CN113754002B - Urine cascade treatment system based on agriculture and forestry waste source active carbon - Google Patents
Urine cascade treatment system based on agriculture and forestry waste source active carbon Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
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- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
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- B01J20/3085—Chemical treatments not covered by groups B01J20/3007 - B01J20/3078
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
- C05F3/06—Apparatus for the manufacture
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
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- E03B1/04—Methods or layout of installations for water supply for domestic or like local supply
- E03B1/041—Greywater supply systems
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- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
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- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
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- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
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- C02F2103/005—Black water originating from toilets
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- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
- C02F2201/007—Modular design
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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Abstract
The invention provides an agricultural and forestry waste source activated carbon-based urine cascade treatment system, which comprises a double-tank series device and a reservoir, wherein an inlet of the double-tank series device is connected with a urine discharge port of a toilet, an outlet of the double-tank series device is connected with the reservoir, the double-tank series device comprises a biomass tank and a plurality of layers of carbon tanks which are sequentially arranged along the urine treatment direction, biomass is stored in the biomass tank and is used for carrying out primary adsorption on urine, a plurality of layers of activated carbon are arranged in the plurality of layers of carbon tanks and are used for carrying out secondary adsorption on urine, the urine purified by the adsorption of the double-tank series device is collected into the reservoir, and the raw material of the activated carbon is taken from the biomass soaked in the urine in the biomass tank. The system comprehensively utilizes agriculture and forestry biomass and activated carbon obtained by pyrolyzing the biomass after adsorbing urine to treat urine, can be combined with collected rainwater to be recycled, achieves the purpose of self-water supply, and takes out the saturated activated carbon to serve as the biochar-based slow release fertilizer.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental sanitation equipment, in particular to a urine cascade treatment system based on agricultural and forestry waste source activated carbon.
[ background of the invention ]
Agricultural and forestry wastes in China are abundant in resources, and about 9 million tons of agricultural wastes and 3 million tons of forestry wastes are generated every year. 7 hundred million tons of straws produced every year contain more than 300 million tons of nitrogen, more than 70 million tons of phosphorus and nearly 700 million tons of potassium, which are equivalent to 1/4 of the current chemical fertilizer application amount in China, and are important organic fertilizer sources in agricultural production. However, the agricultural and forestry wastes such as straws and the like can not be effectively utilized for a long time, and a simple treatment mode of local incineration is often adopted, so that serious environmental pollution is caused.
The toilet is not only an indispensable infrastructure in daily life of people, but also a key mark for representing the social progress and the development of human civilization. The urine produced in rural areas of China is about 4 hundred million tons every year, and if the urine is discharged randomly, domestic water and underground water are seriously polluted. Although urine accounts for less than 1% of the total amount of wastewater, about 80% of nitrogen load and about 50% of phosphorus load in domestic sewage are derived from urine. And the urine is collected in a centralized manner and used as fertilizer, so that obvious economic benefit is brought, the improvement on barren land is enhanced, and the ecological environment is protected.
Because of various health risks, direct use of urine as a fertilizer is discouraged, and further approaches to nutrient recovery need to be explored. Biochar is increasingly studied for its environmental (carbon negative process) and economic value, and its high specific surface area and abundant functional groups are a great advantage for use as an adsorbent. The activated carbon after saturated adsorption can be used in the farmland to play roles in regulating soil and slowly releasing nutrition. Therefore, the urine treatment system for the outdoor toilet capable of comprehensively utilizing and collecting rainwater is designed by utilizing agricultural and forestry wastes with wide sources, and the biomass slow release fertilizer with low cost is obtained while the requirement of self-water supply is met, so that the system is very promising.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides an agricultural and forestry waste source activated carbon-based urine cascade treatment system, which comprehensively utilizes agricultural and forestry biomass and activated carbon obtained by pyrolysis of biomass after urine adsorption to treat urine, can be combined with collected rainwater to be recycled to achieve the purpose of self-water supply, and is taken out after the activated carbon is saturated in adsorption to serve as a biochar-based slow release fertilizer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an agricultural and forestry waste source activated carbon-based urine cascade treatment system, which comprises a double-tank series device and a reservoir, wherein an inlet of the double-tank series device is connected with a urine discharge port of a toilet, an outlet of the double-tank series device is connected with the reservoir, the double-tank series device comprises a biomass tank and a multilayer carbon tank which are sequentially arranged along a urine treatment direction, biomass is stored in the biomass tank and is used for carrying out primary adsorption on urine, a plurality of layers of activated carbon are arranged in the multilayer carbon tank and are used for carrying out secondary adsorption on urine, the urine purified by the adsorption of the double-tank series device is collected into the reservoir, and raw materials of the activated carbon are taken from the biomass soaked in the urine in the biomass tank.
