CN113756098A - 一种纳米上浆剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种纳米上浆剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113756098A CN113756098A CN202111088102.XA CN202111088102A CN113756098A CN 113756098 A CN113756098 A CN 113756098A CN 202111088102 A CN202111088102 A CN 202111088102A CN 113756098 A CN113756098 A CN 113756098A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sizing agent
- nano
- moss
- carbon fiber
- deionized water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940100242 glycol stearate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004841 bisphenol A epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940070765 laurate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 abstract description 80
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 80
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 69
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- -1 POSS Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002808 Si–O–Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005476 size effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/55—Epoxy resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/06—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/06—Elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/08—Ingredients agglomerated by treatment with a binding agent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/53—Polyethers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/40—Fibres of carbon
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/40—Reduced friction resistance, lubricant properties; Sizing compositions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种纳米上浆剂,包括以下组分及各组分的质量分数如下:环氧树脂25%~45%;MOSS纳米粒子0.1%~5.5%;表面活性剂15%~25%;润滑剂0.5%~2.5%;去离子水35%~50%。本发明还公开了该纳米上浆剂的制备方法。本发明含MOSS纳米粒子的水性环氧乳液型碳纤维上浆剂比现有非纳米粒子的水性环氧乳液型碳纤维上浆剂效果更好,对碳纤维与树脂基体的相容性、浸润性、界面性能增益,碳纤维复合材料的力学性能具有显著改善。经测试:含MOSS的纳米上浆剂处理的碳纤维制备成的单向板,其短梁强度提高10%~30%。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种纳米上浆剂及其制备方法,属于碳纤维上浆剂技术领域。
背景技术
碳纤维具有较好的高比强度、高比模量、耐高温、抗腐蚀、耐疲劳等优异性能。目前世界上生产和销售的碳纤维由于碳纤维属于脆性材料,在生产及深加工过程中,经机械摩擦容易产生毛丝及单丝断裂等现象,不仅使碳纤维的强度降低,而且毛丝的存在还会使基体树脂不能充分浸润碳纤维,这样就会在制备的复合材料中产生孔隙,影响复合材料的力学性能。为了解决这一问题,通常对碳纤维进行上浆处理。同时,碳纤维表面的上浆层是增强纤维与基体树脂之间界面黏结的过渡层,对两相复合有着重要的影响。
