CN113770290A - Forging method of large-size high-utilization-rate red copper thin-wall hollow pipe - Google Patents
Forging method of large-size high-utilization-rate red copper thin-wall hollow pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN113770290A CN113770290A CN202111051386.5A CN202111051386A CN113770290A CN 113770290 A CN113770290 A CN 113770290A CN 202111051386 A CN202111051386 A CN 202111051386A CN 113770290 A CN113770290 A CN 113770290A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/06—Hammers tups; Anvils; Anvil blocks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/10—Piercing billets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
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Abstract
The invention relates to a forging method of a large-size high-utilization-rate red copper thin-wall hollow pipe, which comprises a heating stage, a hollow blank manufacturing stage, a pre-forming and wall thickness difference control stage, a segmented drawing and sizing stage, a reverse drawing and core rod drawing stage and a drawing stage, a whole body alignment same roundness and a finishing to finished product stage, wherein the implementation of the technical scheme of the forging method is mainly characterized in that different tools are adopted in different stages, different pressing amounts, different rotation angles and different feeding amounts are selected, and the outer circle size, the wall thickness and the same roundness of the finished product stage are controlled to control the appearance size forming of a final product; the method can greatly reduce the production and manufacturing cost, improve the forging drawing efficiency and reduce waste products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of forging, and particularly relates to a method for forging a large-specification high-utilization-rate red copper thin-wall hollow pipe.
Background
T2 is red copper, which has good thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity, the red copper tube has high low temperature strength, for large-size thin-wall T2 tube, because of good heat dissipation, the tube is commonly used for manufacturing heat exchange equipment, and is widely applied to the electric appliance and industrial fields, most of the industrial thin-wall red copper tubes (the large-size thin-wall tube is a hollow tube with Di larger than or equal to 850mm, Do larger than or equal to 1000mm, and Do/Di larger than or equal to 1.1 and smaller than or equal to 1.4, wherein Do is the outer diameter of the tube, Di is the inner diameter of the tube), the tube needs to be finished by forging technologies such as upsetting, punching, reaming, drawing and the like, because the red copper has good ductility, most of the industrial thin-wall T2 tube is large-size, and when Do/Di is smaller than or equal to 1.4, the widening amount of the material is large when the material is drawn transversely, and the material is quickly moved; the longitudinal direction, namely the length direction, is small in widening amount, slow in material feeding, low in drawing efficiency, high in price of the T2 material, high in forging utilization rate of over 94% generally, low in forging efficiency and improper in control, and the forging length of a finished product can hardly meet the technological requirements, so that the product is scrapped, and the cost of industrial production is wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a forging method of a large-specification high-utilization-rate red copper thin-wall hollow tube, so that the problems that the red copper thin-wall tube is large in material broadening amount and quick in material feeding when being transversely drawn and elongated are avoided; the method has the advantages of greatly reducing the production and manufacturing cost, improving the forging drawing efficiency and reducing the waste products.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a forging method of a large-size high-utilization-rate red copper thin-wall hollow pipe comprises the following forging steps:
step 1), a heating stage: firstly, heating a red copper ingot, charging the red copper ingot into a furnace by adopting a cold ingot, controlling the heating temperature to be 400-500 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5 hour, then raising the temperature to 950 +/-10 ℃ at a temperature rise speed of less than or equal to 100 ℃/hour, preserving heat for 3-5 hours, and forging;
step 2), making hollow blanks: the red copper ingot is subjected to chamfering, drawing and rounding, upsetting, punching and reaming to finally prepare a hollow blank, and the hollow blank is subjected to subsequent drawing;
step 3), pre-forming and controlling the wall thickness difference: after reaming, penetrating the hollow blank into the big end of the drawing core rod, drawing the big end for a circle, ensuring that the blank is attached to the surface of the drawing core rod, and facilitating the metal to feed along the side with small taper of the drawing core rod during later-stage drawing; the manipulator grips and pulls the gripping end of the long core rod, the upper flat anvil and the lower V anvil are pushed and pulled for 2-3 times, the wall thickness is aligned, and the wall thickness difference is controlled to be less than or equal to 20mm; at the moment, Do/Di is more than 1.4, Do is the outer diameter of the pipe, Di is the inner diameter of the pipe, the wall thickness is larger, the reduction is less than or equal to 1/4 wall thickness during the pushing and pulling, the rotation angle is firstly pushed and pulled for one pass according to 45 degrees, then pushed and pulled for 1 pass according to 22.5 degrees, the wall thickness difference is controlled well, the wall thickness is ensured to be uniform, the vertical material is upset, two end faces are flattened, and the end part inclined plane and the horseshoe-shaped end face caused by uneven material conveying are eliminated before the furnace returns and is heated;
