CN113732429A - Ultra-large cold plate vacuum brazing method and tool for vacuum brazing - Google Patents
Ultra-large cold plate vacuum brazing method and tool for vacuum brazing Download PDFInfo
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- CN113732429A CN113732429A CN202111143128.XA CN202111143128A CN113732429A CN 113732429 A CN113732429 A CN 113732429A CN 202111143128 A CN202111143128 A CN 202111143128A CN 113732429 A CN113732429 A CN 113732429A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
- B23K3/087—Soldering or brazing jigs, fixtures or clamping means
Abstract
The invention provides an ultra-large cold plate vacuum brazing method and a tool for vacuum brazing. The invention utilizes the existing vacuum equipment to weld the ultra-large cold plate, and the brazing is carried out according to the route of furnace temperature → 360 ℃ → 470 → 530 ℃ → 570 → 615 → 608 → 603 ℃. The brazing tool adopted by the invention reduces the assembly difficulty of the ultra-large cold plate and improves the welding quality of the large-area cold plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a brazing assembly tool and a vacuum brazing method for a cold plate, in particular to an assembly method and a tool for an ultra-large cold plate.
Background
The cold plate is mainly used for heat transfer of radar array surface electronic components, the radar system is high in manufacturing cost, the requirement on the reliability of the cold plate is very high, the cold plate (made of aluminum alloy) is large in overall dimension, the length is larger than 2000mm, the width is larger than 900mm, the thickness is larger than 50mm, the cold part flow channel structure is complex, the welding quality requirement is high, ultrasonic detection after welding meets the requirements of QJ2844-1996 aluminum and aluminum alloy brazing technical conditions, and a false welding area in detection cannot penetrate through the flow channel. Brazing of large area cold plates is prone to cold joint, especially cold plates of this size have been a welding problem in the industry.
As shown in fig. 4, a common-size cold plate assembly method generally uses stainless steel plates (an upper stainless steel plate and a lower stainless steel plate) as a brazing fixture, a spring, a single-layer upper padding plate, a cold plate, and a single-layer lower padding plate are arranged between the upper stainless steel plate and the lower stainless steel plate, and finally, a plurality of screws penetrate through the upper stainless steel plate and the lower stainless steel plate to compress the cold plate from the upper direction and the lower direction, but the size of the radar front face electronic component cold plate is large, and if the common-size cold plate assembly method is adopted, the following problems will be caused:
(1) the weight of the whole tool is greatly increased (the weight of the upper and lower integral solid stainless steel plates with the thickness of 25mm is about 2.5 t);
(2) the weight of the upper stainless steel plate and the lower stainless steel plate can increase the difficulty of assembly and furnace entering, and even the production can not be carried out;
(3) the flatness of the large-area stainless steel plate is difficult to ensure, which can directly influence the welding quality of the ultra-large cold plate;
(4) the whole stainless steel plate is used as a brazing assembly fixture, so that the heat consumption of the fixture in the welding process can be greatly increased, and the production cost of the product is directly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultra-large cold plate vacuum brazing method and a tool for vacuum brazing, and solves the problems that the tool is heavy in weight, difficult to charge, incapable of guaranteeing large-area flatness, overlarge in energy consumption and the like in the conventional assembling tool and the vacuum brazing method.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a tool for vacuum brazing of an ultra-large cold plate comprises,
the upper square pipe is a steel pipe with a hollow rectangular cross section, and a plurality of upper pipes are sequentially arranged in parallel in a plane parallel to the upper surface of the ultra-large cold plate;
the upper base plate is an integral flat plate and is positioned below the upper pipe;
the middle base plate is an integral flat plate, and the lower end surface of the middle base plate is tightly attached to the upper surface of the ultra-large cold plate;
the upper end of the elastic device is tightly attached to the lower end face of the upper backing plate, the lower end of the elastic device is tightly attached to the upper end face of the middle backing plate, and the elastic device generates deformation and acting force in the direction vertical to the upper surface of the ultra-large cold plate;
the lower pipe is a steel pipe with a hollow rectangular cross section, and a plurality of lower pipes are sequentially arranged in parallel in a plane parallel to the lower surface of the ultra-large cold plate;
and the lower base plate is an integral flat plate and is positioned above the lower pipe, and the upper end surface of the lower base plate is tightly attached to the lower surface of the ultra-large cold plate.
