CN113764755B - Forced circulation cooling and radiating device of energy storage lithium battery pack and installation control method thereof - Google Patents
Forced circulation cooling and radiating device of energy storage lithium battery pack and installation control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113764755B CN113764755B CN202110888177.XA CN202110888177A CN113764755B CN 113764755 B CN113764755 B CN 113764755B CN 202110888177 A CN202110888177 A CN 202110888177A CN 113764755 B CN113764755 B CN 113764755B
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004334 fluoridation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/484—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring electrolyte level, electrolyte density or electrolyte conductivity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a forced circulation cooling and heat dissipating device of an energy storage lithium battery, which comprises at least one group of energy storage lithium battery units, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a liquid level sensor, a control mechanism, a pressure release mechanism, at least one group of heat dissipating mechanism and at least one group of circulating pump; each group of energy storage lithium battery units comprises at least two energy storage lithium battery units and a closed container, wherein the energy storage lithium battery units are arranged in the closed container, and the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the liquid level sensor are arranged in the closed container; the pressure release mechanism is arranged outside the closed container, the closed container is connected with the heat dissipation mechanism through a circulating pipeline to form a heat dissipation circulating loop, and the circulating pump is arranged on the circulating pipeline. The invention also relates to a mounting control method of the forced circulation cooling heat dissipation device of the energy storage lithium battery, which is implemented aiming at the device. The invention utilizes forced circulation cooling to dissipate heat, effectively improves dead zone effect generated in the natural circulation process of the cooling liquid, and ensures that the overall temperature of the lithium battery and the cooling liquid is stably controlled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric power energy, in particular to a forced circulation cooling and radiating device of an energy storage lithium battery pack and an installation control method thereof.
Background
Thermal runaway of an energy storage lithium battery is the biggest potential safety hazard when the energy storage lithium battery is used, thermal runaway inhibition and management are also difficulties when the energy storage lithium battery is used, and various measures such as forced air circulation cooling or coolant passing through a heat exchanger are adopted to reduce the temperature of the energy storage lithium battery at present; the spread of thermal runaway between adjacent energy storage lithium cells is controlled by means of thermal isolation and heat removal. However, after thermal runaway occurs in the energy storage lithium battery, a large amount of heat can be emitted in a short time, the temperature rises sharply, even explosion occurs, and the explosion is easy to reburning after extinguishment, so that the existing control means cannot ensure the safe operation of the energy storage lithium battery, and a more proper thermal runaway inhibition mode needs to be researched.
The natural cooling mode may have the problem of insufficient heat dissipation, namely a dead zone is formed in a place with poor fluidity, heat in the dead zone cannot be fully exchanged and dissipated, and the dead zone becomes a local high-temperature hot spot, so that the local temperature is too high, and a good heat dissipation effect cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at solving the technical problem of the prior art and provides a forced circulation cooling heat dissipation device of an energy storage lithium battery pack and an installation control method thereof, wherein the forced circulation cooling heat dissipation device can effectively improve dead zone effect generated in the natural circulation process of cooling liquid.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the forced circulation cooling and radiating device of the energy storage lithium battery comprises at least one group of energy storage lithium battery units, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a liquid level sensor, a control mechanism, a pressure release mechanism, at least one group of radiating mechanism and at least one group of circulating pump;
each group of energy storage lithium battery units comprises at least two energy storage lithium battery units and a closed container, wherein the at least two energy storage lithium battery units are arranged in the closed container, and cooling liquid is arranged in the closed container so as to submerge the at least two energy storage lithium battery units;
the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the liquid level sensor are arranged in the closed container and are respectively in communication connection with the control mechanism outside the closed container so as to transmit temperature data, pressure data and liquid level data to the control mechanism;
the pressure release mechanism is arranged outside the closed container and is communicated with the upper space of the liquid level of the cooling liquid, and the control mechanism is in communication connection with the pressure release mechanism so as to control the pressure in the closed container according to the detected pressure data in the closed container;
the closed container of the energy storage lithium battery unit is connected with the heat dissipation mechanism through a circulation pipeline to form a heat dissipation circulation loop, and the circulation pump is arranged on the circulation pipeline; the control mechanism is respectively in communication connection with the at least one group of heat dissipation mechanisms and the at least one group of circulating pumps.
Preferably, the forced circulation cooling heat dissipation device of the energy storage lithium battery comprises a plurality of groups of energy storage lithium battery units,
the heat dissipation circulation loop comprises a heat dissipation circulation branch and a heat dissipation circulation main path, each group of energy storage lithium battery units are respectively connected to the heat dissipation circulation main path through the heat dissipation circulation branch and are connected in series with the heat dissipation mechanism and the circulation pump which are arranged on the heat dissipation circulation main path, so that cooling liquid in each group of energy storage lithium battery units is led to the heat dissipation mechanism for heat dissipation.
Preferably, the forced circulation cooling and radiating mechanism of the energy storage lithium battery further comprises a liquid supplementing tank, the liquid supplementing tank is arranged outside the closed container and connected with the circulating pump through a circulating pipeline, the control mechanism is in communication connection with the liquid supplementing tank, and at least one valve is arranged on the circulating pipeline so as to adjust the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the closed container.
Preferably, the pressure release mechanism includes a gas discharge passage communicating the outside with the coolant liquid head space, and an on-off valve provided on the gas discharge passage and communicatively connected to the control mechanism.