step 4), a stage of sectional drawing and sizing: the anvil is replaced by an upper V-shaped anvil and a lower V-shaped anvil with 135-degree openings, and the transverse widening of the blank can be effectively controlled by using the upper V-shaped anvil and the lower V-shaped anvil for drawing, so that the drawing efficiency is improved; according to the pushing and pulling sequence of 1-2-3-4-5, the weight is not more than 1/3, the blank is pushed and pulled to 50-60% of the total process length, the blank is fed according to the anvil width not more than 1/3, the blank is rotated by 90 degrees, then the blank is pushed and pulled by 22.5 degrees for 1 pass at the end of 45 degrees, the outer diameter of the last pass is directly reduced by 25-30mm according to the required process size to be the target control forging outer diameter, the same roundness of any section has large difference at the moment, local obvious bulging is realized, the process does not need excessive control of the same roundness, only the wall thickness difference and the outer circle size are controlled, and then the outer diameter with the process nominal size reduced by 25-30mm is set as the target reference size;
step 5), reversely penetrating and drawing the core rod and drawing another section: after reversely penetrating the blank into the drawn mandrel, similarly adopting the drawing forming, directly forging the lower weight according to the target reference size set in the step 4), namely reducing the process nominal size by 25-30mm, and firstly drawing one pass at a rotation angle of 90 degrees and then drawing one pass at a rotation angle of 45 degrees;
step 6), the stages of whole body alignment, same roundness and finishing to finished products: a drawing core rod is penetrated in the forward direction, the drawing forming is carried out, the lower hammer amount is not required, the forging excircle size of the hammer head is directly set to be the target reference size plus 25-30mm, and the excircle diameter is set to be forged according to the nominal size of the process; the rotation angles are respectively 45-22.5-11.25-6 degrees, the feeding amount is not more than 1/2 anvil width feeding, and the excircle is finished at each angle for one pass, thus forging to a finished product.
In the step 2), before upsetting, drawing out the blank, rounding to the height-diameter ratio of 1.8-2.2, then upsetting, and stopping upsetting when the height-diameter ratio of the upset blank reaches 0.65-0.7; selecting a phi 380 solid punch for punching, placing the upset solid blank on a platform, placing the phi 380 solid punch in the center of the solid blank, starting forward punching, calculating the thickness of a punched material core according to the height of the solid blank and the height of the punch, controlling the thickness of the punched material core to be less than or equal to 80mm due to high material utilization rate, and then reversely punching; if the height of one punch is not enough during forward punching, an auxiliary solid punch smaller than phi 380 is continuously added on the phi 380 punch, and punching is continuously carried out; when the material core is punched in the forward direction, the thickness of the material core is calculated to reach a target value, then the material core is punched in the reverse direction, namely the material core is punched out, namely the blank is turned over by 180 degrees, a hollow leakage tray is arranged on the lower surface of the blank, then the middle center of the other surface of the solid blank is punched by a phi 380 solid punch, and the material core is punched out; when the feed rod is used for reaming, the reaming diameter is 20-50 mm larger than the diameter of the small end of the drawing core rod; the whole forging drawing process is carried out, and the temperature range is controlled to be 350-850 ℃.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: during batch production, the forging drawing efficiency is high, the standardized operation is convenient, the risk that the length of a finished product is short due to high utilization rate and thin wall thickness is effectively avoided, and the production cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the heating process of the red copper ingot of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the step 2 forward punching of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the step 2 reverse punching of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the hollow blank with the end surface flattened in step 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a drawn mandrel for use in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the step blank of said step 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the reverse drawing long mandrel step blank in the step 5 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the same roundness of the blank in step 4 and step 5 of the present invention.
