CN113736695B - 用于改善肠屏障功能的益生菌菌株及其应用 - Google Patents
用于改善肠屏障功能的益生菌菌株及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了用于改善肠屏障功能的益生菌菌株及其应用,涉及益生菌领域。本发明提供的益生菌菌株为植物乳杆菌、乳酸片球菌、屎肠球菌和大肠杆菌;其中,所述植物乳杆菌的微生物保藏编号为CGMCC No.17941;所述乳酸片球菌的微生物保藏编号为CGMCC No.17943;所述屎肠球菌的微生物保藏编号为CGMCC No.17944;所述大肠杆菌的微生物保藏编号为CGMCC No.17945。本发明提供的益生菌菌株能显著抑制肠屏障功能损伤引起的肠道通透性的升高,并恢复至健康水平;能有效缓解肠屏障功能损伤引起的结肠炎和全身炎症症状;此外,本发明益生菌菌株还具有延缓衰老、延长寿命的作用。可广泛应用于改善肠屏障功能损伤及相关发展疾病、以及延缓衰老的药物等产品中,市场应用价值高。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于益生菌领域,涉及用于改善肠屏障功能的益生菌菌株及其应用。
背景技术
肠屏障是宿主防御的第一道防线,包括物理屏障(杯状细胞分泌的黏蛋白;上皮层紧密连接、粘连连接等)和免疫屏障(免疫细胞和上皮细胞分泌的细胞因子、趋化因子等)。健康完整的肠屏障能够阻止微生物及内毒素(LPS)进入机体循环,维持肠道正常功能,保证机体健康。肠屏障功能一旦受损,肠道通透性升高,肠腔内内毒素突破肠屏障进入机体循环,促使大量炎性因子释放,引起机体炎症,进而诱发异常的黏膜免疫反应。近年来,大量研究发现,肠屏障受损是很多肠道及肠外疾病或病理状态,包括结肠炎、全身炎症反应、衰老等的共同初始病因,其中,肠屏障受损相关的全身炎症反应是由于肠道菌群产生的内毒素(LPS)通过受损的肠屏障,进入循环系统,继而触发全身性的非特异性炎症反应,其不仅体现在局部组织器官急性发炎引起的后续的系统性炎症反应,还体现在很多慢性代谢性疾病,如肥胖、糖尿病、心血管疾病等发病前期的系统性炎症反应。
保护肠屏障功能将在源头上预防许多疾病的发生与发展,为临床疾病干预提供新思路。虽然目前临床上并没有十分明确的标准去定义肠屏障功能受损,但是和健康对照组相比,疾病组的肠道通透性显著提高,预示着肠屏障功能受损。
肠屏障功能与肠道菌群的组成和代谢密切相关,因此,以肠道菌群为靶点调节肠屏障功能可行。益生菌干预是一种调节肠道菌群的有效方式。目前已有研究表明,干酪乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、嗜粘液阿克曼氏菌的菌株本身或者膜蛋白可以部分地改善肠屏障功能受损。但是,也有研究显示,有些益生菌菌株并不能改善肠屏障功能。这些工作共同说明,益生菌对肠屏障功能的作用具有菌株特异性。
综上所述,筛选出一系列其它的具有维持肠屏障功能,尤其是能完全将肠屏障功能恢复到健康水平的细菌菌株至关重要。
发明内容
本发明针对现有改善肠屏障功能的细菌菌株不多的问题,提供一组用于改善肠屏障功能的益生菌菌株,并公开该组益生菌菌株在制备改善肠屏障功能受损及相关发展疾病症状、延缓衰老的产品中的应用。
本发明第一个目的是提供用于改善肠屏障功能的益生菌菌株,所述益生菌菌株为植物乳杆菌、乳酸片球菌、屎肠球菌和大肠杆菌中的一种或多种组合。所述菌株均由本课题组提取分离自人肠道。
本发明中所述4种益生菌菌株均于2019年6月17日保藏于北京市朝阳区的中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心(简称CGMCC),其中,所述植物乳杆菌Lactobacillus plantarum的微生物保藏号为CGMCC No.17941;所述乳酸片球菌Pediococcus acidilactici的微生物保藏编号为CGMCC No.17943;所述屎肠球菌Enterococcus faecium的微生物保藏编号为CGMCC No.17944;所述大肠杆菌(又叫大肠埃希氏菌)Escherichia coli的微生物保藏编号为CGMCC No.17945。