Preferably, the pressure release mechanism further comprises a pressure release member, the gas discharge passage is divided into a first passage and a second passage, and the pressure release member is arranged on the second passage connected in parallel with the on-off valve; the switch valve is arranged on the first channel to control the opening and closing of the first channel.
Preferably, the cooling liquid has a boiling temperature in the range of 46 ℃ to 100 ℃.
Preferably, each group of the heat dissipation mechanisms comprises a heat exchanger and a heat dissipation fan, wherein the heat exchanger is arranged outside the closed container and is communicated with the cooling liquid in the closed container through a circulating pipeline, and the heat dissipation fan is arranged on the side wall of the heat exchanger.
The invention also constructs an installation control method of the forced circulation cooling heat dissipation device of the energy storage lithium battery, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, setting at least one group of energy storage lithium battery units; at least one closed container is arranged, and at least two energy storage lithium battery monomers are arranged in at least one closed container; placing a cooling liquid in the closed container 12 and submerging the at least two energy storage lithium battery cells;
s2, arranging a control mechanism outside the closed container; a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a liquid level sensor are arranged in the closed container and are respectively in communication connection with the control mechanism outside the closed container so as to transmit temperature data, pressure data and liquid level data to the control mechanism;
step S3, at least one group of heat dissipation mechanism and at least one group of circulating pump are arranged outside the closed container, and the control mechanism controls the heat dissipation mechanism and the circulating pump to conduct heat dissipation treatment according to the temperature data of the temperature sensor;
when the temperature of the cooling liquid is higher than a first preset temperature, starting the heat dissipation mechanism and the circulating pump to dissipate heat;
when the temperature of the cooling liquid is lower than a second preset temperature, stopping running the heat dissipation mechanism and the circulating pump;
wherein the second preset temperature is lower than the first preset temperature;
and S4, a pressure release mechanism is arranged outside the closed container and is communicated with the upper space of the liquid level of the cooling liquid, and the control mechanism is in communication connection with the pressure release mechanism so as to control the pressure in the closed container according to the pressure data.
Preferably, in step S4, the method further comprises the steps of:
s4-1, arranging a pressure relief mechanism outside the closed container, wherein the pressure relief mechanism comprises a gas discharge channel and a switch valve, wherein the gas discharge channel is communicated with the outside and the space above the liquid level of the cooling liquid; disposing the on-off valve on the gas discharge passage and in communication with the control mechanism;
the control mechanism controls the switch valve according to the temperature and the pressure of the cooling liquid; when the control mechanism detects that the pressure in the closed container is greater than a first preset air pressure value and/or the temperature of the cooling liquid reaches a boiling point, the switching valve is opened, the cooling liquid steam is discharged out of the closed container, and meanwhile, a power supply loop of an energy storage lithium battery pack formed by at least two energy storage lithium battery monomers is disconnected;
when the pressure in the closed container is reduced to be within a second preset air pressure value and the temperature of the cooling liquid is reduced to a third preset temperature, the switch valve is closed;
wherein the second preset air pressure value is lower than the first preset air pressure value;
s4-2, arranging the gas discharge channel into a first channel and a second channel respectively, and arranging a pressure release piece on the pressure release mechanism, wherein the pressure release piece is arranged on the second channel which is connected with the switch valve in parallel; the switch valve is arranged on the first channel to control the opening and closing of the first channel; and when the pressure in the closed container rises sharply, the pressure of the second channel is relieved through the pressure relief piece.
Preferably, after step S4, the following steps are further included:
and S5, a liquid supplementing tank is arranged outside the closed container, the control mechanism is in communication connection with the liquid supplementing tank, at least one valve is arranged on the circulating pipeline, and the control mechanism controls the liquid supplementing tank and the valve to adjust the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the closed container according to the liquid level data of the liquid level sensor.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the energy storage lithium battery is submerged in the cooling liquid, and the lithium battery is directly cooled by utilizing the evaporation latent heat of the cooling liquid, so that the abnormal temperature rise of the lithium battery during use can be effectively controlled, and the thermal runaway of the lithium battery is restrained. In addition, the cooling liquid can also be used as a fire extinguishing material, and when the thermal runaway explosion of the individual lithium batteries occurs, the fire disaster can be extinguished in time. By using the forced circulation cooling heat dissipation method, the dead zone effect generated in the natural circulation process of the cooling liquid can be effectively improved, so that the overall temperature of the lithium battery system and the cooling liquid thereof is stably controlled.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the installation control method of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of another embodiment of the installation control method of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of step S1 of the installation control method of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a logic block diagram of the installation control method of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, a detailed description of embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "longitudinal", "transverse", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "head", "tail", etc. are configured and operated in specific directions based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have specific directions, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
It should also be noted that unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "secured," "disposed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. When an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be "directly" or "indirectly" on the other element or one or more intervening elements may also be present. The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, whereby features defining "first," "second," "third," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such features. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth such as the particular system architecture, techniques, etc., in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, the invention constructs a forced circulation cooling heat dissipation device of an energy storage lithium battery, which comprises at least one group of energy storage lithium battery units 1, a temperature sensor 21, a pressure sensor 22, a liquid level sensor 23, a control mechanism 3, a pressure release mechanism 4, at least one group of heat dissipation mechanisms 5 and at least one group of circulating pumps 6;
each group of energy storage lithium battery units 1 comprises at least two energy storage lithium battery units 11 and a closed container 12, wherein the at least two energy storage lithium battery units 11 are arranged in the closed container 12, and a cooling liquid 13 is arranged in the closed container 12 to submerge the at least two energy storage lithium battery units 11;
the temperature sensor 21, the pressure sensor 22 and the liquid level sensor 23 are arranged inside the closed container 12 and are respectively in communication connection with the control mechanism 3 outside the closed container 12 so as to transmit temperature data, pressure data and liquid level data to the control mechanism 3; specifically, at least one temperature sensor 21 is disposed near the energy storage lithium battery below the liquid level inside the closed container 12 to measure the temperature of the cooling liquid 13 around the energy storage lithium battery cell 11. A pressure sensor 22 is disposed on the fluid level within the closed vessel 12 to detect the pressure within the vessel. The liquid level sensor 23 is arranged above the energy storage lithium battery and is used for detecting the liquid level of the cooling liquid 13 in the container, and once the liquid level of the cooling liquid 13 is lower than the battery, the battery cannot be effectively cooled. Therefore, the alarm can be set to send out warning information so as to remind workers to overhaul. Preferably, a plurality of temperature sensors 21 may be arranged at three points of uniformity of the circle, respectively, to better measure the temperature of the cooling liquid 13 in the closed vessel 12.
