CN113740277A - Environment safety analysis method based on spectral multi-component analysis - Google Patents
Environment safety analysis method based on spectral multi-component analysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN113740277A CN113740277A CN202111206802.4A CN202111206802A CN113740277A CN 113740277 A CN113740277 A CN 113740277A CN 202111206802 A CN202111206802 A CN 202111206802A CN 113740277 A CN113740277 A CN 113740277A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
- G06F18/20—Analysing
- G06F18/21—Design or setup of recognition systems or techniques; Extraction of features in feature space; Blind source separation
- G06F18/213—Feature extraction, e.g. by transforming the feature space; Summarisation; Mappings, e.g. subspace methods
- G06F18/2135—Feature extraction, e.g. by transforming the feature space; Summarisation; Mappings, e.g. subspace methods based on approximation criteria, e.g. principal component analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2218/00—Aspects of pattern recognition specially adapted for signal processing
- G06F2218/02—Preprocessing
Abstract
The invention discloses an environmental safety analysis device based on spectral multi-component analysis, which comprises an installation base: one side fixed mounting at installation base top has electromagnetic radiation analytical equipment, one side movable mounting of installation base has the upset support, the inboard fixed mounting of upset support has radiation signal collection equipment. According to the invention, the electromagnetic radiation analysis equipment can be used for amplifying and changing into a computer program, repeated inspection and elimination are carried out, and then the computer program is compared with a standard program input in the electromagnetic radiation analysis equipment in advance, so that the most accurate data can be obtained, the environmental safety can be analyzed, the practical application is facilitated, and then when the electromagnetic radiation detection is carried out, the analysis instrument can also carry out one-hundred eighty degree adjustment on a transverse shaft and three-hundred sixty degree adjustment on a plurality of shafts, so that the analysis instrument can detect the electromagnetic radiation in a large range, and the environmental safety is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of spectral analysis, and particularly relates to an environmental safety analysis method based on spectral multi-component analysis.
Background
The spectrum is a pattern in which monochromatic light dispersed by a dispersion system (such as a prism and a grating) is divided into monochromatic light, and the dispersed monochromatic light is arranged in sequence according to the size of wavelength (or frequency), which is called an optical spectrum, and the largest part of the visible spectrum in the spectrum is a part visible to human eyes in an electromagnetic spectrum, and electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range is called visible light, and the spectrum does not contain all colors which can be distinguished by human brain vision, such as brown and pink.
The conventional spectral multicomponent analyzer has the following defects:
one, traditional multicomponent analysis appearance is at the actual analysis in-process, can roughly analyze out electromagnetic radiation data only, then with data through the display screen reaction give the staff, the staff carries out corresponding reply according to data and handles, but the data that obtain like this are accurate enough, data do not pass through the screening and reject, also do not pass through the comparison, there is great difference, and the electromagnetic radiation numerical value in the different ranges is also different, these data do not pass through the screening and handle, it is difficult to obtain accurate data value, be unsuitable in the actual application.
