CN113734109B - Brake caliper, brake system, vehicle and brake control method - Google Patents
Brake caliper, brake system, vehicle and brake control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113734109B CN113734109B CN202010475891.1A CN202010475891A CN113734109B CN 113734109 B CN113734109 B CN 113734109B CN 202010475891 A CN202010475891 A CN 202010475891A CN 113734109 B CN113734109 B CN 113734109B
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- brake
- caliper
- caliper body
- clamp body
- brake pad
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
- B60T1/06—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/18—Safety devices; Monitoring
- B60T17/22—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
- F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
- F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D65/04—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
- F16D65/092—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for axially-engaging brakes, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D65/095—Pivots or supporting members therefor
- F16D65/097—Resilient means interposed between pads and supporting members or other brake parts
- F16D65/0972—Resilient means interposed between pads and supporting members or other brake parts transmitting brake reaction force, e.g. elements interposed between torque support plate and pad
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D65/04—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
- F16D65/092—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for axially-engaging brakes, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D65/095—Pivots or supporting members therefor
- F16D65/097—Resilient means interposed between pads and supporting members or other brake parts
- F16D65/0973—Resilient means interposed between pads and supporting members or other brake parts not subjected to brake forces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
- F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
- F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
- F16D66/02—Apparatus for indicating wear
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
- F16D66/02—Apparatus for indicating wear
- F16D66/021—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
- F16D2121/04—Fluid pressure acting on a piston-type actuator, e.g. for liquid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
- F16D2125/02—Fluid-pressure mechanisms
- F16D2125/04—Cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
- F16D2125/02—Fluid-pressure mechanisms
- F16D2125/08—Seals, e.g. piston seals
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of vehicle braking, and particularly relates to a brake caliper, a brake system, a vehicle and a brake control method, wherein the brake caliper comprises a caliper body, a caliper body bracket, a caliper body centering device, a first brake block and a second brake block, and the caliper body bracket are arranged in a sliding manner relatively; after stopping braking and the brake pedal is released, the caliper body centering device maintains the caliper body in a centered position to limit the first and second brake pads to a brake release position; and in the brake release positions of the first brake pad and the second brake pad, a first distance between the first brake pad and the brake disc is equal to a second distance between the second brake pad and the brake disc. The brake caliper provided by the application can always return to the central position after braking is finished, so that the gaps between the two side surfaces of the brake disc and the two brake pads are the same, zero dragging in the true sense is realized, the running resistance of a vehicle is reduced, and the oil consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of vehicle braking, and particularly relates to a brake caliper, a brake system, a vehicle and a brake control method.
Background
When the brake calipers brake normally, oil is pressed into the calipers, and pistons of the oil push brake pads on the inner side and the outer side to compress the brake disc under the action of hydraulic pressure, so that friction torque is generated for braking. At this time, the edge of the rectangular seal ring in the wheel cylinder groove is slightly elastically deformed by the friction force of the piston. When the brake is released, the piston returns by the elasticity of the sealing ring and the elasticity of the return reed. The sealing ring not only plays a sealing role, but also plays roles of resetting the piston and automatically adjusting the clearance. If the gap between the inner and outer brake pads and the brake disc is increased, the piston can still move continuously until the brake pads on the inner and outer sides press the brake disc after the deformation of the sealing ring reaches the limit during braking. After the braking is released, the distance that the moment sealing ring pushes the piston back is the same as that before abrasion, and the standard value is still maintained. However, the caliper body of the existing brake caliper is not provided with an active return mechanism and is thrown away by the brake disc, the distances between the thrown away caliper body and two sides of the brake disc cannot be guaranteed to be the same, the return amounts of the brake pads on the inner side and the outer side cannot be the same, the dragging moment cannot be at a small level, the brake disc heats, the running resistance is increased, the oil consumption is increased, and particularly, the electricity consumption is increased for new energy vehicles, and the cruising duration is reduced.
