CN113756465A - Variable-rigidity friction damper - Google Patents
Variable-rigidity friction damper Download PDFInfo
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- CN113756465A CN113756465A CN202111130249.0A CN202111130249A CN113756465A CN 113756465 A CN113756465 A CN 113756465A CN 202111130249 A CN202111130249 A CN 202111130249A CN 113756465 A CN113756465 A CN 113756465A
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- plate
- strength bolt
- cambered surface
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/0215—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings involving active or passive dynamic mass damping systems
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/0237—Structural braces with damping devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a variable-stiffness friction damper which comprises an outer cover plate, a cambered surface friction plate, a rubber plate, a first steel base plate, a second steel base plate, a first high-strength bolt, a second high-strength bolt and a third high-strength bolt, wherein the outer cover plate is fixedly connected with the outer cover plate; the two outer cover plates are positioned on the outermost layer, the two cambered surface friction plates are positioned on the secondary outer layer, the rubber plate is positioned in the middle, the first steel base plate and the second steel base plate are respectively positioned at two ends of the rubber plate, and a certain distance is reserved between the second steel base plate and the rubber plate; an arc surface groove arc is formed in the outer cover plate, an arc surface bulge is arranged on one side surface of the arc surface friction plate, and the arc surface bulge is located in the arc surface groove. The invention can control the magnitude of the friction force and the length of the working displacement by controlling the pretightening force of the high-strength bolt, the thickness of the rubber plate and the length of the cambered surface so as to adapt to the energy consumption requirements of different conditions, and improve the structural rigidity through the change of the friction force. All the plate types are simple, the high-strength bolts are used for connection, the assembly type requirements are met, the assembly is simple, and the mass production is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dampers, in particular to a variable-stiffness friction damper.
Background
Earthquake disasters seriously threaten the survival and development of human beings. With the development of science and the improvement of the living standard of human beings, the capability of preventing and resisting earthquake disasters is continuously improved, and the structural damping technology is continuously developed and applied as an effective method for resisting earthquake along with the improvement of science. The technology becomes a mature technology in the earthquake resistance of the engineering structure, the vibration reaction of the structure is changed by adjusting or changing the dynamic parameters of the structure in the shock absorption control of the structure, and the safety of the structure in the earthquake is effectively protected. The energy-consuming and shock-absorbing method for controlling the earthquake reaction of the structure by adding energy-consuming devices (such as dampers) into the structure is an effective, safe, reliable and economic shock-absorbing method in the structure shock-absorbing control technology. The mechanism of the friction damper for controlling the vibration of the building structure is to consume a part of energy in the vibration of the building structure through the friction of the friction damper, thereby achieving the purposes of energy consumption and shock absorption. The friction damper has the advantages of convenient material obtaining, low manufacturing cost, simple structure, convenient installation and maintenance, wide application range and special advantages for the structure of the near-fault earthquake action and the middle-high-rise earthquake action, thereby being widely applied.
The traditional friction damper has some problems, the friction force of the traditional friction damper is always kept unchanged after the traditional friction damper starts to slide, a hysteresis curve is rectangular, the rigidity of the structure cannot be improved, and the control effect is kept unchanged under different dynamic responses.
