CN113755226A - Oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113755226A CN113755226A CN202111228341.0A CN202111228341A CN113755226A CN 113755226 A CN113755226 A CN 113755226A CN 202111228341 A CN202111228341 A CN 202111228341A CN 113755226 A CN113755226 A CN 113755226A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M139/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M127/00 - C10M137/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M177/00—Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
- C10M2227/065—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts derived from Ti or Zr
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/54—Fuel economy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/72—Extended drain
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer with simple production method, low cost, good oil solubility and high zirconium content and a preparation method thereof, wherein the friction reducer is prepared from mixed amide, didodecyl methyl tertiary amine, phosphorus pentasulfide, octanol, sodium zirconate and carbon tetrachloride; the weight ratio is mixed amide: didodecyl methyl tertiary amine: phosphorus pentasulfide: octanol: sodium zirconate: 100% of carbon tetrachloride: 8-9.5: 6-6.5: 16-19: 11-12: 12 to 14. Wherein the mixed amide is prepared by the reaction of coconut oil, triethanolamine and ricinoleic acid. The friction reducer is an oil-soluble energy-saving organic zirconium friction reducer, is a friction improver, an antiwear agent and an antioxidant of lubricating oil, particularly lubricating oil for internal combustion engines, and has an obvious oil-saving effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a lubricating oil additive, in particular to an oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The research on zirconia powder originated in the 20 th century, and was originally used for melting refractory materials for glass and steel smelting, and since then, it had not been much developed in four or fifty years, until 1968, the japanese panasonic electric appliances invented zirconia nonlinear resistance elements through the research on zirconia powder, and so far, zirconia powder was regarded by the scientific research and was on the stage of history.
By 1973, americans r. zechnall made electrolytic oxidation sensors from zirconia powder, which clearly showed the specific gravity of air and fuel inside automobile engines, and by 1980, zirconia powder was applied to the steel industry.
In 1982, energy-saving diesel engine cylinder liners were developed jointly by insulator japan and cummins engines usa, and have attracted attention all over the world. If zirconia is used in lubricating oil, engine wear can be greatly reduced, but zirconia cannot be dissolved in lubricating oil and is limited in use in lubricating oil.
In recent years, with the rapid development of the automobile industry, particularly the call for energy conservation, emission reduction, low carbon and environmental protection is increasingly strong, so that many oil additive companies are forced to research energy-saving and efficient lubricating oil additive products in a huge way.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer which has simple production method, low cost, good oil solubility and high yield and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a preparation method of an oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer comprises the following steps:
(1) synthesis of mixed amides: placing coconut oil and triethanolamine in a container, reacting for 2-3 hours at 100-110 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, adding ricinoleic acid, increasing the temperature to 180-190 ℃ under the negative pressure of 50mmHg, and continuing to react for 4-5 hours to obtain mixed amide, wherein the coconut oil and the triethanolamine are mixed according to the weight ratio: triethanolamine: ricinoleic acid is 2-3: 3-4: 1 to 1.5;
(2) synthesizing an oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer: mixing the prepared mixed amide with didodecyl methyl tertiary amine, phosphorus pentasulfide and octanol, uniformly stirring, adding sodium zirconate, and reacting for 4-5 hours at the temperature of 90-95 ℃ and under the negative pressure of 80 mmHg; then adding carbon tetrachloride, adjusting the negative pressure to be under the condition of 50mmHg, increasing the temperature to 180-190 ℃, continuing to react for 3-4 hours, then cooling to 100 ℃, and continuing to keep the negative pressure under the condition of 50 mmHg; finally filtering to obtain a light blue oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer; wherein the weight ratio of the mixed amide to the didodecyl methyl tertiary amine, phosphorus pentasulfide, octanol, sodium zirconate and carbon tetrachloride is 100: 8-9.5: 6-6.5: 16-19: 11-12: 12 to 14.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the raw materials is mixed amide: didodecyl methyl tertiary amine: phosphorus pentasulfide: octanol: sodium zirconate: 100% of carbon tetrachloride: 8.5: 6: 16: 11: 14; the weight ratio of the mixed amide components is coconut oil: triethanolamine: ricinoleic acid 2: 3: 1.
the oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer prepared by the preparation method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer has high zirconium content, good oil solubility, good wear resistance and anti-friction performance and oxidation resistance stability, can greatly improve the failure load of a friction auxiliary material, can form a laminated structure film on the surface of metal, is not easy to be oxidized, and can greatly prolong the oil change period of lubricating oil. The common characteristics of the conventional friction reducing agent are integrated, the wear resistance, friction reduction and oxidation resistance are better highlighted, the energy-saving effect is more obvious, and the complementary improvement can be completely realized.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments below:
the preparation method of the oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer comprises the following steps:
(1) synthesis of mixed amides: placing coconut oil and triethanolamine in a container, reacting for 2-3 hours at 100-110 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, adding ricinoleic acid, increasing the temperature to 180-190 ℃ under the negative pressure of 50mmHg, and continuing to react for 4-5 hours to obtain mixed amide, wherein the coconut oil and the triethanolamine are mixed according to the weight ratio: triethanolamine: ricinoleic acid is 2-3: 3-4: 1 to 1.5;
(2) synthesizing an oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer: mixing the prepared mixed amide with didodecyl methyl tertiary amine, phosphorus pentasulfide and octanol, uniformly stirring, adding sodium zirconate, and reacting for 4-5 hours at the temperature of 90-95 ℃ and under the negative pressure of 80 mmHg; then adding carbon tetrachloride, adjusting the negative pressure to be under the condition of 50mmHg, increasing the temperature to 180-190 ℃, continuing to react for 3-4 hours, then cooling to 100 ℃, and continuing to keep the negative pressure under the condition of 50 mmHg; finally filtering to obtain a light blue oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer; wherein the weight ratio of the mixed amide to the didodecyl methyl tertiary amine, phosphorus pentasulfide, octanol, sodium zirconate and carbon tetrachloride is 100: 8-9.5: 6-6.5: 16-19: 11-12: 12 to 14.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the raw materials is mixed amide: didodecyl methyl tertiary amine: phosphorus pentasulfide: octanol: sodium zirconate: 100% of carbon tetrachloride: 8.5: 6: 16: 11: 14; the weight ratio of the mixed amide components is coconut oil: triethanolamine: ricinoleic acid 2: 3: 1.
the oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer prepared by the preparation method.
According to the invention, firstly, coconut oil is used as a base to react with triethanolamine, ricinoleic acid is added, a method of adjusting negative pressure is adopted to obtain mixed amide which is beneficial to the next good reaction, then the mixed amide reacts with didodecyl methyl tertiary amine, phosphorus pentasulfide and octanol, and a two-step pressure method is adopted to enable the zirconium content to reach the optimum value and the oil solubility to be good under the condition of adding sodium zirconate and carbon tetrachloride, so that the energy-saving organic zirconium friction reducer with good lubricity and excellent wear resistance is prepared.
The oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer provided by the invention has the advantages of energy conservation, environmental protection and high efficiency, and the friction reducer is added into lubricating oil by 0.5-1 wt%, so that the following effects can be achieved:
1. reduction of the coefficient of friction: when added to lubricating oil, grease, etc., its friction coefficient is reduced to about 0.03.
2. And (3) reducing the temperature of the engine: the temperature can be obviously reduced by more than 30 percent.
3. Fuel oil saving: the oil can be saved by more than 10%.
4. And (3) prolonging the oil change period: the oil change period can be prolonged by more than 50%.
Example 1
1. Synthesis of mixed amides
Placing coconut oil and triethanolamine in a container, reacting at 100 deg.C for 2 hr under the protection of nitrogen, adding ricinoleic acid, increasing the temperature to 180 deg.C under the negative pressure of 50mmHg, and reacting for 4 hr to obtain mixed amide;
coconut oil: triethanolamine: ricinoleic acid 2: 3: 1 (weight ratio).
