CN113734109A - Brake caliper, brake system, vehicle and brake control method - Google Patents

Brake caliper, brake system, vehicle and brake control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113734109A
CN113734109A CN202010475891.1A CN202010475891A CN113734109A CN 113734109 A CN113734109 A CN 113734109A CN 202010475891 A CN202010475891 A CN 202010475891A CN 113734109 A CN113734109 A CN 113734109A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
brake
caliper body
caliper
brake pad
pad
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202010475891.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113734109B (en
Inventor
廖银生
郑海雄
李大为
黄泰硕
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202010475891.1A priority Critical patent/CN113734109B/en
Publication of CN113734109A publication Critical patent/CN113734109A/en
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Publication of CN113734109B publication Critical patent/CN113734109B/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
    • B60T1/06—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/18—Safety devices; Monitoring
    • B60T17/22—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/04—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/092—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for axially-engaging brakes, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D65/095—Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/097—Resilient means interposed between pads and supporting members or other brake parts
    • F16D65/0972—Resilient means interposed between pads and supporting members or other brake parts transmitting brake reaction force, e.g. elements interposed between torque support plate and pad
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/04—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/092—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for axially-engaging brakes, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D65/095—Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/097—Resilient means interposed between pads and supporting members or other brake parts
    • F16D65/0973—Resilient means interposed between pads and supporting members or other brake parts not subjected to brake forces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F16D66/02—Apparatus for indicating wear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F16D66/02—Apparatus for indicating wear
    • F16D66/021—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
    • F16D2121/04—Fluid pressure acting on a piston-type actuator, e.g. for liquid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/02—Fluid-pressure mechanisms
    • F16D2125/04—Cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/02—Fluid-pressure mechanisms
    • F16D2125/08—Seals, e.g. piston seals

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle braking, and particularly relates to a brake caliper, a brake system, a vehicle and a brake control method, wherein the brake caliper comprises a caliper body, a caliper body bracket, a caliper body centering device, a first brake pad and a second brake pad, and the caliper body bracket are arranged in a relative sliding manner; after braking is stopped and a brake pedal is released, the caliper body centering device keeps the caliper body at a centering position so as to limit the first brake block and the second brake block at a brake release position; wherein, in a brake release position of the first brake pad and the second brake pad, a first distance between the first brake pad and the brake disc is equal to a second distance between the second brake pad and the brake disc. The utility model provides a brake caliper, the pincers body can get back to the position placed in the middle always after the braking, guarantees that brake disc both sides surface is the same with two brake block clearances, realizes zero dragging in the true sense, reduces the vehicle resistance of traveling, the fuel consumption reduction.

Description

Brake caliper, brake system, vehicle and brake control method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle braking, and particularly relates to a brake caliper, a brake system, a vehicle and a brake control method.
Background
When the brake caliper brakes normally, oil is pressed into the caliper, and a piston of the caliper pushes the brake pads on the inner side and the outer side to press the brake disc under the hydraulic action, so that friction torque is generated to brake. At this time, the edge of the rectangular seal ring in the wheel cylinder groove is elastically deformed slightly by the frictional force of the piston. When the brake is released, the piston returns by the elasticity of the sealing ring and the return spring. Besides the sealing function, the sealing ring also plays the roles of piston return and automatic clearance adjustment. If the abrasion of the clearance between the brake pads on the inner side and the outer side and the brake disc is increased, the piston can still move after the deformation of the sealing ring reaches the limit during braking until the brake pads on the inner side and the outer side press the brake disc. After the brake is released, the distance for pushing the piston back by the moment sealing ring is the same as that before abrasion, and the standard value is still kept. However, the caliper body of the existing brake caliper is not provided with an active return mechanism and is thrown away by the brake disc, but the distance between the thrown caliper body and the two sides of the brake disc cannot be guaranteed to be the same, the return amount of the brake discs on the inner side and the outer side cannot be the same, the dragging torque cannot be kept at a small level, the brake disc is heated, the running resistance is increased, the oil consumption is increased, especially, the electricity consumption is increased for a new energy vehicle, and the endurance is reduced.
