CN113739968B - Solar hot water heating test system and heating efficiency test method - Google Patents

Solar hot water heating test system and heating efficiency test method Download PDF

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CN113739968B
CN113739968B CN202110959608.7A CN202110959608A CN113739968B CN 113739968 B CN113739968 B CN 113739968B CN 202110959608 A CN202110959608 A CN 202110959608A CN 113739968 B CN113739968 B CN 113739968B
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heat
water
temperature
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solar
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CN113739968A (en
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杨倩苗
孙志中
于洪文
尹红梅
张磊
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Shandong Jianzhu University
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Shandong Jianzhu University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L3/00—Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
    • G01L3/26—Devices for measuring efficiency, i.e. the ratio of power output to power input
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/14—Solar energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a solar hot water heating test system and a heating efficiency test method. The two possibilities of testing and researching the heating system of the solar water heater collector and comparing the solar water heater collector are considered by testing the actual heat collecting efficiency, the actual heat using efficiency of the heat using end, the solar energy utilization efficiency and the solar heating effective efficiency of the heat collector in different states, and the optimal heating mode is obtained through data comparison. In the test process, the power consumption of the system circulating water pump is considered, and the power consumption is converted into primary energy for calculation; the influence of environmental factors on the test is comprehensively considered, so that the provided performance calculation formula is more accurate and accords with the actual performance.

Description

Solar hot water heating test system and heating efficiency test method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a solar water heating system and a heating efficiency testing method, and belongs to the technical field of solar building utilization.
Background
The solar water heating system is an important means for solving the problem of rural clean energy heating in winter. The efficient solar hot water heating system not only needs a high-performance solar heat collector, a heat storage water tank and a heat dissipation tail end, but also needs to comprehensively consider the coupling design among heat collection, heat storage and heat utilization of the system, so that the solar hot water heating system can operate efficiently. Most of the current solar heating system tests are under laboratory conditions, the heat collection efficiency of the heat collector is focused, and the influence of the running condition of a hot end and the power consumption of a pipeline circulating water pump on the solar energy utilization efficiency of the whole system is rarely considered. Meanwhile, the power consumption of the circulating water pump is different from the energy quality of the system for heating by solar energy, and the difference of the energy quality is rarely considered at present but is directly subtracted and counteracted. Therefore, from the practical engineering, the invention provides a test platform and a heating efficiency test method of a solar water heating system, which are used for researching the optimal operation mode of the solar water heating system by considering the influence of factors such as operation conditions, water pump power consumption, window heat acquisition, energy quality and the like on the solar energy utilization efficiency of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a solar water heating system and a heating efficiency testing method, which can quantitatively analyze the heating efficiency of the solar water heating system.
The invention aims to achieve the aim, and the aim is achieved by the following technical scheme:
the solar hot water heating system comprises a test platform and an operation control device, wherein the test platform comprises a heat collecting end, a heat using end and test equipment, the heat collecting end comprises a solar heat collector and a hot water tank, and the test equipment comprises a heat collector water outlet flow sensor, a heat collector water outlet temperature sensor, a hot water tank water outlet flow sensor, a hot water tank water outlet temperature sensor, a heat using end circulating pump ammeter, a heat using end water speed sensor, a heat using end water temperature sensor, a heat collector circulating pump ammeter, a heat collector backwater temperature sensor, a hot water tank backwater temperature sensor and a heat using end backwater temperature sensor; the inside of the hot water tank is also provided with a water quantity sensor and a hot water tank water temperature sensor;
the solar heat collector, the heat collector water outlet speed measuring sensor, the heat collector water outlet temperature sensor, the hot water tank water outlet flow sensor, the hot water tank water outlet temperature sensor, the heat end circulating pump ammeter, the heat end water supply flow sensor, the heat end water supply temperature sensor, the heat end water return temperature sensor, the hot water tank, the heat collector water return temperature sensor, the heat collector circulating pump ammeter and the solar heat collector are sequentially connected through pipelines.