Alternatively, the tool for vacuum brazing of the ultra-large cold plate further comprises upper graphite paper, and the upper graphite paper is located between the lower end face of the middle backing plate and the upper surface of the ultra-large cold plate.
Alternatively, the tool for vacuum brazing of the ultra-large cold plate further comprises lower graphite paper, and the lower graphite paper is located between the upper end face of the lower backing plate and the lower surface of the ultra-large cold plate.
Alternatively, the vertical projection of the ultra-large cold plate on the lower end surface of the upper pipe is positioned in the lower end surface area of the upper pipe; the vertical projection of the ultra-large cold plate on the upper end surface of the lower pipe is positioned in the upper end surface area of the lower pipe.
Alternatively, the elastic device is a plurality of mutually independent and identical cylindrical springs which are arranged in parallel and at equal intervals, and the axis of the cylindrical springs is vertical to the upper surface of the ultra-large cold plate.
As an option, the tool for the vacuum brazing of the ultra-large cold plate further comprises a screw, an upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate, wherein,
the upper clamping plates are arranged above the upper square pipe at intervals;
the lower clamping plates are arranged below the lower pipe at intervals;
the plurality of screws penetrate through the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate, and locking nuts are arranged at two ends of each screw respectively.
As an option, in the tool for the vacuum brazing of the ultra-large cold plate,
the middle base plates are sequentially spliced in a plane parallel to the upper surface of the ultra-large cold plate, namely, the small middle base plates are spliced one by one to form a large plane for contacting with the upper surface of the ultra-large cold plate;
the middle cushion plate can also be provided with a plurality of layers, when the thickness of the middle cushion plate is smaller, in order to avoid pressing marks on the upper surface of the ultra-large cold plate, the plurality of layers of middle cushion plates can be stacked in the direction vertical to the upper surface of the ultra-large cold plate, each layer of middle cushion plate is formed by splicing a plurality of small-sized middle cushion plates, and splicing seams can be staggered among the layers;
the upper backing plates are sequentially spliced in a plane parallel to the upper surface of the ultra-large cold plate, namely, the upper backing plates with small sizes are spliced one by one to form a large plane;
the upper backing plate can be provided with a plurality of layers, and the plurality of layers of upper backing plates are stacked along the direction vertical to the upper surface of the ultra-large cold plate;
the lower backing plates are sequentially spliced in a plane parallel to the lower surface of the ultra-large cold plate, namely, the lower backing plates with small sizes are spliced one by one to form a large plane;
the lower backing plate can be provided with a plurality of layers, and the plurality of layers of lower backing plates are stacked along the direction vertical to the lower surface of the ultra-large cold plate.
As an option, in the tool for the vacuum brazing of the ultra-large cold plate,
the upper pipes are parallel to the length or width direction of the ultra-large cold plate, and a gap is formed between every two adjacent upper pipes or the upper pipes are tightly attached to each other;
many the lower side pipe is on a parallel with the length or width direction of super large-scale cold plate, has the interval clearance between two adjacent lower side pipes or hugs closely each other.
Alternatively, the upper pipe and the lower pipe are steel pipes with completely consistent cross-sectional dimensions and cavity dimensions, but when the uniformity of the temperature field of the ultra-large cold plate is poor (for example, the temperature of the middle position of the ultra-large cold plate exceeds the temperature of the two end positions), the cross-sectional dimensions (usually, the width or the length of the upper pipe and the lower pipe is changed, but the height is kept unchanged) or the cavity dimensions (the shape or the size of the cavity cross-section) of the upper pipe and the lower pipe at the middle position can be changed, so that the temperature difference between the middle position and the two end positions of the ultra-large cold plate is reduced, and the principle is to change the distribution density of metal materials and air (cavities) in the cross-section of the upper pipe (the lower pipe) and change the heat conduction efficiency. For example, the heat dissipation at the two ends of the ultra-large cold plate is faster, the temperature is lower relative to the middle position, and at this time, the density of the metal material at the two ends of the upper tube (lower tube) can be reduced, and the density of the air (cavity) can be increased, so that the temperature uniformity of the ultra-large cold plate can be changed.