Preferably, the activated carbon is obtained by mechanically mixing the raw material and an activating agent, placing the mixture in a nitrogen atmosphere, and staying at the pyrolysis temperature of 650-850 ℃ for 1h.
Preferably, the raw material and the activating agent are subjected to post-treatment including acid washing, water washing and drying after pyrolysis.
Preferably, the activating agent is potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate or potassium bicarbonate, and the raw materials are as follows: the mass ratio of the activating agent is 5:1-10:1.
preferably, the biomass is agricultural and forestry waste, the activated carbon raw material is agricultural and forestry waste obtained after the biomass tank is soaked in urine for 4-8 hours, and the biomass and the activated carbon are respectively stored in the biomass tank and the multilayer carbon tank after being contained in the filter bags.
Preferably, a first inlet pipe is arranged above one side of the biomass tank and is connected with a urine outlet of a toilet, a first outlet pipe is arranged above the other side of the biomass tank and is connected with the multilayer charcoal tank, the first inlet pipe and the first outlet pipe are both arranged obliquely downwards along the urine flowing direction, and the connecting position of the first inlet pipe and the biomass tank is higher than the connecting position of the first outlet pipe and the biomass tank.
Preferably, the inside of multilayer charcoal jar is equipped with a plurality of layers from last to down in proper order and can dismantle charcoal box splendid attire active carbon, the sub-unit connection second outlet pipe of multilayer charcoal jar, the second outlet pipe inserts the cistern.
Preferably, the urine monitoring device further comprises a flow monitoring unit, wherein the flow monitoring unit is connected with the inlet end of the double-tank series device and is used for monitoring the flow of urine processed by the double-tank series device and sending an alarm message when the accumulated water flow reaches a set value.
Preferably, the flow monitoring unit comprises a power supply, a single chip microcomputer, a Hall water flowmeter and a WIFI module, wherein the single chip microcomputer, the Hall water flowmeter and the WIFI module are electrically connected with the power supply, the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the Hall water flowmeter and the WIFI module, the single chip microcomputer is in remote communication with the mobile phone through the WIFI module, the Hall water flowmeter is used for monitoring the flow of urine processed by the double-tank series connection device in real time, and when the accumulated water flow reaches a set value, the single chip microcomputer receives a signal and sends a message to the mobile phone through the WIFI module.
Preferably, the outlet of the cistern is connected to a toilet flushing port of a toilet by a pressurised water drive.
Preferably, the outdoor toilet circulating water unit comprises a rainwater collecting unit and a pressurized water driving device, the reservoir is used for storing rainwater collected by the rainwater collecting unit and urine purified by the double-tank series device, the reservoir is connected with an inlet of the pressurized water driving device and is used for providing a water source for flushing a toilet, and an outlet of the pressurized water driving device is connected with a toilet flushing port of the toilet.
Preferably, the pressurized-water driving device comprises a supporting frame, a folding bucket, sponge and a pedal, wherein the folding bucket is installed in the supporting frame, a water inlet pipe of the folding bucket is connected with a reservoir, a water outlet pipe is connected with a closestool, the sponge is filled in the folding bucket, the pedal is arranged above the folding bucket and is installed on the supporting frame through a plurality of guide pulleys, and when the pedal is pressed to move downwards, the folding bucket is driven to be compressed, so that water stored in the folding bucket is discharged.