Preferably, the test platform is provided with two test platforms 1 and 2 respectively, the connection pipelines between the hot water tank water outlet temperature sensors of the test platform 1 and the test platform 2 and the hot end circulating pump ammeter are connected through the communication pipeline, the valve 3 is arranged on the communication pipeline, and the valve 1 and the valve 6 are respectively arranged above the hot end circulating pump ammeter below the connection position; the test platform 1 and the test platform 2 are connected through a connecting pipeline between the hot water tank backwater temperature sensor and the hot end backwater temperature sensor, a valve 4 is arranged on the connecting pipeline, and a valve 2 and a valve 5 are respectively arranged above the hot end backwater temperature sensor below the connecting position.
A heating efficiency test method of a solar water heating system comprises the following steps:
(1) Measuring outdoor environmental test data: outdoor temperature T e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Solar irradiation intensity G of surface of heat collector 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Solar irradiation intensity G of southward wall surface where outer window is positioned 2 ；
(2) Measuring indoor environment test data: testing the temperature of four test points in the room to obtain the most indoor average temperature of the arithmetic average value
(3) Collecting heat collecting end test data: water outlet temperature T of heat collector cout 、T cout Backwater temperature T of heat collector ci 、T cin The temperature T of the water in the hot water tank, the water quantity L of the hot water tank and the flow velocity V in the heat collecting end pipeline c Power consumption E of heat collecting end circulating pump cp ；
(4) Collecting hot end test data: water outlet temperature T of hot water tank tout ，T tout The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Water tank backwater temperature T tin Flow velocity V in hot end pipeline for test room and floor heating water supply temperature T of test room in Test room floor heating backwater temperature T out The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Electric energy consumption E of hot-end circulating pump for test room p ；
(5) The water quantity L of the heat collector in the heat collecting water tank and the set temperature T of the water outlet of the heat collector are tested by using a test platform a Flow velocity V in heat collecting end pipeline c Under the condition of variable parameters, the actual heat collection efficiency eta of the tested heat collector c ；
(6) Testing the flow velocity V of the heat collector in the hot end pipeline by using a testing platform h Indoor minimum set temperature T b Indoor highest set temperature T d Floor heating water supply set temperature T c Under the condition of variable parameters, the actual heat efficiency eta of the hot end for the system h ；
(7) The test system sets the temperature T at the water quantity L of the heat collecting water tank and the water outlet of the heat collector by using a test platform a Flow velocity V in heat collecting end pipeline c Flow velocity V in hot end pipeline h Indoor minimum set temperature T b Indoor highest set temperature T d Floor heating water supply set temperature T c Under the condition of variable parameters, the solar energy utilization efficiency eta of the system s And the solar heating effective rate f,
(8) The test system sets the temperature T at the water quantity L of the heat collecting water tank and the water outlet of the heat collector by using the test platform 1 and the test platform 2 a Flow velocity V in heat collecting end pipeline c Flow velocity V in hot end pipeline h Indoor minimum set temperature T b Indoor highest set temperature T d Floor heating water supply set temperature T c Under the condition of variable parameters, the solar heat collector 1 and the solar heat collector 2 supply heat to the test room 1 or the test room 2 at the same time, and the solar energy utilization efficiency eta of the test system is improved s And solar heating efficiency f.
Preferably, the actual heat collecting efficiency testing mode of the heat collector is as follows: setting the temperature T of the water outlet of the heat collector a When the temperature of the water outlet of the heat collector is more than or equal to T a When the circulating pump is started to heat the water in the water tank, the circulating pump operates for 1min; the control system monitors the temperature difference T of the water outlet and the water return port of the heat collector tout -T tin The temperature is not less than 8 ℃, and the operation is continued for 10min; up to T tout -T tin Closing the circulating pump when the temperature is less than 8 ℃; after 10min the system repeats the above operation.
Preferably, the actual thermal efficiency test mode of the hot end is as follows: setting the minimum and maximum temperature T in the room b 、T d Ground heating water supply temperature T c When the indoor temperature isGround heating water supply temperature T in ＞T c When the hot end circulating pump is started and operates for 10 minutes; monitoring the water supply temperature of the floor heating like T hin ≤T c Closing the hot end circulating pump, otherwise, continuing to operate; up to room temperature->Closing the circulating pump; after 10 minutes, the system repeats the above operation.