The prior art discloses a device for reducing dragging torque of a new energy vehicle by an electromagnetic system, which comprises an EPB (Electrical Park Brake), a friction plate, a Brake disc, a caliper body bracket, a master cylinder and a distance measuring unit. The brake disc is fixedly connected with the caliper body support, and two friction plates are respectively arranged on two sides of the brake disc. The distance measuring group is provided with a distance measuring instrument, a base, a magnet and an electromagnetic coil. The distance between the left end and the right end of the part of the friction plate close to the brake disc is smaller than the distance between the left end and the right end of the part of the friction plate far away from the brake disc, so that one step or two symmetrical steps are formed. The step part of the friction plate on the side of the main cylinder is provided with a distance measuring group, and the base is fixedly connected with the clamp body bracket. The distance measuring instrument, the magnet and the electromagnetic coil are connected with the base. Wherein the distance meter is close to the corresponding brake disc, and the magnet is located between the distance meter and the electromagnetic coil.
The scheme adds a ranging group on the basis of the traditional EPB and works according to the following principle:
when the vehicle is normally braked, the distance L from the base to the brake disc is monitored by the distance meter and is used as a standard distance; after the vehicle brake is released, the distance meter obtains the distance L1 from the base to the brake disc at the moment.
When L1 is more than or equal to L +0.2 +/-0.1, the clearance is normal, the dragging torque is in a normal range, and the device does not work; when L1 is less than L +0.2 +/-0.1, the electromagnetic coil is electrified to generate magnetic force which repels the magnet to push the friction plate away from the brake disc, so that the dragging torque is reduced.
The default disc clearance of the conventional device is 0.2 +/-0.1, the limitation exists, the magnet is only added on one side of the brake pad, the caliper body is of a floating structure and cannot be centered (the distance from the brake disc on the inner side and the brake disc on the outer side to the caliper body is the same), the brake pads on the two sides cannot be simultaneously far away from the brake disc, and the dragging moment cannot be really reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the brake caliper, the brake system, the vehicle and the brake control method are provided for solving the problems that the existing electromagnetic type device for reducing the dragging torque for the new energy vehicle cannot enable the caliper body to be centered, brake pads on two sides cannot be far away from a brake disc at the same time, and the dragging torque cannot be really reduced.
In order to solve the above technical problem, in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a brake caliper, including a caliper body, a caliper body bracket, a caliper body centering device, a first brake pad and a second brake pad, where the caliper body and the caliper body bracket are arranged in a relatively sliding manner;
after braking is stopped and a brake pedal is released, the caliper body centering device keeps the caliper body at a centering position so as to limit the first brake block and the second brake block at a brake release position; wherein, in a brake release position of the first brake pad and the second brake pad, a first distance between the first brake pad and the brake disc is equal to a second distance between the second brake pad and the brake disc.
Optionally, the brake caliper further comprises a distance measuring device for detecting the relative displacement of the caliper body and the caliper body bracket.
Optionally, the distance measuring device is a displacement sensor mounted on the caliper body support.
Optionally, the forceps body centering device is an electromagnetic driving device;
the electromagnetic driving device comprises a magnet and an electromagnetic coil, the magnet is fixed on the caliper body, the electromagnetic coil is fixed on the caliper body support, and when the electromagnetic coil is electrified, magnetic field force is generated and acts on the magnet so as to drive the caliper body to move relative to the caliper body support along the direction perpendicular to the brake disc.
Alternatively, the magnet includes a base portion fixed to the caliper body and a columnar portion accommodated in the electromagnetic coil and movable in an axial direction of the electromagnetic coil.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a brake system, including the brake caliper.
In still another aspect, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle, which includes the above brake caliper.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a brake control method, including:
acquiring a brake stopping signal, and controlling the caliper body to be kept at a central position so as to limit the first brake block and the second brake block at a brake release position; wherein, in a brake release position of the first brake pad and the second brake pad, a first distance between the first brake pad and the brake disc is equal to a second distance between the second brake pad and the brake disc.
Optionally, obtaining a brake stop signal to control the caliper body to be maintained at the center position to limit the first brake pad and the second brake pad at the brake release position includes:
after a stop brake signal is obtained, the relative displacement between the caliper body and the caliper body bracket when the caliper body stops is obtained;
judging whether the relative displacement is equal to the relative displacement between the clamp body and the clamp body bracket when the clamp body is kept at the central position; if not, the clamp body centering device drives the clamp body to move and keeps the clamp body at the centering position.