The pressure release mechanism 4 is arranged outside the closed container 12 and is communicated with the upper space of the liquid level of the cooling liquid 13, and the control mechanism 3 is in communication connection with the pressure release mechanism 4 so as to control the pressure in the closed container 12 according to the detected pressure data in the closed container 12; the container is prevented from being excessively pressurized, so that thermal runaway is avoided.
The closed container 12 of the energy storage lithium battery unit 1 is connected with the heat dissipation mechanism 5 through a circulation pipeline 7 to form a heat dissipation circulation loop, and the circulation pump 6 is arranged on the circulation pipeline 7; the control means 3 are in communication with at least one set of heat dissipation means 5 and at least one set of circulation pumps 6, respectively. The circulation pump 6 is connected to the heat dissipation mechanism 5 through the circulation line 7 to form a heat dissipation circulation loop, and drives the cooling liquid 13 to flow and dissipate heat through the heat dissipation mechanism 5. On the other hand, in a system with a large lithium battery capacity, the heat generation amount is large, and the light is naturally cooled by the cooling liquid 13, so that the heat cannot be dissipated in time. The forced circulation cooling mode ensures that the liquid flows to quicken the heat dissipation, thereby effectively avoiding the existence of local high-temperature hot spots and heat dissipation dead zones which are formed by poor fluidity, and the forced circulation cooling can ensure that the cooling liquid 13 flows fully, eliminate the dead zones and the local hot spots, ensure that the overall temperature of the system can be better controlled, and further improve the safety of the lithium battery system. On the other hand, because of the dead zone, local hot spots exist in the container, and as long as the position of the temperature measuring point is not in the local hot spot position, the temperature detected by the temperature measuring point cannot represent the temperature of the hottest spot in the container, so that the monitoring is invalid; the forced circulation cooling can lead the cooling liquid 13 to flow and mix fully, so that the temperature in the container tends to be balanced, local hot spots are avoided, the temperature measurement data can reflect the temperature condition in the container more truly, the monitoring accuracy is ensured, and the safety of the lithium battery system is further improved.
Further, the airtight container 12 and the pressure release mechanism 4 can be connected in an integrally formed manner, so as to ensure good tightness of the device. Alternatively, in some embodiments, other attachment means may be used, such as welding, or other removable attachment means. When the detachable connection mode is adopted for connection, although the sealing performance may not reach the optimal effect, the maintenance can be quickly and conveniently carried out when the pressure release mechanism 4 is damaged and air leakage occurs. And thus can be adjusted according to actual use conditions.
Further, the sealed container 12 is further internally provided with a mounting frame 121, the frame body of the mounting frame 121 is rectangular, besides the mounting frame 121 is arranged to be a single layer, the sealed container can be further divided into two layers or more than two layers, the condition that a plurality of energy storage lithium batteries are required to be managed can be met, and the space of the device is saved. The mounting frame 121 is provided with a partition plate 122, and the partition plate 122 partitions the mounting frame 121 into at least two battery mounting grids, and the energy storage lithium battery unit 11 is mounted in the battery mounting grids.
Further, the heat dissipation can be performed on the plurality of groups of energy storage lithium battery units 1, the forced circulation cooling heat dissipation device for the energy storage lithium battery comprises a plurality of groups of energy storage lithium battery units 1, the heat dissipation circulation loop comprises a heat dissipation circulation branch and a heat dissipation circulation main path, each group of energy storage lithium battery units 1 is connected to the heat dissipation circulation main path through the heat dissipation circulation branch respectively, and the heat dissipation circulation main path is connected in series with a heat dissipation mechanism 5 and a circulation pump 6 arranged on the heat dissipation circulation main path so as to lead cooling liquid 13 in each group of energy storage lithium battery units 1 to the heat dissipation mechanism 5 for heat dissipation. In the present embodiment, a set of heat dissipation mechanisms 5 and a set of circulation pumps 6 are provided, respectively, and are disposed on the heat dissipation circulation main path by being connected in series. When the heat dissipation needs to be carried out on the plurality of groups of energy storage lithium battery units 1, each group of energy storage lithium battery units 1 respectively conduct the cooling liquid 13 to the heat dissipation circulation main path through the heat dissipation circulation branch paths for circulation heat dissipation. One or more groups of heat dissipation mechanisms and circulating pumps can be added according to the calculation result of the capacity, so that the cooling effect is enhanced, and the heat dissipation requirement of a lithium battery system with larger capacity can be met.