Preferably, the actual heat collection efficiency η of the heat collector c The calculation method is as follows: the power consumption of the heat collecting end water pump is counted and converted into primary energy;
wherein eta c The actual heat collecting efficiency of the tested heat collector; v (V) c Is the gradual diversity hot side pipeline flow rate during operation; c (C) w Is the constant pressure specific heat capacity of water; ρ w Is the density of water; t (T) cout The temperature of the water outlet of the heat collector is gradually divided during operation; t (T) cin The temperature of the water return port of the heat collector is gradually divided during operation; e (E) cp The power consumption of the heat collecting end water pump during operation is as follows; g 1 The total solar radiation quantity of the surface of the heat collector is divided into parts during the operation of the system; s is S 1 Is the lighting area of the heat collector; 2.6 is the primary energy conversion coefficient of the electric energy;
heat efficiency eta of practical use of heat end h The calculation method is as follows: the power consumption of the hot-end water pump is counted and converted into primary energy; under the condition of heat preservation in the enclosure structure, the room is approximately considered to obtain solar heat which is completely used for heating indoor air temperature; the temperature rising effect of the south window on the indoor air temperature is considered, and the solar heat entering the south outer window is reduced.
Wherein eta h The actual heat efficiency of the hot end is used; v (V) h The flow rate of the hot end pipeline is used in a dividing way during the operation; t (T) hin The temperature of the floor heating water supply port is gradually divided during the operation period; t (T) hout The temperature of the ground heating backwater port is gradually divided during operation; t (T) tout The temperature of the water outlet of the water tank is gradually divided during operation; t (T) tin The temperature of the water return port of the water tank is divided into parts during operation; e (E) hp The power consumption is operated by a hot end water pump during the operation period; v is the room air volume being tested; c (C) a Is the constant pressure specific heat capacity of air; ρ a Is the air water density; c (C) a Is the constant pressure specific heat capacity of water;is the indoor average air temperature gradual change value; g 2 The total solar radiation quantity of the south wall surface where the outer window is positioned in the running period of the system is divided into parts; g 2 Is the area of the window facing south outwards; SHGC is the solar heat gain coefficient of the south-to-outside window, dimensionless;
solar energy utilization efficiency eta s The calculation method is as follows:
wherein eta s The solar energy utilization efficiency of the solar water heating system is improved;
solar heating effective rate f
f is the solar heating effective rate of the system, and the indoor temperature can be more than or equal to 18 ℃ in the test period; Σt 18 Refers to the indoor temperature during the testIs a cumulative time of (1); Σt refers to the cumulative time during the test.
The invention has the advantages that: the test platform and the test method for the solar water heater collector heating system operation mode research consider two possibilities of carrying out the solar water heater collector heating system test research and the comparison research. In the test process, the power consumption of the system circulating water pump is considered, and the power consumption is converted into primary energy for calculation; the influence of environmental factors on the test is comprehensively considered, so that the provided performance calculation formula is more accurate and practical.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system connection structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the heat collecting end control mode of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the hot side control mode according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a simple connection structure of the test platform of the present invention.
In the figure: the solar heat collector comprises a solar heat collector 1, a heat collector 2 water outlet flow sensor, a heat collector 3 water outlet temperature sensor, a water quantity sensor 4, a hot water tank 5 water outlet temperature sensor, a hot end circulating pump ammeter 6, a hot end water speed sensor 7, a hot end water temperature sensor 8, a hot end backwater temperature sensor 9, a hot water tank 10 backwater temperature sensor, a hot water tank 11 water temperature sensor, a heat collector 12 backwater temperature sensor and a heat collector 13 circulating pump ammeter;
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The solar hot water heating system comprises a test platform and an operation control device, wherein the test platform comprises a heat collecting end, a heat using end and test equipment, the heat collecting end comprises a solar heat collector 1 and a hot water tank, the test equipment comprises a heat collector water outlet flow sensor 2, a heat collector water outlet temperature sensor 3, a hot water tank water outlet flow sensor, a hot water tank water outlet temperature sensor 5, a heat using end circulating pump ammeter, a heat using end water speed sensor 7, a heat using end water temperature sensor 8, a heat collector circulating pump ammeter, a heat collector backwater temperature sensor 12, a hot water tank water temperature sensor 10 and a heat using end backwater temperature sensor 9; the inside of the hot water tank is also provided with a water quantity sensor 4 and a hot water tank water temperature sensor 11;