碳纤维复合材料力学性能的好坏主要取决于碳纤维、基体的性能以及纤维与基体之间界面黏结的紧密程度。为了改善碳纤维复合材料的界面性能,通常需要对碳纤维表面进行处理,主要是氧化处理。表面处理的方法很多。表面处理后,碳纤维表面能增加,容易吸附空气中杂质,从而使表面活性基团失活,因此涂上一层组成与基体结构相似的上浆剂,可以有效保护碳纤维表面活性基团,提高基体对纤维的浸润性。另外,上浆还可以提高纤维表面的粗糙度,增强锚定效应,从而改善复合材料的界面黏结。
如何提高碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料界面结合强度已成为研究热点。在碳纤维与树脂基体中引入纳米粒子成为一种重要的方法。纳米粒子是指粒度在1~100nm之间的粒子,其结构特征使它具有小尺寸效应、表面效应、量子效应和界面效应等,导致材料的结构与性能发生了新异的物理化学变化。因此,在碳纤维上浆剂中共混适当的纳米粒子能显著增益碳纤维与树脂基体的界面,进而提高碳纤维复合材料的力学性能。
近年见诸的碳纤维的纳米上浆剂报道,如专利CN201410254964.9、利CN102212967A、 CN102817241A、CN201510976902.3、CN201510555516.7等将SiO2、POSS、碳纳米管等纳米粒子添加到碳纤维上浆剂中,以达到提高复合材料的力学性能的目的。但是,SiO2、POSS、碳纳米管等纳米粒子易发生团聚,不宜分散,或者分散后析出,加入上浆剂后,导致上浆剂不稳定。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的缺陷,提供一种纳米上浆剂及其制备方法,在碳纤维上浆剂中引入MOSS纳米粒子,能够改善碳纤维与树脂基体的界面结合强度,提高碳纤维增强复合材料的力学性能,本发明添加的MOSS纳米粒子可以在水中均匀分散且能够在上浆剂中稳定存在。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种纳米上浆剂,包括以下组分及各组分的质量分数如下:
优选地,所述环氧树脂为双酚A型环氧树脂。
优选地,所述表面活性剂为烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚型表面活性剂。
优选地,所述润滑剂为聚乙二醇月桂酸酯或聚乙二醇硬脂酸酯。
优选地,所述去离子水的电导率小于或等于1μs/cm。
优选地,所述纳米上浆剂的粒径为200~300nm,表面张力为32~38mN/m。
本发明还提供一种上述的纳米上浆剂的制备方法,包括:
将环氧树脂添加到烧瓶中,将烧瓶升温到88~92℃;
在上述环氧树脂软化后进行搅拌,然后向烧瓶中加入表面活性剂、润滑剂继续搅拌25~ 35分钟;
之后将烧瓶降温到50~60℃并提高搅拌速率,搅拌25~35分钟;
将MOSS纳米粒子加入去离子水中,超声处理,分散均匀,得到含MOSS纳米粒子的去离子水;
再向烧瓶中滴加含MOSS纳米粒子的去离子水,加水完毕后得到水性环氧乳液型纳米上浆剂。
优选地,所述MOSS纳米粒子和去离子水的质量比为(1:100)~(1:14)。
优选地,向烧瓶中滴加含MOSS纳米粒子的去离子水,在90~100分钟内加入完毕。
优选地,将烧瓶降温到50~60℃时提高搅拌速率至400~500转/分。
制备方法中,先升高温度,又降到低温,即充分利用高温使物料混合均匀,然后利用低温增强乳化效果。
MOSS是环形齐聚倍半硅氧烷的简称,其是一类新型的具有立体环状结构的齐聚倍半硅氧烷。MOSS是由Si-O-Si键连接成环,在环的侧链上连接有机基团的一类新型倍半硅氧烷,具有精确的分子结构。MOSS的侧基的有基团可以是苯基、甲基、乙基等惰性基团,也可以是乙烯基、硅氢基活性基团,大多数MOSS常温下成液体,具有较好的溶解性。MOSS粒子可以在水中均匀分散而不发生沉降。
MOSS纳米粒子结构式如下:
本发明在水性环氧树脂乳液型碳纤维上浆剂中引入MOSS纳米粒子,MOSS纳米粒子能够充分在水中分散,同时能与环氧树脂结合,增强碳纤维表面粗糙度,提升碳纤维复合材料的界面强度。
本发明所达到的有益效果:
1.本发明含MOSS纳米粒子的水性环氧乳液型碳纤维上浆剂比现有非纳米粒子的水性环氧乳液型碳纤维上浆剂效果更好,对碳纤维与树脂基体的相容性、浸润性、界面性能增益,碳纤维复合材料的力学性能具有显著改善。经测试:含MOSS的纳米上浆剂处理的碳纤维制备成的单向板,其短梁强度提高10%~30%。
2.鉴于纳米材料的表面效应、小尺寸效应、量子效应和界面效应,含MOSS纳米粒子的水性环氧乳液型碳纤维上浆剂具有扩展应用的可能,为研制高性能碳纤维奠定良好基础。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种含MOSS纳米粒子水性环氧乳液型碳纤维上浆剂,其组分的质量百分比为:环氧树脂35%;纳米粒子1%;表面活性剂25%;润滑剂1%;去离子水38%。
上浆剂的制备方法:把1g MOSS纳米粒子加入38g去离子水中,超声混合均匀,等待加入;将18g环氧树脂E51和17g双酚A型环氧树脂E20置于装有搅拌机、温度计和去离子水通入管的250mL四口烧瓶中,升温到92℃;待双酚A型环氧树脂E20完全软化后开启搅拌, 30分钟后加入10g烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚NP-40、10g烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚NP-50、5.0g聚乙二醇硬脂酸酯,继续搅拌30分钟;降温到60℃并提高搅拌速率到400转/分,继续搅拌28分钟后,缓慢的滴加入39g含MOSS纳米粒子去离子水,在100分钟内加入完毕,得到水性环氧乳液上浆剂100g,测试其粒径为210.1nm,表面张力为34.42mN/m,有效成分含量为62%。按照同样步骤,去除纳米粒子,制备不含MOSS纳米粒子的水性环氧乳液型上浆剂,测试其粒径为210.6nm,表面张力为34.11mN/m,有效成分含量为61%。