Preferably, the rainwater collection unit comprises a roof and a drain pipe of the outdoor toilet body, the roof is arranged obliquely downwards, a plurality of grooves are uniformly distributed on the roof, a water collection tank is arranged at the low end of the roof, the low ends of the grooves are connected into the water collection tank, an outlet of the water collection tank is connected with an inlet of the drain pipe, and an outlet of the drain pipe is connected with the reservoir.
Preferably, the multilayer carbon tank comprises a left shell, a right shell, a fixing rod and carbon boxes, the left shell and one or both of the right shell are rotatably installed on the fixing rod, a complete cylindrical structure is formed after the left shell and the right shell are combined, a sealing ring and a plurality of lock catches are installed at the opening and closing positions of the left shell and the right shell, the sealing ring can guarantee the sealing performance after the left shell and the right shell are combined, the lock catches are arranged for locking the left shell and the right shell after the left shell and the right shell are combined, a plurality of partition plates which are sequentially arranged at intervals from top to bottom are arranged in the left shell and the right shell, an accommodating cavity for installing the carbon boxes is formed between two adjacent partition plates above and below, activated carbon is stored in the carbon boxes, and small holes are densely distributed at the bottoms of the rest carbon boxes except the bottom layer of the carbon box.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the activated carbon in the system is taken out after a period of time after urine is purified, and can be used as a nitrogen-rich biochar-based slow release fertilizer to realize high-quality returning. The biochar-based slow release fertilizer has high nitrogen and potassium content and does not produce secondary pollution caused by heavy metal elements. Compared with chemical fertilizers, the fertilizer has remarkable nutrition slow-release effect, can assist in constructing a zero-carbon emission mode of agricultural and forestry wastes, and can greatly promote the construction of village joyful.
2. The system has the rainwater concurrently and collects and urine purifies cyclic utilization function, satisfies outdoor lavatory water demand. High-efficient self-supporting need not to construct complicated water pipe network and drain pipe network, has guaranteed the flexibility that outdoor lavatory set up.
3. The biomass tank and the multilayer carbon tank are based on the principle of simplicity and convenience, the carbon boxes are flexibly disassembled and assembled, the labor cost can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the economical efficiency of operation management of the outdoor toilet is improved.
4. The pressurized water driving device in the system uses the gravity of a human body as a power source to realize zero energy consumption toilet flushing, energy consumption equipment such as a water pump is not needed, energy can be effectively saved, and the independence of outdoor toilet construction is ensured.
The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail by embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a urine cascade treatment system based on an agricultural and forestry waste source activated carbon according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of straw char adsorption time;
FIG. 3 is a comparative leaching curve of a straw char urea fertilizer;
FIG. 4 is a comparison graph of the growth of the common urea group and the straw charcoal tissue culture seed;
FIG. 5 is a comparative measurement chart of samples of a common urea group and a straw char group.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
Referring to fig. 1, the invention relates to an agricultural and forestry waste source activated carbon-based urine cascade treatment system, which comprises a double-tank series device and a reservoir, wherein an inlet of the double-tank series device is connected with a urine discharge port of a toilet, an outlet of the double-tank series device is connected with the reservoir, the double-tank series device comprises a biomass tank and a plurality of layers of carbon tanks which are sequentially arranged along a urine treatment direction, biomass is stored in the biomass tank and is used for carrying out primary adsorption on urine, a plurality of layers of activated carbon are arranged in the plurality of layers of carbon tanks and are used for carrying out secondary adsorption on urine, the urine purified by the adsorption of the double-tank series device is collected into the reservoir, and raw materials of the activated carbon are taken from the biomass soaked in the urine in the biomass tank.
