CN113747886A - 新型特定水溶性维生素递送系统 - Google Patents
新型特定水溶性维生素递送系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113747886A CN113747886A CN202080031699.1A CN202080031699A CN113747886A CN 113747886 A CN113747886 A CN 113747886A CN 202080031699 A CN202080031699 A CN 202080031699A CN 113747886 A CN113747886 A CN 113747886A
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Classifications
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种新型特定水溶性维生素递送系统。
Description
本发明涉及一种用于大肠的新型特定水溶性维生素递送系统。这些营养成分对单胃动物(诸如生猪和家禽以及鱼),尤其是人类的肠道和代谢健康有用。
在过去几年期间,可以观察到消费者对促进肠道健康的产品的兴趣有所增加。许多新产品上市并在市场上被消费者广泛认可。
对肠道微生物群对新陈代谢和免疫力以及肥胖症、炎症、心血管疾病和糖尿病的潜在影响的研究也已经有所增加。
已知水溶性维生素(维生素B和维生素C)是重要且健康的化合物(对于肠道和代谢健康也是如此)。
水溶性维生素通常被配制成粉末状粒子或颗粒,其中维生素被包埋在包封基质材料内。通常该基质材料易溶于胃中,从而立即释放出维生素。因此,维生素将在胃或小肠中被吸收,而不会到达大肠。
小肠或大肠中的释放通常使用控释胶囊或片剂实现。将活性物质掺入胶囊或片剂中,该胶囊或片剂用一种或多种导致控释的包衣包被。然而,作为递送系统的片剂和胶囊具有几个缺点。可掺入单一片剂或胶囊中的活性物质的量受到可用体积的限制。特别是非常年轻和年老的患者吞咽片剂或胶囊有困难。胶囊和片剂在胃中的停留时间变化很大,并且释放非常准时,这可能导致活性物质的局部浓度非常高,这可造成有害影响。
多微粒形式如粉末、颗粒、珠粒或丸粒克服了这些缺点。然而,由于多微粒剂型与片剂或胶囊相比的更大比表面积,所以在多微粒剂型上施加控释包衣是困难的。为了实现具有足够厚度的均匀分布的包衣层,所需的包衣材料的量远高于片剂或胶囊所需的包衣材料的量,从而减少了有效负载的可用空间。
用于在小肠中释放的合适包衣材料通常包含pH敏感聚合物。这种方法利用了GIT中存在的从胃(pH 1.5-3.5)和小肠(pH 5.5-6.8)至大肠(6.4-7.0)逐渐增加的pH梯度。最常用的pH依赖性聚合物是丙烯酸和纤维素的衍生物。各种pH依赖性包衣聚合物包括醋酸邻苯二甲酸纤维素(cellulose acetate phthalate,CAP)聚醋酸乙烯邻苯二甲酸酯(poly vinyl acetate phthalate,PVAP)羟丙基甲基纤维素苯二甲酸酯(hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose phthalate,HPMCP)和甲基丙烯酸共聚物,通常称为甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物或丙烯酸树脂(Eudragit)。
pH敏感包衣技术的一个重要限制是包衣可能开始溶解的位置和环境的不确定性。由于GI动力的变化,有可能的是单独的肠溶衣可能导致药物在小肠中过早释放。
在过去,研究人员已经对GI微生物菌群作为结肠区域中药物释放机制的用途非常感兴趣。大多数细菌存在于远端肠道中,但是它们分布在整个GI道中。结肠细菌主要是厌氧性的,并且分泌能够代谢内源性底物和外源性底物两者的酶,所述底物是例如逃避开在上GI道中消化的碳水化合物和蛋白质。针对结肠靶向研究了天然存在于植物来源中的多糖(例如,果胶,瓜尔胶、菊粉)、天然存在于动物来源中的多糖(例如,壳聚糖、硫酸软骨素)、天然存在于藻类来源中的多糖(例如,藻酸盐)或天然存在于微生物来源中的多糖(例如,葡聚糖)。
