CN113745822A - Design method of low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave oscillator antenna - Google Patents
Design method of low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave oscillator antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN113745822A CN113745822A CN202110818005.5A CN202110818005A CN113745822A CN 113745822 A CN113745822 A CN 113745822A CN 202110818005 A CN202110818005 A CN 202110818005A CN 113745822 A CN113745822 A CN 113745822A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design method of a low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave oscillator antenna, and belongs to the technical field of antennas and microwaves. Two fan-shaped patches with symmetrical structures, an asymmetrical microstrip feeder line and a ground plate structure are respectively designed on a dielectric substrate. The invention adopts a micro-disturbance eccentric feed mode, the micro-strip feeder adopts a conversion structure from a coplanar double-conductor transmission line to a micro-strip line, and asymmetry is introduced to the micro-strip feeder and the grounding plate, thereby realizing the characteristic of low cross polarization. The invention has lower cross polarization than the conventional printed dipole, has the characteristics of small volume, light weight, low profile and the like, and has wide application prospect in future mobile communication and wireless communication.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a design method of a low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave oscillator antenna, and belongs to the technical field of antennas and microwaves.
Background
With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, it is gradually difficult for current 4G wireless cellular systems and their related mobile antenna configurations to meet the increasing demands of wireless services, and 5G is the next generation wireless broadband technology with the advantages of excellent reliability, ultra-high speed, low delay, etc. However, currently, the frequency spectrum resources used by wireless communication are very limited, and the utilization of high-frequency band communication is a necessary trend of 5G mobile communication, so the millimeter wave antenna technology is a leading research field which is developed very rapidly and is important at present.
Meanwhile, the microstrip antenna has the advantages of light weight, small volume, low profile, easy integration in a microwave circuit and the like, and therefore, the microstrip antenna has wide application in the fields of mobile communication, electronic navigation, radar signals and the like. However, the conventional microstrip printed dipole antenna has high H-plane cross polarization in a high frequency band, so that its application in a millimeter wave band is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a novel design method of a low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave oscillator antenna aiming at the problems in the background technology, wherein the designed antenna has a fan-shaped dipole, an asymmetric feeder line and an asymmetric ground plate structure, the center frequency is 24GHz, and the working frequency band is 22 GHz-26 GHz. The antenna can realize the characteristic of low cross polarization, and has the series advantages of simple structure, excellent performance, convenient manufacture and realization, and the like; and the volume is small, the cost is low, the array antenna can be realized, and the array antenna can be widely applied to the aspects of 5G base stations and the like.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
a design method of a low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave element antenna adopts two fan-shaped patches with the same structure and an asymmetric feeder line structure, and the design method of the antenna specifically comprises the following steps:
two fan-shaped patches which have the same structure and are symmetrical about an axial line in the dielectric substrate are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate to form a fan-shaped dipole; in each fan-shaped patch, a straight edge is parallel to the central axis of the medium substrate;
two feeder lines with asymmetric structures are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate and are respectively connected to the straight sides of the fan-shaped patches parallel to the central axis of the dielectric substrate through two rectangular patches with different sizes, and the low cross polarization performance is realized through the asymmetric feeder line structures;
and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a grounding plate which is positioned between the fan-shaped dipoles and below the feeder line, and one side of the grounding plate is superposed with the bottom edge of the dielectric substrate.
Furthermore, the fan-shaped dipole is also provided with branches, slots or a combination of the branches and the slots so as to tune the working mode of the fan-shaped dipole.
Further, the central angle of the fan-shaped patch is variable.
Furthermore, the rectangular patch and one of the feeder lines are subjected to corner cutting, and the feeder line is of a suspended structure; the other feeder line can be bent and is connected with the grounding plate on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate to form microstrip feed.
Further, the feeding point of the feeder is located at the position where the feeder of the bent structure is connected with the ground plate.
Furthermore, the feeding mode of the feeding adopts the eccentric feeding adopting perturbation.
Furthermore, the microstrip feeder line adopts a conversion structure from a coplanar double-conductor transmission line to a microstrip line;
furthermore, the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is 2.2, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 0.5 mm.