Before the brake disc, the first brake pad and the second brake pad are not worn, the method further comprises the step of calibrating the relative displacement between the caliper body and the caliper body bracket when the caliper body is kept at the central position:
when the first brake pad and the second brake pad are at initial positions, the caliper body is controlled to move towards the direction that the piston is far away from the brake disc until the second brake pad is attached to the brake disc, and the absolute value L1 of the relative displacement of the caliper body and the caliper body bracket at the moment is detected;
when the first brake pad and the second brake pad are at initial positions, the caliper body is controlled to move towards the direction that the piston is close to the brake disc until the first brake pad is attached to the brake disc, and the absolute value L2 of the relative displacement of the caliper body and the caliper body bracket at the moment is detected;
and controlling the caliper body to move by a relative displacement (L1+ L2)/2 in the direction that the piston moves away from the brake disc, returning the caliper body to the central position, and calibrating the relative displacement of the caliper body and the caliper body bracket to be 0 when the caliper body is kept at the central position.
Optionally, after detecting that the brake disc, the first brake pad and the second brake disc are worn, the method further comprises:
acquiring an absolute value L3 of relative displacement between the caliper body and the caliper body bracket in a braking state;
after a stop brake signal is obtained, the relative displacement between the caliper body and the caliper body bracket when the caliper body stops is obtained;
judging whether the relative displacement is equal to L3- (L1+ L2)/2; if not, the clamp body centering device drives the clamp body to move and keep at the centering position.
According to the brake caliper of the embodiment of the present invention, after braking is stopped and the brake pedal is released (when a stop braking signal is acquired), the caliper body centering device holds the caliper body at the centered position to restrict the first brake pad and the second brake pad at the brake release position (a first spacing between the first brake pad and the brake disc is equal to a second spacing between the second brake pad and the brake disc). Like this, the brake caliper of this application can not only let first braking piece, the initiative return of second braking piece, can also be according to the relative displacement of the pincers body and pincers body support, move through pincers body device control pincers body placed in the middle, make the pincers body always can get back to the position placed in the middle after the braking, let first braking piece and second braking piece have sufficient space initiative return, further guarantee that brake disc both sides surface is the same with two brake piece clearances, calliper dragging torque reaches the optimum, realize the most genuine zero dragging, reduce the vehicle resistance of traveling, reduce, especially, reduce the power consumption to the new forms of energy car, increase continuation of journey very big help.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a brake caliper provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a brake caliper provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of a second brake pad return device of the brake caliper according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a braking system provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the specification are as follows:
100. a brake pedal; 200. a brake light switch; 300. a brake master cylinder; 400. an electronic control unit; 500. an electronic stability program control system; 600. a brake caliper; 700. a booster device; 800. and (4) switching.
1. A clamp body; 101. a cylinder; 102. a claw hand; 2. a clamp body support; 3. a distance measuring device; 4. a clamp body centering device; 401. a magnet; 402. an electromagnetic coil; 5. a brake disc; 6. a first brake pad; 7. a second brake pad; 8. a piston; 9. a seal ring; 10a first return spring; 10b, a second return spring piece; 10c, a third return spring leaf; 10d, a fourth return spring.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the brake system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a brake pedal 100, a brake light switch 200, a brake master cylinder 300, an electronic control unit 400, an electronic stability program control system 500, and a brake caliper 600. The brake pedal 100 is connected to the master cylinder 300, and the master cylinder 300 is connected to the brake caliper via the electronic stability program control system 500. The electronic control unit 400 is electrically connected to the stop lamp switch 200 and the electronic stability program control system 500, respectively. The electronic control unit 400 determines that the brake pedal 100 is depressed or released according to the read switch signal of the stop lamp switch 200 and the brake master cylinder pressure signal of the electronic stability program control system 500, so as to recognize the driver's braking intention.
The brake system further includes a booster 700, and the booster 700 is connected between the master cylinder 300 and the brake pedal 100 to provide boosting during braking.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a brake caliper 600 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a caliper body 1, a caliper body bracket 2, a caliper body centering device 4, a first brake pad 6, and a second brake pad 7, and the caliper body 1 and the caliper body bracket 2 are disposed to slide relative to each other.