A vacuum brazing method for ultra-large cold plates comprises clamping the ultra-large cold plates and heating and cooling in a vacuum furnace,
the clamping of the ultra-large cold plate adopts the fixture for vacuum brazing and then is integrally placed into a vacuum furnace;
the temperature rise and decrease in the vacuum furnace are performed in such a manner that the furnace temperature → 360 ℃ → 470 ℃ → 530 ℃ → 570 ℃ → 615 → 608 → 603 ℃.
Alternatively, the requirements of each heating and cooling stage include:
(1) raising the temperature for 30min at the stage of furnace temperature → 360 ℃; incubation time at 360 ℃: 60-90 min, vacuum degree: > 2.0X 10-2；
(2) Temperature rise 2 in stage 360 ℃→ 470 ℃0 min; incubation time at 470 ℃: 120-150 min, vacuum degree: greater than 7.5X 10-3；
(3) Heating for 20min at 470 ℃→ 530 ℃; incubation time at 530 ℃: 120-150 min, vacuum degree: > 6.7X 10-3；
(4) Heating for 20min at 530 ℃→ 570 ℃; incubation time at 570 ℃: 170-190 min, vacuum degree: > 5.7X 10-3(ii) a The minimum temperature of the ultra-large cold plate is not lower than 555 ℃;
(5) heating at 570 ℃→ 615 ℃ for 30 min; incubation time at 615 ℃: 35-40 min; the minimum temperature of the ultra-large cold plate reaches 582 ℃, and the maximum temperature does not exceed 600 ℃;
(6) cooling for 5min at the stage of 615 ℃→ 608 ℃; incubation time at 608 ℃: 25-30 min; the minimum temperature of the ultra-large cold plate reaches 590 ℃, and the maximum temperature does not exceed 600 ℃;
(7) cooling for 5min in a stage of 608 ℃ -603 ℃; incubation time at 603 ℃: 20-25 min; the minimum temperature of the ultra-large cold plate reaches 593 ℃, and then the power can be cut off and the temperature can be reduced.
The invention successfully realizes the vacuum brazing of the large-size (the length is more than 2000mm, the width is more than 900mm and the thickness is more than 50mm) cold plate for the radar array surface electronic component, reduces the production difficulty of the large-size cold plate, improves the welding quality of the product and realizes the production of the ultra-large cold plate.
Compared with the prior art, the vacuum brazing method and the vacuum brazing tool have the following characteristics:
(1) the long square steel pipe (the cavity steel pipe with the rectangular section comprises an upper square pipe and a lower square pipe) replaces the traditional whole steel plate, so that the weight of the tool is greatly reduced, and the difficulty of assembly and furnace entering is reduced;
(2) the stress release points in the welding process are increased by splicing the plurality of square steel tubes (the upper square tube is formed by splicing the plurality of square tubes, and the lower square tube is formed by splicing the plurality of square tubes), so that the post-welding deformation of the ultra-large cold plate is reduced, the post-welding correction difficulty is reduced, no connecting piece is constrained on the splicing surfaces among the plurality of upper square tubes (or the plurality of lower square tubes), and the surfaces are spliced in a face-to-face manner;
(3) the problem of large-area flatness is solved by using a plurality of layers of base plates (an upper base plate, a middle base plate and a lower base plate are stacked in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface or the lower surface of the ultra-large cold plate, and each layer of base plate is formed by splicing a plurality of small-sized plates), if a whole base plate (large flatness) is adopted, partial area pressure is uneven, the span of a single-layer spliced base plate is small, the flatness is relatively uniform, the splicing of each layer of base plate increases the stress release of the ultra-large cold plate and a tool in the welding process, when the multi-layer base plate mode is adopted, the gaps among layers can be conveniently released, the surface friction force among the layers is more uniform, and the layers cannot be concentrated in a certain specific direction;
(4) the friction between the ultra-large cold plate and the base plate is reduced by using the multilayer graphite paper, so that the deformation stress in the welding process of the ultra-large cold plate is released, and the welding deformation of the product is finally reduced;
(5) the square steel with the cavity absorbs heat greatly less than a whole solid steel plate, the heat loss in the whole process is reduced, the brazing time is shortened, and the production cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the ultra-large cold plate in the width direction when the ultra-large cold plate is assembled with the tooling of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the length direction of an ultra-large cold plate when the ultra-large cold plate is assembled with a tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a brazing process route according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a conventional common size cold plate assembly tool;
in the figure: 1. the elastic device comprises an elastic device, 2 parts of an upper square tube, 3 parts of an upper clamping plate, 4 parts of a lower square tube, 5 parts of a lower clamping plate, 6 parts of a screw rod, 7 parts of a lower backing plate, 8 parts of an upper backing plate, 9 parts of lower graphite paper, 10 parts of a middle backing plate and 12 parts of upper graphite paper.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings attached to the specification, but the scope of the claims of the present invention is not limited to the contents listed in the examples.