According to the invention, the biomass tank is used for slightly adsorbing urine for one time, and the wood chips, straw chips and the like for slightly adsorbing urine are covered at the upstream of the double-tank series device and assist the pressurized water toilet flushing operation, so that the deodorization effect can be effectively achieved.
Biochar obtained by direct pyrolysis of biomass has undeveloped pore structure and deficient functional groups, and is difficult to realize high-efficiency adsorption of urea. After activation and nitrogen doping, the biochar has a developed pore structure and rich nitrogen-containing functional groups, and can be used for efficiently adsorbing urea. According to the invention, the biochar obtained by pyrolyzing wood chips, straw chips and the like containing urea realizes the self-doping of nitrogen, enriches the pore structure and the specific surface area, and can secondarily and intensively adsorb urea in urine when being arranged at the downstream of a double-tank series device.
The adsorption process of the nitrogen-doped biochar on the urea can be described by several continuous steps from outside to inside: the first step is a liquid film diffusion process: urea molecules diffuse to the surface of the biochar particles through the solution; followed by a particle diffusion process: further diffusing the urea molecules in the structures of macropores, mesopores and micropores of the biochar; finally, the process of adsorption and fixation is carried out, and urea molecules are fixed on adsorption sites of the nitrogen-doped biochar, so that adsorption is completed. The main driving forces for the adsorption process include: pore filling, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic attraction, and lewis acid-base interactions. The micropore filling means that when the pore diameter of micropores of the biochar is 1-2 times of the size of urea molecules, the micropores can generate stronger attraction to the urea molecules, and meanwhile, the pore diameter is closer to the size of the urea molecules, and the acting force is stronger. The hydrogen bonding can occur between oxygen and nitrogen atoms on the biochar and hydrogen atoms of amino groups in the urea molecules, and can also occur between hydrogen atoms on hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups on the biochar and oxygen atoms on the urea molecules. The electrostatic attraction effect is generated between the anions and cations which are mutually attracted and generated by the ionization of functional groups on urea molecules or biochar, and the adsorption process is facilitated.
Further, the preparation method of the activated carbon comprises the following steps: mechanically mixing the raw materials and an activating agent, placing the mixture in a nitrogen atmosphere, and staying for 1h at the pyrolysis temperature of 650-850 ℃. Too low a pyrolysis temperature is disadvantageous for the formation of micropores and high specific surface area activated carbon, and too high a pyrolysis temperature may cause deformation, collapse and clogging of micropores of the activated carbon, resulting in a decrease in adsorption capacity. The activating agent required in the preparation of the activated carbon is potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate or potassium bicarbonate, and the raw materials are as follows: the mass ratio of the activating agent is 5:1-10:1. the addition of the activating agent can improve the yield and prepare the activated carbon with more micropores and mesopores.
When the activated carbon is prepared, the post-treatment steps of acid washing, water washing and drying are also included after pyrolysis; the pickling step specifically comprises: 1mol/L for the active carbon obtained after pyrolysis -1 And (5) soaking and washing with hydrochloric acid. The water washing step specifically comprises: after filtration, the activated carbon was washed with deionized water, and the pH test paper was used to detect the pH of the filtrate until the filtrate was neutral. Finally dried in an oven at 110 ℃ overnight.
Furthermore, the biomass is agricultural and forestry waste comprising straw, bamboo chips, sawdust and the like, the active carbon raw material is selected from the agricultural and forestry waste obtained after the biomass tank is soaked in urine for 4-8 hours, and the biomass and the active carbon are respectively stored in the biomass tank and the multilayer carbon tank after being contained in the filter bags.
Furthermore, a first inlet pipe is arranged above one side of the biomass tank and is connected with a urine outlet of a toilet. The biomass tank is characterized in that a first outflow pipe is arranged above the other side of the biomass tank and connected with the multilayer charcoal tank, the first inlet pipe and the first outflow pipe are obliquely and downwards arranged along the urine flowing direction, and the connecting position of the first inlet pipe and the biomass tank is higher than that of the first outflow pipe and the biomass tank.