本发明另一个目的是提供所述益生菌菌株在制备改善肠屏障功能受损及相关发展疾病症状的产品中的应用。
优选地,所述相关发展疾病包括结肠炎和/或全身炎症。
优选地,所述改善结肠炎症状包括但不限于如下方面:缓解结肠缩短程度;改善结肠粘膜损伤;降低结肠淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞浸润程度;抑制促炎因子IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α转录或表达水平。
优选地,所述改善全身炎症包括但不限于如下方面:缓解体重减轻程度;降低内毒素LPS受体TLR4的表达水平。
本发明另一个目的是提供所述益生菌菌株在制备延缓衰老的产品中的应用。
优选地,所述产品包括药物、保健食品或功能性食品。
优选地,所述药物还包括药用载体和/或药用辅料。
优选地,所述药物的剂型包括颗粒剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂或口服液。
相对于现有技术,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明提供的植物乳杆菌CGMCC No.17941、乳酸片球菌CGMCC No.17943、屎肠球菌CGMCC No.17944、大肠杆菌CGMCC No.17945能显著抑制肠屏障功能损伤引起的肠道通透性的升高,并恢复至健康水平;能有效缓解肠屏障功能损伤引起的结肠炎和全身炎症症状;此外,本发明提供的益生菌菌株还具有延缓衰老、延长寿命的作用。可用于制备改善肠屏障功能损伤及相关发展疾病、以及延缓衰老的药物等产品,具有广泛的应用前景。
附图说明
图1表示本发明菌株对肠屏障功能损伤的改善作用;其中:
A为各组小鼠血清中FITC-Dextran水平的对比图;
B为各组小鼠结肠紧密连接蛋白JAM-A的免疫荧光分析图;
C为各组小鼠结肠紧密连接蛋白基因F11r和Tjp1的mRNA表达水平对比图。
图2表示本发明菌株对结肠炎症状的缓解作用;其中:
A为本发明菌株对HT-29细胞炎症因子分泌的影响;
B为各组小鼠疾病活动指数DAI值的对比;
C为各组小鼠结肠长度的对比;
D-E为各组小鼠结肠HE染色分析及评分;
F为各组小鼠结肠淋巴细胞浸润的分子标志物CD45的免疫组化图;
G为各组小鼠结肠巨噬细胞浸润标志物F4/80的免疫组化图;
H为各组小鼠结肠炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的mRNA表达水平对比图。
图3表示本发明菌株对全身炎症的缓解作用;其中:
A为各组小鼠结肠中LPS受体基因Tlr4的mRNA表达水平对比图;
B为各组小鼠实验第6天的体重变化对比;
C为各组小鼠血清C反应蛋白含量的对比。
图4表示本发明菌株具有延缓衰老的作用,其中:
A为各组线虫的生存曲线图;
B为各组线虫的平均寿命对比。
其中,数据展示为平均值±标准误差。&P<0.1,*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001表示采用ANOVA检验方法。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步的说明。
本发明公开了用于改善肠屏障功能的益生菌菌株,所述益生菌菌株为植物乳杆菌、乳酸片球菌、屎肠球菌和大肠杆菌中的一种或多种组合;其中,植物乳杆菌的微生物保藏编号为CGMCC No.17941;乳酸片球菌的微生物保藏编号为CGMCC No.17943;屎肠球菌的微生物保藏编号为CGMCC No.17944;大肠杆菌的微生物保藏编号为CGMCC No.17945。
同时公开了本发明益生菌菌株在制备改善肠屏障功能受损及相关发展疾病症状的产品中的应用,所述相关发展疾病包括结肠炎和/或全身炎症,需要说明的是,结肠炎会引起全身炎症,肠道炎症是局部炎症,全身炎症是系统炎症。