Further, chain link type variable stiffness friction dampers are proposed, as in patent application No.: CN201521074930.8, drive the slider through the chain pole and slide along friction plate arc surface and realize the damping effect that frictional force changes along with the displacement change, although solved traditional friction damper frictional force and remain unchangeable problem throughout, its plate-type and piston processing are complicated, are unfavorable for industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a variable-stiffness friction damper to solve the technical problem.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the variable-stiffness friction damper comprises an outer cover plate, a cambered surface friction plate, a rubber plate, a first steel base plate, a second steel base plate, a first high-strength bolt, a second high-strength bolt and a third high-strength bolt;
the two outer cover plates are positioned on the outermost layer, the two cambered surface friction plates are positioned on the secondary outer layer, the rubber plate is positioned in the middle, the first steel base plate and the second steel base plate are respectively positioned at two ends of the rubber plate, and a certain distance is reserved between the second steel base plate and the rubber plate;
the outer cover plate is provided with a first positioning round hole, a first round hole and a cambered surface groove;
a cambered surface bulge is arranged on one side surface of the cambered surface friction plate, a second positioning round hole is arranged at one end of the cambered surface friction plate, a first strip-shaped hole is formed in the cambered surface friction plate, the cambered surface bulge is perpendicular to the first strip-shaped hole, the first round hole corresponds to the first strip-shaped hole, a certain moving distance is reserved between the first round hole and the end part of the first strip-shaped hole, and the cambered surface bulge is located in the cambered surface groove;
a second strip-shaped hole is formed in the rubber plate and corresponds to the first strip-shaped hole;
a second round hole is formed in the first steel base plate and corresponds to the second positioning round hole;
a third round hole is formed in the second steel base plate and corresponds to the first positioning round hole;
the first high-strength bolt penetrates through the first round hole, the first strip-shaped hole and the second strip-shaped hole and fixes the two cambered surface friction plates and the rubber plate between the two outer cover plates without a gap; the second high-strength bolt penetrates through the second positioning round hole and the second round hole and is fixed, and the thickness of the first steel backing plate is smaller than that of the rubber plate in an uncompressed state; and the third high-strength bolt penetrates through the first positioning round hole and the third round hole and is fixed, and the thickness of the second steel backing plate is smaller than the sum of the thicknesses of the rubber plate in an uncompressed state and the two cambered surface friction plates.
As a preferable mode of the variable-rigidity friction damper, the outer cover plate, the cambered surface friction plate and the rubber plate are all rectangular, and the first strip-shaped holes are formed in the length direction of the cambered surface friction plate.
As a preferable mode of the variable-stiffness friction damper, the number of the first round holes is two, and the two first round holes are located on two sides of the arc-shaped groove.
As a preferable mode of the variable stiffness friction damper, the rubber plate is thicker than 20mm, made of natural rubber, butadiene rubber or chloroprene rubber and has the hardness of more than 55 IRHD.
As a preferable mode of the variable-stiffness friction damper, the width of the second strip-shaped hole in the rubber plate is greater than the sum of the lateral deformation value of the rubber plate under the action of the pretightening force and the diameter of the first high-strength bolt.
As a preferable mode of the variable-stiffness friction damper, the height of the arc-shaped protrusion of the arc-shaped friction plate is the same as the depression depth of the arc-shaped groove on the outer cover plate, so that the top of the arc-shaped protrusion is in contact with the bottom of the arc-shaped groove.
As a preferable mode of the variable-stiffness friction damper, the thickness of the first steel backing plate is 2-3 mm smaller than that of the rubber plate after the pretightening force is applied;
the thickness of the second steel backing plate is smaller than the sum of the thickness of the rubber plate subjected to the pre-tightening force and the thickness of the two cambered surface friction plates by 2-3 mm.
As a preferable mode of the variable-stiffness friction damper, the first high-strength bolt, the second high-strength bolt and the third high-strength bolt reduce the loss of pre-tightening force by adding a disc spring and/or adding two nuts.
As a preferable mode of the variable-stiffness friction damper, the first high-strength bolt, the second high-strength bolt and the third high-strength bolt are provided with limit marks for prompting the optimal rotation depth of the nut.
As a preferable mode of the variable-stiffness friction damper, the arc radius of the arc-shaped groove is 1-1.45 times of the length of the arc-shaped groove, and the length of the arc-shaped protrusion is smaller than 1/3 of the length of the arc-shaped groove.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention can control the magnitude of the friction force and the length of the working displacement by controlling the pretightening force of the high-strength bolt, the thickness of the rubber plate and the length of the cambered surface so as to adapt to the energy consumption requirements of different conditions, and improve the structural rigidity through the change of the friction force.
(2) All the plate types are simple, only holes or grooves are formed in the plates, and the processing is convenient. Each subassembly only satisfies the requirement of assembled through high strength bolt connection, and the equipment is simple, the volume production of being convenient for.