Secondly, do not possess regulatory function at traditional multicomponent analysis appearance, the structure of instrument is a whole, so when the data of detection and analysis different position, still need remove the adjustment with the analysis appearance, very loaded down with trivial details, complicated, inconvenient user uses.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an environmental safety analysis method based on spectral multi-component analysis, which aims to solve the problems that the traditional multi-component analyzer only can roughly analyze electromagnetic radiation data in the actual analysis process, then the data are reflected to workers through a display screen, the workers carry out corresponding coping processing according to the data, but the obtained data are not accurate enough, the data are not screened and removed and are not compared, a large difference exists, the electromagnetic radiation numerical values in different ranges are different, the data are not screened and processed, the accurate data values are difficult to obtain and are not suitable for being applied in practice, the traditional multi-component analyzer does not have an adjusting function, the structure of the analyzer is an integral body, so when the data in different directions are detected and analyzed, the analyzer needs to be moved and adjusted, very complicated and complicated, and inconvenient use of the technique by the user.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: an environmental security analysis apparatus based on spectral multicomponent analysis, comprising a mounting base: the electromagnetic radiation analysis device comprises an installation base, an electromagnetic radiation analysis device, a turnover support, a radiation signal acquisition device, a connecting wire, an installation support rod, an irradiation lamp, a disc, a positioning mechanism, an adjusting mechanism and a central control unit, wherein the electromagnetic radiation analysis device is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the installation base, the turnover support is movably installed on one side of the installation base, the radiation signal acquisition device is fixedly installed on the inner side of the turnover support, the output end of the radiation signal acquisition device is electrically connected with the connecting wire, one end of the connecting wire is electrically connected to the input end of the electromagnetic radiation analysis device, the installation support rod is welded on one side of the turnover support, the irradiation lamp is fixedly installed on one side of the installation support rod, the disc is fixedly installed on the surface of the installation support rod, the irradiation holes are arranged at equal intervals on one side of the disc, the positioning mechanism is arranged on one side of the turnover support, the adjusting mechanism is arranged in the installation base, and the electromagnetic radiation analysis device is composed of a radiation test unit, a signal generation unit, a radio frequency power amplification unit and a central control unit, one end of the connecting wire is electrically connected to the input end of the radio frequency power amplifying unit, the output end of the radio frequency power amplifying unit is electrically connected to the input end of the signal generating unit, the input end of the radiation testing unit is electrically connected to the output end of the central control unit, and the output end of the signal generating unit is electrically connected to the input end of the central control unit.
Preferably, a display screen is fixedly mounted on one side of the electromagnetic radiation analysis equipment, and the display screen is arranged on the electromagnetic radiation analysis equipment in a manner of being inclined by forty degrees.
Preferably, positioning mechanism includes the movable pin of welding on the upset support and the guide rail of welding on the installation base, the inner chamber of guide rail is passed and one side that extends to the guide rail to the one end of movable pin, the one end threaded connection of movable pin has the fastening nut that is located the guide rail outside.
Preferably, adjustment mechanism includes the rotation post of fixed mounting on the inner wall of installation base top, the one end fixed mounting who rotates the post has the counter weight base, the counter weight base is located the outside of installation base.
Preferably, the surface of the rotating column is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear, one side of the mounting base is provided with a rocker in a penetrating mode, and one end of the rocker is fixedly connected with a second bevel gear meshed with the first bevel gear.
Preferably, the rocker is located the one end fixed mounting in the installation base outside and has hand round, the hand of hand round is provided with anti-skidding line.
Preferably, the number of the irradiation holes is not less than five, transparent sheets are arranged on the inner sides of the irradiation holes, and the transparent colors are different.
Preferably, the irradiation lamp, one of the irradiation holes near the side of the radiation signal collection device, and the input port at the side of the radiation signal collection device are located on the same axis.
The analysis method is as follows:
first, the quantitative spectroscopic analysis should be based on a relative comparison, a set of standard samples must be used as a reference, and the composition and structural state of the standard samples should be substantially identical to those of the sample to be analyzed.