the solar heat collector 1, the heat collector water outlet flow sensor 2, the heat collector water outlet temperature sensor 3, the hot water tank water outlet flow sensor, the hot water tank water outlet temperature sensor 5, the heat end circulating pump ammeter, the heat end water supply flow sensor, the heat end water supply temperature sensor, the heat end backwater temperature sensor 9, the hot water tank water temperature sensor 10, the hot water tank, the heat collector backwater temperature sensor 12, the heat collector circulating pump ammeter and the solar heat collector 1 are sequentially connected through pipelines. The test platform is provided with two test platforms 1 and 2 respectively, the hot water tank outlet water temperature sensor 5 of the test platform 1 and the hot end circulating pump ammeter is connected with the connecting pipeline between the hot end circulating pump ammeter and the hot end circulating pump ammeter through a communication pipeline, a valve 3 is arranged on the communication pipeline, and a valve 1 and a valve 6 are respectively arranged above the hot end circulating pump ammeter below the connecting position; the connecting pipelines between the hot water tank water temperature sensor 10 and the hot water end backwater temperature sensor 9 of the test platform 1 and the test platform 2 are connected through a communication pipeline, a valve 4 is arranged on the communication pipeline, and a valve 2 and a valve 5 are respectively arranged above the hot water end backwater temperature sensor 9 below the connecting position. The test room adopts the heat preservation in the ground, the wall body and the roof homopolymerization board, does not consider the heat accumulation of the heavy enclosure structure, and is convenient for intuitively reflecting the indoor obtained heat through the room temperature.
A heating efficiency test method of a solar water heating system comprises the following steps:
(1) Measuring outdoor environmental test data: outdoor temperature T e The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Solar energy radiation on surface of heat collectorIntensity of illumination G 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Solar irradiation intensity G of southward wall surface where outer window is positioned 2 ；
(2) Measuring indoor environment test data: testing the temperature of four test points in the room to obtain the most indoor average temperature of the arithmetic average value
(3) Collecting heat collecting end test data: water outlet temperature T of heat collector cout 、T cout Backwater temperature T of heat collector cin 、T cin The temperature T of the water in the hot water tank, the water quantity L of the hot water tank and the flow velocity V in the heat collecting end pipeline c Power consumption E of heat collecting end circulating pump cp ；
(4) Collecting hot end test data: water outlet temperature T of hot water tank tout ，T tou The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Water tank backwater temperature T tin Flow velocity V in hot end pipeline for test room and floor heating water supply temperature T of test room in Test room floor heating backwater temperature T out The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Electric energy consumption E of hot-end circulating pump for test room p ；
(5) The water quantity L of the heat collector in the heat collecting water tank and the set temperature T of the water outlet of the heat collector are tested by using a test platform a Flow velocity V in heat collecting end pipeline c Under the condition of variable parameters, the actual heat collection efficiency eta of the tested heat collector c ；
(6) Testing the flow velocity V of the heat collector in the hot end pipeline by using a testing platform h Indoor minimum set temperature T b Indoor highest set temperature T d Floor heating water supply set temperature T c Under the condition of variable parameters, the actual heat efficiency eta of the hot end for the system h ；
(7) The test system sets the temperature T at the water quantity L of the heat collecting water tank and the water outlet of the heat collector by using a test platform a Flow velocity V in heat collecting end pipeline c Flow velocity V in hot end pipeline h Indoor minimum set temperature T b Indoor highest set temperature T d Floor heating water supply set temperature T c Under the condition of variable parameters, the solar energy utilization efficiency eta of the system s And the solar heating effective rate f,
(8) The test system sets the temperature T at the water quantity L of the heat collecting water tank and the water outlet of the heat collector by using the test platform 1 and the test platform 2 a Flow velocity V in heat collecting end pipeline c Flow velocity V in hot end pipeline h Indoor minimum set temperature T b Indoor highest set temperature T d Floor heating water supply set temperature T c Under the condition of variable parameters, the solar heat collector 11 and the solar heat collector 12 supply heat to the test room 1 or the test room 2 at the same time, and the solar energy utilization efficiency eta of the test system is improved s And solar heating efficiency f.
Variable control parameters
In order to improve universality of the test system, the water quantity of the water tank at the heat collecting end of the system, the flow rate in the pipeline and the starting control temperature of the water pump are all variables, and can meet test requirements of different operation conditions.