After the brake is stopped and the brake pedal is released (after the brake stopping signal is acquired), the caliper body centering device 4 keeps the caliper body 1 at the centering position to limit the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7 at the brake releasing position; wherein, in the brake release position of the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7, a first distance between the first brake pad 6 and the brake disc 5 is equal to a second distance between the second brake pad 7 and the brake disc 5.
Typically, the brake caliper 600 further comprises first and second brake pad return means, a piston 8 and a sealing ring 9, said piston 9 being slidably arranged in a cylinder 101 formed in said caliper 1.
The sealing ring 9 is arranged between the outer wall of the piston 8 and the inner wall of the cylinder 101. Preferably, a sealing groove located on the radial outer side of the piston 9 is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder 101, and the sealing ring 9 is disposed in the sealing groove. The sealing ring 9 is typically a rectangular sealing ring.
The brake disc 5 is arranged between the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7, the caliper body 1 is slidably connected to the caliper body bracket 2 through a pin, the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7 are slidably connected to the caliper body 1, and the piston 8 is used for pushing the first brake pad 6 to move towards the brake disc 5; the first brake block returning device is connected between the first brake block 6 and the caliper body bracket 2, and the second brake block returning device is connected between the second brake block 7 and the caliper body bracket 2.
A sliding groove for sliding a first brake block 6 and a second brake block 7 is arranged in the caliper body 1. The maximum position of the first brake pad 6 inwards is defined by said piston 8, i.e. when the first brake pad 6 contacts the piston 8, it cannot move further inwards. The maximum outward position of the second brake plate 7 is limited by the claw 102 on the caliper body 1, i.e. when the second brake plate 7 contacts the claw 102, it cannot move further outward.
In an embodiment, the brake caliper 600 further comprises a distance measuring device 3 for detecting the relative displacement of the caliper body 1 and the caliper body bracket 2. The distance measuring device 3 may be, for example, a displacement sensor mounted on the caliper body support 2. For example, a proximity sensor, a photoelectric sensor, an infrared sensor, and the like. And the distance measuring device 3 detects the relative displacement of the clamp body 1 and the clamp body bracket 2 in real time.
When the brake pedal 100 is stepped on, the piston 8 pushes the first brake pad 6 to move toward the brake disc 5 and presses the seal ring 9 by the hydraulic oil flowing into the cylinder 101, so that the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7 clamp the brake disc 5 from both sides, and a friction torque is generated to brake.
After braking is stopped and the brake pedal 100 is released, the piston 8 returns under the action of the deformation recovery force of the seal ring 9, the first brake pad 6 returns under the driving of the first brake pad returning device, and the second brake pad 7 returns under the driving of the second brake pad returning device and drives the caliper body 1 to move to the central position.
The distance measuring device 3 acquires the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body support 2 when the caliper body 1 stops, and judges whether the relative displacement is equal to the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body support 2 when the caliper body is kept at the central position; if not, the clamp body centering device 4 drives the clamp body 1 to move, and the clamp body 1 is kept at the centering position. If yes, the clamp body centering device 4 does not work.
In one embodiment, the first brake pad returning means comprises a first return spring 10a and a second return spring 10b, the first return spring 10a is connected between a first side of the caliper body bracket 2 and a first side of the first brake pad 6, the second return spring 10b is connected between a second side of the caliper body bracket 2 and a second side of the first brake pad 6; when the first brake pad 6 moves in a direction to approach the brake disk 5, the first return spring piece 10a and the second return spring piece 10b are stretched; after braking is stopped and the brake pedal 100 is released, the first return spring 10a and the second return spring 10b return and drive the first brake pad 6 to return. The second brake block return device comprises a third return spring piece 10c and a fourth return spring piece 10d, the third return spring piece 10c is connected between the first side of the caliper body bracket 2 and the first side of the second brake block 7, and the fourth return spring piece 10d is connected between the second side of the caliper body bracket 2 and the second side of the second brake block 7; when the second brake pad 7 moves in a direction approaching the brake disk 5, the third return spring 10c and the fourth return spring 10d are stretched; after braking is stopped and the brake pedal 100 is released, the third return spring 10c and the fourth return spring 10d return and drive the second brake pad 7 to return.