As shown in fig. 2, in other embodiments, the forced circulation cooling and heat dissipating device for the energy storage lithium battery includes two sets of heat dissipating mechanisms 5 and two sets of circulation pumps 6, where each set of heat dissipating mechanisms 5 and each set of circulation pumps 6 are connected in series and then arranged on the heat dissipating circulation main circuit in parallel, so that the two sets of heat dissipating mechanisms and the circulation pumps can be controlled to dissipate heat in a circulation manner according to different preset temperatures, and the number of heat dissipating mechanisms and the number of circulation pumps can be adjusted according to the situation, which is not particularly required.
Further, the forced circulation cooling and heat dissipation mechanism 5 of the energy storage lithium battery further comprises a liquid supplementing tank 8, the liquid supplementing tank 8 is arranged outside the closed container 12 and is connected with the circulating pump 6 through a circulating pipeline 7, the control mechanism 3 is in communication connection with the liquid supplementing tank 8, and at least one valve 71 is arranged on the circulating pipeline 7 so as to adjust the liquid level of the cooling liquid 13 in the closed container 12. Specifically, the replenishing tank 8 delivers the replenishing coolant 13 to the heat dissipation circulation circuit through the circulation line 7, at least one valve 71 is provided on the circulation line 7, and the replenishing amount is controlled by adjusting the opening of the valve 71 to replenish the closed containers 12 of the respective groups of the energy storage lithium battery units 1.
Further, the pressure release mechanism 4 includes a gas discharge passage 41 that communicates with the outside and the space above the liquid surface of the cooling liquid 13, and an on-off valve 42, the on-off valve 42 being provided on the gas discharge passage 41 and being communicatively connected to the control mechanism 3.
Further, the pressure release mechanism 4 further includes a pressure release member 43, the gas discharge passage 41 is divided into a first passage 411 and a second passage 412, and the pressure release member 43 is provided on the second passage 412 in parallel with the on-off valve 42; the switch valve 42 is disposed on the first channel 411 to control the opening and closing of the first channel 411.
The gas discharge passage 41 is divided into a first passage 411 and a second passage 412, and the on-off valve 42 is provided on the first passage 411 to control opening and closing of the first passage 411. The pressure release piece 43 is arranged on the second channel 412, when the explosion of the thermal runaway energy storage lithium battery occurs, the pressure in the container rises dramatically, and the pressure of the container is released by the quick explosion of the pressure release piece 43 when the pressure of the switch valve 42 on the first channel 411 is not released.
The switch valve 42 is arranged on the first channel 411, and the pressure release member 43 is arranged on the second channel 412 connected in parallel with the switch valve 42, so that when the first channel 411 cannot timely control normal pressure release, the pressure release member 43 can be quickly exploded to burst the second channel 412 to control the pressure in the closed container 12. The first channel 411 may be a straight channel and the second channel 412 may be a parallel channel leading from the first channel 411 and communicating with the first channel 411.
The pressure release member 43 is a blind plate blocked in the second channel 412, and does not affect the opening and closing of the switch valve 42 to the first channel 411, and the pressure release member 43 is independently controlled to the second channel 412.
Further, the pressure release member 43 is an explosion-proof membrane, and the explosion pressure of the explosion-proof membrane is lower than the maximum working pressure of the closed container 12, and a margin of more than 20% is left. Ensuring the safety of the closed vessel 12.
Further, the boiling temperature of the cooling liquid 13 is in the range of 46-100 ℃. The choice of the cooling liquid 13 is critical for the implementation of the method. First, the cooling liquid 13 needs an inert liquid that is insulating, non-toxic, non-flammable, non-chemically reactive with the various materials of the energy storage lithium battery, and environmentally friendly. The boiling temperature of the cooling liquid 13 is suitable. The SEI film of the lithium energy storage lithium battery starts to decompose at 100 ℃, and the separator melts at 150 ℃, thereby causing a large-scale internal short circuit, resulting in thermal runaway, so that the evaporation temperature of the cooling liquid 13 at normal pressure is below 100 ℃. The viscosity of the cooling liquid 13 is low, so that the liquid can exchange heat by convection, and the evaporation temperature is preferably above 46 ℃ in order to keep the liquid under normal conditions. The latent heat of evaporation of the cooling liquid 13 is large, and a small amount of liquid can be evaporated to take away a large amount of heat. The boiling point of the partial fluoridation liquid is between 46 ℃ and 100 ℃, meets the requirements, and is suitable for being used as a thermal runaway inhibition medium for directly cooling the lithium energy storage lithium battery.
Further, each group of heat dissipation mechanisms 5 comprises a heat exchanger 51 and a heat dissipation fan 52, wherein the heat exchanger 51 is arranged outside the closed container 12 and is communicated with the cooling liquid 13 in the closed container 12 through a circulating pipeline 7, and the heat dissipation fan 52 is arranged on the side wall of the heat exchanger 51.
The heat exchanger 51 takes part in heat dissipation in the whole process, the cooling liquid 13 in the closed container 12 of each energy storage lithium battery cell 11 is subjected to heat exchange treatment through the heat exchanger 51, and when the temperature data is detected to be too high, the heat dissipation fan 52 is started to further assist in accelerating heat dissipation. The heat dissipation fans 52 may be disposed on a plurality of sidewalls of the heat exchanger 51, respectively, to accelerate heat dissipation. The control box can separately manage and control the heat dissipation fans 52 on a plurality of different side walls so as to achieve better heat dissipation effect while saving energy.