(1) The water quantity L of the heat collecting water tank and the maximum capacity of the water tank are 300L, the test requirement of a solar heating system with the water quantity less than or equal to 300L of the heat collecting water tank can be met, and the floating ball liquid level meter is used for measuring the water quantity in the water tank.
(2) Flow velocity V in pipeline c 、V h The system uses the variable-power three-gear peristaltic water pump, rated flow is 13L/min, and power is 93/67/46W, so that the test requirement of the variable-flow solar heating system can be met.
(3) Set temperature T of water outlet of heat collector a ，T a The test requirements of different operation conditions of different heat collecting ends can be met by taking values at the temperature of 60 ℃.
(4) Indoor minimum set temperature T b Indoor highest set temperature T d Floor heating water supply set temperature T c ，T b Take the value of T at 18 DEG C c Take the value of T at 50 DEG C d The test requirements of different operation conditions of different hot ends can be met by taking values at the temperature of 24 ℃.
The actual heat collection efficiency test mode of the heat collector is as follows: setting the temperature T of the water outlet of the heat collector a When the temperature of the water outlet of the heat collector is more than or equal to T a When the circulating pump is started to heat the water in the water tank, the circulating pump operates for 1min; control system monitoring heat collectorTemperature difference T of water outlet and water return port tout -T tin The temperature is not less than 8 ℃, and the operation is continued for 10min; up to T tout -T tin Closing the circulating pump when the temperature is less than 8 ℃; after 10min the system repeats the above operation.
The actual heat efficiency test mode of the hot end is as follows: setting the minimum and maximum temperature T in the room b 、T d Ground heating water supply temperature T c When the indoor temperature isGround heating water supply temperature T in ＞T c When the hot end circulating pump is started and operates for 10 minutes; monitoring the water supply temperature of the floor heating like T hin ≤T c Closing the hot end circulating pump, otherwise, continuing to operate; up to room temperature->Closing the circulating pump; after 10 minutes, the system repeats the above operation.
Actual heat collection efficiency eta of the heat collector c The calculation method is as follows: the power consumption of the heat collecting end water pump is counted and converted into primary energy;
wherein eta c The actual heat collecting efficiency of the tested heat collector; v (V) c Is the gradual diversity hot side pipeline flow rate during operation; c (C) w Is the constant pressure specific heat capacity of water; ρ w Is the density of water; t (T) cout The temperature of the water outlet of the heat collector is gradually divided during operation; t (T) cin The temperature of the water return port of the heat collector is gradually divided during operation; e (E) cp The power consumption of the heat collecting end water pump during operation is as follows; g 1 The total solar radiation quantity of the surface of the heat collector is divided into parts during the operation of the system; s is S 1 Is the lighting area of the heat collector; 2.6 is the primary energy conversion coefficient of the electric energy;
heat efficiency eta of practical use of heat end h The calculation method is as follows: the power consumption of the hot-end water pump is counted and converted into primary energy；
Wherein eta h The actual heat efficiency of the hot end is used; v (V) h The flow rate of the hot end pipeline is used in a dividing way during the operation; t (T) hin The temperature of the floor heating water supply port is gradually divided during the operation period; t (T) hout The temperature of the ground heating backwater port is gradually divided during operation; t (T) tout The temperature of the water outlet of the water tank is gradually divided during operation; t (T) tin The temperature of the water return port of the water tank is divided into parts during operation; e (E) hp The power consumption is operated by a hot end water pump during the operation period; v is the room air volume being tested; c (C) a Is the constant pressure specific heat capacity of air; ρ a Is the air water density; c (C) a Is the constant pressure specific heat capacity of water;is the indoor average air temperature gradual change value; g 2 The total solar radiation quantity of the south wall surface where the outer window is positioned in the running period of the system is divided into parts; g 2 Is the area of the window facing south outwards; SHGC is the solar heat gain coefficient of the south-to-outside window, dimensionless;
solar energy utilization efficiency eta s The calculation method is as follows:
wherein eta s The solar energy utilization efficiency of the solar water heating system is improved;
solar heating effective rate f
f is the solar heating effective rate of the system, and the indoor temperature can be more than or equal to 18 ℃ in the test period; Σt 18 Refers to the indoor temperature during the testIs a cumulative time of (1); Σt refers to the cumulative time during the test.
