end of the compensation piston 22, the separation spring 27 can drive the compensation pressure plate 23 to be far away from the brake disc 1, a positioning hole, a compensation column 31 is connected in the positioning hole in a sliding manner, and the inner end of the compensation column 31 is abutted against the compensation sheet 11; the circumferential surface of the compensation column 31 is provided with a plurality of inverted tooth-shaped one-way convex ribs 32 at equal intervals, the inner wall of the positioning hole is fixedly provided with a limiting baffle 33 which can be inserted into a gap between the adjacent one-way convex ribs 32, and the pressure control cavity 26 is connected with an air source or a hydraulic source.

The brake slide chamber 25, the compensation slide chamber 24 and the communication hole 29 form a closed hydraulic circulation chamber therebetween, which enables the brake piston 21 and the compensation piston 22 to move in opposite directions.

In the prior art, a structure that a spring is directly arranged at a brake piston 21 is generally adopted, a pressure source overcomes the pretightening force of the spring to drive the brake piston 21 to move, after the pressure source disappears, the restoring force of the spring drives the brake piston 21 to reset, although the direct action mode can shorten the brake reaction time to a certain extent, the abrasion between abrasion pairs is very serious, the high temperature caused by the abrasion is high, and the brake effect is negatively influenced, in the scheme, a mode that a forerunner pressurizes a brake sliding cavity 25 is adopted to form negative pressure in a compensation sliding cavity 24, the negative pressure forces the compensation piston 22 to compress a separation spring 27, the pressure required by the brake piston 21 to be close to a brake disc 1 is changed from small to large and then small, and the mode causes the brake force to be changed from small to large under the condition that the input pressure is constant, but not to be directly acted on the brake disc 1 by the maximum brake force, it is known that, in the braking process, the larger the braking force is, the better the braking effect is, but the maximum adhesion force between the wheel and the ground is ensured, and the slow increase of the braking force is beneficial to the braking effect. Moreover, the buffer effect and the protection effect to the braking piece are better in this scheme.

The unidirectional bead 32 on the compensation column 31 enables the limiting flaps 33 to move relative to the compensation column 31 in one direction only, i.e. the compensation column 31 can only move away from the brake disc 1.

Measurement of the total wear of the friction pads 28 and the disc 1 in a single braking assembly: after abrasion, the clearance between the brake disc 1 and the friction plate 28 increases, and during braking, when the brake piston 21 approaches the outer side surface of the brake disc 1 from the outer side, the compensating pressure plate 23 approaches the inner side surface of the brake disc 1 from the inner side to the outer side, the difference of the abrasion clearance is reacted on the compensating pressure plate 23, so that the compensating pressure plate 23 presses the inner side surface of the brake disc 1, the compensating column 31 is pressed to move towards the compensating plate 11, after the compensating column 31 moves, the clearance between the compensating pressure plate 23 and the compensating plate 11 increases, further the initial position of the compensating piston 22 relatively retracts, the compensating slide cavity 24 and the brake slide cavity 25 are communicated, the brake piston 21 is pushed along with the retraction of the compensating piston 22 under the condition of maintaining pressure balance, even if the clearance between the friction plate 28 at the inner end of the brake piston 21 and the outer side surface of the brake disc.

Due to the incompressible fluid or the small compressed space, the separation spring 27 is not enough to limit the retraction of the compensation piston 22 during the compensation of the clearance, and the minimum pressure at the pressure control chamber 26 that can drive the brake piston 21 close to the brake disc 1 is almost unchanged, so that the brake system can still maintain a relatively stable initial braking state after a period of use, and a relatively ideal braking effect between the friction plate 28 and the brake disc 1 can be ensured under the condition that the input source of the braking force is constant.

Brake disc 1 has two, and realize the compensation of braking and braking clearance respectively, can improve braking effect, because the braking that causes through the mode of indirect reaction brake power postpones can prolong braking reaction time, can compensate this problem to a certain extent through the setting of two brake discs 1, and gapped between two brake discs 1, do benefit to the heat dissipation, compensating pressure plate 23 and brake piston 21 set up respectively in brake disc 1 both sides, compress tightly the both sides face of brake disc 1 respectively at braking in-process, do benefit to braking effect, ensure that brake disc 1 is steady, and can prevent brake disc 1 deformation to a certain extent, wearing and tearing irregularity etc.

As shown in fig. 1, 3, 4 and 5, the compensation column 31 has a rolling cavity at each end, and a spherical contact 34 is connected in the rolling cavity in a rolling manner.

The presence of the contact head 34 enables the contact between the compensation column 31 and the brake disc 1 to be changed from sliding friction to rolling friction, avoiding wear of the compensation column 31, so as to make the adjustment of the friction clearance more accurate.