Embodiment 2, referring to fig. 3-6, the present invention further constructs a method for controlling the installation of a forced circulation cooling heat dissipation device of an energy storage lithium battery, comprising:
step S1, at least one group of energy storage lithium battery units 1 are arranged; at least one closed container 12 is arranged, and at least two energy storage lithium battery monomers 11 are arranged in the at least one closed container 12; a cooling liquid 13 is put into the closed container 12 and at least two energy storage lithium battery cells 11 are submerged;
as further shown in fig. 4, in step S1, the following steps are included:
step S1-1, at least one group of energy storage lithium battery units 1 are arranged; a closed container 12 is arranged, a mounting frame 121 is arranged in the closed container 12, and at least two energy storage lithium battery monomers 11 are mounted on the mounting frame 121;
in step S1-2, cooling liquid 13 is placed in the closed container 12, and the liquid level of the cooling liquid 13 is controlled to be higher than the height of the mounting frame 121, so as to ensure that the cooling liquid 13 submerges at least two energy storage lithium battery cells 11.
The installation frame 121 is arranged inside the closed container 12, the energy storage lithium battery monomers 11 are respectively installed on the installation frame 121, appropriate gaps are reserved among the energy storage lithium battery monomers 11, a plurality of energy storage lithium batteries are conveniently managed, and the space of the device is saved. The mounting frame 121 is provided with a partition plate 122, and the partition plate 122 partitions the mounting frame 121 into at least two battery mounting grids, and the energy storage lithium battery unit 11 is mounted in the battery mounting grids.
In step S2, the control mechanism 3 is arranged outside the closed container 12, and the control mechanism 3 mainly controls the related equipment according to the detected data in the closed container 12. A temperature sensor 21, a pressure sensor 22 and a liquid level sensor 23 are arranged inside the closed container 12 and are respectively in communication connection with the control mechanism 3 outside the closed container 12 so as to transmit temperature data, pressure data and liquid level data to the control mechanism 3; specifically, at least one temperature sensor 21, one pressure sensor 22, and one liquid level sensor 23 are provided inside the closed casing 12. The temperature sensor 21 is arranged below the liquid level in the closed container 12, the pressure sensor 22 is arranged on the liquid level in the closed container 12, and the liquid level sensor 23 is arranged above the mounting frame 121 of the energy storage lithium battery. Preferably, in consideration of errors in measurement, the plurality of temperature sensors 21 may be disposed at three uniform points of the circle, respectively, to better measure the temperature of the cooling liquid 13 in the closed container 12, and the plurality of measurement results may be more comprehensively and accurately reflected by comparison with each other. It is understood that the number of the temperature sensor 21, the pressure sensor 22 and the liquid level sensor 23 may be adjusted according to actual conditions to improve accuracy of measurement and control.
Further, the control mechanism 3 includes, but is not limited to, a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a digital signal processor, a microcomputer, a central processing unit, a field programmable gate array, a programmable logic device, a state machine, a logic circuit, an analog circuit, a digital circuit, and/or any device that operates on signals based on operation instructions, analog and/or digital, which may be implemented using control schemes such as a commercially available master control MCU, or modified or innovated as needed, and will not be further described herein.
Step S3, at least one group of heat dissipation mechanism 5 and circulating pump 6 are arranged outside the closed container 12, the closed container 12 of the energy storage lithium battery unit 1 is connected with the heat dissipation mechanism 5 through a circulating pipeline 7 to form a heat dissipation circulating loop, the circulating pump 6 is arranged on the circulating pipeline 7, the control mechanism 3 is respectively connected with the heat dissipation mechanism 5 and the circulating pump 6 in a communication manner, and the control mechanism 3 controls the heat dissipation mechanism and the circulating pump 6 to conduct heat dissipation treatment according to temperature data of the temperature sensor 21;
as shown in fig. 5, a description will be given below regarding a case where a set of heat dissipation mechanisms 5 is provided, when the temperature of the cooling liquid 13 is higher than a first preset temperature, the power supply circuit of the energy storage lithium battery is disconnected, and the heat dissipation mechanisms 5 and the circulation pump 6 are started to dissipate heat;
when the temperature of the cooling liquid 13 is lower than the second preset temperature, stopping the operation of the heat dissipation mechanism 5 and the circulating pump 6;
wherein the second preset temperature is lower than the first preset temperature.
Further, the heat dissipation mechanism 5 includes a heat exchanger 51 and a heat dissipation fan 52, the heat exchanger 51 is disposed outside the closed container 12 and is communicated with the cooling liquid 13 in the closed container 12 through the circulation line 7, and the heat dissipation fan 52 is disposed on a side wall of the heat exchanger 51.
For example, the ambient temperature around the device under normal conditions may be measured first, the first preset temperature is set to ambient temperature +5℃, and the second preset temperature is set to ambient temperature +1℃. Then, when the control mechanism 3 detects that the temperature of the cooling liquid 13 in the closed container 12 is higher than the ambient temperature by more than 5 ℃, the heat dissipation fan 52 is started to conduct forced air cooling heat dissipation; when the temperature of the cooling liquid 13 is reduced to just below 1 deg.c above the ambient temperature, the radiator fan 52 is deactivated. It is understood that the temperature setting ranges of the first preset temperature and the second preset temperature are not limited thereto, and may be adjusted according to actual conditions.