Figure 9 is a view of the finished forging of the present invention.
In the description of the drawings, 1: an auxiliary solid punch; 2: a solid blank; 3: phi 380 solid punch; 4: a hollow drain pan.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is mainly implemented by adopting different tools at different stages, selecting different rolling reduction, rotation angles and feeding amounts, and controlling the excircle size, wall thickness and roundness of the finished product at the stage to control the appearance size forming of the final product.
A forging method of a large-specification high-utilization-rate red copper thin-wall pipe comprises the following specific steps:
step 1), a heating stage: heating a red copper ingot (also called T2 red copper ingot), wherein the heating process adopts cold ingot charging, the heating temperature is 400-500 ℃, the temperature is kept for 0.5 hour, then the temperature is raised to 950 +/-10 ℃ at the temperature raising speed of less than or equal to 100 ℃/hour, and the temperature is kept for 3-5 hours for forging.
Step 2), making hollow blanks: the red copper ingot 2 (also called as solid blank 2) is subjected to chamfering, drawing out and rounding, upsetting, punching and hole expanding, and finally a hollow blank (shown in figure 4) is manufactured for subsequent drawing out.
It is to be emphasized that: before upsetting, drawing out the solid blank 2, rounding to the height-diameter ratio of 1.8-2.2, upsetting, and stopping upsetting when the height-diameter ratio of the solid blank 2 reaches 0.65-0.7 after upsetting; selecting a phi 380 solid punch 3 to punch, placing an upset solid blank 2 on a platform, placing the phi 380 solid punch 3 in the center of the solid blank 2, starting to punch in a forward direction (as shown in figure 2), calculating the thickness of a punched material core according to the height of the solid blank 2, the phi 380 solid punch 3 and the height of an auxiliary solid punch 1, controlling the thickness of the punched material core to be less than or equal to 80mm due to high material utilization rate, then punching in a reverse direction as shown in figure 3, if the height of the phi 380 solid punch 3 is insufficient during forward punching, continuously adding an auxiliary solid punch 1 smaller than phi 380 on the phi 380 solid punch 3, and continuously punching; after the thickness of the material core is calculated to reach the target value during forward punching, backward punching is performed as shown in fig. 3, and the material core is punched out, namely: turning the blank by 180 degrees, padding a hollow drain pan 4 below the blank, and punching the center of the other surface of the solid blank 2 by using a phi 380 solid punch 3 to punch off the material core; when the feed rod is used for reaming, the reaming diameter is 20-50 mm larger than the diameter of the small end of the drawing core rod; the whole forging drawing process is carried out, and the temperature range is controlled to be 350-850 ℃.
Step 3), pre-forming and controlling the wall thickness difference; after reaming, the drawing mandrel is inserted, the hollow blank (as shown in fig. 4) is inserted into the big end of the drawing mandrel, the big end is drawn for a circle, the blank is attached to the surface of the mandrel, and the metal is fed along the side with small taper of the drawing mandrel during later-stage drawing. The manipulator grips and pulls out the gripping end of the long core rod, the upper flat anvil and the lower V anvil are pushed and pulled for 2-3 times, the wall thickness is aligned, the wall thickness difference is controlled to be less than or equal to 20mm, at the moment, Do/Di is greater than 1.4, the wall thickness is larger, the reduction is less than or equal to 1/4 in wall thickness during pushing and pulling, the rotation angle firstly pushes and pulls one time through the body at 45 degrees, then 1 time is pushed and pulled at 22.5 degrees, the wall thickness difference is controlled, the wall thickness is ensured to be uniform, the vertical material is upset, two end faces are flattened, and end part inclined planes, horseshoe-shaped end faces and the like caused by uneven material conveying are eliminated.