In this embodiment, an ultra-large cold plate with dimensions of 2489 × 950 × 60mm is taken as an example to describe the vacuum brazing method and the vacuum brazing tool in detail.
The frock of brazing for vacuum brazing frock from the top down in this embodiment is last cardboard 3 in proper order, top pipe 2, 1 layer of upper padding plate 8, resilient means 1, 2 layers of middle backing plate 10, go up graphite paper 12, graphite paper 9 down, 1 layer of lower backing plate 7, lower side pipe 4 and lower cardboard 5, resilient means 1 is formed by the combination of a plurality of independent cylinder spring, the frock is whole to pressurize, middle backing plate 10 is formed by 2 layers of backing plate concatenations, 4 layers of backing plate altogether, the backing plate is stainless steel, upper padding plate 8, middle backing plate 10 and lower backing plate 7 all adopt 3 small-size backing plate concatenations to be a whole planar big backing plate (according to the splitting of monoblock length 3 little backing plates of backing plate shown in figure 2 promptly, there is not rigid connection between little backing plate and the little backing plate, direct edge to edge concatenation). The upper surface and the lower surface of the ultra-large cold plate are respectively provided with a layer of graphite paper. Go up cardboard 3 and the both ends of cardboard 5 down and adopt screw rod 6 to connect as compact structure, reduce welding calorific loss when top pipe 2 and lower pipe 4 alleviate assembly weight, realize the assembly of extra-large-scale cold drawing. Every independent cylindrical spring independently compresses tightly the different regions of product when wholly pressurizeing, and a plurality of cylindrical spring of evenly placing can guarantee that the spring is in the state of compressing tightly when pressurized, can guarantee again that ultra-large-scale cold drawing evenly is pressurized when the welding. Graphite paper is placed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the ultra-large cold plate during assembly, so that the welding deformation of the ultra-large cold plate is reduced, and the correction difficulty is reduced. During assembly, the pressure must be finally applied by adopting a jack independent pressure application mode, the method not only solves the problem of the measuring range of the existing pressure machine, but also can ensure that each cylindrical spring is in a compression state.
As shown in fig. 4, the conventional cold plate assembly is a cold plate assembly of a common size, and the conventional common cold plate assembly is implemented by using an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate (a solid integral stainless steel plate) and a spring, and such an assembly is feasible for a small-sized cold plate, but is basically impossible for an ultra-large cold plate, because:
1. the tool is extremely heavy (the weight of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate is only 2.5t), and the clamping is difficult;
2. the tool has high heat absorption specific gravity, high energy consumption and low heating speed;
3. the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate have large areas, the flatness is difficult to ensure, and the processing cost is high;
4. the compression state of the spring is not uniform, especially the middle position of the tool.
Fig. 2 and 3 are design diagrams of the vacuum brazing tool of the present invention, the tool structure adopts a design of independent compression of springs at each part, the tool includes an elastic device 1, 960 small-sized cylindrical springs (the diameter of the steel wire of the cylindrical spring is 3mm, the number of effective turns is 4 circles, the outer diameter is 23mm, the height is 24mm), 5 upper and lower steel plates (5 upper pipes 2 and 5 lower pipes 4), 8 upper and lower clamping plates (8 upper clamping plates 3 and 8 lower clamping plates 5), 16 screws 6, 1 upper and lower backing plate (1 lower backing plate 7 and 1 upper backing plate 8), 2 middle backing plates 10, a layer of upper graphite paper 12 and a layer of lower graphite paper 9.