It is understood that the number of the groups of the heat dissipation mechanism 5 and the selection of the heat dissipation cooling mode can be calculated according to the heat capacity of the lithium battery system and the safety temperature range required to be controlled by the system, so as to consider the safety and the economy, and design an optimized scheme. When a plurality of groups of heat dissipation mechanisms 5 are arranged, one or a plurality of groups of heat dissipation mechanisms 5 can be automatically controlled to be started according to the setting of the temperature.
As shown in fig. 2, in other embodiments, the method includes step S3, two sets of heat dissipation mechanisms 5 and a circulation pump 6 are disposed outside the closed container 12, the closed container 12 of the energy storage lithium battery unit 1 is respectively connected with each set of heat dissipation mechanisms 5 through a circulation pipeline 7 to form a heat dissipation circulation loop, the circulation pump 6 is disposed on the circulation pipeline 7, the control mechanism 3 is respectively connected with each set of heat dissipation mechanisms 5 and the circulation pump 6 in a communication manner, and the control mechanism 3 controls the heat dissipation mechanisms 5 and the circulation pump 6 to perform heat dissipation treatment according to temperature data of the temperature sensor 21.
When the temperature of the cooling liquid 13 is higher than a first preset temperature, the first group of heat dissipation mechanisms 5 and the first group of circulating pumps 6 are started to dissipate heat;
when the temperature of the cooling liquid 13 is higher than a fourth preset temperature, a power supply loop of the energy storage lithium battery is disconnected, and the second group of heat dissipation mechanisms 5 and the second group of circulating pumps 6 are started to dissipate heat;
stopping the operation of the second group of heat dissipation mechanisms 5 and the second group of circulating pumps 6 when the temperature of the cooling liquid 13 is lower than a fifth preset temperature;
when the temperature of the cooling liquid 13 is lower than the second preset temperature, stopping running the first group of heat dissipation mechanisms 5 and the second group of circulating pumps 6;
the fourth preset temperature is higher than the first preset temperature, the fifth preset temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, and the second preset temperature is lower than the fifth preset temperature.
In the present embodiment, the cooling liquid 13 is cooled by direct heat exchange. In some embodiments, other heat dissipation and cooling manners may be adopted to dissipate heat, for example, by exchanging the cooling liquid 13, the cooling liquid 13 in the portion with too high temperature in the closed container 12 of the energy storage lithium battery unit 1 is pumped into the heat dissipation mechanism 5 by the action of the circulating pump 6, and exchanged with the cooling liquid 13 already subjected to supercooling stored in the heat dissipation mechanism 5, so that the exchange of hot liquid and cold liquid is realized, and the hot liquid is continuously stored in the heat dissipation mechanism 5 for heat dissipation treatment. Alternatively, air cooling, water cooling, or other suitable cooling means may be used, and is not particularly limited herein.
In step S4, the pressure release mechanism 4 is arranged outside the closed container 12 and is communicated with the upper space of the liquid surface of the cooling liquid 13, and the control mechanism 3 is in communication connection with the pressure release mechanism 4 to control the pressure in the closed container 12 according to the pressure data.
Further, in step S4, the method further includes the steps of:
step S4-1, arranging a pressure release mechanism 4 outside the closed container 12, wherein the pressure release mechanism 4 comprises a gas discharge channel 41 and a switch valve 42 which are communicated with the outside and the space above the liquid level of the cooling liquid 13; an on-off valve 42 is provided on the gas discharge passage 41 and is communicatively connected to the control mechanism 3;
the control mechanism 3 controls the on-off valve 42 according to the temperature and pressure of the cooling liquid 13; the control mechanism 3 controls the on-off valve 42 according to the temperature and pressure of the cooling liquid 13; the control means 3 determines whether or not the current state of the coolant 13 is boiling by combining the temperature data and the pressure data in the closed vessel 12, and thereby controls the on-off valve 42.
When the control mechanism 3 detects that the pressure in the closed container 12 is greater than a first preset air pressure value and/or the temperature of the cooling liquid 13 reaches a boiling point, the switch valve 42 is opened, the cooling liquid 13 steam is discharged out of the closed container 12, and the power supply loop of the energy storage lithium battery pack formed by at least two energy storage lithium battery monomers 11 is disconnected;
when the pressure in the closed container 12 falls within the second preset air pressure value and the temperature of the cooling liquid 13 falls to the third preset temperature, the switch valve 42 is closed;
wherein the second preset air pressure value is lower than the first preset air pressure value;
for example, the first preset air pressure value is set to be standard atmospheric pressure, the second preset air pressure value is set to be within 105% of atmospheric pressure, and the third preset temperature is set to be 5 ℃ or more than 5 ℃ of the boiling point of the cooling liquid 13, then when the pressure in the closed container 12 is detected to be higher than the standard atmospheric pressure, for example, 110% of the atmospheric pressure is reached, and/or when the temperature of the cooling liquid 13 reaches the boiling point thereof, the valve 71 is opened to perform air discharge, and meanwhile, the power supply circuit of the energy storage lithium battery pack of the corresponding heating section is disconnected;
when it is detected that the pressure in the closed vessel 12 falls to within 105% of the atmospheric pressure and the temperature of the cooling liquid 13 falls to 5 ℃ or higher below the boiling point of the cooling liquid 13, the on-off valve 42 is closed, and the exhaust is stopped.