A guide hole 41 and a slide hole 42 are formed in the brake piston 21, the guide hole 41 penetrates through the outer end face and the slide hole 42 of the brake piston 21, the diameter of the slide hole 42 is larger than that of the guide hole 41, a support pillar 43 is connected in the guide hole 41 in a sliding mode, an outer sliding sleeve 44 is connected in the slide hole 42 in a sliding mode through a spline, an inner sliding sleeve 45 is connected in the outer sliding sleeve 44 in a sliding mode, a spiral spring 46 is connected between the inner wall of the outer sliding sleeve 44 and the outer wall of the inner sliding sleeve 45, the inner sliding sleeve 45 is connected with the support pillar 43 in a threaded mode, a compression spring 47 is connected between the outer sliding sleeve 44 and the bottom of the slide hole 42, an installation frame 51 is fixedly arranged on the end face of the inner end of the support pillar 43, a plurality of limiting holes are formed in the installation frame 51, the balls 52 limited on the installation frame 51 in a rolling mode are connected in the limiting; a limiting sleeve 61 is arranged in the pressure control cavity 26, a check ring 62 positioned between the limiting sleeve 61 and the brake piston 21 is arranged on the top column 43, and a return spring 63 is connected between the check ring 62 and the brake piston 21.

The pressure source acts on the pressure control chamber 26, the top pillar 43 is preferentially driven, the top pillar 43 carries out rotary motion during the moving process, the inner sliding sleeve 45 and the outer sliding sleeve 44 are pushed to the bottom of the sliding hole 42 together, so that the top pillar 43 and the brake piston 21 can be synchronously driven by the pressure source to move, due to the existence of the compression spring 47, the inner sliding sleeve 45 and the outer sliding sleeve 44 are driven to be away from the bottom of the sliding hole 42, in the process, the top pillar 43 is not moved due to the action of the pressure source and rotates relative to the inner sliding sleeve 45, in the rotating process, the top pillar 43 is in a shaking state due to the fact that the same ball 52 continuously switches the positioning notch 53 matched with the same ball, so that high-frequency change of braking force of the spring is realized, the brake disc 1 is prevented from being locked, the spring 46 is stored during the process, the stored force of the spring 46 is released to match with the frequency of deformation of the compression spring 47, and the top pillar 43 can, until both the hold down spring 47 and the balance spring 46 are restored. The presence of the return spring 63 can urge the top post 43 to return.

The position-restricting bush 61 is similar to a bearing bracket of a flat bearing, and a steel ball is held between the position-restricting bush 61 and the end surface of the knock pin 43, and the steel ball can roll and can pass over the positioning recess 53 to be switched to another positioning recess 53.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims

1. The caliper type brake structure with the anti-lock function is characterized by comprising a brake disc (1) fixedly connected with a hub and a brake body (2) fixed on a frame, wherein the brake body (2) is provided with a brake piston (21), a brake sliding cavity (25), a pressure control cavity (26) and a separation spring (27), the brake piston (21) is connected in the brake sliding cavity (25) in a sliding manner, the inner end of the brake piston (21) is fixedly provided with a friction plate (28) capable of abutting against the outer side surface of the brake disc (1), the separation spring (27) can drive the brake piston (21) to be away from the brake disc (1), and the pressure control cavity (26) is connected with an air source or a hydraulic source;

the brake device is characterized in that a guide hole (41) and a slide hole (42) are formed in the brake piston (21), the guide hole (41) penetrates through the outer end face and the slide hole (42) of the brake piston (21), the diameter of the slide hole (42) is larger than that of the guide hole (41), a support pillar (43) is connected in the guide hole (41) in a sliding mode, an outer sliding sleeve (44) is connected in the slide hole (42) in a sliding mode through splines, an inner sliding sleeve (45) is connected in the outer sliding sleeve (44) in a sliding mode, a clockwork spring (46) is connected between the inner wall of the outer sliding sleeve (44) and the outer wall of the inner sliding sleeve (45), the inner sliding sleeve (45) is connected with the support pillar (43) in a threaded mode, a compression spring (47) is connected between the bottom of the outer sliding sleeve (44) and the slide hole (42), an installation frame (51) is fixedly arranged on the inner end face of the, the limiting hole is internally connected with a ball (52) limited on a mounting frame (51) in a rolling manner, the bottom of the sliding hole (42) is provided with positioning notches (53) corresponding to the ball (52) one by one, and the outer end of the top column (43) is positioned in the pressure control cavity (26); a limiting sleeve (61) is arranged in the pressure control cavity (26), a check ring (62) positioned between the limiting sleeve (61) and the brake piston (21) is arranged on the ejection column (43), and a return spring (63) is connected between the check ring (62) and the brake piston (21).