CN1137648A - 光电式数位摇杆 - Google Patents

光电式数位摇杆 Download PDF

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CN1137648A
CN1137648A CN96102685A CN96102685A CN1137648A CN 1137648 A CN1137648 A CN 1137648A CN 96102685 A CN96102685 A CN 96102685A CN 96102685 A CN96102685 A CN 96102685A CN 1137648 A CN1137648 A CN 1137648A
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rocking bar
photoelectric
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CN1081812C (zh
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刘圣彦
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QI SHENGYAN
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63F—CARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • A63F13/00—Video games, i.e. games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions
    • A63F13/20—Input arrangements for video game devices
    • A63F13/24—Constructional details thereof, e.g. game controllers with detachable joystick handles
    • A63F13/06—
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63F—CARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • A63F13/00—Video games, i.e. games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions
    • A63F13/20—Input arrangements for video game devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63F—CARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • A63F13/00—Video games, i.e. games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions
    • A63F13/20—Input arrangements for video game devices
    • A63F13/21—Input arrangements for video game devices characterised by their sensors, purposes or types
    • A63F13/213—Input arrangements for video game devices characterised by their sensors, purposes or types comprising photodetecting means, e.g. cameras, photodiodes or infrared cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G9/00—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously
    • G05G9/02—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only
    • G05G9/04—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously
    • G05G9/047—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/033—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
    • G06F3/038—Control and interface arrangements therefor, e.g. drivers or device-embedded control circuitry
    • G06F3/0383—Signal control means within the pointing device
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63F—CARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • A63F2300/00—Features of games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions, e.g. on a television screen, showing representations related to the game
    • A63F2300/10—Features of games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions, e.g. on a television screen, showing representations related to the game characterized by input arrangements for converting player-generated signals into game device control signals
    • A63F2300/1043—Features of games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions, e.g. on a television screen, showing representations related to the game characterized by input arrangements for converting player-generated signals into game device control signals being characterized by constructional details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G9/00—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously
    • G05G9/02—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only
    • G05G9/04—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously
    • G05G9/047—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks
    • G05G2009/0474—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks characterised by means converting mechanical movement into electric signals
    • G05G2009/04759—Light-sensitive detector, e.g. photoelectric

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Position Input By Displaying (AREA)
  • Pinball Game Machines (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
  • Switches With Compound Operations (AREA)
  • Control Of Position Or Direction (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种光电式数位摇杆，它包括带有X、Y轴的摇杆和一控制主机，所述的X、Y轴上分别设有遮光片，遮光片的周缘设有多个透光孔，透光孔两相对侧分别设有两组发光元件及光电接收元件，其输出接一单击发除频电路，其结构简单、操作精度较高，使用寿命较长。