这些多糖由结肠微生物菌群,由糖分解物种如拟杆菌属(bacteroide)和双歧杆菌属(bifidobacteria)分解成简单的糖类,[Jose,S.,K.Dhanya,T.A.Cinu,J.Litty和A.J.Chacko(2009)."Colon targeted drug delivery:different approaches."J.YoungPharm.1(1):13-19.]。
尽管这些聚合物中的许多聚合物在大肠中被特异性地降解,但这些聚合物中的许多聚合物是亲水性的,并且在暴露于上GI条件下时会溶胀,这导致了过早的药物释放。此外,这些可发酵物通常在溶液中表现出非常高的粘度,这使得它们难以或不可能在更高的浓度下处理。
可发酵的生物聚合物已被用作包封基质。在基质包封中,活性物质均质地分布在保护性基质中,该保护性基质在这种情况下是可发酵的生物聚合物。然而,基质包封有几个严重的缺点。由于生物聚合物的高粘度,例如在喷雾干燥或凝胶包封中的基质溶液非常稀,使得干燥困难且昂贵。基质包封中的有效负载相对较低(通常低于50%)。
现在,本发明的目标是找到一种改进的多微粒递送系统(制剂)以提高特定水溶性维生素在经由胃和小肠转运期间(在大肠中释放之前)的稳定性,以便提高特定水溶性维生素的可用性和功效。
此外,新型递送系统应该能够以简单和工业适用的方式生产。
已经发现,当用特定的内包衣和特定的外包衣包被包含选自由维生素B1、B3、B5、B6、B7、B9、B12和C组成的组的至少一种特定水溶性维生素的固体芯时,则递送系统具有改进的特性。此外,递送系统可以分批生产,也可以通过连续工艺生产。
换句话说,所述新型递送系统用于除维生素B2以外的所有水溶性维生素。
根据本发明的新型递送系统(delivery system,DS)由以下组成:
(a)固体芯,所述固体芯包含至少一种水溶性维生素,所述至少一种水溶性维生素选自由维生素B1、B3、B5、B6、B7、B9、B12和C组成的组,以及
(b)内包衣,所述内包衣包含至少一种可发酵的生物聚合物,所述至少一种可发酵的生物聚合物是交联的,以及
(c)外包衣,所述外包衣抵抗胃部条件并在小肠中释放。
根据本发明的新型递送系统(DS1)由以下组成:
(a)固体芯,所述固体芯包含至少一种水溶性维生素,以及
(b)内包衣,所述内包衣包含至少一种可发酵的生物聚合物,所述至少一种可发酵的生物聚合物是交联的,以及
(c)外包衣,所述外包衣抵抗胃部条件并在小肠中释放,
前提条件是维生素B2被从该范围中排除。
如果需要和希望的话,可以将其他营养制剂掺入芯(或包衣)中。营养制剂是在动物中提供健康益处的化合物。
优选作为特定水溶性维生素的是维生素C。
因此,本发明涉及一种递送系统(DS1'),所述递送系统是递送系统(DS)或(DS1),其中特定水溶性维生素是维生素C。
根据本发明的递送系统包括内包衣,该内包衣需要满足所定义的标准。用于内包衣的合适材料(可发酵的生物聚合物)是例如藻酸盐、壳聚糖、果胶、环糊精以及其他树胶。用于内包衣的优选包衣材料是藻酸盐或果胶。
内包衣是交联的。这可以由通常已知的交联化合物来实现。在使用藻酸盐的情况下,可以通过Zn、Mg和/或Ca离子(通过使用盐)来完成此。交联剂可以在已经施加内包衣之后或在施加内包衣的同时喷涂到固体芯上。或者可以将包被的粒子浸入包含交联剂的溶液中。
优选地,在已经施加内包衣层之后将交联剂喷涂到粒子上。
本发明的另一个优点还在于根据本发明的新型递送系统的生产可以分批也可以连续进行。与从现有技术中已知的系统相比,考虑到此类产品的工业生产,这也是一个巨大的优势。该过程的细节公开如下。
因此,本发明涉及一种递送系统(DS2),所述递送系统是递送系统(DS)、(DS1)或(DS1'),其中内包衣的材料选自由藻酸盐、壳聚糖、果胶、环糊精以及其他树胶组成的组。
因此,本发明涉及一种递送系统(DS2'),该递送系统是递送系统(DS2),其中内包衣的材料是藻酸盐或果胶。
内包衣层(或多或少地)完全覆盖芯。理想地,内包衣层在施加至固体芯上时具有(或多或少)相同的厚度。
通常内包衣层的厚度是至少5μm并且不大于20μm。
优选地,内包衣层的厚度介于5μm-10μm之间。
因此,本发明涉及一种递送系统(DS3),所述递送系统是递送系统(DS)、(DS1)、(DS1')、(DS2)或(DS2'),其中内包衣层的厚度是5μm-10μm。
内包衣层是用至少一种交联剂交联的。可以使用任何合适的交联剂。非常合适并且因此优选的是Zn、Mg和Ca离子(它们以盐的形式加入)。
因此,本发明涉及一种递送系统(DS4),所述递送系统是递送系统(DS)、(DS1)、(DS1')、(DS2)、(DS2')或(DS3),其中内包衣层是用至少一种交联剂(优选地用Zn、Mg和/或Ca离子)交联的。