(3) The components of the invention are convenient to replace after being worn, and the repair work of the building after the earthquake is convenient to be carried out.
(4) The high-strength bolt is provided with a limiting mark for prompting the optimal rotation depth of the nut, and uniform and easy installation is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable stiffness friction damper disclosed in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of a variable stiffness friction damper disclosed in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a variable stiffness friction damper of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an outer cover plate disclosed in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a friction shoe according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic mechanism diagram of the rubber plate disclosed by the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the first steel shim plate disclosed in the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a second steel shim plate disclosed in the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. an outer cover plate; 101. a first positioning round hole; 102. a first circular hole; 103. a cambered surface groove; 2. a cambered surface friction plate; 201. a first bar-shaped hole; 202. the cambered surface is convex; 203. a second positioning round hole; 3. a rubber plate; 301. a second bar-shaped hole; 4. a first steel backing plate; 401. a second circular hole; 5. a second steel backing plate; 501. a third circular hole; 6. a first high-strength bolt; 7. a second high-strength bolt; 8. and a third high-strength bolt.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-3, the present embodiment provides a variable stiffness friction damper, which includes an outer cover plate 1, a friction arc plate 2, a rubber plate 3, a first steel backing plate 4, a second steel backing plate 5, a first high-strength bolt 6, a second high-strength bolt 7, and a third high-strength bolt 8.
Two outer apron 1 are located outmost, and two cambered surface friction plates 2 are located secondary skin, and rubber slab 3 is located the centre, and first steel backing plate 4 and second steel backing plate 5 are located the both ends of rubber slab 3 respectively, have a determining deviation between second steel backing plate 5 and the rubber slab 3.
Referring to fig. 4, the outer cover plate 1 is provided with a first positioning circular hole 101, a first circular hole 102 and an arc groove 103.
Referring to fig. 5, a side surface of the arc friction plate 2 is provided with an arc protrusion 202, the other side of the arc friction plate 2 is a plane, one end of the arc friction plate 2 is provided with a second positioning round hole 203, and the arc friction plate 2 is provided with a first strip-shaped hole 201, the arc protrusion 202 is perpendicular to the first strip-shaped hole 201, the first round hole 102 corresponds to the first strip-shaped hole 201, and the end of the first round hole 102 and the end of the first strip-shaped hole 201 have a certain moving distance, and the arc protrusion 202 is located in the arc groove 103.
Referring to fig. 6, a second bar-shaped hole 301 is formed in the rubber plate 3, and the second bar-shaped hole 301 corresponds to the first bar-shaped hole 201.
Referring to fig. 7, a second round hole 401 is formed in the first steel backing plate 4, and the second round hole 401 corresponds to the second positioning round hole 203, and has the same diameter and the same circle center.
Referring to fig. 8, a third circular hole 501 is formed in the second steel backing plate 5, and the third circular hole 501 corresponds to the first positioning circular hole 101, and has the same diameter and aligned circle centers.
The first high-strength bolt 6 passes through the first round hole 102, the first strip-shaped hole 201 and the second strip-shaped hole 301 and fixes the two cambered friction plates 2 and the rubber plate 3 between the two outer cover plates 1 without a gap. The second high-strength bolt 7 penetrates through the second positioning round hole 203 and the second round hole 401 and is fixed, and the thickness of the first steel backing plate 4 is smaller than that of the rubber plate 3 in an uncompressed state. The third high-strength bolt 8 penetrates through the first positioning round hole 101 and the third round hole 501 and is fixed, and the thickness of the second steel base plate 5 is smaller than the sum of the thicknesses of the rubber plate 3 in an uncompressed state and the two cambered surface friction plates 2. The first high-strength bolt 6 applies initial pretightening force to control the starting friction force, and the second high-strength bolt and the third high-strength bolt only play a role in connection.
When the cambered surface friction plate 2 and the rubber plate 3 slide relative to the outer cover plate 1, friction force is generated, the magnitude of the friction force is controlled by the radian of the cambered surface groove 103 in the outer cover plate 1 and the bolt pre-tightening force of the first high-strength bolt 6, and the length of the cambered surface is determined according to actual working displacement.