一些实施例中,所述改善结肠炎症状包括但不限于如下方面:缓解结肠缩短程度;改善结肠粘膜损伤;降低结肠淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞浸润程度;抑制促炎因子IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α转录或表达水平。
一些实施例中,所述改善全身炎症包括但不限于如下方面:缓解体重减轻程度;降低内毒素LPS受体TLR4的表达水平。
本发明还公开了所述益生菌菌株在制备延缓衰老的产品中的应用。
前面所述任一项应用中,所述产品包括药物、保健食品或功能性食品。
一些实施例中,所述药物还包括药用载体和/或药用辅料。所述药物载体包含微囊、微球、纳米粒、脂质体;所述药用辅料包含溶剂、抛射剂、增溶剂、助溶剂、乳化剂、着色剂、黏合剂、崩解剂、填充剂、润滑剂、润湿剂、渗透压调节剂、稳定剂、助流剂、矫味剂、防腐剂、助悬剂、包衣材料、芳香剂、抗黏合剂、整合剂、渗透促进剂、pH值调节剂、缓冲剂、增塑剂、表面活性剂、发泡剂、消泡剂、增稠剂、包合剂、保湿剂、吸收剂、稀释剂、絮凝剂与反絮凝剂、助滤剂、赋形剂、附加剂、释放阻滞剂中的一种或几种。
所述药物的剂型包括颗粒剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂或口服液。
一些实施例中,所述保健食品还包括食品添加剂,所述食品添加剂选自:酸度调节剂、抗结剂、消泡剂、抗氧化剂、漂白剂、膨松剂、着色剂、护色剂、酶制剂、增味剂、营养强化剂、防腐剂、甜味剂、增稠剂、香料。
本发明通过一系列动物模型与结肠炎细胞模型实验验证了本发明菌株在改善肠屏障功能损伤及相关发展疾病中的作用,同时通过秀丽隐杆线虫模型实验,验证了本发明菌株具有延缓衰老的作用。下面将结合附图和具体实验过程详细讲述。
实施例1本发明菌株对肠屏障功能的保护作用
1.实验方法
肠屏障损伤小鼠模型的建立及给药处理:6到8周龄的C57BL/6小鼠,适应1周后,随机分为6组(每组5-7只小鼠),分别为正常对照组(PBS组)、模型对照组(PBS+DSS组)和4个菌株干预组(DSS+LP组、DSS+PA组、DSS+EF组、DSS+EC组),PBS组给予饮用纯净水,并每天灌胃200μl的PBS;另外5组,给予饮用含有4%的DSS水5-6天,其中PBS+DSS组在饮用DSS水的同时,每天灌胃200μl的PBS;另外4组在饮用DSS水的同时,每天分别灌胃200μl含有109个植物乳杆菌LP、乳酸片球菌PA、屎肠球菌EF或者大肠杆菌EC的菌悬液。
实验结束时,小鼠过夜禁食,经口灌胃给与250mg/kg的异硫氰酸荧光素标记的葡聚糖(FITC-Dextran);4小时后,处死小鼠,并对小鼠进行以下操作与检测:
(1)采集血液,制备血清。通过荧光微孔板阅读器测定血清葡聚糖的含量以检测各组小鼠肠道的通透性。其中,激发波长选择485nm,测量波长选择519nm。
(2)采集结肠组织,制备组织切片,并进行DAPI免疫荧光染色分析紧密连接蛋白JAM-A的蛋白表达水平。
(3)通过试剂盒提取小鼠结肠总RNA,通过实时定量PCR法检测紧密连接黏附分子A(JAM-A)和胞质紧密粘连蛋白1(ZO-1)的mRNA表达水平。
2.实验结果
结果如图1所示,与正常对照组相比,模型对照组小鼠的血清中异硫氰酸荧光标记的葡聚糖(FITC-Dextran)的含量明显升高,但分别灌胃本发明4个菌株后,均能显著降低血清中异硫氰酸荧光标记的葡聚糖(FITC-Dextran)的含量,且降至正常对照组水平(图1中的A);此外,本发明4个菌株还能显著提高肠屏障损伤小鼠结肠中紧密连接蛋白JAM-A和ZO-1的mRNA表达水平以及JAM-A的蛋白表达水平(图1中的B、C)。
以上结果表明,本发明公开的4个菌株能够提高肠屏障功能受损的肠道中相关紧密连接蛋白的表达水平,能显著降低抑制肠屏障功能受损的肠道通透性的升高,对肠屏障功能起到完全的保护作用。
实施例2本发明菌株对结肠炎症的减轻作用
1.实验方法
(1)体外实验
HT-29结肠细胞模型的建立及处理:向贴壁的HT-29细胞中加入终浓度为10ng/μl的肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和107个单个本发明菌株,同时建立不加任何菌株的对照组(Control组),共培养4小时。