Valve control logic:
the system controls the independent or joint working states of the No. 1 test platform and the No. 2 test platform through manual valves. Six manual control valves V1-V6 are arranged in the system. Through the valve control shown in table 1, the solar heat collectors 11 and 2 can respectively supply heat to the test rooms 1 and 2, six running states of heating the test rooms 1 and 2 can be realized, the corresponding efficiency is calculated by controlling the valve to open and close to collect multiple groups of data, and the optimal heating scheme is obtained by comparing the heat efficiency.
Table 1 optional heating test room valve control table

Claims (5)

1. The heating efficiency test method of the solar water heating system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Measuring outdoor environmental test data: outdoor temperatureThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Solar irradiation intensity of surface of heat collector>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Solar irradiation intensity of southward wall surface where outer window is positioned>；
(2) Measuring indoor environment test data: testing the temperature of four test points in the room to obtain the most indoor average temperature of the arithmetic average value；
(3) Collecting heat collecting end test data: water outlet temperature of heat collectorReturn water temperature of heat collector>The water temperature T in the hot water tank, the water quantity L in the hot water tank and the flow rate in the heat collecting end pipeline are +.>The power consumption of the heat collecting end circulating pump is->；
(4) Collecting hot end test data: water outlet temperature of hot water tankThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Water tank backwater temperature->Flow velocity V in hot end pipeline for test room and water supply temperature of floor heating of test room>Test house floor heating backwater temperature>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Electric energy consumption of hot-end circulating pump for test room>；
(5) Test platform is used for testing water quantity of heat collector in heat collection water tankSetting the water outlet of the heat collector to a set temperatureDegree->Flow rate in heat collecting end pipeline>Under the condition of variable parameters, the actual heat collecting efficiency of the tested heat collector is +.>；
(6) Testing the flow velocity of the heat collector in the hot end pipeline by using a testing platformIndoor minimum set temperature->Indoor maximum set temperature->Floor heating water supply set temperature +.>Under the condition of variable parameters, the actual thermal efficiency of the hot end for the system is +.>；
(7) The test system uses the test platform to test the water quantity of the heat collection water tankSetting temperature of water outlet of heat collector>Flow rate in heat collecting end pipeline>Flow rate in hot-end pipeline>Indoor minimum set temperature->Indoor maximum set temperature->Floor heating water supply set temperature +.>In the case of variable parameters, the solar energy utilization efficiency of the system +.>And solar heating efficiency->，
(8) The test system uses the test platform 1 and the test platform 2 to measure the water quantity in the heat collection water tankSet temperature of water outlet of heat collectorFlow rate in heat collecting end pipeline>Flow rate in hot-end pipeline>Indoor minimum set temperature->Indoor highest set temperatureFloor heating water supply set temperature +.>Under the condition of variable parameters, the solar heat collector 1 and the solar heat collector 2 supply heat to the test room 1 or the test room 2 at the same time, and the solar energy utilization efficiency of the test system is +.>And solar heating efficiency->,
Actual heat collecting efficiency of heat collectorThe calculation method is as follows: the power consumption of the heat collecting end water pump is counted and converted into primary energy;
wherein the method comprises the steps ofThe actual heat collecting efficiency of the tested heat collector; />Is the gradual diversity hot side pipeline flow rate during operation; />Is the constant pressure specific heat capacity of water; />Is the density of water; />The temperature of the water outlet of the heat collector is gradually divided during operation; />Is a run-time setThe temperature of the return water port of the heater is gradually divided; />The power consumption of the heat collecting end water pump during operation is as follows; />The total solar radiation quantity of the surface of the heat collector is divided into parts during the operation of the system; />Is the lighting area of the heat collector; 2.6 is the primary energy conversion coefficient of the electric energy;
practical heat efficiency of heat utilization endThe calculation method is as follows: the power consumption of the hot-end water pump is counted and converted into primary energy;
wherein the method comprises the steps ofThe actual heat efficiency of the hot end is used; />The flow rate of the hot end pipeline is used in a dividing way during the operation; />The temperature of the floor heating water supply port is gradually divided during the operation period; />The temperature of the ground heating backwater port is gradually divided during operation; />The temperature of the water outlet of the water tank is gradually divided during operation; />The temperature of the water return port of the water tank is divided into parts during operation; />The power consumption is operated by a hot end water pump during the operation period; />Is the volume of air in the room under test; />Is the constant pressure specific heat capacity of air; />Is the air water density; />Is the constant pressure specific heat capacity of water; />Is the indoor average air temperature gradual change value; />The total solar radiation quantity of the south wall surface where the outer window is positioned in the running period of the system is divided into parts; />Is the area of the window facing south outwards; SHGC is the solar heat gain coefficient of the south-to-outside window, dimensionless;
efficiency of solar energy utilizationThe calculation method is as follows:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofThe solar energy utilization efficiency of the solar water heating system is improved;
solar heating efficiency
The solar heating efficiency of the system is high, and the indoor temperature can be more than or equal to 18 ℃ in the test period; />Refers to the room temperature during the test>Cumulative time at DEG C; />Refers to the cumulative time during the test.