上浆剂应用:把制备的乳液型碳纤维上浆剂上浆收丝,得到含MOSS纳米粒子的碳纤维和不含MOSS纳米粒子的同款碳纤维,所得碳纤维型号HF10-12K。把所得碳纤维制成 2×100×200mm预浸单向板,切割后进行单向板短梁强度测试,含MOSS纳米粒子的碳纤维单向板短梁强度提高了10%左右,见表1。
表1.含MOSS纳米粒子和不含MOSS纳米粒子的碳纤维单向板短梁强度测试结果
注:非纳米粒子指不含有MOSS纳米粒子的碳纤维上浆剂,与本实施例中含MOSS纳米粒子的区别仅在于去除MOSS纳米粒子,其余不变。其他实施例中“非纳米粒子”与本实施例中“非纳米粒子”含义相同。
实施例2
一种含MOSS纳米粒子水性环氧乳液型碳纤维上浆剂,其组分的质量百分比为:环氧树脂25%;纳米粒子1.5%;表面活性剂20%;润滑剂0.5%;去离子水53%。
上浆剂的制备方法:把1.5g MOSS纳米粒子加入53g去离子水中,超声混合均匀,等待加入;将18g环氧树脂E51和7g双酚A型环氧树脂E20置于装有搅拌机、温度计和去离子水通入管的250mL四口烧瓶中,升温到91℃;待双酚A型环氧树脂E20完全软化后开启搅拌,32分钟后加入10g烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚NP-40、5g烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚NP-50、5.0g聚乙二醇硬脂酸酯,继续搅拌28分钟;降温到50℃并提高搅拌速率到450转/分,继续搅拌26分钟后,缓慢的滴加入54.5g含MOSS纳米粒子去离子水,在95分钟内加入完毕,得到水性环氧乳液上浆剂100g,测试其粒径为265.2nm,表面张力为33.2mN/m,有效成分含量为47%。按照同样步骤,去除纳米粒子,制备不含MOSS纳米粒子的水性环氧乳液型上浆剂,测试其粒径为264.7nm,表面张力为33.1mN/m,有效成分含量为45.5%。
上浆剂应用:把制备的乳液型碳纤维上浆剂上浆收丝,得到含MOSS纳米粒子的碳纤维和不含MOSS纳米粒子的同款碳纤维,所得碳纤维型号HF10-12K。把所得碳纤维制成2×100×200mm预浸单向板,切割后进行单向板短梁强度测试,含MOSS纳米粒子的碳纤维单向板短梁强度提高了15%左右,见表2。
表2.含MOSS纳米粒子和不含MOSS纳米粒子的碳纤维单向板短梁强度测试结果
实施例3
一种含MOSS纳米粒子水性环氧乳液型碳纤维上浆剂,其组分的质量百分比为:环氧树脂40%;纳米粒子3%;表面活性剂15%;润滑剂2%;去离子水40%。
上浆剂的制备方法:把3g MOSS纳米粒子加入40g去离子水中,超声混合均匀,等待加入;将20g环氧树脂E51和20g双酚A型环氧树脂E20置于装有搅拌机、温度计和去离子水通入管的250mL四口烧瓶中,升温到90℃;待双酚A型环氧树脂E20完全软化后开启搅拌, 25分钟后加入5g烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚NP-40、5g烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚NP-50、5.0g聚乙二醇硬脂酸酯,继续搅拌25分钟;降温到50℃并提高搅拌速率到500转/分,继续搅拌32分钟后,缓慢的滴加入43g含MOSS纳米粒子去离子水,在90分钟内加入完毕,得到水性环氧乳液上浆剂100g,测试其粒径为297.3nm,表面张力为34.5mN/m,有效成分含量为60%。按照同样步骤,去除纳米粒子,制备不含MOSS纳米粒子的水性环氧乳液型上浆剂,测试其粒径为295.3nm,表面张力为34.2mN/m,有效成分含量为57%。
上浆剂应用:把制备的乳液型碳纤维上浆剂上浆收丝,得到含MOSS纳米粒子的碳纤维和不含MOSS纳米粒子的同款碳纤维,所得碳纤维型号HF10-12K。把所得碳纤维制成 2×100×200mm预浸单向板,切割后进行单向板短梁强度测试,含MOSS纳米粒子的碳纤维单向板短梁强度提高了25%左右,见表3。
表3.含MOSS纳米粒子和不含MOSS纳米粒子的碳纤维单向板短梁强度测试结果
实施例4
一种含MOSS纳米粒子水性环氧乳液型碳纤维上浆剂,其组分的质量百分比为:环氧树脂25%;纳米粒子1%;表面活性剂25%;润滑剂1%;去离子水48%。