Step two, firstly adopting a principal component analysis method:
when processing multiple sample data, assuming that the total is x (x1, x1, x3... xn), where each xi ( i 1,2, 3.. n) is the number index to be examined, the situation often encountered in practice is that there is a correlation between the n indexes, if k mutually uncorrelated so-called composite indexes (k < n) can be constructed from the n indexes, and the several composite indexes sufficiently reflect the information of the original n indexes, these composite indexes are called as main components, and are used as the standard sample for comparison;
it should be noted that, in order to maximize the variance, the first weight vector w(1)The formula as shown in fig. 3 must therefore be satisfied, writing this in matrix form can result in the formula as shown in fig. 4, since w(1)Defined as a unit vector that also equivalently satisfies the formula shown in fig. 5, the quantity to be maximized can be considered as the rayleigh quotient, the semi-positive definite matrix: (E.g. xTx) is that the maximum possible value of the quotient is the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix, which occurs when w is the corresponding eigenvector;
w(1)find, data vector x(i)May have a score of t in the transformed coordinates1(i)＝x(i)·w(1)Given, or as a corresponding vector in the original variables, { x(i)·w(1)}w(1)。
The k-th component can be obtained by subtracting the k-1 principal components from x as before, as shown in FIG. 6, and then finding the weight vector that extracts the largest variance from this new data matrix, as shown in FIG. 7, which gives the remaining eigenvectors of xTx, the maximum of the number in brackets is given by their corresponding feature value, so the weight vector is the feature vector T of xxIt turns out that this gives xTx, the maximum of the number in brackets is given by their corresponding eigenvalues, so the weight vector is xTx, and thus, the data vector x(i)May be given a score t in the transformed coordinatesk(i)＝x(i)·w(k)Given, or as a corresponding vector in the raw variable space, { x(i)·w(k)}w(k)Wherein w is(k)Is xTThe kth eigenvector of x, and thus the complete principal component decomposition of x, can be represented as the formula shown in FIG. 6, where W is a p by p matrix with columns of xTThe eigenvectors of x, the transpose of W, are sometimes referred to as whitening or globularization, and the columns of W multiplied by the square root of the corresponding eigenvalue, i.e., the eigenvector amplified by variance, is referred to as the load in principal component analysis or factorial analysis.
And thirdly, the obtained safety standard samples are arranged and gathered into equation data, and then the equation data are input into a main program of analysis equipment, and the equation data are used as the basis of environmental safety analysis to distinguish whether the environmental safety analysis is carried out or not.
Step four, adopting a stepwise regression analysis method:
the basic principle of the stepwise regression method is that firstly, light variables which have obvious influence on an input result are selected one by one, after each new variable is selected, the selected variables are subjected to significance test one by one, the variables which are not significant are eliminated, the selection is repeated in such a way, the test and the elimination are carried out until the collected signals cannot be eliminated and cannot be selected, and the system carries out test and elimination on the collected signals by adopting the method.
And step five, after the analysis steps from the step one to the step four, unsafe data in the spectral multi-component analysis data can be eliminated, the finally obtained data display result is compared with a set standard program, if the comparison result meets the requirement, the data is safe data, and if the comparison result is unqualified, the data is dangerous data.
1. The invention has the beneficial effects that: in the invention, the electromagnetic signal captured by the radiation signal acquisition equipment can be transmitted to the electromagnetic radiation analysis equipment, amplified by the electromagnetic radiation analysis equipment and changed into a computer program, repeated inspection and elimination are carried out, and then the program is compared with a standard which is input in advance in the electromagnetic radiation analysis equipment, so that the most accurate data can be obtained, the environmental safety is analyzed, the practical application is facilitated, and then, when the electromagnetic radiation detection is carried out, the analysis instrument can also carry out one-hundred-eighty degree adjustment on a transverse shaft and three-hundred-sixty degree adjustment on a plurality of shafts, so that the analysis instrument can detect the electromagnetic radiation in a large range, and the environmental safety is ensured.
Drawings
The above and/or other advantages of the invention will become more apparent and more readily appreciated from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are given by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation, and in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the working flow of stepwise regression analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic molecular distribution according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of one of the equations according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of one of the equations according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of one of the equations according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of one of the equations according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of one of the equations according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of one of the equations according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a signal transmission diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a front perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a rear perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a perspective view of an adjusting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. the device comprises an installation base, 2, electromagnetic radiation analysis equipment, 3, a turnover support, 4, a guide rail, 5, a movable pin, 6, a fastening nut, 7, a connecting wire, 8, radiation signal acquisition equipment, 9, an installation support rod, 10, a disc, 11, an irradiation lamp, 12, an adjusting mechanism, 13, a display screen, 14, a turnover frame, 15, an irradiation hole, 121, a counterweight base, 122, a rotating column, 123, a rocker, 124, a first bevel gear, 125, a second bevel gear, 126 and a hand wheel.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the environmental safety analysis method based on spectral multi-component analysis of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The examples described herein are specific embodiments of the present invention, are intended to be illustrative and exemplary in nature, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. In addition to the embodiments described herein, those skilled in the art will be able to employ other technical solutions which are obvious based on the disclosure of the claims and the specification of the present application, and these technical solutions include technical solutions which make any obvious replacement or modification for the embodiments described herein.