The prior art discloses a new energy automobile-used electromagnetic type reduces and drags device of moment, including EPB (Electrical Park Brake, electronic parking braking system), friction disc, brake disc, pincers body support, master cylinder and range finding group. The brake disc is fixedly connected with the clamp body bracket, and two friction plates are respectively arranged on two sides of the brake disc. The distance measuring set is provided with a distance measuring instrument, a base, a magnet and an electromagnetic coil. The distance between the left and right ends of the portion of the friction plate that is close to the brake disc is smaller than the distance between the left and right ends of the portion of the friction plate that is far from the brake disc to form one step or two symmetrical steps. The step part of the friction plate at the side of the main cylinder is provided with a distance measuring group, and the base is fixedly connected with the clamp body bracket. The distance meter, the magnet and the electromagnetic coil are all connected with the base. Wherein the distance meter is close to the corresponding brake disc, and the magnet is located between the distance meter and the electromagnetic coil.
The scheme adds a ranging group on the basis of the traditional EPB and works according to the following principle:
when the vehicle is braked normally, the distance L between the base and the brake disc is monitored by the distance meter, and the distance L is used as a standard distance; after the braking of the vehicle is released, the distance L1 from the base to the brake disc is obtained by the distance meter.
When L1 is more than or equal to L+0.2+/-0.1, the clearance is normal, the dragging moment is in a normal range, and the device does not work; when L1 is less than L+0.2+/-0.1, the electromagnetic coil is electrified to generate magnetic force which is repulsive to the magnet, so that the friction plate is pushed to be far away from the brake disc, and the dragging moment is reduced.
The existing device has the defects that the default disc clearance is 0.2+/-0.1, the magnet is added to one side of the brake disc, the caliper body is of a floating structure, the caliper body cannot be centered (the distances from the brake discs on the inner side and the outer side to the caliper body are the same), the brake discs on the two sides cannot be simultaneously far away from the brake discs, and the dragging moment cannot be truly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the application are as follows: aiming at the problems that the existing electromagnetic device for reducing the dragging torque for the new energy vehicle cannot center a caliper body, brake pads on two sides cannot be simultaneously far away from a brake disc, and the dragging torque cannot be reduced in a real sense, the device for reducing the dragging torque for the new energy vehicle provides a brake caliper, a brake system, a vehicle and a brake control method.
In order to solve the technical problems, in one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a brake caliper, including a caliper body, a caliper body support, a caliper body centering device, a first brake pad and a second brake pad, where the caliper body and the caliper body support are relatively slidably disposed;
after stopping braking and the brake pedal is released, the caliper body centering device maintains the caliper body in a centered position to limit the first and second brake pads to a brake release position; and in the brake release positions of the first brake pad and the second brake pad, a first distance between the first brake pad and the brake disc is equal to a second distance between the second brake pad and the brake disc.
Optionally, the brake caliper further comprises a distance measuring device for detecting the relative displacement of the caliper body and the caliper body bracket.
Optionally, the distance measuring device is a displacement sensor mounted on the clamp body bracket.
Optionally, the clamp body centering device is an electromagnetic driving device;
the electromagnetic driving device comprises a magnet and an electromagnetic coil, wherein the magnet is fixed on the caliper body, the electromagnetic coil is fixed on the caliper body support, and when the electromagnetic coil is electrified, magnetic field force is generated and acts on the magnet so as to drive the caliper body to move along the direction perpendicular to the brake disc relative to the caliper body support.
Optionally, the magnet includes a base portion fixed to the clamp body and a columnar portion accommodated in the electromagnetic coil and movable in an axial direction of the electromagnetic coil.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the application also provides a brake system which comprises the brake caliper.
In yet another aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle including the brake caliper described above.
In still another aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a brake control method, including:
acquiring a stopping braking signal, and controlling the caliper body to be kept at a central position so as to limit the first brake pad and the second brake pad to a braking releasing position; and in the brake release positions of the first brake pad and the second brake pad, a first distance between the first brake pad and the brake disc is equal to a second distance between the second brake pad and the brake disc.