上浆剂的制备方法:把1g MOSS纳米粒子加入48g去离子水中,超声混合均匀,等待加入;将8g环氧树脂E51和17g双酚A型环氧树脂E20置于装有搅拌机、温度计和去离子水通入管的250mL四口烧瓶中,升温到92℃;待双酚A型环氧树脂E20完全软化后开启搅拌, 30分钟后加入10g烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚NP-40、10g烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚NP-50、5.0g聚乙二醇硬脂酸酯,继续搅拌35分钟;降温到55℃并提高搅拌速率到480转/分,继续搅拌34分钟后,缓慢的滴加入49g含MOSS纳米粒子去离子水,在94分钟内加入完毕,得到水性环氧乳液上浆剂100g,测试其粒径为186.8nm,表面张力为32.4mN/m,有效成分含量为52%。按照同样步骤,去除纳米粒子,制备不含MOSS纳米粒子的水性环氧乳液型上浆剂,测试其粒径为189.7nm,表面张力为32.5mN/m,有效成分含量为51%。
上浆剂应用:把制备的乳液型碳纤维上浆剂上浆收丝,得到含MOSS纳米粒子的碳纤维和不含MOSS纳米粒子的同款碳纤维,所得碳纤维型号HF10-12K。把所得碳纤维制成 2×100×200mm预浸单向板,切割后进行单向板短梁强度测试,含MOSS纳米粒子的碳纤维单向板短梁强度提高了13%左右,见表4。
表4.含MOSS纳米粒子和不含MOSS纳米粒子的碳纤维单向板短梁强度测试结果
实施例5
一种含MOSS纳米粒子水性环氧乳液型碳纤维上浆剂,其组分的质量百分比为:环氧树脂45%;纳米粒子5%;表面活性剂15%;润滑剂1%;去离子水34%。
上浆剂的制备方法:把1g MOSS纳米粒子加入34g去离子水中,超声混合均匀,等待加入;将28g环氧树脂E51和17g双酚A型环氧树脂E20置于装有搅拌机、温度计和去离子水通入管的250mL四口烧瓶中,升温到88℃;待双酚A型环氧树脂E20完全软化后开启搅拌, 32分钟后加入5g烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚NP-40、5g烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚NP-50、5.0g聚乙二醇硬脂酸酯,继续搅拌30分钟;降温到60℃并提高搅拌速率到490转/分,继续搅拌34分钟后,缓慢的滴加入35g含MOSS纳米粒子去离子水,在98分钟内加入完毕,得到水性环氧乳液上浆剂100g,测试其粒径为290.1nm,表面张力为35.8mN/m,有效成分含量为66%。按照同样步骤,去除纳米粒子,制备不含MOSS纳米粒子的水性环氧乳液型上浆剂,测试其粒径为289.3nm,表面张力为35.4mN/m,有效成分含量为65%。
上浆剂应用:把制备的乳液型碳纤维上浆剂上浆收丝,得到含MOSS纳米粒子的碳纤维和不含MOSS纳米粒子的同款碳纤维,所得碳纤维型号HF10-12K。把所得碳纤维制成 2×100×200mm预浸单向板,切割后进行单向板短梁强度测试,含MOSS纳米粒子的碳纤维单向板短梁强度提高了30%左右,见表5。
表5.含MOSS纳米粒子和不含MOSS纳米粒子的碳纤维单向板短梁强度测试结果
由上述实施例1-5可知,含MOSS纳米粒子的水性环氧乳液型碳纤维上浆剂比现有非纳米粒子的水性环氧乳液型碳纤维上浆剂效果更好,对碳纤维与树脂基体的相容性、浸润性、界面性能增益,碳纤维复合材料的力学性能具有显著改善。经测试:含MOSS的纳米上浆剂处理的碳纤维制备成的单向板,其短梁强度提高10%~30%。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和变形,这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种纳米上浆剂,其特征在于,包括以下组分及各组分的质量分数如下:
环氧树脂 25%~45%;
MOSS纳米粒子 0.1%~5.5%;
表面活性剂 15%~25%;
润滑剂 0.5%~2.5%;
去离子水 35%~50%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种纳米上浆剂,其特征在于,所述环氧树脂为双酚A型环氧树脂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种纳米上浆剂,其特征在于,所述表面活性剂为烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚型表面活性剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种纳米上浆剂,其特征在于,所述润滑剂为聚乙二醇月桂酸酯或聚乙二醇硬脂酸酯。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种纳米上浆剂,其特征在于,所述去离子水的电导率小于或等于1μs/cm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种纳米上浆剂,其特征在于,所述纳米上浆剂的粒径为200~300nm,表面张力为32~38mN/m。
7.根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的纳米上浆剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
将环氧树脂添加到烧瓶中,将烧瓶升温到88~92℃;
在上述环氧树脂软化后进行搅拌,然后向烧瓶中加入表面活性剂、润滑剂继续搅拌25~35分钟;
之后将烧瓶降温到50~60℃并提高搅拌速率,搅拌25~35分钟;