培养结束后,收集细胞上清液,加入蛋白酶抑制剂,采用ELISA检测结肠炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6的浓度。
(2)体内实验
DSS结肠炎小鼠模型的建立和处理:6到8周龄的C57BL/6小鼠,适应1周后,随机分为6组(每组5-7只小鼠),分别为正常对照组(PBS组)、模型对照组(PBS+DSS组)和4个菌株干预组(DSS+LP组、DSS+PA组、DSS+EF组、DSS+EC组),PBS组给予饮用纯净水,并每天灌胃200μl的PBS;另外5组,给予饮用含有4%的DSS水5-6天,其中PBS+DSS组在饮用DSS水的同时,每天灌胃200μl的PBS;另外4组在饮用DSS水的同时,每天分别灌胃200μl含有109个植物乳杆菌LP、乳酸片球菌PA、屎肠球菌EF或者大肠杆菌EC的菌悬液。
处理结束后,称量小鼠体重并计算其变化的百分比。此外,观察小鼠的大便粘稠度,以及大便出血情况。最后根据小鼠体重、大便粘稠度和出血情况,计算每只小鼠的疾病活动指数(DAI),计算方法为(体重下降百分率得分+大便粘稠度得分+大便出血得分)/3,其中,体重下降百分率:不变为0分,1-5为1分,5-10为2分,10-15为3分,>15为4分;大便粘稠度:正常为0分,有点湿成型为1分,湿松散为2分,不成形为3分,腹泻为4分;大便出血:正常为0分,有血丝为1分,血丝多一些为2分,有暗红片状血为3分,血屎模糊为4分;
随后处死小鼠,采集整个结肠,测量结肠长度;一部分结肠进行切片和HE染色,并对HE染色结果进行评分,评分计算方法为炎症细胞浸润得分+隐窝消失得分+组织损伤得分,其中,炎症细胞浸润(0-3分):固有层炎症细胞偶尔出现为0分,固有层炎症细胞增加为1分,炎症细胞增至粘膜下层为2分,炎症浸润跨壁出现为3分;隐窝消失(0-4分):没有消失为0分,<25%消失为1分,<50%消失为2分,<75%消失为3分,<100%消失为4分;组织损伤(0-6分):a)粘膜溃疡:无溃疡为0分,局部溃疡为1分,多处溃疡为2分,连续溃疡为3分。b)损伤深度:无损伤为0分,仅粘膜损伤为1分,粘膜和粘膜下层损伤为2分,跨壁损伤为3分;一部分结肠切片进行免疫组化,检测淋巴细胞浸润(CD45)和巨噬细胞浸润(F4/80)情况;另外,提取一部分结肠RNA并采用定量PCR检测结肠炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的mRNA表达水平。
2.实验结果
(1)本发明菌株降低TNF-α诱导的细胞促炎因子IL-1β和IL-6的分泌
实验结果如图2中的A所示,与HT-29结肠细胞模型相比,经本发明4个菌株处理后,细胞上清中的促炎因子IL-1β和IL-6含量均显著降低,说明本发明4个菌株能有效降低肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)诱导的细胞促炎因子IL-1β和IL-6的分泌水平(图2中的A)。
(2)本发明菌株缓解DSS小鼠结肠炎症状
实验结果如图2所示,与DSS诱导的结肠炎小鼠模型相比,经本发明4个菌株处理后的小鼠,疾病活动指数DAI均显著降低,结肠缩短程度也得到明显减缓(图2中的B和C);此外,模型组小鼠的结肠中可见细胞数量明显减少和肠瘾窝损伤、炎细胞浸润等病理变化,灌胃本发明菌株后,可观察到明显改善了小鼠结肠粘膜损伤,结肠组织损伤评分显著降低(图2中的D和E),结肠淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞浸润情况也得到改善(图2中的F和G)。
(3)本发明菌株降低结肠炎小鼠结肠中促炎因子的mRNA表达水平
实验结果如图2中的H所示,模型组小鼠结肠中,促炎因子IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的mRNA表达水平明显升高,灌胃本发明4个菌株均能显著降低小鼠结肠中促炎因子IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的mRNA表达水平。
