CN113764699A - Secondary fuel cell based on hydrogen storage material - Google Patents
Secondary fuel cell based on hydrogen storage material Download PDFInfo
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- CN113764699A CN113764699A CN202011632169.0A CN202011632169A CN113764699A CN 113764699 A CN113764699 A CN 113764699A CN 202011632169 A CN202011632169 A CN 202011632169A CN 113764699 A CN113764699 A CN 113764699A
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002761 BaCeO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RWDBMHZWXLUGIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Mg] Chemical compound [C].[Mg] RWDBMHZWXLUGIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OWXLRKWPEIAGAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[Cu] Chemical compound [Mg].[Cu] OWXLRKWPEIAGAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021523 barium zirconate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MHKWSJBPFXBFMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Fe] MHKWSJBPFXBFMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ATTFYOXEMHAYAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nickel Chemical compound [Mg].[Ni] ATTFYOXEMHAYAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002763 BaCe0.5Zr0.3Y0.16Zn0.04O3−δ Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001233 yttria-stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
- H01M8/04216—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes characterised by the choice for a specific material, e.g. carbon, hydride, absorbent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1231—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a secondary fuel cell based on hydrogen storage materials that can be heated efficiently and reused. The secondary fuel cell of the present invention has: a solid electrolyte body (2); a negative electrode (3) formed on one surface of the solid electrolyte body (2); a positive electrode (1) formed on the other surface of the solid electrolyte body (2); a solid electrolyte body heating unit (4) for heating and maintaining the solid electrolyte body (2) at a predetermined temperature or higher; a hydrogen storage material container (7) for storing a hydrogen storage material (8); a hydrogen storage material heating part (9) for heating the hydrogen storage material container (7) and the hydrogen storage material (8); a temperature controller (11) for heating or cooling the hydrogen gas in the pipeline (10); and a gas compressor (12) for compressing the hydrogen gas transferred from the solid electrolyte body (2) and transferring to the hydrogen storage material container (7).
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a secondary fuel cell useful as a power source for stationary or mobile bodies such as automobiles and a power source for portable use, and more particularly to a secondary fuel cell having a fuel gas regeneration device.
Background
With the development of society, the problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution become more serious, and the consumption of human beings on traditional energy sources is increased, so that the environmental pollution and the greenhouse effect are further worsened. It is necessary to develop a cleaner and more efficient energy utilization means, and the fuel cell is considered as an effective solution to the increasingly serious global energy crisis and environmental pollution problems. The device converts chemical energy into electric energy through electrochemical reaction, and has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental friendliness, high safety and reliability and the like. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) based on oxygen ion conduction are the hot spots of current research, and can be used as fixed power supplies and small-sized mobile power supplies for automobiles, computers, mobile phones and the like.
The SOFC basic structural unit includes porous cathode and anode materials and a dense electrolyte. SOFCs are typically operated at high temperatures (>600 ℃) and have power generation efficiencies in excess of 60%, being the most efficient fuel cells. In recent years, the study of proton-conducting SOFCs has also been attracting widespread attention in succession.
The proton conductor material exhibits proton conduction characteristics and lower activation energy than an oxygen ion conductor under an atmosphere of hydrogen and water vapor. In addition, in the proton conductor solid oxide fuel cell, protons cross the electrolyte from the anode end to the cathode end and react with oxygen ions to generate water, and the water is discharged from the cathode end, so that fuel dilution is effectively avoided, and the proton conductor solid oxide fuel cell is more efficient.
Combining SOFCs with hydrogen storage materials to form reusable secondary fuel cells is an important approach to broadening SOFC applications. In the current secondary fuel cell, a pair of metal and oxide thereof is used for storing hydrogen, but due to high working temperature, various energy-storing metal and oxide materials thereof are easy to be sintered into large particles, so that gas circulation is not smooth, and the cell efficiency is reduced.