Step S4-2, arranging the gas discharge channel 41 into a first channel 411 and a second channel 412, respectively, and arranging the pressure release member 43 on the pressure release mechanism 4, the pressure release member 43 being arranged on the second channel 412 in parallel with the on-off valve 42; the switch valve 42 is arranged on the first channel 411 to control the opening and closing of the first channel 411; when the pressure in the closed casing 12 increases drastically, the pressure in the second passage 412 is released by the pressure release member 43. The pressure release member 43 is a blind plate blocked in the second channel 412, and does not affect the opening and closing of the switch valve 42 to the first channel 411, and the pressure release member 43 is independently controlled to the second channel 412.
Further, the pressure release member 43 may be an explosion-proof membrane, where the explosion pressure of the explosion-proof membrane is lower than the maximum working pressure of the closed container 12, and a margin of 20% or more is left. Ensuring the safety of the closed vessel 12.
As shown in fig. 4, further, after step S4, the following steps are further included:
in step S5, the liquid-compensating tank 8 is arranged outside the closed container 12 and is connected with the circulating pump 6 through the circulating pipeline 7, the control mechanism 3 is connected with the liquid-compensating tank 8 in a communication manner, and at least one valve 71 is arranged on the circulating pipeline 7, and the control mechanism 3 controls the liquid-compensating tank 8 and the valve 71 according to the liquid level data of the liquid level sensor 23 to adjust the liquid level of the cooling liquid 13 in the closed container 12.
Specifically, the replenishing tank 8 supplies the replenishing coolant 13 to the heat dissipation circulation circuit through the circulation line 7, at least one valve 71 is provided in the circulation line 7, and the replenishing amount is controlled by adjusting the opening of the valve 71 to replenish the closed containers 12 of the respective sets of the energy storage lithium battery cells 1. When the cooling liquid 13 in the container is reduced due to evaporation, leakage, or the like, the valve 71 is opened to replenish the liquid.
According to the invention, the energy storage lithium battery is submerged in the cooling liquid 13, and the lithium battery is directly cooled by utilizing the latent heat of evaporation of the cooling liquid 13, so that abnormal temperature rise of the lithium battery in use can be effectively controlled, and thermal runaway of the lithium battery is restrained. In addition, the cooling liquid 13 can also be used as a fire extinguishing material, and when the thermal runaway explosion of the individual lithium batteries occurs, the fire disaster can be extinguished in time. By using the forced circulation cooling heat dissipation method, the dead zone effect generated in the natural circulation process of the cooling liquid 13 can be effectively improved, so that the overall temperature of the lithium battery system and the cooling liquid 13 thereof is stably controlled.
It is to be understood that the above examples only represent preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention; it should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, the above technical features can be freely combined, and several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention; therefore, all changes and modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
Claims (7)
1. The forced circulation cooling and heat dissipating device for the energy storage lithium battery is characterized by comprising at least one group of energy storage lithium battery units (1), a temperature sensor (21), a pressure sensor (22), a liquid level sensor (23), a control mechanism (3), a pressure release mechanism (4), at least one group of heat dissipating mechanisms (5) and at least one group of circulating pumps (6);
each group of energy storage lithium battery units (1) comprises at least two energy storage lithium battery units (11) and a closed container (12), wherein the at least two energy storage lithium battery units (11) are arranged in the closed container (12), and a cooling liquid (13) is arranged in the closed container (12) so as to submerge the at least two energy storage lithium battery units (11);
a mounting frame (121) is arranged in the closed container (12), a partition plate (122) is arranged on the mounting frame (121), the partition plate (122) at least partitions the mounting frame (121) into two battery mounting grids, and the energy storage lithium battery unit (11) is mounted in the battery mounting grids;
the temperature sensor (21), the pressure sensor (22) and the liquid level sensor (23) are arranged inside the closed container (12) and are respectively in communication connection with the control mechanism (3) outside the closed container (12) so as to transmit temperature data, pressure data and liquid level data to the control mechanism (3);
the pressure release mechanism (4) is arranged outside the closed container (12) and is communicated with the upper space of the liquid level of the cooling liquid (13), and the control mechanism (3) is in communication connection with the pressure release mechanism (4) so as to control the pressure in the closed container (12) according to the detected pressure data in the closed container (12);
the closed container (12) of the energy storage lithium battery unit (1) is connected with the heat dissipation mechanism (5) through a circulation pipeline (7) to form a heat dissipation circulation loop, and the circulation pump (6) is arranged on the circulation pipeline (7); the control mechanism (3) is respectively in communication connection with the at least one group of heat dissipation mechanisms (5) and the at least one group of circulating pumps (6);
the pressure release mechanism (4) comprises a gas discharge channel (41) communicated with the outside and the space above the liquid level of the cooling liquid (13), a switch valve (42) and a pressure release piece (43), wherein the switch valve (42) is arranged on the gas discharge channel (41) and is in communication connection with the control mechanism (3); the pressure release piece (43) is an explosion-proof film, the explosion pressure of the explosion-proof film is lower than the maximum working pressure of the closed container (12), and a margin of more than 20% is reserved;
the gas discharge channel (41) is divided into a first channel (411) and a second channel (412), and the pressure relief piece (43) is arranged on the second channel (412) which is connected with the switch valve (42) in parallel; the switch valve (42) is arranged on the first channel (411) to control the opening and closing of the first channel (411).