Further, the inside of multilayer charcoal jar is from last to being equipped with a plurality of layers of detachable active carbon down in proper order, the second outlet pipe is connected to the below of multilayer charcoal jar, the second outlet pipe inserts the cistern. In this embodiment, multilayer carbon canister is for controlling structure that can open and shut, specifically, including left casing, right casing, dead lever and charcoal box, left side casing with one or both rotationally install on the dead lever in the right side casing, both form a complete tubular structure after combining, and install sealing washer and a plurality of hasp in the department of opening and shutting between them, all be equipped with a plurality of from last to down baffle of interval arrangement in proper order in left side casing and the right casing, form the appearance chamber that is used for installing the charcoal box between two adjacent baffles in upper and lower side, the charcoal box has been put active carbon, all the other charcoal box bottoms except the lower one deck charcoal box all densely covered the aperture. Set up the buckle that is used for fixed charcoal box in left side casing or the right casing, the charcoal box roll-off easily from the baffle when avoiding opening the jar body, when the inside active carbon of needs change, opens the hasp earlier, then expandes one or both in left casing, the right casing, takes off the charcoal box after opening the buckle and changes inside active carbon, easy dismounting easily changes the active carbon.
The flow monitoring unit is connected with the inlet end of the double-tank series device and is used for monitoring the flow of urine processed by the double-tank series device and sending an alarm message when the accumulated water flow reaches a set value. Specifically, in this embodiment, the flow monitoring unit includes the power to and singlechip, hall water flowmeter, WIFI module with power electric connection, the singlechip adopts MSP430F5529 chip, the WIFI module adopts ESP8266-01, the power provides 5V's supply voltage for the device, singlechip and hall water flowmeter, WIFI module electric connection, the singlechip passes through the remote communication of WIFI module with the cell-phone, hall water flowmeter is used for the flow of the urine that two jar of tandem arrangement of real-time supervision handled, and when accumulative discharge reached the setting value, singlechip received signal and through the WIFI module to cell-phone send message, tell maintainer that biomass jar and multilayer charcoal jar in need be changed biomass, active carbon.
Further, the outlet of the reservoir is connected to a toilet flushing port of the toilet through a pressurized water driving device.
Furthermore, the outdoor toilet circulating water unit comprises a rainwater collecting unit and a pressurized water driving device, the rainwater collecting unit is used for collecting rainwater on the roof of the outdoor toilet, the reservoir is used for storing rainwater collected by the rainwater collecting unit and urine purified by the double-tank series device, the reservoir is connected with an inlet of the pressurized water driving device and used for providing a water source for flushing the toilet, and an outlet of the pressurized water driving device is connected with a toilet flushing port of the toilet. Wherein, whole urine processing system is high low level and arranges, relies on urine self gravity and pressurized-water drive arrangement to realize hydrologic cycle. The height of each device from the ground is respectively from high to low: a closestool, a double-tank series device, a reservoir and a pressurized water driving device.
Specifically, in this embodiment, pressurized-water drive arrangement includes braced frame, folding cask, sponge, footboard, folding cask is installed in braced frame, the water piping connection cistern of folding cask goes out the water piping connection closestool, the inside sponge that fills of folding cask, the top has the footboard, the footboard passes through a plurality of guide pulley and installs on braced frame, when the footboard was pressed and is moved down, the compression of drive folding cask made inside deposit water and discharged.
Specifically, in this embodiment, rainwater collection unit includes roof, the drain pipe of outdoor lavatory body, the roof is the slope and sets up downwards, the equipartition has a plurality of recess on the roof, the low level end on roof is equipped with the water catch bowl, and the low level end of a plurality of recess all inserts the water catch bowl, the exit linkage drain pipe's of water catch bowl import, the exit linkage cistern of drain pipe.
The performance detection of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) Soaking the collected agriculture and forestry biomass waste corn straws in a 2% urea solution for 4 hours.