因此,本发明涉及一种递送系统(DS5),所述递送系统是递送系统(DS)、(DS1)、(DS1')、(DS2)、(DS2')、(DS3)或(DS4),其中交联的内包衣层是海藻酸钠或果胶。
根据本发明的递送系统包括外包衣,该外包衣需要满足所定义的标准。满足用于外包衣的标准的合适材料是例如虫胶、甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物和脂肪。
因此,本发明涉及一种递送系统(DS6),所述递送系统是递送系统(DS)、(DS1)、(DS1')、(DS2)、(DS2')、(DS3)、(DS4)或(DS5),其中外包衣的材料选自由虫胶、甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物和脂肪组成的组。
外包衣层(或多或少)完全覆盖内包衣。理想地,外包衣层在施加至内包衣上时具有(或多或少)相同的厚度。
通常外层的厚度是至少10μm并且通常小于30μm。
优选地,外包衣层的厚度介于10μm与20μm之间。
因此,本发明涉及一种递送系统(DS7),所述递送系统是递送系统(DS)、(DS1)、(DS1')、(DS2)、(DS2')、(DS3)、(DS4)、(DS5)或(DS6),其中外包衣层的厚度是10μm-20μm。
基于递送系统的总重量,根据本发明的递送系统的固体芯通常是10-85重量%,优选地50-75重量%。
因此,本发明涉及一种递送系统(DS8),所述递送系统是递送系统(DS)、(DS1)、(DS1')、(DS2)、(DS2')、(DS3)、(DS4)、(DS5)、(DS6)或(DS7),其中基于递送系统的总重量,递送系统的固体芯是10-85重量%,优选地50-75重量%。
基于递送系统的总重量,根据本发明的递送系统的内包衣通常是1-20重量%,优选地1-10重量%。
因此,本发明涉及一种递送系统(DS9),所述递送系统是递送系统(DS)、(DS1)、(DS1')、(DS2)、(DS2')、(DS3)、(DS4)、(DS5)、(DS6)、(DS7)或(DS8),其中基于递送系统的总重量,递送系统的内包衣是10-85重量%,优选地1-10重量%。
基于递送系统的总重量,根据本发明的递送系统的外包衣通常是1-30重量%,优选地15-30重量%。
因此,本发明涉及一种递送系统(DS10),所述递送系统是递送系统(DS)、(DS1)、(DS1')、(DS2)、(DS2')、(DS3)、(DS4)、(DS5)、(DS6)、(DS7)、(DS8)或(DS9),其中基于递送系统的总重量,递送系统的外包衣是1-30重量%,优选地15-30重量%。
根据本发明的递送系统的尺寸可为至多2mm。该尺寸由粒子的最长直径限定。粒子的形状不是本发明的基本特征。此外,粒子的粒径分布并不是至关重要的。粒子的尺寸和形状主要由递送系统的固体芯限定。根据递送系统的用途,可以调整尺寸。
根据本发明的递送系统是通过通常已知的技术生产的。
通常在第一步骤中产生固体芯,然后施加内包衣和外包衣。
固体芯粒子可以通过已知方法,例如喷雾干燥、附聚、造粒、微压片、挤出或挤出-滚圆产生。
如上所述,新型递送系统的主要优点之一(除了递送系统的特性之外还)在于递送系统的生产方法。
新型递送系统可以分批或连续地生产。
当分批生产时,新粒子可以如下生产:
在第一步骤中,通过用内包衣的包衣材料喷涂来包被固体芯,然后将交联剂喷涂到该粒子上。在第二步骤中,将外包衣喷涂到通过先前步骤获得的粒子上,最终干燥该等粒子。
该方法的优点是包括通过造粒或附聚生成固体芯在内的步骤可以在同一装置(流化床处理器)中进行,这减少了技术工作量。然而,也有可能即首先生产固体芯,存储固体芯,然后包被它们。
如何生产新型递送系统的另一种选项是连续方法,其中依次首先生产固体芯,然后包被步骤完成喷涂到粒子上。这些方法对于以工业规模应用是理想的。
因此,本发明还涉及粒子(DS)、(DS1)、(DS1')、(DS2)、(DS2')、(DS3)、(DS4)、(DS5)、(DS6)、(DS7)、(DS8)、(DS9)或(DS10)中的任一者的生产方法(P),其中所述方法分批进行。
因此,本发明还涉及粒子(DS)、(DS1)、(DS1')、(DS2)(DS2')、(DS3)、(DS4)、(SD5)、(DS6)、(DS7)、(DS8)、(DS9)或(DS10)中的任一者的生产方法(P1),其中所述方法连续地进行。