综上所述,本发明菌株无论是在体内还是体外,均能显著减轻结肠炎症状。
实施例3本发明菌株对全身炎症的改善作用
1.实验方法
动物造模处理同实施例2中的DSS结肠炎小鼠模型的建立和处理过程,处理结束后,测量体重并记录数据;处死小鼠,采集结肠并提取总RNA,通过实时定量PCR法检测LPS受体TLR4的mRNA表达水平;另外采集血液,制备血清,采用ELISA法检测血清中C-反应蛋白的含量。
2.实验结果
实验结果如图3所示,与正常对照组相比,模型对照组小鼠的体重明显降低,结肠组织中LPS受体TLR4的mRNA表达水平和血清中C-反应蛋白的含量均明显升高,灌胃本发明菌株后,小鼠结肠组织中LPS受体TLR4的mRNA表达水平显著降低(图3中的A);此外,乳酸片球菌PA和大肠杆菌EC显著地提高了体重,缓解体重减轻的程度,且有明显的降低血清C-反应蛋白的趋势(图3中的B和C)。上述结果表明,本发明菌株对肠屏障损伤引起的全身炎症有明显的改善作用。
实施例4本发明菌株具有延缓衰老的作用
1.实验方法
采用秀丽隐杆线虫模型,随机分为5组,每组150只线虫,对照组(Control组)饲喂Escherichia coli OP50,4个实验组(LP组、PA组、EF组、EC组)分别饲喂对应菌株与OP50等量混合的饲料。从线虫成年开始,每周记录3次线虫的死亡、存活数量,直到全部线虫死亡。绘制生存曲线,并计算平均寿命。
2.实验结果
实验结果如图4所示,与对照组线虫相比,饲喂本发明植物乳杆菌LP、乳酸片球菌PA和屎肠球菌EF的线虫的存活率和平均寿命均显著增加。表明本发明申请菌株具有延缓衰老、延长寿命的作用。
综上所述,本发明提供的益生菌菌株能显著抑制肠屏障功能损伤的肠道通透性的升高,并恢复至健康水平;能有效缓解肠屏障功能损伤引起的结肠炎和全身炎症症状;此外,本发明益生菌菌株还具有延缓衰老、延长寿命的作用。可广泛应用于改善肠屏障功能损伤及相关发展疾病、以及延缓衰老的药物等产品中。
尽管本发明的内容已经通过上述优选实施例作了详细介绍,但应当认识到上述的描述不应被认为是对本发明的限制。在本领域技术人员阅读了上述内容后,对于本发明的多种修改和替代都将是显而易见的。因此,本发明的保护范围应由所附的权利要求来限定。
Claims (8)
1.用于改善肠屏障功能的益生菌菌株,其特征在于,所述益生菌菌株为乳酸片球菌,所述乳酸片球菌的微生物保藏编号为CGMCC No.17943。
2.权利要求1所述的益生菌菌株在制备改善肠屏障功能受损及相关发展疾病症状的产品中的应用,其特征在于,所述相关发展疾病为结肠炎和/或全身炎症。
3.权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述改善结肠炎症状为如下方面:
(1)缓解结肠缩短程度;
(2)改善结肠粘膜损伤;
(3)降低结肠淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞浸润程度;
抑制促炎因子IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α转录或表达水平。
4.权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述改善全身炎症为如下方面:
(1)缓解体重减轻程度;
(2)降低内毒素LPS受体TLR4的表达水平。
5.权利要求1所述的益生菌菌株在制备延缓衰老的产品中的应用。
6.如权利要求2-5任一项所述的应用,其特征在于,所述产品为药物。
7.如权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述药物还包括药用载体和/或药用辅料。
8.如权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,所述药物的剂型包括颗粒剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂或口服液。
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