Optionally, acquiring a stopping braking signal, and controlling the caliper body to maintain at a centered position to limit the first brake pad and the second brake pad to a brake release position, including:
after a stopping braking signal is obtained, obtaining the relative displacement between the clamp body and the clamp body bracket when the clamp body is stopped;
judging whether the relative displacement is equal to the relative displacement between the clamp body and the clamp body bracket when the clamp body is kept at the central position; if not, the clamp body centering device drives the clamp body to move and keeps the clamp body in a centering position.
Before the brake disc, the first brake pad and the second brake pad are not worn, the method further comprises the step of calibrating the relative displacement between the clamp body and the clamp body bracket when the clamp body is kept at the center position:
when the first brake block and the second brake block are at initial positions, controlling the caliper body to move towards the direction that the piston is far away from the brake disc until the second brake block is attached to the brake disc, and detecting the relative displacement absolute value L1 of the caliper body and the caliper body bracket at the moment;
when the first brake block and the second brake block are at initial positions, the caliper body is controlled to move towards the direction that the piston is close to the brake disc until the first brake block is attached to the brake disc, and the absolute value L2 of the relative displacement of the caliper body and the caliper body bracket at the moment is detected;
and controlling the relative displacement (L1+L2)/2 of the clamp body to move towards the direction of the piston away from the brake disc, so that the clamp body returns to the centering position, and calibrating the relative displacement between the clamp body and the clamp body bracket to be 0 when the clamp body is kept at the centering position.
Optionally, after detecting wear of the brake disc, the first brake pad and the second brake disc, the method further comprises:
acquiring a relative displacement absolute value L3 between the caliper body and the caliper body bracket in a braking state;
after a stopping braking signal is obtained, obtaining the relative displacement between the clamp body and the clamp body bracket when the clamp body is stopped;
judging whether the relative displacement is equal to L3- (L1+L2)/2; if not, the clamp centering device drives the clamp to move and keep at the centering position.
According to the brake caliper of the embodiment of the application, after stopping braking and a brake pedal is released (when a stop braking signal is acquired), the caliper body centering device keeps the caliper body in a centered position to restrict the first brake pad and the second brake pad to a brake release position (a first interval between the first brake pad and the brake disc is equal to a second interval between the second brake pad and the brake disc). Therefore, the brake caliper disclosed by the application can not only enable the first brake pad and the second brake pad to actively return, but also control the movement of the caliper body through the caliper body centering device according to the relative displacement of the caliper body and the caliper body support, so that the caliper body always returns to the centering position after braking is finished, the first brake pad and the second brake pad have enough space to actively return, the gap between the two side surfaces of the brake disc and the two brake pads is further ensured to be the same, the caliper dragging moment reaches the optimal state, zero dragging in the true sense is realized, the vehicle running resistance is reduced, the oil consumption is reduced, and the brake caliper is particularly greatly helpful for reducing the electricity consumption and increasing the cruising duration of a new energy vehicle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a brake caliper provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a brake caliper provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the installation of a second brake pad return device of a brake caliper according to one embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a braking system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals in the specification are as follows:
100. a brake pedal; 200. a brake light switch; 300. a brake master cylinder; 400. an electric control unit; 500. an electronic stability program control system; 600. a brake caliper; 700. a booster device; 800. and (3) a switch.
1. A clamp body; 101. a cylinder; 102. a claw; 2. a clamp body bracket; 3. a distance measuring device; 4. the clamp body centering device; 401. a magnet; 402. an electromagnetic coil; 5. a brake disc; 6. a first brake pad; 7. a second brake pad; 8. a piston; 9. a seal ring; 10a first return reed; 10b, a second return reed; 10c, a third return reed; 10d, a fourth return reed.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects solved by the application more clear, the application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
As shown in fig. 5, the braking system provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a brake pedal 100, a brake lamp switch 200, a brake master cylinder 300, an electronic control unit 400, an electronic stability program control system 500 and a brake caliper 600. The brake pedal 100 is connected to the master cylinder 300, and the master cylinder 300 is connected to the brake caliper through the electronic stability program control system 500. The electronic control unit 400 is electrically connected with the brake lamp switch 200 and the electronic stability program control system 500, respectively. The electronic control unit 400 determines whether the brake pedal 100 is depressed or released according to the read switching signal of the brake lamp switch 200 and the master cylinder pressure signal of the electronic stability program control system 500 to recognize the driver's intention of braking.