(2) Mixing the corn straw soaked in the urea solution for 4 hours with potassium bicarbonate in a ratio of 10: mechanically mixing at a mass ratio of 1.8, feeding into a tube furnace, heating to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and staying for 1h. And washing the straw carbon obtained after pyrolysis with 1mol/L hydrochloric acid and deionized water in sequence, and sending the washed straw carbon into an oven for drying. In the preparation process of other samples, the soaking time, the pyrolysis temperature and the mass ratio of the straws to the potassium bicarbonate in the urea solution are changed, and the experimental operation is carried out according to the method.
(3) Soaking the obtained straw carbon in 2% urea solution, and setting the adsorption time to be 2h, 4h, 7h, 14h and 16h respectively. The urea concentration in each solution after adsorption was obtained using an Shimadzu UV2600 UV-visible spectrophotometer to obtain a urea concentration time curve, as shown in FIG. 2, and the results of the straw carbon adsorption time experiment are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Experimental results of carbon adsorption time of straw
The following results were obtained by experiment: the urea adsorption quantity of the unit mass of the straw carbon is increased along with the increase of the adsorption time,and the unit adsorption capacity of the straw carbon can reach 91.3mg g after 16h of adsorption -1 。
(4) 2g of quartz sand, 0.18g of straw carbon after adsorbing urea for 16 hours and 0.8g of quartz sand are sequentially paved in the plastic column from bottom to top. The eluviation experiments were performed at a flow rate of 100. Mu.L/min. 0.5ml of the solution after leaching for 10min, 23min, 36min, 49min, 62min and 75min is taken out respectively, and the concentration of urea is measured. In addition, the same experiment operation is performed on a common urea fertilizer with equal quality (the manufacturer is Anhui Jinneng chemical industry Co., ltd., nitrogen content is not less than 46.4%), so as to obtain a leaching comparison curve of the straw carbon and the urea fertilizer, as shown in fig. 3, and the results of the leaching experiment of the straw carbon are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 results of the straw char leaching experiment
Experiments show that compared with common urea fertilizer, the activated carbon sample has a certain slow release effect.
(5) In order to verify the fertilizer efficiency of the obtained activated carbon slow release fertilizer and a common urea fertilizer, high-yield lobular Wang Jiangdou seeds are selected and soaked in warm water at 55 ℃ for excitation, stirred for 15min, bred by a paper bed method (the seeds are spread in a culture dish paved with filter paper, 5ml of deionized water is added), and placed in a 30 ℃ oven for 30h. Selecting a plurality of seeds with approximately same growth conditions after germination, and dividing the seeds into a urea group and a straw charcoal group. Mixing common urea fertilizer with equal mass, straw charcoal soaked for 22h and 2ml of water, adding the mixture into a culture dish, and continuously culturing in an oven at 30 ℃. After the cowpea seedlings are cultivated for 1d, the carbon on the surfaces of the cowpea seedlings with the straw carbon groups is washed away by deionized water, the experimental results are recorded and contrastively analyzed, as shown in figures 4 and 5, and the comparative analysis of the cultivation effects of the common urea groups and the straw carbon groups is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 comparative analysis of the cultivation effect of the common urea group and the straw charcoal group
The experiment shows that: the straw charcoal group cowpea sprout development condition is better, the water content of the urea group is obviously evaporated after the cultivation for the same time, and the water and fertilizer retention effect of the obtained charcoal-based fertilizer is proved. The root rot phenomenon is probably caused by the fact that the urea concentration is high when the common urea fertilizer is applied, and the seedling burning is caused, and the nutrition slow-release effect of the charcoal-based fertilizer is reversely proved.