Wherein, top pipe 2 and lower pipe 4 are the same rectangle cross-section cavity stainless steel pipe of overall dimension, the appearance and the size of cavity are also all the same, 5 parallel inseparable range of top pipe 2 (the contact surface is hugged closely between square pipe and the side pipe, but there is not rigid connection between the two), and the lower terminal surface size (length and width) that 5 concatenation of top pipe 2 formed is greater than the size (length and width) of super large-scale cold plate, 5 parallel inseparable range of lower pipe 4, and the lower terminal surface size (length and width) that 5 concatenation of lower pipe 4 formed is greater than the size (length and width) of super large-scale cold plate.
During the assembly, screw up 16 for the screw rod 6 spanners, and cooperate the jack to exert pressure to cardboard 5 down (the jack is placed between last cardboard 3 and lower cardboard 5, through the jacking stroke of unified adjustment jack, make a plurality of distances that go up between cardboard 3 and the cardboard 5 down equal, can the atress even when screwing up the lock nut at screw rod 6 both ends, guarantee to demolish the jack after all cylinder spring evenly compress tightly, until 960 equidistant, the cylinder spring of independent distribution compresses tightly. Adopt a plurality of small-size cylinder springs independently to compress tightly in order to solve the problem that this type of ultra-large cold drawing frock welding deformation leads to all parts atress inequality of brazing process. The traditional whole stainless steel plate is split into a plurality of stainless steel units, high-temperature thermal deformation is considered, the stainless steel units are replaced by the upper pipe 2 or the lower pipe 4, the base plates (the middle base plate 10 and the lower base plate 7) are added between the ultra-large cold plates of the upper pipe 2 or the lower pipe 4, and the base plates are used for reducing the large-area flatness problem. The above-mentioned assembly mode has the following advantages:
(1) the long square steel (the cavity steel pipe with the rectangular section comprises the upper square pipe 2 and the lower square pipe 4) replaces the traditional whole steel plate, so that the weight of the tool is greatly reduced, and the difficulty of assembly and furnace entering is reduced;
(2) the stress release points in the welding process are increased by splicing the square steels (the upper square tube 2 consists of a plurality of square tubes, and the lower square tube 4 consists of a plurality of square tubes), so that the post-welding deformation of the ultra-large cold plate is reduced, and the post-welding correction difficulty is reduced;
(3) the use of the multi-layer base plate (the middle base plate 10 and the lower base plate 7 are both arranged by a plurality of integral plates in a stacking mode perpendicular to the upper surface or the lower surface of the ultra-large cold plate) makes up the problem of large-area planeness, and the splicing of each layer of base plate also increases the stress release of the ultra-large cold plate and the tool in the welding process;
(4) the friction between the ultra-large cold plate and the base plate is reduced by using the multilayer graphite paper, so that the deformation stress in the welding process of the ultra-large cold plate is released, and the welding deformation of the product is finally reduced;
(5) the square steel with the cavity absorbs heat greatly less than a whole solid steel plate, the heat loss in the whole process is reduced, the brazing time is shortened, and the production cost is reduced.