The brake system further includes a booster 700, and the booster 700 is connected between the master cylinder 300 and the brake pedal 100 to provide boosting during braking.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a brake caliper 600 provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a caliper body 1, a caliper body bracket 2, a caliper body centering device 4, a first brake pad 6 and a second brake pad 7, where the caliper body 1 and the caliper body bracket 2 are relatively slidably disposed.
After stopping braking and the brake pedal is released (after acquiring a stop braking signal), the caliper body centering device 4 keeps the caliper body 1 in a centered position to restrict the first and second brake pads 6 and 7 to a brake release position; wherein, in the brake release position of the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7, a first distance between the first brake pad 6 and the brake disc 5 is equal to a second distance between the second brake pad 7 and the brake disc 5.
Typically, the brake caliper 600 further comprises a first brake pad return means, a second brake pad return means, a piston 8 and a sealing ring 9, said piston 9 being slidably arranged in a cylinder 101 formed in said caliper 1.
The sealing ring 9 is arranged between the outer wall of the piston 8 and the inner wall of the cylinder 101. Preferably, a sealing groove is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder 101, which is located radially outside the piston 9, and the sealing ring 9 is placed in the sealing groove. The seal ring 9 is a generally rectangular seal ring.
The brake disc 5 is arranged between the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7, the caliper body 1 is slidably connected to the caliper body bracket 2 through a pin shaft, the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7 are slidably connected to the caliper body 1, and the piston 8 is used for pushing the first brake pad 6 to move towards the direction approaching to the brake disc 5; the first brake block return device is connected between the first brake block 6 and the caliper body bracket 2, and the second brake block return device is connected between the second brake block 7 and the caliper body bracket 2.
The inside of the pliers body 1 is provided with a chute for the first brake block 6 and the second brake block 7 to slide. The maximum inward position of the first brake pad 6 is defined by the piston 8, i.e. the first brake pad 6 cannot move further inward when it contacts the piston 8. The maximum outward position of the second brake pad 7 is defined by the jaw 102 on the caliper body 1, i.e. the second brake pad 7 cannot be moved further outwards when it contacts the jaw 102.
In an embodiment, the brake caliper 600 further comprises a distance measuring device 3 for detecting the relative displacement of the caliper body 1 and the caliper body bracket 2. The distance measuring device 3 may be, for example, a displacement sensor mounted on the jaw body support 2. Such as proximity sensors, photoelectric sensors, infrared sensors, and the like. The distance measuring device 3 detects the relative displacement of the clamp body 1 and the clamp body bracket 2 in real time.
When the brake pedal 100 is depressed, the piston 8 pushes the first brake pad 6 to move in a direction approaching the brake disc 5 by the hydraulic oil flowing into the cylinder 101 and presses the seal ring 9, so that the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7 clamp the brake disc 5 from both sides, and friction torque is generated to brake.
After stopping braking and releasing the brake pedal 100, the piston 8 returns under the action of the deformation restoring force of the sealing ring 9, the first brake pad 6 returns under the driving of the first brake pad returning device, and the second brake pad 7 returns under the driving of the second brake pad returning device and drives the caliper body 1 to move towards the central position.
The distance measuring device 3 acquires the relative displacement between the clamp body 1 and the clamp body bracket 2 when the clamp body 1 is stopped, and judges whether the relative displacement is equal to the relative displacement between the clamp body 1 and the clamp body bracket 2 when the clamp body 1 is kept at the central position; if not, the clamp centering device 4 drives the clamp 1 to move and keeps the clamp 1 in the centering position. If so, the clamp centering device 4 does not operate.