In one embodiment, the caliper body centering device 4 is an electromagnetic driving device; the electromagnetic driving device comprises a magnet 401 and an electromagnetic coil 402, the magnet 401 is fixed on the caliper body 1, the electromagnetic coil 402 is fixed on the caliper body bracket 2, and when the electromagnetic coil 402 is electrified, magnetic field force is generated and acts on the magnet 401 to drive the caliper body 1 to move relative to the caliper body bracket 2 along a direction perpendicular to the brake disc 5. Preferably, the magnet 401 includes a base portion fixed to the caliper body 1 and a columnar portion accommodated in the electromagnetic coil 402 and movable in the axial direction of the electromagnetic coil 402. When the electromagnetic coil 402 is energized, the magnet 401 is moved in the axial direction of the electromagnetic coil 402 by the magnetic field force, and the caliper body 1 is moved.
During braking, the electromagnetic coil 402 is not energized and the electromagnetic drive is not operated.
As shown in fig. 5, when four-wheel braking is implemented, the brake calipers 600 are disposed at four wheel positions, the four brake calipers 600 are respectively connected to the electronic stability program control system 500, the distance measuring device 3 (displacement sensor) of each brake caliper 600 is respectively in signal connection with the electronic control unit 400, the caliper centering device 4 is respectively mounted on each brake caliper 600, and the electromagnetic coils 402 of the four caliper centering devices 4 are respectively in signal connection with the electronic control unit 400 through the switch 800. The electronic control unit 400 can control the on/off of the electromagnetic coil 402 by controlling the state of the switch 800.
According to the brake caliper and the brake system of the embodiment of the invention, after braking is stopped and the brake pedal is released (when a stop braking signal is acquired), the caliper body centering device keeps the caliper body at the centered position to limit the first brake pad and the second brake pad at the brake release position (the first distance between the first brake pad and the brake disc is equal to the second distance between the second brake pad and the brake disc). Like this, the brake caliper of this application can not only let first braking piece, the initiative return of second braking piece, can also be according to the relative displacement of the pincers body and pincers body support, move through pincers body device control pincers body placed in the middle, make the pincers body always can get back to the position placed in the middle after the braking, let first braking piece and second braking piece have sufficient space initiative return, further guarantee that brake disc both sides surface is the same with two brake piece clearances, calliper dragging torque reaches the optimum, realize the most genuine zero dragging, reduce the vehicle resistance of traveling, reduce, especially, reduce the power consumption to the new forms of energy car, increase continuation of journey very big help.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also provides a vehicle, which comprises the brake caliper 600 of the embodiment.
In addition, referring to fig. 5, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a braking control method, including:
acquiring a brake stopping signal (when the brake stopping is detected and the brake pedal 100 is released), and controlling the caliper body 1 to be kept at the central position so as to limit the first brake block 6 and the second brake block 7 at the brake releasing position; wherein, in the brake release position of the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7, a first distance between the first brake pad 6 and the brake disc 5 is equal to a second distance between the second brake pad 7 and the brake disc 5.
In one embodiment, the logic for determining that the brake pedal 100 is depressed is:
when the electronic control unit 400 detects an off signal (a brake light is on) of the brake light switch 200 and the electronic control unit 400 reads that the master cylinder pressure obtained by the electronic stability program control system 500 reaches a certain value (for example, 10bar), it is determined that the brake pedal 100 is pressed and a brake request is input.
In one embodiment, the logic for determining that the brake pedal 100 is released is:
when the electronic control unit 400 detects that the stop lamp switch 200 is turned on (the stop lamp is turned off), and the electronic control unit 400 reads that the master cylinder pressure obtained by the electronic stability program control system 500 is 0, it is determined that the brake pedal 100 is released, and this braking is completed.
In one embodiment, obtaining the brake stop signal to control the caliper body 1 to be maintained at the center position to limit the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7 at the brake release position includes:
after the stop brake signal is acquired, the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body support 2 when the caliper body is stopped is acquired.
Judging whether the relative displacement is equal to the relative displacement between the clamp body 1 and the clamp body bracket 2 when the clamp body is kept at the central position; if not, the clamp body centering device 4 drives the clamp body 1 to move, and the clamp body 1 is kept at the centering position.