The drawings in the present specification are schematic views to assist in explaining the concept of the present invention, and schematically show the shapes of respective portions and their mutual relationships. It is noted that the drawings are not necessarily to the same scale so as to clearly illustrate the structures of the various elements of the embodiments of the invention. Like reference numerals are used to denote like parts.
Fig. 1 to 12 show an environmental safety analysis apparatus based on spectral multicomponent analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a mounting base 1: an electromagnetic radiation analysis device 2 is fixedly installed on one side of the top of an installation base 1, an overturning bracket 3 is movably installed on one side of the installation base 1, a radiation signal acquisition device 8 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the overturning bracket 3, the output end of the radiation signal acquisition device 8 is electrically connected with a connecting wire 7, one end of the connecting wire 7 is electrically connected to the input end of the electromagnetic radiation analysis device 2, an installation support rod 9 is welded on one side of the overturning bracket 3, a radiation lamp 11 is fixedly installed on one side of the installation support rod 9, a disc 10 is fixedly installed on the surface of the installation support rod 9, irradiation holes 15 are formed in one side of the disc 10 at equal intervals, a positioning mechanism is arranged on one side of the overturning bracket 3, an adjusting mechanism 12 is arranged inside the installation base 1, and the electromagnetic radiation analysis device 2 is composed of a radiation testing unit, a signal generating unit, a radio frequency power amplifying unit and a central control unit, one end of a connecting wire 7 is electrically connected to the input end of the radio frequency power amplifying unit, the output end of the radio frequency power amplifying unit is electrically connected to the input end of the signal generating unit, the input end of the radiation testing unit is electrically connected to the output end of the central control unit, the output end of the signal generating unit is electrically connected to the input end of the central control unit, one side of the electromagnetic radiation analysis equipment 2 is fixedly provided with a display screen 13, the display screen 13 is arranged on the electromagnetic radiation analysis equipment 2 in a manner of inclining for forty degrees, the positioning mechanism comprises a movable pin 5 welded on the overturning bracket 3 and a guide rail 4 welded on the mounting base 1, one end of the movable pin 5 penetrates through the inner cavity of the guide rail 4 and extends to one side of the guide rail 4, one end of the movable pin 5 is in threaded connection with a fastening nut 6 positioned on the outer side of the guide rail 4, and the adjusting mechanism 12 comprises a rotating column 122 fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the top of the mounting base 1, one end fixed mounting who rotates post 122 has counter weight base 121, counter weight base 121 is located the outside of installation base 1, the fixed surface of rotating post 122 is connected with bevel gear 124 one, one side of installation base 1 is run through and is provided with rocker 123, the one end fixedly connected with of rocker 123 and bevel gear 125 that bevel gear 124 was meshed, the one end fixed mounting that rocker 123 is located the installation base 1 outside has hand round 126, be provided with anti-skidding line on hand round 126's the handle, the quantity of shining hole 15 is no less than five, the inboard of shining hole 15 is provided with the transparent sheet, every transparent colour is all inequality, lamp 11, the input port that is close to one of them shining hole 15 and radiation signal collection equipment 8 one side of radiation signal collection equipment 8 one side is located same axis.
The analysis method is as follows:
first, the quantitative spectroscopic analysis should be based on a relative comparison, a set of standard samples must be used as a reference, and the composition and structural state of the standard samples should be substantially identical to those of the sample to be analyzed.