The combination of proton conducting SOFC and metal and its hydride on hydrogen storage material is a case that has not been studied so far, and this fuel cell effectively avoids the problems faced by oxygen ion conducting SOFC and secondary fuel cell composed of metal and its oxide on hydrogen storage material, and is a very promising secondary fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a secondary fuel cell based on a hydrogen storage material.
The present invention provides a secondary fuel cell based on hydrogen storage material, having: a gas-tight solid electrolyte body that conducts hydrogen ions; a negative electrode formed on one surface of the solid electrolyte body and configured to oxidize hydrogen into hydrogen ions during discharge; a positive electrode formed on the other surface of the solid electrolyte body and configured to reduce oxygen to water during discharge; a solid electrolyte body heating unit for heating and maintaining the solid electrolyte body at a predetermined temperature or higher; a hydrogen storage material container for storing a hydrogen storage material; a hydrogen storage material for releasing hydrogen upon discharge; a hydrogen storage material heating section for heating the hydrogen storage material container and the hydrogen storage material; the temperature controller is used for heating or cooling the hydrogen in the pipeline; and a gas compressor for compressing the hydrogen gas transferred from the solid electrolyte body and transferring to the hydrogen storage material container.
Preferably, the solid electrolyte body is cylindrical, the positive electrode is formed on an outer surface of the solid electrolyte body in a cylindrical shape, the negative electrode is formed on an inner surface of the solid electrolyte body in a cylindrical shape, the solid electrolyte body heating unit is cylindrical and disposed outside the cylindrical solid electrolyte body, the hydrogen storage material container is cylindrical, and the hydrogen storage material heating unit is provided on an outer surface of the hydrogen storage material container.
Preferably, the solid electrolyte body is connected to the hydrogen storage material container through a pipe connecting the gas compressor and the temperature controller from the hydrogen storage material container.
Preferably, the negative electrode reduces hydrogen ions to hydrogen gas when charged, the positive electrode oxidizes water to hydrogen ions and oxygen when charged, and the hydrogen storage material absorbs hydrogen gas when charged.
Preferably, the solid electrolyte body is made of BaCeO3Base electrolyte, BaZrO3One or more species selected from the group consisting of base electrolytes.
Preferably, the hydrogen storage material container is made of a stainless steel material.
Preferably, the hydrogen storage material is one of magnesium-graphite, magnesium-iron, magnesium-carbon nanotube, iron-graphene, magnesium-copper and magnesium-nickel material.
Preferably, the solid electrolyte body heating part may heat the solid electrolyte body to 650 to 1000 ℃ and maintain the temperature range.
Preferably, the hydrogen storage material heating part can heat the hydrogen storage material container and the hydrogen storage material to 200-400 ℃ and keep the temperature range.
Preferably, the temperature controller can heat the hydrogen in the pipeline from 200-400 ℃ to 650-1000 ℃, or reduce the temperature from 650-1000 ℃ to 200-400 ℃.
Preferably, the gas compressor can compress hydrogen in the pipeline to 0.2-30 atmospheric pressures during charging, and transmit the compressed hydrogen to the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage material container.
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a secondary fuel cell that can be heated efficiently and can be reused.
In addition, according to the invention, the hydrogen storage material and the solid oxide fuel cell can be perfectly combined to form the secondary fuel cell with high efficiency and high energy density.
The beneficial effects provided by the invention are as follows:
(1) the external hydrogen storage material is used for storing hydrogen, so that the sintering problem caused by the traditional metal-metal oxide hydrogen storage is avoided, and the external hydrogen storage material separates the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the solid electrolyte, so that a more proper temperature can be adopted, and the cycle performance of a battery system is improved.
(2) The hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank only depends on the size of the hydrogen storage tank and the loading capacity of the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage tank, so that the large-capacity hydrogen storage tank is easy to design, and the practicability is improved.
(3) The hydrogen gas stored in the hydrogen storage tank can be used for secondary fuel cells, and can also be used in other occasions, such as hydrogenation of hydrogen fuel cells and the like
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an operation of the fuel cell according to the embodiment of the present invention.