In one embodiment, before the brake disc 5, the first brake pad 6 and the second brake disc 7 are not worn (for example, when the brake disc is newly loaded), the method further comprises the step of calibrating the centering relative displacement:
before the brake disc 5, the first brake disc 6 and the second brake disc 7 are not worn (before the vehicle is taken off the line or is put into use, and the like), the method further comprises the step of calibrating the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body bracket 2 when the caliper body 1 is kept at the central position:
when the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7 are at the initial positions, the caliper body 1 is controlled to move in a direction in which the piston 8 is away from the brake disc 5 until the second brake pad 7 is attached to the brake disc 5, and the absolute value L1 of the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body holder 2 at that time is detected.
When the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7 are at the initial positions, the caliper body 1 is controlled to move in a direction in which the piston 8 approaches the brake disc 5 until the first brake pad 6 abuts the brake disc 5, and the absolute value L2 of the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body holder 2 at that time is detected.
The caliper body 1 is controlled to move relative displacement (L1+ L2)/2 in the direction that the piston 8 moves away from the brake disc 5, so that the caliper body 1 returns to the central position, and the relative displacement of the caliper body 1 and the caliper body bracket 2 is calibrated to be 0 when the caliper body 1 is kept at the central position.
In an embodiment, after detecting that the brake disk 5, the first brake pad 6 and the second brake disk 7 are worn, the method further includes:
the brake pedal 100 is stepped on to brake, and the absolute value of the relative displacement L3 between the caliper 1 and the caliper bracket 2 in the braking state is obtained.
After the stop brake signal is acquired, the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body support 2 when the caliper body is stopped is acquired.
Judging whether the relative displacement is equal to L3- (L1+ L2)/2; if not, the clamp body centering device 4 drives the clamp body 1 to move and keep at the centering position.
The method for detecting the abrasion of the brake disc 5, the first brake pad 6 and the second brake disc 7 comprises the following steps:
when the caliper body 1 moves by a distance not equal to (L1+ L2)/2 from the brake release state to the brake state, it is determined that one or more of the brake disk 5, the first brake disk 6, and the second brake disk 7 are worn.
After the stop brake signal is acquired, when it is acquired that the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body support 2 when the caliper body 1 is stopped is larger than the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body support 2 when the caliper body 1 is kept at the center position, it indicates that the caliper body 1 is currently located on the inner side of the center position (the side where the first brake pad 6 is located), at this time, the electromagnetic coil 402 is energized in the forward direction, and the caliper body 1 moves outward until the center position is returned. After the stop brake signal is acquired, it is acquired that the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body support 2 when the caliper body 1 is stopped is smaller than the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body support 2 when the caliper body 1 is kept at the center position, which indicates that the caliper body 1 is currently located on the outer side of the center position (the side where the second brake pad 7 is located), at this time, the electromagnetic coil 402 is energized in the reverse direction, and the caliper body 1 moves inward until the center position is returned.
When the brake disk 5, the first brake disk 6, and the second brake disk 7 are not worn, the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body holder 2 when the caliper body is held at the center position is 0. At this time, after the stop brake signal is acquired, when it is acquired that the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body holder 2 when the caliper body 1 is stopped is greater than 0, it indicates that the caliper body 1 is currently located inside the center position, and at this time, the electromagnetic coil 402 is energized in the forward direction, and the caliper body 1 moves outward until it returns to the center position. After the stop brake signal is acquired, when the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body support 2 is acquired to be less than 0 when the caliper body 1 stops, the caliper body 1 is currently located on the outer side of the central position, at the moment, the electromagnetic coil 402 is electrified reversely, and the caliper body 1 moves inwards until the caliper body 1 returns to the central position.
When the brake disc 5, the first brake disc 6, and the second brake disc 7 are worn, the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body holder 2 when the caliper body is held at the center position is L3- (L1+ L2)/2. At this time, when it is acquired that the relative displacement of the caliper 1 with respect to the caliper holder 2 at the time of stopping is greater than L3- (L1+ L2)/2 after acquiring the stop brake signal, indicating that the caliper 1 is currently located inside the center position, the electromagnetic coil 402 is energized in the forward direction, and the caliper 1 moves outward until it returns to the center position. When the relative displacement of the caliper 1 with respect to the caliper body holder 2 when stopped is less than L3- (L1+ L2)/2 after acquiring the stop brake signal, indicating that the caliper body 1 is currently located outside the center position, the electromagnetic coil 402 is energized in the reverse direction, and the caliper body 1 moves inward until it returns to the center position.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. The brake caliper is characterized by comprising a caliper body, a caliper body bracket, a caliper body centering device, a first brake pad and a second brake pad, wherein the caliper body and the caliper body bracket are arranged in a relative sliding manner;
after braking is stopped and a brake pedal is released, the caliper body centering device keeps the caliper body at a centering position so as to limit the first brake block and the second brake block at a brake release position; wherein, in a brake release position of the first brake pad and the second brake pad, a first distance between the first brake pad and the brake disc is equal to a second distance between the second brake pad and the brake disc.