2. Synthesis of oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer
Mixing 50 g of the prepared mixed amide with 4.5 g of didodecyl methyl tertiary amine, 3 g of phosphorus pentasulfide and 9 g of octanol, stirring uniformly, adding 5.5 g of sodium zirconate, and reacting for 4 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃ and under the negative pressure of 80 mmHg; then adding 6 g of carbon tetrachloride, adjusting the negative pressure to 50mmHg, increasing the temperature to 180 ℃, continuing to react for 3 hours, then cooling to 100 ℃, and continuing to maintain the negative pressure at 50 mmHg; and finally filtering to obtain the light blue oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer.
And (3) investigating the antifriction and wear resistance and the bearing capacity of the product: the four-ball machine is used for measuring, the extreme pressure and antifriction antiwear performance under the set load (the temperature is 20 ℃, the load is 392N, the speed is 1450R/min, and the time is 30min) is set, the steel ball used in the four-ball test is a GCR steel ball with the diameter of 12.7mm, and the test shows that the product has good extreme pressure and antifriction antiwear performance. By contrast, the diameter of the wear scar reaches 0.70mm by directly using lubricating oil. The product prepared in the example is added into the full-formula SN0W/40 engine oil by 1 weight percent, the diameter of the abrasive wear scar reaches 0.33mm, and the friction coefficient is 0.039.
Example 2
1. Synthesis of mixed amides
Placing coconut oil and triethanolamine in a container, reacting at 110 deg.C for 3 hr under the protection of nitrogen, adding ricinoleic acid, increasing the temperature to 190 deg.C under the negative pressure of 50mmHg, and reacting for 5 hr to obtain mixed amide;
coconut oil: triethanolamine: ricinoleic acid 2: 3: 1 (weight ratio).
2. Synthesis of oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer
Mixing 100 g of the prepared mixed amide with 8 g of didodecyl methyl tertiary amine, 6.5 g of phosphorus pentasulfide and 16 g of octanol, uniformly stirring, adding 12 g of sodium zirconate, and reacting for 5 hours at the temperature of 95 ℃ and under the negative pressure of 80 mmHg; then adding 14 g of carbon tetrachloride, adjusting the negative pressure to 50mmHg, increasing the temperature to 190 ℃, continuing to react for 4 hours, then cooling to 100 ℃, and continuing to maintain the negative pressure at 50 mmHg; and finally filtering to obtain the light blue oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer.
The antifriction and antiwear properties and bearing capacity of the product were examined in the same manner as in example 1, by comparison, the diameter of the wear scar was 0.70mm when the lubricating oil was used directly. The product prepared in this example was added to a fully formulated SN0W/40 engine oil in an amount of 1% by weight, giving a wear scar diameter of 0.30mm and a coefficient of friction of 0.033.
Example 3
1. Synthesis of mixed amides
Placing coconut oil and triethanolamine in a container, reacting at 100 deg.C for 3 hr under the protection of nitrogen, adding ricinoleic acid, increasing the temperature to 185 deg.C under the condition of negative pressure of 50mmHg, and reacting for 4.5 hr to obtain mixed amide;
coconut oil: triethanolamine: ricinoleic acid 2: 3: 1 (weight ratio).
2. Synthesis of oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer
Mixing 70 g of the prepared mixed amide with 5.8 g of didodecyl methyl tertiary amine, 6 g of phosphorus pentasulfide and 12 g of octanol, uniformly stirring, adding 8 g of sodium zirconate, and reacting for 4.5 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃ and under the negative pressure of 80 mmHg; then adding 9 g of carbon tetrachloride, adjusting the negative pressure to 50mmHg, increasing the temperature to 185 ℃, continuing to react for 4 hours, then cooling to 100 ℃, and continuing to maintain the negative pressure at 50 mmHg; and finally filtering to obtain the light blue oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer.