The vacuum brazing method after the ultra-large cold plate is assembled by adopting the brazing tool is designed as follows:
the temperature rising and reducing curves of the vacuum welding process are implemented according to the following routes: furnace temperature → 360 ℃ → 470 ℃ → 530 → 570 → 615 → 608 ℃ → 603 ℃ (the temperatures here are all the set furnace temperatures of the vacuum furnace), wherein the requirements of the respective temperature increasing and decreasing stages are as follows:
(1) raising the temperature for 30min in a furnace temperature (initial temperature of a vacuum furnace) → 360 ℃; incubation time at 360 ℃: 60-90 min, vacuum degree: > 2.0X 10-2；
(2) Heating for 20min in the stage of 360 ℃→ 470 ℃; incubation time at 470 ℃: 120-150 min, vacuum degree: greater than 7.5X 10-3；
(3) Heating for 20min at 470 ℃→ 530 ℃; incubation time at 530 ℃: 120-150 min, vacuum degree: > 6.7X 10-3；
(4) Heating for 20min at 530 ℃→ 570 ℃; incubation time at 570 ℃: 170-190 min, vacuum degree: > 5.7X 10-3(ii) a The minimum temperature of the ultra-large cold plate is not lower than 555 ℃;
(5) heating at 570 ℃→ 615 ℃ for 30 min; incubation time at 615 ℃: 35-40 min; the minimum temperature of the ultra-large cold plate reaches 582 ℃, and the maximum temperature does not exceed 600 ℃;
(6) cooling for 5min at the stage of 615 ℃→ 608 ℃; incubation time at 608 ℃: 25-30 min; the minimum temperature of the ultra-large cold plate reaches 590 ℃, and the maximum temperature does not exceed 600 ℃;
(7) cooling for 5min in a stage of 608 ℃ -603 ℃; incubation time at 603 ℃: 20-25 min; the minimum temperature of the ultra-large cold plate reaches 593 ℃, and then the power can be cut off and the temperature can be reduced.
The temperature increase (decrease) time in the above-mentioned (1) to (7) means a time from an initial temperature to a target temperature setting, for example, 570 ℃→ 615 ℃, and the temperature increase for 30min means a time taken from 570 ℃ to 615 ℃ for 30 min.
The holding time in the above (1) to (7) is a holding time when the set value of the temperature of the vacuum furnace and the upper (lower) limit temperature value of the measured temperature of the ultra-large cold plate are satisfied at the same time, and for example, the holding time is 608 degrees centigrade: the temperature of the vacuum furnace is kept at 608 ℃, the lowest temperature of the ultra-large cold plate reaches 590 ℃, and the highest temperature does not exceed 600 ℃ for the heat preservation time.
The ultra-large cold plate (with the external dimension of 2489x in length, 950x in width and 60mm in height) is successfully welded at one time by adopting the tool assembly and vacuum heating and cooling routes, and 3 pieces of continuous welding are subjected to ultrasonic detection and pressure detection, so that the case that the ultra-large cold plate is successfully welded at one size in China and even the first family in Asia is formed. According to the invention, the traditional integral steel plate and the backing plate are split into a plurality of spliced steel pipes and a plurality of spliced backing plates (the backing plates can be also in a multilayer mode), so that the weight of the tool is reduced, the stress release points are increased, and the welding deformation is reduced.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any variations, modifications, or equivalent substitutions made on the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a super large-scale cold plate frock for vacuum brazing which characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
the upper square pipe (2) is a steel pipe with a hollow rectangular cross section, and a plurality of upper square pipes (2) are sequentially arranged in parallel in a plane parallel to the upper surface of the ultra-large cold plate;
the upper backing plate (8), the said upper backing plate (8) is a whole flat plate, and locate under the said upper square tube (2);
the middle base plate (10), the middle base plate (10) is an integral flat plate, and the lower end surface of the middle base plate (10) is tightly attached to the upper surface of the ultra-large cold plate;
the upper end of the elastic device (1) is tightly attached to the lower end face of the upper base plate (8), the lower end of the elastic device (1) is tightly attached to the upper end face of the middle base plate (10), and the elastic device (1) generates deformation and acting force in the direction vertical to the upper surface of the ultra-large cold plate;
the lower pipe (4) is a steel pipe with a hollow rectangular cross section, and a plurality of lower pipes (4) are sequentially arranged in parallel in a plane parallel to the lower surface of the ultra-large cold plate;
the lower padding plate (7) is an integral flat plate and is positioned above the lower pipe (4), and the upper end face of the lower padding plate (7) is tightly attached to the lower surface of the ultra-large cold plate.
2. The tooling for the vacuum brazing of the ultra-large cold plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cold plate cooling device is characterized by further comprising upper graphite paper (12), wherein the upper graphite paper (12) is located between the lower end face of the middle backing plate (10) and the upper surface of the ultra-large cold plate.