In one embodiment, the first brake pad return device includes a first return spring 10a and a second return spring 10b, the first return spring 10a is connected between the first side of the caliper body bracket 2 and the first side of the first brake pad 6, and the second return spring 10b is connected between the second side of the caliper body bracket 2 and the second side of the first brake pad 6; when the first brake pad 6 moves in a direction approaching the brake disc 5, the first return spring 10a and the second return spring 10b are stretched; after stopping the braking and releasing the brake pedal 100, the first return spring 10a and the second return spring 10b return to drive the first brake pad 6 to return. The second brake pad return device comprises a third return reed 10c and a fourth return reed 10d, the third return reed 10c is connected between the first side of the caliper body bracket 2 and the first side of the second brake pad 7, and the fourth return reed 10d is connected between the second side of the caliper body bracket 2 and the second side of the second brake pad 7; when the second brake pad 7 moves in a direction approaching the brake disc 5, the third return spring 10c and the fourth return spring 10d are stretched; after stopping the braking and releasing the brake pedal 100, the third return spring 10c and the fourth return spring 10d return to drive the second brake pad 7 to return.
In an embodiment, the clamp body centering device 4 is an electromagnetic driving device; the electromagnetic driving device comprises a magnet 401 and an electromagnetic coil 402, the magnet 401 is fixed on the caliper body 1, the electromagnetic coil 402 is fixed on the caliper body bracket 2, and when the electromagnetic coil 402 is electrified, magnetic field force is generated and acts on the magnet 401 so as to drive the caliper body 1 to move relative to the caliper body bracket 2 along the direction perpendicular to the brake disc 5. Preferably, the magnet 401 includes a base portion fixed to the caliper body 1 and a columnar portion accommodated in the electromagnetic coil 402 and movable in an axial direction of the electromagnetic coil 402. Thus, when the electromagnetic coil 402 is energized, the magnet 401 is moved in the axial direction of the electromagnetic coil 402 by the magnetic field force, thereby driving the clamp body 1 to move.
During braking, the solenoid 402 is not energized and the electromagnetic drive is not operating.
As shown in fig. 5, when four-wheel braking is implemented, the four-wheel positions are all provided with the brake calipers 600 described above, the four brake calipers 600 are respectively connected with the electronic stability program control system 500, the ranging device 3 (displacement sensor) of each brake caliper 600 is respectively connected with the electronic control unit 400 in a signal manner, each brake caliper 600 is respectively provided with the caliper body centering device 4, and the electromagnetic coils 402 of the four caliper body centering devices 4 are respectively connected with the electronic control unit 400 in a signal manner through the switch 800. The electronic control unit 400 can control the on/off of the electromagnetic coil 402 by controlling the state of the switch 800.
According to the brake caliper and the brake system of the embodiment of the application, after stopping braking and a brake pedal is released (when a stop braking signal is acquired), the caliper body centering device keeps the caliper body in a centered position to restrict the first brake pad and the second brake pad to a brake release position (a first interval between the first brake pad and the brake disc is equal to a second interval between the second brake pad and the brake disc). Therefore, the brake caliper disclosed by the application can not only enable the first brake pad and the second brake pad to actively return, but also control the movement of the caliper body through the caliper body centering device according to the relative displacement of the caliper body and the caliper body support, so that the caliper body always returns to the centering position after braking is finished, the first brake pad and the second brake pad have enough space to actively return, the gap between the two side surfaces of the brake disc and the two brake pads is further ensured to be the same, the caliper dragging moment reaches the optimal state, zero dragging in the true sense is realized, the vehicle running resistance is reduced, the oil consumption is reduced, and the brake caliper is particularly greatly helpful for reducing the electricity consumption and increasing the cruising duration of a new energy vehicle.
In addition, the embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle including the brake caliper 600 of the above embodiment.
In addition, referring to fig. 5, an embodiment of the present application further provides a brake control method, including:
acquiring a stop brake signal (when a stop brake is detected and the brake pedal 100 is released), and controlling the caliper body 1 to be held at a centered position to restrict the first and second brake pads 6 and 7 to a brake release position; wherein, in the brake release position of the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7, a first distance between the first brake pad 6 and the brake disc 5 is equal to a second distance between the second brake pad 7 and the brake disc 5.