2. The method for testing the heating efficiency of the solar water heating system according to claim 1, wherein the actual heat collecting efficiency testing mode of the heat collector is as follows: setting the temperature of the water outlet of the heat collectorWhen the temperature of the water outlet of the heat collector is not less than the temperatureWhen the circulating pump is started to heat the water in the water tank, the circulating pump operates for 1min; the control system monitors the temperature difference of the water outlet and the water return port of the heat collector>The temperature is not less than 8 ℃, and the operation is continued for 10min; up to->Closing the circulating pump when the temperature is less than 8 ℃; after 10min the system repeats the above operation.
3. The method for testing the heating efficiency of the solar water heating system according to claim 1, wherein the actual heat utilization efficiency testing mode of the hot end is as follows: setting the minimum and maximum indoor temperatureGround heating water supply temperature +.>When the indoor temperature->＜/>And the water supply temperature of the floor heating is +.>When the hot end circulating pump is started and operates for 10 minutes; monitoring the water supply temperature of the floor heating>Closing the hot end circulating pump, otherwise, continuing to operate; up to room temperature->＞/>Closing the circulating pump; after 10 minutes, the system repeats the above operation.
4. The solar hot water heating test system for realizing the method of any one of claims 1-3 is characterized by comprising a test platform and an operation control device, wherein the test platform comprises a heat collecting end, a heat utilization end and test equipment, the heat collecting end comprises a solar heat collector and a hot water tank, the heat utilization end comprises a test room, a floor radiation coil, a pipeline and a circulating water pump, the heat preservation is carried out in the ground, a wall body and a roof homopolymerization board of the test room, and the test equipment comprises a heat collector water outlet flow sensor, a heat collector water outlet temperature sensor, a hot water tank water outlet flow sensor, a hot water tank water outlet temperature sensor, a heat utilization end circulating pump ammeter, a heat utilization end water speed sensor, a heat utilization end water temperature sensor, a heat collector circulating pump ammeter, a heat collector backwater temperature sensor, a heat utilization end backwater temperature sensor and a heat utilization end backwater temperature sensor; the inside of the hot water tank is also provided with a water quantity sensor and a hot water tank water temperature sensor;
the solar heat collector, the heat collector water outlet flow sensor, the heat collector water outlet temperature sensor, the hot water tank water outlet flow sensor, the hot water tank water outlet temperature sensor, the heat end circulating pump ammeter, the heat end water supply flow sensor, the heat end water supply temperature sensor, the heat end water return temperature sensor, the hot water tank, the heat collector water return temperature sensor, the heat collector circulating pump ammeter and the solar heat collector are sequentially connected through pipelines.
5. The solar hot water heating test system according to claim 4, wherein the test platform is provided with two test platforms 1 and 2 respectively, the connection pipelines between the hot water tank outlet water temperature sensors of the test platform 1 and the test platform 2 and the hot end circulating pump ammeter are connected through the communication pipeline, the valve 3 is arranged on the communication pipeline, and the valve 1 and the valve 6 are respectively arranged above the hot end circulating pump ammeter below the connection position; the test platform 1 and the test platform 2 are connected through a connecting pipeline between the hot water tank backwater temperature sensor and the hot end backwater temperature sensor, a valve 4 is arranged on the connecting pipeline, and a valve 2 and a valve 5 are respectively arranged above the hot end backwater temperature sensor below the connecting position.
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