3. The tooling for the vacuum brazing of the ultra-large cold plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ultra-large cold plate cooling device is characterized by further comprising lower graphite paper (9), wherein the lower graphite paper (9) is located between the upper end face of the lower backing plate (7) and the lower surface of the ultra-large cold plate.
4. The tooling for the vacuum brazing of the ultra-large cold plate according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the vertical projection of the ultra-large cold plate on the lower end surface of the upper square tube (2) is positioned in the lower end surface area of the upper square tube (2);
the vertical projection of the ultra-large cold plate on the upper end surface of the lower tube (4) is positioned in the upper end surface area of the lower tube (4).
5. The tooling for the vacuum brazing of the ultra-large cold plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the elastic device (1) is composed of a plurality of mutually independent and identical cylindrical springs which are arranged in parallel at equal intervals and the axis of the cylindrical springs is vertical to the upper surface of the ultra-large cold plate.
6. The tooling for the vacuum brazing of the ultra-large cold plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: also comprises a screw rod (6), an upper clamping plate (3) and a lower clamping plate (5), wherein,
the upper clamping plates (3) are arranged above the upper square pipe (2) at intervals;
the lower clamping plates (5) are arranged below the lower pipe (4) at intervals;
the screw rods (6) penetrate through the upper clamping plate (3) and the lower clamping plate (5), and locking nuts are arranged at two ends of each screw rod (6).
7. The tooling for the vacuum brazing of the ultra-large cold plate according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the middle backing plate (10) is provided with a plurality of middle backing plates (10), and the plurality of middle backing plates (10) are sequentially spliced in a plane parallel to the upper surface of the ultra-large cold plate.
8. The tooling for the vacuum brazing of the ultra-large cold plate according to claim 7, characterized in that:
the upper square pipes (2) are parallel to the length or width direction of the ultra-large cold plate, and a gap is formed between every two adjacent upper square pipes (2) or the upper square pipes are tightly attached to each other;
many lower side pipe (4) are on a parallel with the length or width direction of ultra-large cold plate, have the interval clearance between two adjacent lower side pipe (4) or hug closely each other.
9. A method for vacuum brazing of an ultra-large cold plate is characterized in that: comprises the clamping of an ultra-large cold plate and the heating and cooling in a vacuum furnace,
the clamping of the ultra-large cold plate adopts the tool for vacuum brazing as claimed in claim 1 and then the whole is placed into a vacuum furnace;
the temperature rise and decrease in the vacuum furnace are performed in such a manner that the furnace temperature → 360 ℃ → 470 ℃ → 530 ℃ → 570 ℃ → 615 → 608 → 603 ℃.
10. The brazing method for the ultra-large cold plate according to claim 9, wherein: the requirements of each temperature rising and reducing stage comprise:
(1) raising the temperature for 30min at the stage of furnace temperature → 360 ℃; incubation time at 360 ℃: 60-90 min, vacuum degree: > 2.0X 10-2；
(2) Heating for 20min in the stage of 360 ℃→ 470 ℃; incubation time at 470 ℃: 120-150 min, vacuum degree: greater than 7.5X 10-3；
(3) Heating for 20min at 470 ℃→ 530 ℃; incubation time at 530 ℃: 120-150 min, vacuum degree: > 6.7X 10-3；
(4) Heating for 20min at 530 ℃→ 570 ℃; incubation time at 570 ℃: 170-190 min, vacuum degree: > 5.7X 10-3(ii) a The minimum temperature of the ultra-large cold plate is not lower than 555 ℃;
(5) heating at 570 ℃→ 615 ℃ for 30 min; incubation time at 615 ℃: 35-40 min; the minimum temperature of the ultra-large cold plate reaches 582 ℃, and the maximum temperature does not exceed 600 ℃;
(6) cooling for 5min at the stage of 615 ℃→ 608 ℃; incubation time at 608 ℃: 25-30 min; the minimum temperature of the ultra-large cold plate reaches 590 ℃, and the maximum temperature does not exceed 600 ℃;
(7) cooling for 5min in a stage of 608 ℃ -603 ℃; incubation time at 603 ℃: 20-25 min; the minimum temperature of the ultra-large cold plate reaches 593 ℃, and then the power can be cut off and the temperature can be reduced.
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