Step two, firstly adopting a principal component analysis method:
when processing multiple sample data, assuming that the total is x (x1, x1, x3... xn), where each xi ( i 1,2, 3.. n is the number index to be examined, the situation often encountered in practice is that there is a correlation between the n indexes, if k mutually uncorrelated so-called composite indexes (k < n) can be constructed from the n indexes, and the several composite indexes sufficiently reflect the information of the original n indexes, these composite indexes are called as main components, and are used as the standard sample for comparison;
it should be noted that, in order to maximize the variance, the first weight vector w(1)The formula as shown in fig. 3 must therefore be satisfied, writing this in matrix form can result in the formula as shown in fig. 4, since w(1)Defined as a unit vector which also equivalently satisfies the formula shown in fig. 5, the quantity to be maximized can be considered as the rayleigh quotient, a semi-positive definite matrix such as xTThe standard result of x is that the maximum possible value of the quotient is the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix, which occurs when w is the corresponding eigenvector;
w(1)find, data vector x(i)May have a score of t in the transformed coordinates1(i)＝x(i)·w(1)Given, or as a corresponding vector in the original variables, { x(i)·w(1)}w(1)。
The k-th component can be obtained by subtracting the k-1 principal components from x as before, as shown in FIG. 6, and then finding the weight vector that extracts the largest variance from this new data matrix, as shown in FIG. 7, which gives the remaining eigenvectors of xTx, the maximum of the number in brackets is given by their corresponding feature value, so the weight vector is the feature vector T of xxIt turns out that this gives xTx, the maximum of the number in brackets is given by their corresponding eigenvalues, so the weight vector is xTx, and thus, the data vector x(i)May be given a score t in the transformed coordinatesk(i)＝x(i)·w(k)Given, or as a corresponding vector in the raw variable space, { x(i)·w(k)}w(k)Wherein w is(k)Is xTThe kth eigenvector of x, and thus the complete principal component decomposition of x, can be represented as the formula shown in FIG. 6, where W is a p by p matrix with columns of xTThe eigenvectors of x, the transpose of W, are sometimes referred to as whitening or globularization, and the columns of W multiplied by the square root of the corresponding eigenvalue, i.e., the eigenvector amplified by variance, is referred to as the load in principal component analysis or factorial analysis.
And thirdly, the obtained safety standard samples are arranged and gathered into equation data, and then the equation data are input into a main program of analysis equipment, and the equation data are used as the basis of environmental safety analysis to distinguish whether the environmental safety analysis is carried out or not.
Step four, adopting a stepwise regression analysis method:
the basic principle of the stepwise regression method is that firstly, light variables which have obvious influence on an input result are selected one by one, after each new variable is selected, the selected variables are subjected to significance test one by one, the variables which are not significant are eliminated, the selection is repeated in such a way, the test and the elimination are carried out until the collected signals cannot be eliminated and cannot be selected, and the system carries out test and elimination on the collected signals by adopting the method.
And step five, after the analysis steps from the step one to the step four, unsafe data in the spectral multi-component analysis data can be eliminated, the finally obtained data display result is compared with a set standard program, if the comparison result meets the requirement, the data is safe data, and if the comparison result is unqualified, the data is dangerous data.
The working principle is as follows: when the vertical shaft angle adjusting device is in practical use, a user shakes the hand-operated wheel 126, the hand-operated wheel 126 drives the rocker 123 to rotate, the rocker 123 drives the bevel gear II 125 to rotate, the bevel gear II 125 can drive the bevel gear I124 to rotate, the bevel gear I124 drives the rotating column 122 to rotate, and the counterweight base 121 is placed on the ground and is not fixed, so that when the rotating column 122 rotates, the mounting base 1 can rotate along with the rotation, the rocker 123 and the hand-operated wheel 126 rotate along with the rotation, the user also moves along with the rotation, the vertical shaft angle adjustment can be performed, then the user unscrews the fastening nut 6, then the user overturns the overturning bracket 3 to one side, the movable pin 5 rotates inside the guide rail 4, the fastening nut 6 is screwed and fixed after the rotation to a proper angle, and then the angle adjustment of the horizontal shaft can be performed.