A low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave antenna is manufactured by the method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects: the invention provides a novel design method of a low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave oscillator antenna, which aims to adopt an asymmetric feeder line technology and use a printed fan-shaped dipole antenna structure to realize the H-plane low cross polarization performance on a millimeter wave frequency band.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of an asymmetric millimeter-wave element antenna;
FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional view of an asymmetric millimeter wave element antenna;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the implementation dimensions of an asymmetric millimeter wave element antenna;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the H-plane main polarization and cross polarization radiation patterns resulting from an implementation of an asymmetric millimeter wave dipole antenna;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the specific implementation dimensions of a symmetrical millimeter wave dipole antenna;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the H-plane main and cross polarization radiation patterns for a symmetrical millimeter wave dipole antenna implementation;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the dimensions of a conventional printed element antenna implementation;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the H-plane main and cross polarization radiation patterns resulting from conventional printed element antenna implementations;
in the figure, 1 is a fan-shaped dipole, 2 and 2 'are a feeder line, a 3-grounding plate, 4-a dielectric substrate and 5' are rectangular patches.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the attached drawings:
the invention provides a novel design method of a low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave oscillator antenna, which aims to adopt an asymmetric feeder line technology and use a simple printed sector dipole antenna structure to realize the low cross polarization performance of an H surface on a millimeter wave frequency band.
The implementation schematic diagram of the low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave element antenna is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and the structure of the antenna comprises a sector dipole, a feeder line, a ground plate and a dielectric substrate. The fan-shaped dipole structure is composed of two same fan-shaped patches, the central angle of each fan-shaped patch is alpha, the range is 120 degrees to 150 degrees, the arc length of each fan-shaped patch is 0.9-1 times of the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency, the fan-shaped dipole can tune the working mode of the fan-shaped patches by using branches, grooves or the combination of the branches and the grooves, and the positions of the branches or the grooves are symmetrically arranged about the axis; two feeder lines with asymmetric structures are respectively connected to the straight sides of the fan-shaped patches parallel to the central axis of the dielectric substrate through two rectangular patches with different sizes, the distance between the two feeder lines is a, and the range of the distance is 0.008-0.016 wavelengths. The width of the feeder line of the suspended structure is b, the width of the part, which is not positioned above the grounding plate, of the feeder line of the bent structure is c, and the ranges of the width of the feeder line of the suspended structure and the width of the part are 0.013-0.032 wavelengths; the width of the feed point is d, and the range is 0.008-0.02 wavelength; the length of the part of the feeder line of the suspended structure above the grounding plate is e, and the range of the length is 0.1-0.15 wavelength; the grounding plate is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate; the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 0.5mm, and the relative dielectric constant is 2.2.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, wherein the antenna fan-shaped dipole structure is formed by two identical fan-shaped patches, the central angle of the fan-shaped patches is 135 degrees, and the arc length of the fan-shaped patches is 0.9 times the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency; the distance between the two feeder lines is 0.013 wavelength; the width of the feed line of the suspended structure is 0.026 wavelength, and the width of the feed line of the bent structure at the part which is not above the grounding plate is 0.013 wavelength; the width of the feed port is 0.016 wavelength; the length of the part of the feed line of the suspended structure above the grounding plate is 0.138 wavelength; the grounding plate is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate; the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 0.5mm, and the relative dielectric constant is 2.2. The main polarization and cross polarization radiation pattern of the H surface of the low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave element antenna is obtained by HFSS software simulation calculation, as shown in FIG. 4.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the specific implementation dimensions of the symmetric millimeter wave element antenna, which is taken as a reference comparison example for the performance improvement of the present invention. The antenna sector dipole structure is composed of two same sector patches, the central angle of the sector dipole is 135 degrees, and the arc length of the sector dipole is 0.9 times of the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency; the distance between the two symmetrical feeder lines is 0.013 wavelengths, and the width of the part of the two symmetrical feeder lines above the grounding plate is 0.013 wavelengths; the width of the feed port is 0.016 wavelength; the open part length of the feed line is 0.138 wavelength; the grounding plate is arranged on the lower surface of the medium, the thickness of the medium substrate is 0.5mm, and the relative dielectric constant is 2.2. The main polarization and cross polarization radiation patterns of the H surface of the symmetric millimeter wave element antenna are obtained through HFSS software simulation calculation, as shown in FIG. 6.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the specific implementation dimensions of a conventional printed dipole antenna, which serves as a reference comparative example for the performance enhancement of the present invention. The antenna structure comprises a dielectric layer, dipole antenna arms, a microstrip balun line, a microstrip transmission line and an antenna feed port. The dipole arm length is 0.6 wavelength, the microstrip transmission line length is 0.2 wavelength, the bottom edge length of the microstrip balun line is 0.19 wavelength, and the width of the antenna feed port is 0.24 wavelength. The thickness of the dielectric substrate is 0.5mm, and the relative dielectric constant is 2.2. The main polarization and cross polarization radiation patterns of the H-plane of a conventional printed dipole antenna were calculated by simulation with HFSS software, as shown in fig. 8.