Description

光电式数位摇杆
本发明涉及一种游戏机摇杆，尤其是一种光电式数位摇杆。
自电视游戏机问世以来，因其具有高度的趣味性及挑战性，而广受消费者的喜爱，并且经久不衰。传统的游戏机大都用按键进行功能操作控制，但因按键在高级的局部戏剧效果中，无法发挥较细腻的反应，而由可轻易拨动的摇杆取代。现有的摇杆均以可变电阻作为得知座标的主要元件，如图1和图2所示，摇杆的可变电阻11连接主机12的控制电路，当PC发出触发命令时，电流经由可变电阻VR1，电阻R1向电容C1充电。当电容C1的电压达到参考电压Vres时，即由三极管TR1放电，而完成一单击发周期。而当摇杆拨动改变VR1的阻值时，将影响可变电容C1达到参考电压Vres所需的时间，PC机即由该段延迟时间的不同而得知摇杆所控制的座标值。由于这种方式的延迟时间的准确度取决于电阻VR1、电阻R1和电容C1的值，而这些元件均易因温度变化而引起设定值产生偏差，所以将直接造成控制座标值的严重误差，明显降低其操作控制的准确度。而且其中的可变电阻VR1亦因长期摩擦而损耗，影响其使用寿命。
本发明的主要目的是针对现有的技术不同而提供一种光电式数位摇杆，其主要是在摇杆的X、Y轴上设有遮光片，并在遮光片的周缘设有数个光遮断孔，孔的相对侧分别设有发射及接收的光电元件，使遮片随摇杆的拨动而移动时，光电元件能透过遮断孔的透射，形成接收信号的输出变化，再经由一微处理电路判断，而得知摇杆所操作控制的座标值。
本发明的另一目是取代传统的机械式感测摇杆位置方式的，而利用一除频电路将光遮断所产生的数位信号转换成传统介面电路的可读信号(类比信号)。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：一种光电式数位摇杆，它包括带有X、Y轴的摇杆和一控制主机，其特征在于：所述的X、Y轴上分别设有遮光片，遮光片的周缘设有多个透光孔，透光孔两相对侧分别设有两组发光元及光电接收元件，其输出接一单击发除频电路。所述的单击发除频电路通过时序电路，依摇杆操作控制座标信号值变化除频进行单击发延迟计时。
本发明设计合理，结构简单，由于采用无接点式侦测结构，而使操作精确度较高，使用寿命延长。
下面结合附图及具体实施方案对本发明做进一步的详细说明。
图1为摇杆介面电路等效和可变电阻式摇杆电路图；
图2为现有的可变电阻式摇杆的动作时序图；
图3为本发明的立体示意图；
图4为本发明的立体侧视图；
图5为本发明的光遮断孔示意图；
图6为本发明的较佳实施例电路图；
图7为本发明的动作时序图。
参见图3、4，摇杆2下方的X、Y轴21、22，分别设有光遮断片23、24，并在遮片23、24的周缘设有数个光遮断孔231、241，而且遮断孔231、241的相对侧设有两组发射及接收光电元件25、26，当摇杆2拨动时，弧形遮片23、24能随之移动，使光电元件透过光遮断孔231、241发送接收信号，而形成输出值的变化，并将变化的信号转换后输至主机，以得知摇杆2操作控制的座标值。
参见图5，遮片23、24上所设的光遮断孔231、241是为使光电接收元件形成约50％占波比的间隔设置，使光电元件25、26能经由光遮断孔231、241的移动使输出值发生变化，再由IC1测知摇杆所操作控制的座标值。参见图6、7，为本发明的较佳实施例电路及其动作时序示意图。其中三极管TR1的基极与发射极之间接电阻R2，电阻R1的一端接TR1的基板，，电阻R3的一端接TR1的集电极，另一端的接地而构成电压值侦测电路，当主机发出触发信号后，接口端P的电压由原来的零电压往上增加，并在电压达到电压侦测的通过电压时，触发IC1，IC1依据S0及S1所获得的信号转换为座标值后，再转换为除频依据，待所设定相对于电阻电容式延迟电路的延迟时间结束时，即由输出端输出一电压Vcc，而完成一数位式除频的单触发延迟周期，且由于该延迟周期的准确度是根据石英晶体、陶瓷振器或较陶瓷容准确的发振器X1的准确度而定，因此可提供比现有的信号更准确的座标信号。
DT1、DT2为发光元件，DR1、DR2为光电接收元件，当光遮断孔231、241因摇杆的拨动而移动时，DR1和DR2输出发生变化，IC1依下列公式而获得所操作控制的座杆值：
S0mem＝S0的原始记录
S1mem＝S1的原始记录
S0＝发电接收元件(DR1)的回报信号
S1＝发电接收元件(DR2)的回报信号
S0chg＝S0memeS0
S1chg＝S0memeS1
启动(Enable)＝S0chg+S1chg
方式(Direction)＝(S0memS1mem)S0chg
递增(increment)＝启动(Enable)和(方向(Direction)＝0)
递减(Decrement)＝启动(Enable)和(方向(Direction)＝1)
为按位加门(Exdusiveor Gate)。
递增、递减为移动座标的增量及减量。

Claims (2)

1、一种光电式数位摇杆，它包括带有X、Y轴的摇杆和一控制主机，其特征在于：所述的X、Y轴上分别设有遮光片，遮光片的周缘设有多个透光孔，透光孔两相对侧分别设有两组发光元及光电接收元件，其输出接一单击发除频电路。
2、根据权利要求1所述的光电式数位摇杆，其特征在于：所述的单击发除频电路通过时序电路，依摇杆操作控制座标信号值变化除频进行单击发延迟计时。
CN96102685A 1995-03-01 1996-02-28 光电式数位摇杆 Expired - Fee Related CN1081812C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/396,592 US5558329A (en) 1995-03-01 1995-03-01 Photoelectric digitized joystick
US08/396,592 1995-03-01

Publications (2)

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CN1137648A true CN1137648A (zh) 1996-12-11
CN1081812C CN1081812C (zh) 2002-03-27

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US (1) US5558329A (zh)
EP (1) EP0730244B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1081812C (zh)
AT (1) ATE210324T1 (zh)
DE (1) DE69617494T2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2169208T3 (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105138060A (zh) * 2015-07-27 2015-12-09 中国科学院光电技术研究所 一种采用光栅传感器的摇杆
CN108992921A (zh) * 2018-10-16 2018-12-14 东莞市名键电子科技有限公司 光电手柄摇杆组件
WO2020077880A1 (zh) * 2018-10-16 2020-04-23 东莞市名键电子科技有限公司 光电手柄摇杆组件

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EP0730244A1 (en) 1996-09-04
DE69617494T2 (de) 2002-06-06
EP0730244B1 (en) 2001-12-05
DE69617494D1 (de) 2002-01-17
US5558329A (en) 1996-09-24
ATE210324T1 (de) 2001-12-15

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