The technical features disclosed above are not limited to the combinations with other features disclosed, and other combinations between the technical features can be performed by those skilled in the art according to the purpose of the invention, so as to achieve the purpose of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. An environmental safety analysis device based on spectral multicomponent analysis, characterized by comprising a mounting base (1): the electromagnetic radiation analysis device is characterized in that an electromagnetic radiation analysis device (2) is fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the mounting base (1), a turnover support (3) is movably mounted on one side of the mounting base (1), a radiation signal acquisition device (8) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the turnover support (3), an output end of the radiation signal acquisition device (8) is electrically connected with a connecting wire (7), one end of the connecting wire (7) is electrically connected to an input end of the electromagnetic radiation analysis device (2), a mounting support rod (9) is welded on one side of the turnover support (3), a radiation lamp (11) is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting support rod (9), a disc (10) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the mounting support rod (9), radiation holes (15) which are arranged at equal intervals are formed in one side of the disc (10), and a positioning mechanism is arranged on one side of the turnover support (3), the inside of installation base (1) is provided with adjustment mechanism (12), electromagnetic radiation analytical equipment (2) comprises radiation test unit, signal generation unit, radio frequency power amplification unit and central control unit, the one end electricity of connecting wire (7) is connected on the input of radio frequency power amplification unit, and the output of radio frequency power amplification unit is connected with the input electricity of signal generation unit, and the input of radiation test unit is connected with the output electricity of central control unit, and the output of signal generation unit is connected with the input electricity of central control unit.
2. An environmental safety analysis device based on spectral multi-component analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that a display screen (13) is fixedly installed on one side of the electromagnetic radiation analysis device (2), and the display screen (13) is arranged on the electromagnetic radiation analysis device (2) with a forty-degree inclination.
3. An environmental safety analysis device based on spectral multicomponent analysis according to claim 2, characterized in that the positioning mechanism comprises a movable pin (5) welded on the flip bracket (3) and a guide rail (4) welded on the mounting base (1), one end of the movable pin (5) passes through the inner cavity of the guide rail (4) and extends to one side of the guide rail (4), and one end of the movable pin (5) is in threaded connection with a fastening nut (6) located outside the guide rail (4).
4. An environmental safety analysis device based on spectral multicomponent analysis according to claim 3, characterized in that the adjusting mechanism (12) comprises a rotating column (122) fixedly mounted on the top inner wall of the mounting base (1), one end of the rotating column (122) is fixedly mounted with a counterweight base (121), and the counterweight base (121) is located outside the mounting base (1).
5. The environmental safety analysis device based on spectral multicomponent analysis according to claim 4, characterized in that a first bevel gear (124) is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating column (122), a rocker (123) is penetratingly arranged on one side of the mounting base (1), and a second bevel gear (125) meshed with the first bevel gear (124) is fixedly connected to one end of the rocker (123).
6. The environmental safety analysis equipment based on spectral multi-component analysis according to claim 5, characterized in that one end of the rocker (123) located outside the mounting base (1) is fixedly provided with a hand-operated wheel (126), and a handle of the hand-operated wheel (126) is provided with anti-skid lines.
7. An environmental safety analysis device based on spectral multicomponent analysis according to claim 6, characterized in that the number of said irradiated holes (15) is not less than five, the inside of said irradiated holes (15) is provided with transparent sheets, each transparent color is different.
8. An environmental safety analysis apparatus based on spectral multicomponent analysis according to claim 7, characterized in that the illumination lamp (11), one of the illumination holes (15) near the radiation signal collection apparatus (8) side and the input port at the radiation signal collection apparatus (8) side are located on the same axis.