From the above, the maximum cross polarization level of the low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave element antenna designed by the invention can be reduced by about 3dB compared with that of the symmetric millimeter wave element antenna; compared with the conventional printed dipole antenna, the maximum radiation direction can be reduced by about 6 dB; the average cross polarization level can be reduced by about 2dB compared with that of a symmetrical millimeter wave element antenna and a conventional printed dipole antenna. Compared with the conventional printed dipole, the main polarization of the low-cross-polarization asymmetric millimeter wave element antenna designed by the invention can generate 1-2dB distortion.
In conclusion, the low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave element antenna designed by the invention can realize the low cross polarization characteristic and has the series advantages of simple structure, excellent performance, convenience for manufacturing and realizing and the like.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can understand that the modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A design method of a low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave element antenna is characterized in that the asymmetric millimeter wave element antenna adopts two fan-shaped patches (1) with the same structure and an asymmetric feeder line structure, and the design method of the antenna specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that two fan-shaped patches (1) which are identical in structure and symmetrical about an axis of a dielectric substrate (4) are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (4) to form a fan-shaped dipole; each fan-shaped patch (1) is provided with a straight edge parallel to the central axis of the medium substrate (4);
two asymmetric feeder lines (2,2 ') are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (4), and are respectively connected to the straight sides of the fan-shaped patches (1) parallel to the central axis of the dielectric substrate (4) through two rectangular patches (5, 5') with different sizes, so that the low cross polarization performance is realized through the asymmetric feeder line structure;
an earth plate (3) is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (4), the earth plate (3) is positioned between the two fan-shaped patches (1) and below the feeder lines (2, 2'), and one side of the earth plate (3) is superposed with the bottom edge of the dielectric substrate (4).
2. The design method of the low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave dipole antenna according to claim 1, wherein the sector dipole is further provided with branches, slots or a combination of the branches and the slots to tune the working mode.
3. A design method of low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the rectangular patches (5, 5') and the feed line (2) are chamfered.
4. The design method of the low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave dipole antenna according to claim 1, wherein, of the two feeder lines, the feeder line (2) is a suspended structure, and the feeder line (2') is connected with the ground plate (3) to form a microstrip feed.
5. The design method of the low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave element antenna is characterized in that the connection position of the feeder line (2') and the ground plate (3) is a feeding point.
6. The design method of the low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave element antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the feeding mode of the eccentric feeding of perturbation is adopted.
7. The design method of the low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave element antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the feeder lines (2, 2') adopt a conversion structure from a two-conductor transmission line to a microstrip line which are arranged in a coplanar manner.
8. The design method of the low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave element antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dielectric substrate (4) has a relative dielectric constant of 2.2 and a thickness of 0.5 mm.
9. An asymmetric millimeter wave dipole antenna with low cross polarization, characterized in that it is manufactured by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110818005.5A CN113745822B (en) | 2021-07-20 | 2021-07-20 | Design method of low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave oscillator antenna |
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| CN202110818005.5A CN113745822B (en) | 2021-07-20 | 2021-07-20 | Design method of low cross polarization asymmetric millimeter wave oscillator antenna |
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| CN113745822A true CN113745822A (en) | 2021-12-03 |
| CN113745822B CN113745822B (en) | 2022-12-06 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102800956A (en) * | 2012-08-18 | 2012-11-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Wideband dual-polarized antenna for integrated balun feed |
| CN103560321A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-02-05 | 南京邮电大学 | Dual-frequency wide-band antenna of eccentric feed slot asymmetric vibrator-slot line composite structure |
| CN110518359A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-29 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of fan-shaped double humorous dipole antennas |
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2021
- 2021-07-20 CN CN202110818005.5A patent/CN113745822B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102800956A (en) * | 2012-08-18 | 2012-11-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Wideband dual-polarized antenna for integrated balun feed |
| CN103560321A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-02-05 | 南京邮电大学 | Dual-frequency wide-band antenna of eccentric feed slot asymmetric vibrator-slot line composite structure |
| CN110518359A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-29 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of fan-shaped double humorous dipole antennas |
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| CN113745822B (en) | 2022-12-06 |
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