The above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modifications of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a urine cascade treatment system based on agriculture and forestry discarded object source active carbon which characterized in that: the device comprises a double-tank series device and a reservoir, wherein an outlet of the double-tank series device is connected with the reservoir, the double-tank series device comprises a biomass tank and a multilayer carbon tank which are sequentially arranged along the urine treatment direction, biomass is stored in the biomass tank and is used for adsorbing urine for the first time, a plurality of layers of activated carbon are arranged in the multilayer carbon tank and are used for adsorbing urine for the second time, the urine purified by the double-tank series device is collected into the reservoir, the raw material of the activated carbon is taken from the biomass tank which is soaked in the urine, and the activated carbon is taken out as a biochar-based slow-release fertilizer after being adsorbed and saturated; the activated carbon is obtained by mechanically mixing the raw material and an activating agent, placing the mixture in a nitrogen atmosphere, and staying for 1h at the pyrolysis temperature of 650-850 ℃; the raw material and the activating agent are subjected to post-treatment including acid washing, water washing and drying after pyrolysis; the activating agent is potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate or potassium bicarbonate, and the raw materials are as follows: the mass ratio of the activating agent is 5:1-10; the biomass is agricultural and forestry waste, the active carbon raw material is selected from the agricultural and forestry waste which is obtained after urine is soaked in the biomass tank for 4-8 hours, and the biomass and the active carbon are respectively stored in the biomass tank and the multilayer carbon tank after being contained by the filter bags.
2. The forestry and agricultural residue source activated carbon-based urine cascade treatment system of claim 1, wherein: the device comprises a biomass tank, a multi-layer carbon tank, a first inlet pipe, a first outflow pipe, a second inlet pipe, a second outflow pipe and a second outlet pipe, wherein the first inlet pipe is arranged above one side of the biomass tank and connected with a urine discharge port of a toilet, the first outflow pipe is arranged above the other side of the biomass tank and connected with the multi-layer carbon tank, the first inlet pipe and the first outflow pipe are both obliquely and downwards arranged along the flow direction of urine, and the connecting position of the first inlet pipe and the biomass tank is higher than the connecting position of the first outflow pipe and the biomass tank.
3. The forestry and agricultural residue source activated carbon-based urine cascade treatment system of claim 1, wherein: the inside of multilayer charcoal jar is from last to being equipped with a plurality of layers in proper order down and to dismantle charcoal box splendid attire active carbon, the sub-unit connection second outlet pipe of multilayer charcoal jar, the second outlet pipe inserts the cistern.
4. An forestry and agricultural residue source activated carbon-based urine cascade treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the device also comprises a flow monitoring unit, wherein the flow monitoring unit is connected with the inlet end of the double-tank series device and is used for monitoring the flow of urine processed by the double-tank series device and sending an alarm message when the accumulated water flow reaches a set value.
5. The forestry and agricultural residue source activated carbon-based urine cascade treatment system of claim 4, wherein: the flow monitoring unit comprises a power supply, a single chip microcomputer, a Hall water flowmeter and a WIFI module, wherein the single chip microcomputer, the Hall water flowmeter and the WIFI module are electrically connected with the power supply, the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the Hall water flowmeter and the WIFI module, the single chip microcomputer is in remote communication with the mobile phone through the WIFI module, the Hall water flowmeter is used for monitoring the flow of urine processed by the double-tank series connection device in real time, and when the accumulated water flow reaches a set value, the single chip microcomputer receives signals and sends messages to the mobile phone through the WIFI module.
6. The forestry and agricultural residue source activated carbon-based urine cascade treatment system of claim 1, wherein: the outlet of the reservoir is connected to the toilet flushing port of the toilet through a pressurized water driving device.
7. The forestry and agricultural residue source activated carbon-based urine cascade treatment system of claim 1, wherein: still include outdoor lavatory circulation water unit, outdoor lavatory circulation water unit includes rainwater collection unit and pressurized-water drive arrangement, the cistern is used for storing the rainwater that rainwater collection unit collected and handles the urine after purifying through two jar tandem arrangement, the cistern links to each other with pressurized-water drive arrangement's entry for provide the water source of flushing the lavatory, the closestool flushing port in lavatory is connected to pressurized-water drive arrangement's exit linkage.