Step 4), a stage of sectional drawing and sizing: the anvil is replaced by an upper V-shaped anvil and a lower V-shaped anvil with 135-degree openings, and the transverse widening of the blank can be effectively controlled by using the upper V-shaped anvil and the lower V-shaped anvil for drawing, so that the drawing efficiency is improved; the blank is sequentially drawn according to the sequence of figure 6 (the sequence of 1-2-3-4-5), the weight is not more than 1/3, the blank is firstly drawn until the blank reaches about 50-60% of the total process length, the blank is fed according to the anvil width not more than 1/3, the blank is firstly drawn according to 90 degrees, then is drawn according to the anvil width not more than 45 degrees and finally is drawn according to 22.5 degrees for 1 pass, the outer diameter size of the last pass is directly reduced by 25-30mm according to the required process nominal size as the target control forging outer diameter size, at the moment, the same roundness of any section is greatly different (figure 8), local obvious bulging is realized, the process does not need excessive control of the same roundness, only the wall thickness difference and the excircle size are controlled, then the outer diameter size reduced by 25-30mm is set as the target reference size, (different from other thick-wall pipe forging, the excircle size forging cannot be small, because the thin-wall pipe is drawn to be long and the finished product stage, according to the law of minimum resistance, the metal fluidity in the length direction is poor, the length broadening amount is small, and the metal transverse broadening flow is fast, so the diameter is easy to control, and the length control difficulty is large).
Step 5), reversely penetrating and drawing the core rod and drawing another section: as shown in figure 7, after the blank is reversely inserted into the drawn mandrel (aiming at eliminating or reducing the occupied material of the inner bore taper and reducing the weight of the tube), the drawing forming is also adopted, at the moment, the lower weight is directly forged according to the target standard size set in the step 4) (namely, the forging with the process nominal size reduced by 25-30 mm), and the rotation angle is firstly drawn by 90 degrees for one pass and then drawn by 45 degrees for one pass.
Step 6), straightening, aligning and roundness and finishing to obtain a finished product: a drawing core rod is penetrated in the forward direction, the drawing forming is carried out, the lower weight amount is not required, the forging excircle size of the hammer head is directly set to be the target reference size plus 25-30mm (namely, the excircle diameter is set to be forged according to the nominal size of the process); the rotation angles are respectively 45-22.5-11.25-6 degrees, the feeding amount is not more than 1/2 anvil width feeding, and each angle finishes 1 pass of excircle; the finished product can be forged, and the measured excircle, inner hole and wall thickness all meet the process requirements.
Forging example 1:
the ingot number is T220721D09, the specification 2230 x 500 x 1000 flat square T2 red copper ingot, the ingot weighs 10000 kg; and (4) planning forging specification: the excircle phi 1060 +/-10; the inner hole phi 910 is plus or minus 20, and the length is 4650 plus or minus 20; the weight of the forging stock is 9670kg, and the forging utilization rate is 96.7 percent; the forging method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1), T2 red copper ingot heating stage: and the heating process adopts cold ingot charging, heat preservation is carried out for 0.5 hour at 400-500 ℃, then the temperature is raised to 950 +/-10 ℃ at the temperature raising speed of less than or equal to 100 ℃/hour, and the temperature is preserved for 3 hours for forging.
And 2) carrying out chamfering, rounding and upsetting on the T2 red copper ingot by using a conventional steel ingot, wherein H =850 (the diameter of the solid blank is-phi 1280), punching by using a phi 380 punch, wherein the thickness of a punched material core is 50mm, and reaming by using a feed bar until the diameter is 910 +/-10.
Step 3), pre-forming and controlling the wall thickness difference: after reaming, penetrating a phi 900 drawing mandrel (length of the drawing mandrel is 4500, big end phi 900, small end phi 855, taper 1: 100), penetrating a blank into the big end of the drawing mandrel, firstly drawing the big end for one circle, facilitating later-stage metal feeding along the taper of the mandrel, holding the holding end of the drawing mandrel by a manipulator, adopting an upper flat anvil and a lower V anvil to carry out 3 passes of pushing and drawing according to the hammerhead pushing and drawing sequence shown in the figure six, respectively pushing and drawing at 45-22.5-11.25 degrees at each angle, wherein the rolling reduction of each pass is less than or equal to 1/3 wall thickness, the feeding amount of a half anvil, the alignment wall thickness and the control wall thickness difference is less than or equal to 20mm; at this time, the excircle is drawn to be about phi 1250 (inner hole phi 910) to 1900; before returning to the furnace and heating, the vertical material levels two end faces, and end part inclined planes caused by uneven material feeding are eliminated, so that the maximum utilization rate is achieved.