In this embodiment, the outer cover plate 1, the friction arc plate 2, and the rubber plate 3 are all rectangular, and the first strip-shaped hole 201 is arranged along the length direction of the friction arc plate 2. In other embodiments, the shapes of the outer cover plate 1, the friction arc plate 2 and the rubber plate 3 can also be square, oval, round, hexagonal, etc.
The number of the first round holes 102 can be two, and the two first round holes 102 are symmetrically located on two sides of the arc-shaped groove 103, so that pretightening force can be more stably provided.
The thickness of the rubber plate 3 is larger than 20mm, so that the rubber plate 3 cannot deform excessively in the thickness direction to cause failure under the action of the pretightening force of the bolt. The rubber plate is made of natural rubber, butadiene rubber or chloroprene rubber with high elasticity and strength, and the hardness of the rubber plate is more than 55IRHD so as to ensure that the rubber plate provides enough elastic force.
The width of the second strip-shaped hole 301 in the rubber plate 3 should be larger than the sum of the lateral deformation value of the rubber plate 3 under the action of the pretightening force and the diameter of the first high-strength bolt 6.
The height of the arc-shaped protrusion 202 of the arc friction plate 2 is the same as the depression depth of the arc-shaped groove 103 on the outer cover plate 1, so that the top of the arc-shaped protrusion 202 is in contact with the bottom of the arc-shaped groove 103.
The thickness of the first steel base plate 4 is smaller than the thickness of the rubber plate after the pretightening force is applied by 2-3 mm, and the rubber plate 3 is prevented from being deformed due to the contact with the cambered surface friction plate 2. The thickness of the second steel base plate 5 is smaller than the thickness of the rubber plate 3 after the pretightening force is applied and the sum of the thicknesses of the two cambered surface friction plates 2 is 2-3 mm, so that the rubber plate 3 is prevented from being influenced by the contact with the outer cover plate 1.
Further, when installing first high-strength bolt 6, second high-strength bolt 7 and third high-strength bolt 8, the depth of rotation of nut is directly influencing the frictional force size of attenuator, and installation personnel do not all have very abundant experience to judge the depth of rotation of nut again, consequently, in order to realize unified and light installation, this embodiment is after a large amount of tests at the attenuator of different models, be provided with limit mark on first high-strength bolt 6, second high-strength bolt 7 and third high-strength bolt 8 for the best depth of rotation of suggestion nut. The limit marks may be scales provided on the first high-strength bolt 5 and the second high-strength bolt 4. The first high-strength bolt 6, the second high-strength bolt 7 and the third high-strength bolt 8 can reduce the loss of pretightening force by adding a disc spring and/or adding two nuts, and the two nuts can be replaced by anti-skid nuts.
The arc radius of arc surface recess 103 is 1 ~ 1.45 times the length of arc surface recess 103 to guarantee that frictional force obviously increases along with the displacement increase, the arc surface recess of this radian can guarantee certain distance of sliding, can obviously increase frictional force along with sliding again. The length of the arc protrusion 202 is less than 1/3 of the length of the arc groove 103. The length of the cambered surface groove 103 refers to the length along the length direction of the outer cover plate 1; the length of the shoe arch 202 refers to the length along the length of the shoe arch 2.