将MOSS纳米粒子加入去离子水中,超声处理,分散均匀,得到含MOSS纳米粒子的去离子水;
再向烧瓶中滴加含MOSS纳米粒子的去离子水,加水完毕后得到水性环氧乳液型纳米上浆剂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种纳米上浆剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述MOSS纳米粒子和去离子水的质量比为(1:100)~(1:14)。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种纳米上浆剂的制备方法,其特征在于,向烧瓶中滴加含MOSS纳米粒子的去离子水,在 90~100分钟内加入完毕。
10.根据权利要求7所述的一种纳米上浆剂的制备方法,其特征在于,将烧瓶降温到50-60℃时提高搅拌速率至400~500转/分。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111088102.XA CN113756098A (zh) | 2021-09-16 | 2021-09-16 | 一种纳米上浆剂及其制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111088102.XA CN113756098A (zh) | 2021-09-16 | 2021-09-16 | 一种纳米上浆剂及其制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN113756098A true CN113756098A (zh) | 2021-12-07 |
Family
ID=78796073
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111088102.XA Pending CN113756098A (zh) | 2021-09-16 | 2021-09-16 | 一种纳米上浆剂及其制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN113756098A (zh) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102634027A (zh) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-08-15 | 上海交通大学 | 一种含十二环氧基的大环齐聚倍半硅氧烷的制备方法 |
CN105064030A (zh) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-11-18 | 国网智能电网研究院 | 一种碳纤维上浆剂及其制备方法 |
CN106065528A (zh) * | 2016-08-18 | 2016-11-02 | 江苏恒神股份有限公司 | 一种水性环氧乳液型碳纤维上浆剂及其制备方法 |
CN106544760A (zh) * | 2015-09-18 | 2017-03-29 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种碳纤维原丝专用油剂及其制备方法 |
US20180057646A1 (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-01 | The Boeing Company | Carbon fiber composite, a medium incorporating the carbon fiber composite, and a related method |
-
2021
- 2021-09-16 CN CN202111088102.XA patent/CN113756098A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102634027A (zh) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-08-15 | 上海交通大学 | 一种含十二环氧基的大环齐聚倍半硅氧烷的制备方法 |
CN105064030A (zh) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-11-18 | 国网智能电网研究院 | 一种碳纤维上浆剂及其制备方法 |
CN106544760A (zh) * | 2015-09-18 | 2017-03-29 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种碳纤维原丝专用油剂及其制备方法 |
CN106065528A (zh) * | 2016-08-18 | 2016-11-02 | 江苏恒神股份有限公司 | 一种水性环氧乳液型碳纤维上浆剂及其制备方法 |
US20180057646A1 (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-01 | The Boeing Company | Carbon fiber composite, a medium incorporating the carbon fiber composite, and a related method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