In one embodiment, the logic for determining that the brake pedal 100 is depressed is:
when the electronic control unit 400 detects the off signal (the brake light is turned on) of the brake light switch 200 and the electronic control unit 400 reads that the master cylinder pressure obtained by the electronic stability program control system 500 reaches a certain value (for example, 10 bar), it is determined that the brake pedal 100 is depressed, and a brake request is input.
In one embodiment, the logic for determining that the brake pedal 100 is released is:
when the electronic control unit 400 detects the closing signal of the brake lamp switch 200 (the brake lamp is turned off) and the electronic control unit 400 reads that the master cylinder pressure obtained by the electronic stability program control system 500 is 0, it is determined that the brake pedal 100 is released and the present braking is completed.
In an embodiment, acquiring the stop brake signal, controlling the caliper body 1 to maintain in the centered position to limit the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7 to the brake release position, includes:
after the stop braking signal is obtained, the relative displacement between the clamp body 1 and the clamp body bracket 2 when stopping is obtained.
Judging whether the relative displacement is equal to the relative displacement between the clamp body 1 and the clamp body bracket 2 when the clamp body is kept at the central position; if not, the clamp centering device 4 drives the clamp 1 to move and keeps the clamp 1 in the centering position.
In one embodiment, before the brake disc 5, the first brake pad 6 and the second brake disc 7 are not worn (e.g. new loading), the step of calibrating the centering relative displacement is further included:
before the brake disc 5, the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7 are not worn (before the vehicle is taken off line or before being put into use, etc.), the method further comprises the step of calibrating the relative displacement of the caliper body 1 and the caliper body bracket 2 when the caliper body is kept in the centered position:
when the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7 are at the initial positions, the caliper body 1 is controlled to move towards the direction that the piston 8 is far away from the brake disc 5 until the second brake pad 7 is attached to the brake disc 5, and the absolute value L1 of the relative displacement of the caliper body 1 and the caliper body bracket 2 at the moment is detected.
When the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7 are at the initial positions, the caliper body 1 is controlled to move in the direction that the piston 8 approaches the brake disc 5 until the brake disc 5 is attached to the first brake pad 6, and the absolute value L2 of the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body bracket 2 at that time is detected.
The relative displacement (L1+L2)/2 of the caliper body 1 is controlled to move away from the brake disc 5 to enable the caliper body 1 to return to the centering position, and the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body bracket 2 is calibrated to be 0 when the caliper body 1 is kept at the centering position.
In one embodiment, after detecting wear of the brake disc 5, the first brake pad 6 and the second brake disc 7, the method further comprises:
the brake pedal 100 is depressed to brake, and the absolute value L3 of the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body bracket 2 in the braked state is obtained.
After the stop braking signal is obtained, the relative displacement between the clamp body 1 and the clamp body bracket 2 when stopping is obtained.
Judging whether the relative displacement is equal to L3- (L1+L2)/2; if not, the clamp centering device 4 drives the clamp 1 to move and maintain the clamp in the centering position.
The method for detecting the abrasion of the brake disc 5, the first brake pad 6 and the second brake disc 7 comprises the following steps:
from the brake released state to the brake state, when the distance traveled by the caliper body 1 is not equal to (l1+l2)/2, it is determined that one or more of the brake disc 5, the first brake pad 6, and the second brake disc 7 is worn.
After the stop braking signal is obtained, when the relative displacement of the clamp body 1 and the clamp body bracket 2 is obtained when the clamp body 1 is stopped and is larger than the relative displacement of the clamp body 1 and the clamp body bracket 2 when the clamp body 1 is kept at the central position, the clamp body 1 is located on the inner side (the side where the first brake pad 6 is located) of the central position currently, at this time, the electromagnetic coil 402 is electrified positively, and the clamp body 1 moves outwards until returning to the central position. After the stop brake signal is obtained, the relative displacement of the caliper body 1 with respect to the caliper body bracket 2 is obtained when the caliper body 1 is stopped and smaller than the relative displacement of the caliper body 1 with respect to the caliper body bracket 2 when the caliper body 1 is kept at the center position, which indicates that the caliper body 1 is currently located on the outer side of the center position (the side on which the second brake pad 7 is located), at which time the electromagnetic coil 402 is reversely energized, and the caliper body 1 moves inward until returning to the center position.