2. The forced circulation cooling and heat dissipation device for the energy storage lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein the forced circulation cooling and heat dissipation device for the energy storage lithium battery comprises a plurality of groups of energy storage lithium battery units (1),
the heat dissipation circulation loop comprises a heat dissipation circulation branch and a heat dissipation circulation main path, each group of energy storage lithium battery units (1) is connected to the heat dissipation circulation main path through the heat dissipation circulation branch respectively and is connected in series with the heat dissipation mechanism (5) and the circulation pump (6) which are arranged on the heat dissipation circulation main path so as to lead cooling liquid (13) in each group of energy storage lithium battery units (1) to the heat dissipation mechanism (5) for heat dissipation.
3. The forced circulation cooling and heat dissipation device for the energy storage lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein the forced circulation cooling and heat dissipation mechanism (5) for the energy storage lithium battery further comprises a liquid supplementing tank (8), the liquid supplementing tank (8) is arranged outside the closed container (12) and is connected with the circulating pump (6) through a circulating pipeline (7), the control mechanism (3) is in communication connection with the liquid supplementing tank (8), and at least one valve is arranged on the circulating pipeline (7) to adjust the liquid level of the cooling liquid (13) in the closed container (12).
4. The forced circulation cooling heat sink of an energy storage lithium battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the boiling temperature range of the cooling liquid (13) is 46-100 ℃.
5. The forced circulation cooling heat dissipation device of an energy storage lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein each group of heat dissipation mechanisms (5) comprises a heat exchanger (51) and a heat dissipation fan (52), the heat exchanger (51) is arranged outside the closed container (12) and is communicated with cooling liquid (13) in the closed container (12) through a circulation pipeline (7), and the heat dissipation fan (52) is arranged on the side wall of the heat exchanger (51).
6. The method for controlling the installation of the forced circulation cooling and radiating device of the energy storage lithium battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, at least one group of energy storage lithium battery units (1) are arranged; at least one closed container (12) is arranged, and at least two energy storage lithium battery cells (11) are arranged in at least one closed container (12); a cooling liquid (13) is put into the closed container (12) and submerges the at least two energy storage lithium battery cells (11);
s2, arranging a control mechanism (3) outside the closed container (12); a temperature sensor (21), a pressure sensor (22) and a liquid level sensor (23) are arranged inside the closed container (12) and are respectively in communication connection with the control mechanism (3) outside the closed container (12) so as to transmit temperature data, pressure data and liquid level data to the control mechanism (3);
s3, at least one group of heat dissipation mechanisms (5) and at least one group of circulating pumps (6) are arranged outside the closed container (12), the closed container (12) of the energy storage lithium battery unit (1) is connected with the heat dissipation mechanisms (5) through circulating pipelines (7) to form a heat dissipation circulating loop, and the circulating pumps (6) are arranged on the circulating pipelines (7); the control mechanism (3) controls the heat dissipation mechanism (5) and the circulating pump (6) to conduct heat dissipation treatment according to the temperature data of the temperature sensor (21);
when the temperature of the cooling liquid (13) is higher than a first preset temperature, starting the heat dissipation mechanism (5) and the circulating pump (6) to dissipate heat;
stopping the operation of the heat dissipation mechanism (5) and the circulating pump (6) when the temperature of the cooling liquid (13) is lower than a second preset temperature;
wherein the second preset temperature is lower than the first preset temperature;
s4, arranging a pressure release mechanism (4) outside the closed container (12) and communicating with the upper space of the liquid level of the cooling liquid (13), wherein the control mechanism (3) is in communication connection with the pressure release mechanism (4) so as to control the pressure in the closed container (12) according to the pressure data;
in step S4, the method further comprises the steps of:
s4-1, arranging a pressure relief mechanism (4) outside the closed container (12), wherein the pressure relief mechanism (4) comprises a gas discharge channel (41) and a switch valve (42) which are communicated with the outside and the space above the liquid level of the cooling liquid (13); -providing said on-off valve (42) on said gas discharge channel (41) and in communication with said control means (3);
the control mechanism (3) controls the switch valve (42) according to the temperature and the pressure of the cooling liquid (13); when the control mechanism (3) detects that the pressure in the closed container (12) is greater than a first preset air pressure value and/or the temperature of the cooling liquid (13) reaches a boiling point, the switch valve (42) is opened, the steam of the cooling liquid (13) is discharged out of the closed container (12), and meanwhile, a power supply loop of the energy storage lithium battery pack formed by the at least two energy storage lithium battery monomers (11) is disconnected;
when the pressure in the closed container (12) falls to be within a second preset air pressure value and the temperature of the cooling liquid (13) falls to a third preset temperature, the switch valve (42) is closed;
wherein the second preset air pressure value is lower than the first preset air pressure value;
step S4-2, arranging the gas discharge channel (41) into a first channel (411) and a second channel (412) respectively, and arranging a pressure release piece (43) on the pressure release mechanism (4), wherein the pressure release piece (43) is arranged on the second channel (412) which is connected with the switch valve (42) in parallel; -arranging said on-off valve (42) on said first channel (411) to control the opening and closing of said first channel (411); when the pressure in the closed container (12) rises sharply, the pressure of the second channel (412) is relieved through the pressure relieving piece (43).
7. The method for controlling the mounting of a forced circulation cooling heat sink for an energy storage lithium battery according to claim 6, further comprising, after step S4, the steps of:
and S5, arranging a liquid supplementing tank (8) outside the closed container (12), wherein the control mechanism (3) is in communication connection with the liquid supplementing tank (8), at least one valve is arranged on the circulating pipeline (7), and the control mechanism (3) controls the liquid supplementing tank (8) and the valve to adjust the liquid level of cooling liquid (13) in the closed container (12) according to the liquid level data of the liquid level sensor (23).
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