Step 4), a subsection sizing stage: the anvil is replaced by a 700 upper V anvil and a 700 lower V anvil with 135-degree openings, at the moment, Do/Di is less than or equal to 1.4, the transverse widening of the blank can be effectively controlled by using the upper V anvil and the lower V anvil for drawing, and the drawing efficiency is improved; the method comprises the steps of sequentially drawing according to a diagram 6 (the sequence of 1-2-3-4-5), drawing with the weight of less than or equal to 1/3 wall thickness, feeding with the anvil width of less than or equal to 1/3, respectively drawing 1 pass at a rotation angle of 90-45-22.5 degrees, firstly drawing to reach the total length of the blank to 2300-2800 mm, and setting the outer diameter size to be phi 1035mm (process outer diameter phi 1060 mm), wherein the same roundness of any section is greatly different, local obvious bulging is achieved, the process does not need to control the same roundness excessively, only the wall thickness difference and the outer circle size are controlled, and phi 1035mm is set as a target reference size. (explanation: different from other thick-walled tube forging, avoiding the small size forging, drawing out the thin-walled tube to the final product stage, according to the law of minimum resistance, the length of the metal flow difference in the length direction is small, the metal transverse expansion is fast, therefore, the diameter is well controlled, the length direction is not easy to control); the billet size in this section is now about Φ 1035 x 1500.
Step 5), reversely penetrating and drawing the core rod and drawing another section: after the blank is reversely inserted into the drawing mandrel (aiming at eliminating or reducing the occupied material of the inner bore taper and reducing the weight of the tube), as shown in fig. 7, the drawing forming is also adopted, at the moment, the drawing diameter is forged according to the target reference dimension phi 1035 set in the step four, the rotation angle is drawn for one pass according to 90 degrees, and then the drawing is carried out for one pass at 45 degrees;
step 6), the stages of whole body alignment, same roundness and finishing to finished products: a drawing core rod is penetrated in the positive direction, the drawing forming is carried out, the lower weight amount is not required, the forging excircle size of the hammer is set to be the process nominal size, and the drawing is carried out according to phi 1060 mm; the rotation angles are respectively tapered for one pass according to 45-22.5-11.25-6 degrees, the feeding amount is not more than 1/2 anvil width feeding, the excircle is finished, the local bulging is eliminated, the same roundness is corrected, and the excircle dimension and length are ensured to meet the process requirements; at the moment, measuring the excircle phi 1060, the inner hole phi 905, the wall thickness difference 5-8mm and the length 4700 of the pipe; all meet the process requirements.
Claims (2)
1. A forging method of a large-size high-utilization-rate red copper thin-wall hollow pipe is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following forging steps:
step 1), a heating stage: firstly, heating a red copper ingot, charging the red copper ingot into a furnace by adopting a cold ingot, controlling the heating temperature to be 400-500 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5 hour, then raising the temperature to 950 +/-10 ℃ at a temperature rise speed of less than or equal to 100 ℃/hour, preserving heat for 3-5 hours, and forging;
step 2), making hollow blanks: the red copper ingot is subjected to chamfering, drawing and rounding, upsetting, punching and reaming to finally prepare a hollow blank, and the hollow blank is subjected to subsequent drawing;
step 3), pre-forming and controlling the wall thickness difference: after reaming, penetrating the hollow blank into the big end of the drawing core rod, drawing the big end for a circle, ensuring that the blank is attached to the surface of the drawing core rod, and facilitating the metal to feed along the side with small taper of the drawing core rod during later-stage drawing; the manipulator grips and pulls the gripping end of the long core rod, the upper flat anvil and the lower V anvil are pushed and pulled for 2-3 times, the wall thickness is aligned, and the wall thickness difference is controlled to be less than or equal to 20mm; at the moment, Do/Di is more than 1.4, Do is the outer diameter of the pipe, Di is the inner diameter of the pipe, the wall thickness is larger, the reduction is less than or equal to 1/4 wall thickness during the pushing and drawing, the rotation angle firstly pushes and draws one pass through the pipe at 45 degrees, then pushes and draws 1 pass at 22.5 degrees, the wall thickness difference is controlled well, the wall thickness is ensured to be uniform, the vertical material is upset, two end faces are flattened, and the end part inclined plane and the horseshoe-shaped end face caused by uneven material conveying are eliminated;