根据本发明的新型递送系统(DS)、(DS1)、(DS1')、(DS2)、(DS2')、(DS3)、(DS4)、(DS5)、(DS6)、(DS7)、(DS8)、(DS9)和/或(DS10)可以原样使用或掺入到施加形式中。
新型递送系统(DS)、(DS1)、(DS1')、(DS2)、(DS2')、(DS3)、(DS4)、(DS5)、(DS6)、(DS7)、(DS8)、(DS9)和/或(DS10)可原样用于任何膳食补充剂、食品、饲料产品、个人护理产品或药物产品中。
新型递送系统(DS)、(DS1)、(DS1')、(DS2)、(DS2')、(DS3)、(DS4)、(DS5)、(DS6)、(DS7)、(DS8)、(DS9)或(DS10)也可以是预混制剂的一部分,该预混制剂随后可用于配制任何膳食补充剂、食品、饲料产品、个人护理产品或药物产品。
本发明还涉及一种使用至少一种递送系统(DS)、(DS1)、(DS1')、(DS2)、(DS2')、(DS3)、(DS4)、(DS5)、(DS6)、(DS7)、(DS8)、(DS9)或(DS10)生产预混物、膳食补充剂、食品、饲料产品、个人护理产品或药物产品的方法。
本发明还涉及一种预混物、膳食补充剂、食品、饲料产品、个人护理产品或药物产品,其包含至少一种递送系统(DS)、(DS1)、(DS1')、(DS2)、(DS2')、(DS3)、(DS4)、(DS5)、(DS6)、(DS7)、(DS8)、(DS9)或(DS10)。
以下实施例用于说明本文要求保护的本发明的具体实施方式。所有百分比均给出为与重量相关,并且所有温度均以摄氏度为单位给出。
实施例
实施例1:
在60℃在搅拌下将15g海藻酸钠(磨碎的海藻酸钠)溶于485g水中。将31.5g二水合氯化钙溶于98.5g水中。将100g维生素C粉末(抗坏血酸,DSM)填充在流化床处理器(WFPmini,DMR,Wurster configuration)中。所有包被步骤都在介于50℃与60℃之间的产品温度下执行。首先将藻酸盐溶液喷涂到流化的抗坏血酸粉末上。在喷涂藻酸盐溶液后,用水短暂冲洗进料管。在53℃的产品温度下将氯化钙溶液喷涂在内包衣上以进行硬化。在溶液硬化后,喷涂固含量为25%的154g水性虫胶制备物(SSB Aquagold,Stroever)作为外包衣。在喷涂虫胶后,将产品在流化床中干燥。
最终包被的颗粒的组成是65%的抗坏血酸、9%的藻酸盐、1%的氯化钙和25%的虫胶。
Claims (9)
1.一种递送系统,所述递送系统由以下组成
(a)固体芯,所述固体芯包含至少一种水溶性维生素,所述至少一种水溶性维生素选自由维生素B1、B3、B5、B6、B7、B9、B12和C组成的组,以及
(b)内包衣,所述内包衣包含至少一种可发酵的生物聚合物,所述至少一种可发酵的生物聚合物是交联的,以及
(c)外包衣,所述外包衣抵抗胃部条件并在小肠中释放。
2.根据权利要求书1所述的递送系统,其中所述水溶性维生素是维生素C。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的递送系统,其中所述内包衣的材料选自由藻酸盐、壳聚糖、果胶、环糊精以及其他树胶组成的组。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的递送系统,其中所述内包衣是用Zn、Mg和/或Ca离子交联的。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的递送系统,其中所述外包衣选自由虫胶、甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物和脂肪组成的组。
6.一种用于生产根据前述权利要求1-5中任一项所述的递送系统的方法,其中所述方法分批进行。
7.一种用于生产根据前述权利要求1-5中任一项所述的递送系统的方法,其中所述方法连续地进行。
8.一种用于使用至少一种根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的递送系统生产预混物、膳食补充剂、食品、饲料产品、个人护理产品或药物产品的方法。
9.一种预混物、膳食补充剂、食品、饲料产品、个人护理产品或药物产品,其包含至少一种根据权利要求1-5所述的递送系统。
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