1-positive electrode, 2-solid electrolyte, 3-negative electrode, 4-solid electrolyte heating part, 5-negative electrode current collector, 6-positive electrode current collector, 7-hydrogen storage material container, 8-hydrogen storage material, 9-hydrogen storage material heating part, 10-pipeline, 11-temperature controller, 12-gas compressor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows an overall structure of a secondary fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As is apparent from fig. 1, the secondary fuel cell according to the present embodiment is constituted by a cylindrical solid electrolyte body 2, a cylindrical hydrogen storage material container 7, and a pipe 10 connecting these members. The cylindrical solid electrolyte body 2 has a cylindrical positive electrode 1 on the outside, a cylindrical negative electrode 3 on the inside, a cylindrical solid electrolyte body heating part 4 on the lower side, and a pipe 10 connected to the upper side, and the positive electrode 1, the solid electrolyte body 2, and the negative electrode 3 are adhered to each other. A hydrogen storage material 8 is filled in a cylindrical hydrogen storage material container 7, a cylindrical hydrogen storage material heating part 9 is provided outside, and a pipe 10 is connected to a side surface.
The pipe 10 is connected to the gas compressor 12 and the temperature controller 11 in this order from the hydrogen storage material container 7, and finally to the solid electrolyte body 2.
The positive electrode 1 is connected to a positive electrode current collector 6, and the negative electrode 3 is connected to a negative electrode current collector 5, and is led out as a terminal.
The positive electrode 1 is formed of, for example, LSM, LSC, or the like, and has catalytic functions for a reduction reaction of oxygen and an oxidation reaction of water, electron conductivity, air permeability, and stability under an oxidizing atmosphere.
The solid electrolyte 2 is made of BaCeO3Base electrolyte, BaZrO3One or more substances selected from the group consisting of base electrolytes, e.g. Ba (Zr)0.1Ce0.7Y0.2)O3–δ、BaZr0.8Y0.2O2.9、Ba0.97Zr0.77Y0.16Zn0.04O2.88、BaCe0.5Zr0.3Y0.16Zn0.04O3–δ、BaCe0.4Zr0.4Y0.2O3-δ/BaCe0.8Pr0.2O3-δ。
These substances are airtight and watertight and do not allow water to penetrate. Since these substances hardly conduct hydrogen ions at normal temperature, the solid electrolyte body 2 is preferably kept at a temperature exceeding 300 ℃ during operation of the secondary fuel cell, and is preferably kept heated at 650 to 1000 ℃.
The negative electrode 3 is made of, for example, a composite material of yttria-stabilized zirconia and nickel, and has an electron conductivity, gas permeability, and stability in a reducing atmosphere in addition to a catalytic function for an oxidation reaction of hydrogen and a reduction reaction of hydrogen ions.
The solid electrolyte body heating unit 4 is constituted by, for example, a resistance heating element, arc heating, induction heating, dielectric heating, microwave heating, etc., and can perform heating at about 650 to 1000 ℃.
The solid electrolyte body heating unit 4 heats and maintains the solid electrolyte body 2 at a predetermined temperature at the start of the initial operation. When the secondary fuel cell is in a steady operation state, the solid electrolyte body heating portions 4 may maintain a steady operation temperature by heating or cooling the solid electrolyte bodies 2. An external control device capable of externally setting or changing temperature control conditions such as a set temperature may be added to the solid electrolyte body heating portions 4.
Further, the hydrogen storage material container 7 is made of, for example, stainless steel which is stable at high temperature, has good thermal conductivity and gas tightness, and does not react with hydrogen gas at high temperature.
Also, the hydrogen storage material 8 is made of, for example, one of magnesium-graphite, magnesium-iron, magnesium-carbon nanotube, iron-graphene, magnesium-copper, and magnesium-nickel materials, has a high hydrogen storage capacity, can release hydrogen gas at high temperature and normal pressure, and can absorb and store hydrogen gas at high temperature and high pressure.