The antifriction and antiwear properties and bearing capacity of the product were examined in the same manner as in example 1, by comparison, the diameter of the wear scar was 0.70mm when the lubricating oil was used directly. The product prepared in the example is added into the full-formula SN0W/40 engine oil by 1 weight percent, the diameter of the abrasive wear scar reaches 0.35mm, and the friction coefficient is 0.037.
Example 4
1. Synthesis of mixed amides
Placing coconut oil and triethanolamine in a container, reacting at 105 deg.C for 3.5 hr under nitrogen protection, adding ricinoleic acid, increasing temperature to 180 deg.C under negative pressure of 50mmHg, and reacting for 5 hr to obtain mixed amide;
coconut oil: triethanolamine: ricinoleic acid 2: 3: 1 (weight ratio).
2. Synthesis of oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer
Mixing 200 g of the prepared mixed amide with 17 g of didodecyl methyl tertiary amine, 12.8 g of phosphorus pentasulfide and 36 g of octanol, uniformly stirring, adding 23 g of sodium zirconate, and reacting for 5 hours at the temperature of 110 ℃ and under the negative pressure of 80 mmHg; then adding 26 g of carbon tetrachloride, adjusting the negative pressure to 50mmHg, increasing the temperature to 190 ℃, continuing to react for 4.5 hours, then cooling to 100 ℃, and continuing to maintain the negative pressure to 50 mmHg; and finally filtering to obtain the light blue oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer.
The antifriction and antiwear properties and bearing capacity of the product were examined in the same manner as in example 1, by comparison, the diameter of the wear scar was 0.70mm when the lubricating oil was used directly. The product prepared in this example was added to a fully formulated SN0W/40 engine oil in an amount of 1% by weight, giving a wear scar diameter of 0.34mm and a coefficient of friction of 0.030.
In summary, the disclosure of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and persons skilled in the art can easily set forth other embodiments within the technical teaching of the present invention, but such embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of an oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) synthesis of mixed amides: placing coconut oil and triethanolamine in a container, reacting for 2-3 hours at 100-110 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, adding ricinoleic acid, increasing the temperature to 180-190 ℃ under the negative pressure of 50mmHg, and continuing to react for 4-5 hours to obtain mixed amide, wherein the coconut oil and the triethanolamine are mixed according to the weight ratio: triethanolamine: ricinoleic acid is 2-3: 3-4: 1 to 1.5;
(2) synthesizing an oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer: mixing the prepared mixed amide with didodecyl methyl tertiary amine, phosphorus pentasulfide and octanol, uniformly stirring, adding sodium zirconate, and reacting for 4-5 hours at the temperature of 90-95 ℃ and under the negative pressure of 80 mmHg; then adding carbon tetrachloride, adjusting the negative pressure to be under the condition of 50mmHg, increasing the temperature to 180-190 ℃, continuing to react for 3-4 hours, then cooling to 100 ℃, and continuing to keep the negative pressure under the condition of 50 mmHg; finally filtering to obtain a light blue oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer; wherein the weight ratio of the mixed amide to the didodecyl methyl tertiary amine, phosphorus pentasulfide, octanol, sodium zirconate and carbon tetrachloride is 100: 8-9.5: 6-6.5: 16-19: 11-12: 12 to 14.
2. The preparation method of the oil-soluble organic zirconium friction reducer according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the raw materials is mixed amide: didodecyl methyl tertiary amine: phosphorus pentasulfide: octanol: sodium zirconate: 100% of carbon tetrachloride: 8.5: 6: 16: 11: 14; the weight ratio of the mixed amide components is coconut oil: triethanolamine: ricinoleic acid 2: 3: 1.
3. an oil-soluble organozirconium friction reducer prepared by the process of claim 1 or 2.
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