When the brake disc 5, the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7 are not worn, the relative displacement between the caliper body 1 and the caliper body bracket 2 is 0 when the caliper body is kept at the center position. At this time, after the stop braking signal is obtained, when the relative displacement between the clamp body 1 and the clamp body bracket 2 is greater than 0, it indicates that the clamp body 1 is currently located at the inner side of the central position, at this time, the electromagnetic coil 402 is electrified positively, and the clamp body 1 moves outwards until returning to the central position. After the stop braking signal is obtained, when the relative displacement between the clamp body 1 and the clamp body bracket 2 is less than 0 when the clamp body 1 is stopped, the clamp body 1 is positioned at the outer side of the central position currently, at this time, the electromagnetic coil 402 is reversely electrified, and the clamp body 1 moves inwards until the clamp body returns to the central position.
In the case of wear of the brake disc 5, the first brake pad 6 and the second brake pad 7, the relative displacement with respect to the caliper body bracket 2 when the caliper body 1 is held in the centered position is L3- (l1+l2)/2. At this time, after the stop braking signal is obtained, when the relative displacement between the clamp body 1 and the clamp body bracket 2 is greater than L3- (l1+l2)/2, it indicates that the clamp body 1 is currently located at the inner side of the center position, at this time, the electromagnetic coil 402 is positively energized, and the clamp body 1 moves outwards until returning to the center position. After the stop braking signal is obtained, when the relative displacement between the clamp body 1 and the clamp body bracket 2 is less than L3- (L1+L2)/2 when the clamp body 1 is stopped, the clamp body 1 is positioned at the outer side of the central position currently, and at the moment, the electromagnetic coil 402 is electrified reversely, so that the clamp body 1 moves inwards until the clamp body returns to the central position.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the application.
Claims (9)
1. The brake caliper is characterized by comprising a caliper body, a caliper body support, a caliper body centering device, a first brake pad, a second brake pad, a first brake pad return device and a second brake pad return device, wherein the caliper body and the caliper body support are arranged in a sliding manner relatively, the first brake pad return device is connected between the first brake pad and the caliper body support, and the second brake pad return device is connected between the second brake pad and the caliper body support;
after stopping braking and releasing a brake pedal, the first brake block returns under the drive of the first brake block return device, the second brake block returns under the drive of the second brake block return device and drives the caliper body to move towards a centering position, and the caliper body centering device can drive the caliper body to move and keep the caliper body at the centering position so as to limit the first brake block and the second brake block at a braking release position; wherein, in the brake release positions of the first brake pad and the second brake pad, a first interval between the first brake pad and the brake disc is equal to a second interval between the second brake pad and the brake disc;
the clamp body centering device is an electromagnetic driving device;
the electromagnetic driving device comprises a magnet and an electromagnetic coil, the magnet is fixed on the caliper body, the electromagnetic coil is fixed on the caliper body bracket, and when the electromagnetic coil is electrified, magnetic field force is generated and acts on the magnet so as to drive the caliper body to move along the direction perpendicular to the brake disc relative to the caliper body bracket;
the method for calibrating the relative displacement between the clamp body and the clamp body bracket when the clamp body is kept in the centering position before the brake disc, the first brake plate and the second brake plate are not worn comprises the following steps:
when the first brake block and the second brake block are at initial positions, controlling the caliper body to move towards the direction that the piston is far away from the brake disc until the second brake block is attached to the brake disc, and detecting the relative displacement absolute value L1 of the caliper body and the caliper body bracket at the moment;
when the first brake block and the second brake block are at initial positions, the caliper body is controlled to move towards the direction that the piston is close to the brake disc until the first brake block is attached to the brake disc, and the absolute value L2 of the relative displacement of the caliper body and the caliper body bracket at the moment is detected;
and controlling the relative displacement (L1+L2)/2 of the clamp body to move towards the direction of the piston away from the brake disc, so that the clamp body returns to the centering position, and calibrating the relative displacement between the clamp body and the clamp body bracket to be 0 when the clamp body is kept at the centering position.