One end of the first high-strength bolt 6 is provided with threads outside the cambered friction plate 2, and is not provided with threads in the thickness of the superposition of the cambered friction plate 2 and the first steel backing plate 4; one end of the second high-strength bolt 7 is provided with threads outside the outer cover plate 1, and is not provided with threads within the thickness of the outer cover plate 1, the cambered surface friction plate 2 and the rubber plate 3; the two ends of the third high-strength bolt 8 are provided with threads outside the outer cover plate 1, and the threads are not arranged in the thickness of the superposition of the outer cover plate 1 and the second steel base plate 5.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A variable-stiffness friction damper is characterized by comprising an outer cover plate, a cambered surface friction plate, a rubber plate, a first steel base plate, a second steel base plate, a first high-strength bolt, a second high-strength bolt and a third high-strength bolt;
the two outer cover plates are positioned on the outermost layer, the two cambered surface friction plates are positioned on the secondary outer layer, the rubber plate is positioned in the middle, the first steel base plate and the second steel base plate are respectively positioned at two ends of the rubber plate, and a certain distance is reserved between the second steel base plate and the rubber plate;
the outer cover plate is provided with a first positioning round hole, a first round hole and a cambered surface groove;
a cambered surface bulge is arranged on one side surface of the cambered surface friction plate, a second positioning round hole is arranged at one end of the cambered surface friction plate, a first strip-shaped hole is formed in the cambered surface friction plate, the cambered surface bulge is perpendicular to the first strip-shaped hole, the first round hole corresponds to the first strip-shaped hole, a certain moving distance is reserved between the first round hole and the end part of the first strip-shaped hole, and the cambered surface bulge is located in the cambered surface groove;
a second strip-shaped hole is formed in the rubber plate and corresponds to the first strip-shaped hole;
a second round hole is formed in the first steel base plate and corresponds to the second positioning round hole;
a third round hole is formed in the second steel base plate and corresponds to the first positioning round hole;
the first high-strength bolt penetrates through the first round hole, the first strip-shaped hole and the second strip-shaped hole and fixes the two cambered surface friction plates and the rubber plate between the two outer cover plates without a gap; the second high-strength bolt penetrates through the second positioning round hole and the second round hole and is fixed, and the thickness of the first steel backing plate is smaller than that of the rubber plate in an uncompressed state; and the third high-strength bolt penetrates through the first positioning round hole and the third round hole and is fixed, and the thickness of the second steel backing plate is smaller than the sum of the thicknesses of the rubber plate in an uncompressed state and the two cambered surface friction plates.
2. The variable-stiffness friction damper according to claim 1, wherein the outer cover plate, the friction arc plate and the rubber plate are all rectangular, and the first strip-shaped holes are formed in the length direction of the friction arc plate.
3. The variable stiffness friction damper of claim 2, wherein the first circular hole has two, two first circular holes located on either side of the cambered groove.
4. The variable stiffness friction damper of claim 1, wherein the rubber plate is thicker than 20mm, is made of natural rubber, butadiene rubber or chloroprene rubber, and has a hardness greater than 55 IRHD.
5. The variable stiffness friction damper of claim 4, wherein the width of the second strip hole in the rubber plate is greater than the sum of the lateral deformation value of the rubber plate under the pre-tightening force and the diameter of the first high-strength bolt.
6. The variable stiffness friction damper of claim 1, wherein the height of the friction shoe lobes is the same as the depth of the outer cover plate lobe recesses such that the lobe tops contact the pocket bottoms.
7. The variable stiffness friction damper according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the first steel backing plate is 2-3 mm smaller than the thickness of the rubber plate after the pre-tightening force is applied;
the thickness of the second steel backing plate is smaller than the sum of the thickness of the rubber plate subjected to the pre-tightening force and the thickness of the two cambered surface friction plates by 2-3 mm.
8. The variable stiffness friction damper according to claim 1, wherein the first high-strength bolt, the second high-strength bolt and the third high-strength bolt reduce loss of preload by adding a disc spring and/or adding two nuts.
9. The variable stiffness friction damper according to claim 1, wherein the first high-strength bolt, the second high-strength bolt and the third high-strength bolt are provided with limit marks for prompting an optimal rotation depth of the nut.
10. The variable stiffness friction damper according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the arc radius of the arc-shaped groove is 1 to 1.45 times the length of the arc-shaped groove, and the length of the arc-shaped protrusion is less than 1/3 times the length of the arc-shaped groove.
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| CN202111130249.0A CN113756465A (en) | 2021-09-26 | 2021-09-26 | Variable-rigidity friction damper |
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| CN202111130249.0A CN113756465A (en) | 2021-09-26 | 2021-09-26 | Variable-rigidity friction damper |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114645580A (en) * | 2022-04-16 | 2022-06-21 | 北京工业大学 | Self-reset variable-rigidity friction damping device based on permanent magnet repulsion force |
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