2. Brake calliper according to claim 1, wherein the calliper further comprises distance measuring means for detecting the relative displacement of the calliper body and calliper body support.
3. Brake calliper according to claim 2, wherein the distance measuring means is a displacement sensor mounted on the calliper body support.
4. Brake calliper according to claim 1, wherein the calliper centering means are electromagnetic drive means;
the electromagnetic driving device comprises a magnet and an electromagnetic coil, the magnet is fixed on the caliper body, the electromagnetic coil is fixed on the caliper body support, and when the electromagnetic coil is electrified, magnetic field force is generated and acts on the magnet so as to drive the caliper body to move relative to the caliper body support along the direction perpendicular to the brake disc.
5. Brake calliper according to claim 4, wherein the magnet comprises a base portion fixed to the calliper body and a cylindrical portion housed in the electromagnetic coil and movable in the axial direction of the electromagnetic coil.
6. A brake system comprising a brake caliper according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. A vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a brake caliper according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. A brake control method characterized by comprising:
acquiring a brake stopping signal, and controlling the caliper body to be kept at a central position so as to limit the first brake block and the second brake block at a brake release position; wherein, in a brake release position of the first brake pad and the second brake pad, a first distance between the first brake pad and the brake disc is equal to a second distance between the second brake pad and the brake disc.
9. The brake control method according to claim 8, wherein the obtaining of the stop brake signal and the control of the caliper body to be held at the center position to restrict the first brake pad and the second brake pad to the brake release position includes:
after a stop brake signal is obtained, the relative displacement between the caliper body and the caliper body bracket when the caliper body stops is obtained;
judging whether the relative displacement is equal to the relative displacement between the clamp body and the clamp body bracket when the clamp body is kept at the central position; if not, the clamp body centering device drives the clamp body to move and keeps the clamp body at the centering position.
10. The brake control method according to claim 9, further comprising a step of calibrating a relative displacement of the caliper body with the caliper body held at the center position with respect to the caliper body holder before the brake disc, the first brake pad, and the second brake pad are not worn:
when the first brake pad and the second brake pad are at initial positions, the caliper body is controlled to move towards the direction that the piston is far away from the brake disc until the second brake pad is attached to the brake disc, and the absolute value L1 of the relative displacement of the caliper body and the caliper body bracket at the moment is detected;
when the first brake pad and the second brake pad are at initial positions, the caliper body is controlled to move towards the direction that the piston is close to the brake disc until the first brake pad is attached to the brake disc, and the absolute value L2 of the relative displacement of the caliper body and the caliper body bracket at the moment is detected;
and controlling the caliper body to move by a relative displacement (L1+ L2)/2 in the direction that the piston moves away from the brake disc, returning the caliper body to the central position, and calibrating the relative displacement of the caliper body and the caliper body bracket to be 0 when the caliper body is kept at the central position.
11. The brake control method according to claim 10, further comprising, after detecting that the brake disc, the first brake pad, and the second brake disc are worn:
acquiring an absolute value L3 of relative displacement between the caliper body and the caliper body bracket in a braking state;
after a stop brake signal is obtained, the relative displacement between the caliper body and the caliper body bracket when the caliper body stops is obtained;
judging whether the relative displacement is equal to L3- (L1+ L2)/2; if not, the clamp body centering device drives the clamp body to move and keep at the centering position.
CN202010475891.1A 2020-05-29 2020-05-29 Brake caliper, brake system, vehicle and brake control method Active CN113734109B (en)

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US20040026181A1 (en) * 2000-08-17 2004-02-12 Johann Baumgartner Disk brake having an adjusting system
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