The hydrogen storage material heating unit 9 is constituted by, for example, a resistance heating unit, arc heating, induction heating, dielectric heating, microwave heating, etc., and can perform heating at about 200 to 400 ℃, and can be operated by an external power supply.
And, the hydrogen storage material heating portion 9 heats and maintains the hydrogen storage material container 7 at a predetermined temperature at the start of the initial operation. Further, when the secondary fuel cell is in a steady operation state, the hydrogen storage material heating unit 9 may maintain a steady operation temperature by heating or cooling the hydrogen storage material container 7. Further, an external control device capable of externally setting or changing temperature control conditions such as a set temperature may be added to the hydrogen storage material heating unit 9.
The temperature controller 11 is composed of a heating unit, for example, a resistance heating element, an arc heating, an induction heating, a dielectric heating, a microwave heating, and a cooling unit, for example, an oil cooling device, and is capable of heating the hydrogen gas in the pipe from 200 to 400 ℃ to 650 to 1000 ℃ or reducing the temperature from 650 to 1000 ℃ to 200 to 400 ℃.
In addition, the gas compressor 12 can compress the hydrogen in the pipeline 10 to 0.2-30 atmospheric pressures during charging, and transmit the compressed hydrogen to the hydrogen storage material 8 in the hydrogen storage material container 7. Compressed hydrogen gas is passed into the hydrogen storage material 8, which can be agitated to prevent agglomeration.
The material of the positive electrode current collector 6 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a material having stability in an oxidizing atmosphere, and examples thereof include titanium, stainless steel, silver, and an alloy mainly composed of these.
The material of the negative electrode current collector 5 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a material having stability in a reducing atmosphere, and examples thereof include silver, platinum, gold, copper, titanium stainless steel, and an alloy mainly containing the same.
Next, the operation of the secondary fuel cell will be described.
Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an operation of the secondary fuel cell according to the embodiment of the present invention.
The secondary fuel cell includes a positive electrode 1, a solid electrolyte 2, a negative electrode 3, and a hydrogen storage material 8, and the positive electrode 1, the solid electrolyte 2, and the negative electrode 3 are respectively adhered and connected.
When the positive electrode 1, the solid electrolyte body 2, and the negative electrode 3 are heated to 650 to 1000 ℃ by the solid electrolyte body heating part 4 not shown in fig. 2, and the hydrogen storage material 8 is heated to 200 to 400 ℃ by the hydrogen storage material heating part 9 not shown in fig. 2, the hydrogen storage material 8 releases hydrogen (H) (H2) And then led to a temperature controller 11 through a pipe 10, and hydrogen (H) is fed from the temperature controller 112) The temperature of the solid electrolyte is heated from 200 to 400 ℃ to 650 to 1000 ℃, and then the solid electrolyte 2 is introduced.
In the solid electrolyte body 2, the negative electrode 3 absorbs hydrogen (H)2) And oxidizing it to hydrogen ions (H)+) Hydrogen ion (H)+) Is transferred from the negative electrode 3 to the positive electrode 1 through the solid electrolyte 2, and oxygen (O) is supplied to the outside at the positive electrode 12) Reduction to water (H)2O)。
Hydrogen (H)2) Charge 2e of-This reaction causes a current to flow from the cathode 3 to the anode 1 through the wiring, and a current flows from the anode 1 to the cathode 3.
As long as hydrogen (H) is also stored in the hydrogen storage material 82) The secondary fuel cell can be discharged.
Also, a reaction opposite to that upon discharging may occur during charging. Water (H)2O) is oxidized at the positive electrode 1 and decomposed into hydrogen ions (H)+) And oxygen (O)2) Hydrogen ion (H)+) The hydrogen ions (H) are transported from the positive electrode 1 to the negative electrode 3 through the solid electrolyte body 2, and the negative electrode 3 transfers the hydrogen ions+) Reduction to hydrogen (H)2) Hydrogen (H)2) Is transmitted to a temperature controller 11 through a pipeline 10, and is hydrogen (H) is transmitted from the temperature controller 112) The temperature of the cooling liquid is cooled from 650-1000 ℃ to 200-400 ℃.