2. Brake calliper according to claim 1, wherein the brake calliper further comprises distance measuring means for detecting the relative displacement of the calliper body and calliper body support.
3. Brake calliper according to claim 2, wherein the distance measuring device is a displacement sensor mounted on the calliper body support.
4. Brake calliper according to claim 1, wherein the magnet comprises a base part fixed to the calliper body and a cylindrical part housed in the electromagnetic coil and movable in the axial direction of the latter.
5. Brake system, comprising a brake caliper according to any of the claims 1-4.
6. A vehicle comprising a brake caliper according to any one of claims 1-4.
7. A brake control method characterized by comprising:
acquiring a stopping braking signal, controlling a first brake pad return device to drive a first brake pad to return, controlling a second brake pad return device to drive a second brake pad to return and drive a clamp body to move towards a centering position, and controlling a clamp body centering device to drive the clamp body to move and enable the clamp body to be kept at the centering position so as to limit the first brake pad and the second brake pad to a braking release position; wherein, in the brake release positions of the first brake pad and the second brake pad, a first interval between the first brake pad and the brake disc is equal to a second interval between the second brake pad and the brake disc;
the clamp body centering device is an electromagnetic driving device;
the electromagnetic driving device comprises a magnet and an electromagnetic coil, the magnet is fixed on the caliper body, the electromagnetic coil is fixed on the caliper body bracket, and when the electromagnetic coil is electrified, magnetic field force is generated and acts on the magnet so as to drive the caliper body to move along the direction perpendicular to the brake disc relative to the caliper body bracket;
before the brake disc, the first brake pad and the second brake pad are not worn, the method further comprises the step of calibrating the relative displacement between the clamp body and the clamp body bracket when the clamp body is kept at the center position:
when the first brake block and the second brake block are at initial positions, controlling the caliper body to move towards the direction that the piston is far away from the brake disc until the second brake block is attached to the brake disc, and detecting the relative displacement absolute value L1 of the caliper body and the caliper body bracket at the moment;
when the first brake block and the second brake block are at initial positions, the caliper body is controlled to move towards the direction that the piston is close to the brake disc until the first brake block is attached to the brake disc, and the absolute value L2 of the relative displacement of the caliper body and the caliper body bracket at the moment is detected;
and controlling the relative displacement (L1+L2)/2 of the clamp body to move towards the direction of the piston away from the brake disc, so that the clamp body returns to the centering position, and calibrating the relative displacement between the clamp body and the clamp body bracket to be 0 when the clamp body is kept at the centering position.
8. The brake control method according to claim 7, wherein acquiring a stop brake signal to control the caliper body to remain in the centered position to restrict the first and second brake pads to the brake release position, comprises:
after a stopping braking signal is obtained, obtaining the relative displacement between the clamp body and the clamp body bracket when the clamp body is stopped;
judging whether the relative displacement is equal to the relative displacement between the clamp body and the clamp body bracket when the clamp body is kept at the central position; if not, the clamp body centering device drives the clamp body to move and keeps the clamp body in a centering position.
9. The brake control method according to claim 7, characterized by further comprising, after detecting wear of the brake disc, the first brake pad, and the second brake disc:
acquiring a relative displacement absolute value L3 between the caliper body and the caliper body bracket in a braking state;
after a stopping braking signal is obtained, obtaining the relative displacement between the clamp body and the clamp body bracket when the clamp body is stopped;
judging whether the relative displacement is equal to L3- (L1+L2)/2; if not, the clamp centering device drives the clamp to move and keep at the centering position.
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| CN202010475891.1A CN113734109B (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | Brake caliper, brake system, vehicle and brake control method |
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| CN202010475891.1A CN113734109B (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | Brake caliper, brake system, vehicle and brake control method |
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