9. An environmental safety analysis method based on spectral multicomponent analysis according to claims 1-8, characterized in that the analysis method is as follows:
first, the quantitative spectroscopic analysis should be based on a relative comparison, a set of standard samples must be used as a reference, and the composition and structural state of the standard samples should be substantially identical to those of the sample to be analyzed.
Step two, firstly adopting a principal component analysis method:
when processing multiple sample data, assuming that the total is x (x1, x1, x3... xn), where each xi (i 1,2, 3.. n) is the number index to be examined, the situation often encountered in practice is that there is a correlation between the n indexes, if k mutually uncorrelated so-called composite indexes (k < n) can be constructed from the n indexes, and the several composite indexes sufficiently reflect the information of the original n indexes, these composite indexes are called as main components, and are used as the standard sample for comparison;
it should be noted that, in order to maximize the variance, the first weight vector w(1)The formula as shown in fig. 3 must therefore be satisfied, writing this in matrix form can result in the formula as shown in fig. 4, since w(1)Defined as a unit vector that also equivalently satisfies the formula shown in fig. 5, the quantity to be maximized can be considered as a rayleigh quotient, a semi-positive definite matrix (e.g., x)Tx) is that the maximum possible value of the quotient is the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix, which occurs when w is the corresponding eigenvector;
w(1)find, data vector x(i)May have a score of t in the transformed coordinates1(i)＝x(i)·w(1)Given, or as a corresponding vector in the original variables, { x(i)·w(1)}w(1)。
The k-th component can be obtained by subtracting the k-1 principal components from x as before, as shown in FIG. 6, and then finding the weight vector that extracts the largest variance from this new data matrix, as shown in FIG. 7, which gives the remaining eigenvectors of xTx, the maximum of the number in brackets is given by their corresponding feature value, so the weight vector is the feature vector T of xxIt turns out that this gives xTx, the maximum of the number in brackets is given by their corresponding eigenvalues, so the weight vector is xTx, and thus, the data vector x(i)May be given a score t in the transformed coordinatesk(i)＝x(i)·w(k)Given, or as a corresponding vector in the raw variable space, { x(i)·w(k)}w(k)Wherein w is(k)Is xTThe kth eigenvector of x, and thus the complete principal component decomposition of x, can be represented as the formula shown in FIG. 6, where W is a p by p matrix with columns of xTThe eigenvectors of x, the transpose of W, are sometimes referred to as whitening or globularization, and the columns of W multiplied by the square root of the corresponding eigenvalue, i.e., the eigenvector amplified by variance, is referred to as the load in principal component analysis or factorial analysis.
And thirdly, the obtained safety standard samples are arranged and gathered into equation data, and then the equation data are input into a main program of analysis equipment, and the equation data are used as the basis of environmental safety analysis to distinguish whether the environmental safety analysis is carried out or not.
Step four, adopting a stepwise regression analysis method:
the basic principle of the stepwise regression method is that firstly, light variables which have obvious influence on an input result are selected one by one, after each new variable is selected, the selected variables are subjected to significance test one by one, the variables which are not significant are eliminated, the selection is repeated in such a way, the test and the elimination are carried out until the collected signals cannot be eliminated and cannot be selected, and the system carries out test and elimination on the collected signals by adopting the method.
And step five, after the analysis steps from the step one to the step four, unsafe data in the spectral multi-component analysis data can be eliminated, the finally obtained data display result is compared with a set standard program, if the comparison result meets the requirement, the data is safe data, and if the comparison result is unqualified, the data is dangerous data.
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| CN202111206802.4A CN113740277A (en) | 2021-10-15 | 2021-10-15 | Environment safety analysis method based on spectral multi-component analysis |
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| CN202111206802.4A CN113740277A (en) | 2021-10-15 | 2021-10-15 | Environment safety analysis method based on spectral multi-component analysis |
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