Then, hydrogen (H)2) The hydrogen (H) in the pipeline 10 is led into a gas compressor 12 by the pipeline 10, and the gas compressor 12 is used for compressing the hydrogen (H) in the pipeline 102) Compressing to 0.2-30 atm, and compressing hydrogen (H)2) To the hydrogen storage material 8 in the hydrogen storage material container 7.
The hydrogen storage material 8 absorbs and stores hydrogen at a temperature of 200-400 ℃ and under 0.2-30 atmospheric pressure until reaching the upper limit of the capacity.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A secondary fuel cell based on hydrogen storage material, comprising:
a gas-tight solid electrolyte body that conducts hydrogen ions;
a negative electrode formed on one surface of the solid electrolyte body and configured to oxidize hydrogen into hydrogen ions during discharge;
a positive electrode formed on the other surface of the solid electrolyte body and configured to reduce oxygen to water during discharge;
a solid electrolyte body heating unit for heating and maintaining the solid electrolyte body at a predetermined temperature or higher;
the positive electrode, the solid electrolyte body and the negative electrode form one side, and the negative electrode, the solid electrolyte body and the positive electrode form the opposite side;
a hydrogen storage material container for storing a hydrogen storage material;
a hydrogen storage material for releasing hydrogen upon discharge;
a hydrogen storage material heating section for heating the hydrogen storage material container and the hydrogen storage material;
the temperature controller is used for heating or cooling the hydrogen in the pipeline;
and a gas compressor for compressing the hydrogen gas transferred from the solid electrolyte body and transferring to the hydrogen storage material container.
2. The secondary fuel cell according to claim 1,
the solid electrolyte body is in a cylindrical shape,
the positive electrode is formed in a cylindrical shape on an outer surface of the solid electrolyte body,
the negative electrode is formed in a cylindrical shape on an inner surface of the solid electrolyte body,
the solid electrolyte body heating portion is cylindrical and disposed outside the cylindrical solid electrolyte body,
the hydrogen storage material container is in a cylindrical shape,
the hydrogen storage material heating part is arranged on the outer surface of the hydrogen storage material container.
3. The secondary fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the solid electrolyte body and the hydrogen storage material container are connected by a pipe. The pipeline is connected with the temperature controller and the gas compressor.
4. The secondary fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the negative electrode reduces hydrogen ions to hydrogen gas when charged,
the positive electrode oxidizes water into hydrogen ions and oxygen when charged,
the hydrogen storage material absorbs hydrogen gas upon charging.
5. The secondary fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the solid electrolyte body is BaCeO3Base electrolyte, BaZrO3One or more than two of the base electrolytes.
6. The secondary fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hydrogen storage material container is made of a stainless material.
7. The secondary fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hydrogen storage material is one of magnesium-graphite, magnesium-iron, magnesium-carbon nanotube, iron-graphene, magnesium-copper, and magnesium-nickel material.
8. The secondary fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the solid electrolyte body heating portion is configured to heat the solid electrolyte body to 650 ℃ to 1000 ℃ and maintain the temperature in this range.
9. The secondary fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hydrogen storage material heating section heats the hydrogen storage material container and the hydrogen storage material to 200 to 400 ℃ and maintains the temperature range.
10. The secondary fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the temperature controller is configured to heat the hydrogen gas in the pipe from 200 to 400 ℃ to 650 to 1000 ℃, or cool the hydrogen gas from 650 to 1000 ℃ to 200 to 400 ℃.
11. The secondary fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gas compressor compresses hydrogen gas in the pipe to 0.2 to 30 atmospheres during charging, and transfers the compressed hydrogen gas to the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage material container.
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