易玉林: "大环齐聚倍半硅氧烷的合成、功能化及其用于制备有机无机杂化高分子材料研究", 《中国博士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技I辑》 * |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Zhao et al. | Layer-by-layer grafting CNTs onto carbon fibers surface for enhancing the interfacial properties of epoxy resin composites | |
EP1623437B1 (en) | Conductive carbon nanotube-polymer composite | |
Yu et al. | Effect of surface functional modification of nano-alumina particles on thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy nanocomposites | |
CN105647126B (zh) | 低温用石墨烯增强增韧环氧树脂复合材料及其制备方法 | |
CN107629224A (zh) | 双上浆剂改性碳纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料的制备方法 | |
CN105885354A (zh) | 一种笼型倍半硅氧烷改性碳纳米管的制备方法及应用 | |
CN106065528B (zh) | 一种水性环氧乳液型碳纤维上浆剂及其制备方法 | |
Oh et al. | High conductivity and stretchability of 3D welded silver nanowire filled graphene aerogel hybrid nanocomposites | |
CN104387671A (zh) | 一种pa6/pp/碳纳米管高性能纳米复合材料的制备方法 | |
CN108659457A (zh) | 一种氮化硼包覆磺化石墨烯-环氧树脂复合材料及其制备方法 | |
Chen et al. | Preparation and properties of graphene/carbon nanotube hybrid reinforced mortar composites | |
Xia et al. | Polymer/carbon nanotube composite emulsion prepared through ultrasonically assisted in situ emulsion polymerization | |
Yang et al. | Waterborne dispersions of a polymer‐encapsulated inorganic particle nanocomposite by phase‐inversion emulsification | |
CN107051208B (zh) | 三维结构纳米复合物共混掺杂聚偏氟乙烯混合基质超滤膜及其制备 | |
CN113756098A (zh) | 一种纳米上浆剂及其制备方法 | |
Hoepfner et al. | Functionalization of carbon nanotubes with (3‐glycidyloxypropyl)‐trimethoxysilane: Effect of wrapping on epoxy matrix nanocomposites | |
CN111518315B (zh) | 一种基于微结构有序的高气体阻隔性复合材料及其制备方法 | |
KR20220054333A (ko) | 열 전도성 충전제 및 그의 제조 방법 | |
CN116814111A (zh) | 一种表面修饰环氧基自修复微胶囊及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN113462042B (zh) | 一种氨基改性海泡石/氧化石墨烯/天然橡胶复合胶乳及其制备方法 | |
CN111375359A (zh) | 单分散核壳结构有机-无机复合纳米橡胶颗粒及其制备方法和用途 | |
CN113024830B (zh) | 一种壳层可控的壳核粒子及其制备方法 | |
CN115074997A (zh) | 一种核壳结构功能材料及其制备方法、一种自润滑纤维织物复合材料及其制备方法 | |
Cesar dos Santos et al. | Thermoset polymer reinforced with silica micro and nanoparticles | |
JP2022157257A (ja) | めっき液添加剤 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20211207 |