8. The forestry and agricultural residue source activated carbon-based urine cascade treatment system of claim 7, wherein: the pressurized-water driving device comprises a supporting frame, a folding bucket, sponge and a pedal, wherein the folding bucket is installed in the supporting frame, a water inlet pipe of the folding bucket is connected with a reservoir, a water outlet pipe is connected with a closestool, the sponge is filled in the folding bucket, the pedal is arranged above the folding bucket and is installed on the supporting frame through a plurality of guide pulleys, and when the pedal is pressed to move downwards, the folding bucket is driven to compress, so that water stored in the folding bucket is discharged.
9. The forestry and agricultural residue source activated carbon-based urine cascade treatment system of claim 7, wherein: the rainwater collection unit includes roof, the drain pipe of outdoor lavatory body, the roof is the slope and sets up downwards, the equipartition has a plurality of recess on the roof, the low level end on roof is equipped with the water catch bowl, and the low level end of a plurality of recess all inserts the water catch bowl, the exit linkage drain pipe's of water catch bowl import, the exit linkage cistern of drain pipe.
10. The forestry and agricultural residue source activated carbon-based urine cascade treatment system of claim 1, wherein: multilayer carbon canister includes left casing, right casing, dead lever and charcoal box, left side casing with one or both rotationally install on the dead lever in the right side casing, form a complete tubular structure after both make up, and install sealing washer and a plurality of hasp in the department that opens and shuts between them, all be equipped with a plurality of in left side casing and the right casing from the top down interval arrangement's in proper order baffle, form the appearance chamber that is used for installing the charcoal box between two adjacent baffles in upper and lower side, activated carbon has been put in the charcoal box, all the other charcoal box bottoms except the lower one deck charcoal box are all densely covered the aperture.
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| CN202110863183.XA CN113754002B (en) | 2021-07-29 | 2021-07-29 | Urine cascade treatment system based on agriculture and forestry waste source active carbon |
| PCT/CN2021/121991 WO2023004993A1 (en) | 2021-07-29 | 2021-09-30 | Urine cascade processing system based on agriculture and forest waste-sourced activated carbon |
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| CN202110863183.XA CN113754002B (en) | 2021-07-29 | 2021-07-29 | Urine cascade treatment system based on agriculture and forestry waste source active carbon |
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| KR100450148B1 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-10-06 | (주)바이오탱크 | Urine purity processing unit |
| JP2005305314A (en) * | 2004-04-22 | 2005-11-04 | Chiyoda Engineering Kk | System for treating waste liquid containing solid |
| JP2007105166A (en) * | 2005-10-12 | 2007-04-26 | Kankyo Cs One:Kk | Urine purifying facility and biological toilet installation |
| JP5553400B2 (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2014-07-16 | 大央電設工業株式会社 | Bio toilet |
| CN101695619B (en) * | 2009-11-12 | 2011-05-11 | 民政部一零一研究所 | Drawer type active carbon filter |
| CN102424642A (en) * | 2011-09-25 | 2012-04-25 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for producing biocarbon-based slow-release nitrogen fertilizer |
| JP3178329U (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2012-09-13 | 龍一 野辺 | Biomass toilet |
| CN103865552B (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-10-14 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of method and charcoal preparing charcoal based on agriculture and forestry organic waste material |
| CN108128836A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-08 | 宿州智慧农业研究院 | A kind of biomass carbon multilayer pot type adsorption treatment on sewage method |
| AU2020103640A4 (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2021-02-04 | Jiangsu Academy Of Agricultural Sciences | Porous Biomass Adsorbing Material, And Application Thereof |
| CN109160570A (en) * | 2018-09-15 | 2019-01-08 | 天津大学 | A kind of urine wastewater treatment method based on charcoal |
| CN110015792A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-16 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of photocatalysis urine process recycle device |
| CN111848292A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-30 | 上海大学 | Urea slow-release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN112551525A (en) * | 2020-12-26 | 2021-03-26 | 余智秋 | Method for preparing activated carbon by combining urine and biomass and performance analysis |
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| CN113754002A (en) | 2021-12-07 |
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