step 4), a stage of sectional drawing and sizing: the anvil is replaced by an upper V-shaped anvil and a lower V-shaped anvil with 135-degree openings, and the transverse widening of the blank can be effectively controlled by using the upper V-shaped anvil and the lower V-shaped anvil for drawing, so that the drawing efficiency is improved; according to the pushing and pulling sequence of 1-2-3-4-5, the weight is not more than 1/3, the blank is pushed and pulled to 50-60% of the total process length, the blank is fed according to the anvil width not more than 1/3, the blank is rotated by 90 degrees, then the blank is pushed and pulled by 22.5 degrees for 1 pass at the end of 45 degrees, the outer diameter of the last pass is directly reduced by 25-30mm according to the required process size to be the target control forging outer diameter, the same roundness of any section has large difference at the moment, local obvious bulging is realized, the process does not need excessive control of the same roundness, only the wall thickness difference and the outer circle size are controlled, and then the outer diameter with the process nominal size reduced by 25-30mm is set as the target reference size;
step 5), reversely penetrating and drawing the core rod and drawing another section: after reversely penetrating the blank into the drawn mandrel, similarly adopting the drawing forming, directly forging the lower weight according to the target reference size set in the step 4), namely reducing the process nominal size by 25-30mm, and firstly drawing one pass at a rotation angle of 90 degrees and then drawing one pass at a rotation angle of 45 degrees;
step 6), the stages of whole body alignment, same roundness and finishing to finished products: a drawing core rod is penetrated in the forward direction, the drawing forming is carried out, the lower hammer amount is not required, the forging excircle size of the hammer head is directly set to be the target reference size plus 25-30mm, and the excircle diameter is set to be forged according to the nominal size of the process; the rotation angles are respectively 45-22.5-11.25-6 degrees, the feeding amount is not more than 1/2 anvil width feeding, and the excircle is finished at each angle for one pass, thus forging to a finished product.
2. The forging method of the large-specification high-utilization-rate red copper thin-wall hollow pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forging method comprises the following steps: in the step 2), before upsetting, drawing out the blank, rounding to the height-diameter ratio of 1.8-2.2, then upsetting, and stopping upsetting when the height-diameter ratio of the upset blank reaches 0.65-0.7; selecting a phi 380 solid punch for punching, placing the upset solid blank on a platform, placing the phi 380 solid punch in the center of the solid blank, starting forward punching, calculating the thickness of a punched material core according to the height of the solid blank and the height of the punch, controlling the thickness of the punched material core to be less than or equal to 80mm due to high material utilization rate, and then reversely punching; if the height of one punch is not enough during forward punching, an auxiliary solid punch smaller than phi 380 is continuously added on the phi 380 punch, and punching is continuously carried out; when the material core is punched in the forward direction, the thickness of the material core is calculated to reach a target value, then the material core is punched in the reverse direction, namely the material core is punched out, namely the blank is turned over by 180 degrees, a hollow leakage tray is arranged on the lower surface of the blank, then the middle center of the other surface of the solid blank is punched by a phi 380 solid punch, and the material core is punched out; when the feed rod is used for reaming, the reaming diameter is 20-50 mm larger than the diameter of the small end of the drawing core rod; the whole forging drawing process is carried out, and the temperature range is controlled to be 350-850 ℃.
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| CN115401410A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-11-29 | 洛阳中重铸锻有限责任公司 | Near-net forming method of large aluminum alloy thin-wall square ring forging |
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| CN115401410B (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2023-08-11 | 洛阳中重铸锻有限责任公司 | Near-net forming method of large aluminum alloy thin-wall square ring forging |
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| CN113770290B (en) | 2023-05-16 |
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