CN113727457A

CN113727457A - Communication method and device

Info

Publication number: CN113727457A
Application number: CN202010448616.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 桑燃; 张利; 王云贵
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-25
Filing date: 2020-05-25
Publication date: 2021-11-30
Also published as: WO2021238773A1

Abstract

The application provides a communication method and device. In the method, a station STA receives a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OCW) contention window parameters sent by an access point AP, wherein the OCW parameters correspond to a plurality of access types; the STA receives a trigger frame, wherein the trigger frame comprises an indication of a random access resource unit (RARE U); the STA selects an OCW parameter corresponding to the access type of a frame to be sent from the plurality of OCW parameters, and determines an initial orthogonal frequency division multiple access backoff (OBO) value based on the selected OCW parameter; the STA attempts to send the frame to be sent in the RARU based on the initial OBO value. Therefore, different access types correspond to different types of OCWs, so as to meet the requirement of diversity of STA service types.

Description

Communication method and device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and apparatus.

Background

An Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11ax standard draft introduces a random channel access method based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), which triggers a Station (STA) to perform random access by sending a Trigger Frame (TF) through an Access Point (AP). In one trigger, the AP may allocate N Resource Units (RUs), one of which the STA may perform random access.

The STA maintains an OFDMA back-off counter (OBO counter) whose initial value is a randomly selected value based on an OFDMA Contention Window (OCW), and initiates random access on the RU when the back-off counter value is decremented to 0. Therefore, the configuration of the OCW affects the selection of the initial value of the backoff counter, and thus affects the access delay. For example, if the OCW value is small, the probability that the selected initial value is small is large, that is, the time required for the backoff counter to decrease to 0 is short, and the access can be performed as soon as possible.

The current development trend is that the service types of the STA are more and more, and part of services have higher requirements on time delay, and it is expected to be accessed as soon as possible. Based on the above mechanism, for this part of service, if the initial value randomly selected based on the OCW is large, it cannot be accessed as soon as possible, and the normal operation of the service is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a communication method and a communication device, wherein a plurality of OCWs can be configured to meet the development trend of service type diversification.

In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, and the method includes: a station STA receives a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiple access contention window (OCW) parameters sent by an access point AP, wherein the OCW parameters correspond to a plurality of access types; the STA receives a trigger frame, wherein the trigger frame comprises an indication of a random access resource unit (RARE U); the STA selects an OCW parameter corresponding to the access type of a frame to be sent from the plurality of OCW parameters, and determines an initial orthogonal frequency division multiple access backoff (OBO) value based on the selected OCW parameter; the STA attempts to send the frame to be sent in the RARU based on the initial OBO value.

It should be appreciated that the configuration of the OCW (i.e., the configuration of the maximum and minimum values of the OCW) affects the selection of the initial value of the backoff counter, which in turn affects the access delay. For example, if the OCW value is large, the probability that the selected initial orthogonal frequency division multiple access contention window (OFDMA back off, OBO) value is small, that is, the time required for the backoff counter to decrease to 0 is long, and the possibility of accessing as soon as possible is low. Considering the service type diversity trend of the STA, some service types have higher requirements on time delay, so in the embodiment of the application, different access types correspond to different OCW parameters to meet the requirement of service diversity.

For example, the plurality of access types includes at least two of:

a voice VO class;

video class VI;

best effort BE class;

a background BK class;

the RTA class is applied in real time.

The above access types are exemplary only, not limiting, and other access types are possible.

In one possible design, the minimum value of the OCW parameters corresponding to the voice VO class is smaller than the minimum value of the OCW parameters corresponding to the video class; the minimum value of the OCW parameters corresponding to the video class is smaller than the minimum value of the OCW parameters corresponding to the best effort class; and the minimum value of the OCW parameter corresponding to the best effort class is smaller than the minimum value of the OCW parameter corresponding to the background class.

An OCW parameter is a range of values, i.e., a combination of a maximum and a minimum, such as may be in the form of a range of values (minimum, maximum). One possible implementation manner is that the STA first selects a value (for example, a value 1) from 0 to the minimum OCW value as the initial value of the backoff counter, and when the value of the backoff counter is decreased to 0, the STA tries to transmit the frame to be transmitted on the RARU indicated by the trigger frame (for example, the first trigger frame). If the frame to be transmitted is not successfully transmitted, the STA may reset the initial value of the backoff counter, for example, to 2, where 2 may be a multiple of 1, for example, 2 equals 2 × 1, and 2 is less than or equal to the maximum OCW. When the initial value of the backoff counter is again decreased to 0, an attempt is made to transmit a frame to be transmitted on the RARU indicated by the next frame trigger frame (e.g., the next frame trigger frame of the first trigger frame). This is described below by way of example.

For the voice VO class, corresponding to the first OCW parameter, for example, the first OCW parameter is a value interval of (5-30), the STA may select a value from 0-5 as an initial value of the backoff counter 1; when the value of the backoff counter 1 is decreased to 0, the frame to be transmitted is attempted to be transmitted on the RARU indicated by the trigger frame.

For the video VI class, corresponding to the second OCW parameter, for example, the first OCW parameter is a value interval of (10-30), the STA may first select a value from 0-10 as an initial value of the backoff counter 2; when the value of the backoff counter 2 is decreased to 0, the frame to be transmitted is attempted to be transmitted on the RARU indicated by the trigger frame.

For the BE class, corresponding to the third OCW parameter, for example, the third OCW parameter is a value interval (15-30), the STA may select a value from 0 to 15 as the initial value of the backoff counter 3; when the value of the backoff counter 3 is decreased to 0, an attempt is made to transmit a frame to be transmitted on the RARU indicated by the trigger frame.

For the BK class, the corresponding fourth OCW parameter, for example, the fourth OCW parameter has a value interval of (20-30), and the STA may first select a value from 0-20 as the initial value of the backoff counter 4. When the value of the backoff counter 4 is decreased to 0, an attempt is made to transmit a frame to be transmitted on the RARU indicated by the trigger frame.

Therefore, if the minimum value of the OCW is set to be smaller, the probability that the selected initial OBO value is a small value is higher, the time required by the backoff counter to be reduced to 0 is short, and the access can be performed as soon as possible; conversely, if the OCW minimum value is set to be large, the probability that the selected initial OBO value is a small value is small, and the time required for the backoff counter to decrease to 0 is long, and the access time is extended. For example, the satisfaction between the minimum values of OCW of the voice VO class, the video VI class, the BE class, and the BK class: if the voice VO class < the video VI class < the BE class < the BK class, the probability that the voice VO class is accessed as soon as possible is high because the minimum value of the first OCW parameter corresponding to the voice VO class is small, that is, the priority of the voice VO class is high.

For example, the plurality of OCW parameters are in an uplink orthogonal frequency division multiple access random access, UORA, parameter set field or other fields in the information element. Alternatively, the plurality of OCW parameters are in a beacon frame, a probe response frame, or an association response frame.

The foregoing transmission manners of the multiple OCW parameters are only examples, and other transmission manners are also suitable, for example, the multiple OCW parameters are transmitted in a reassociation response frame or a disassociation response frame, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

In one possible design, the STA attempting to transmit the frame to be transmitted in the RARU based on the initial OBO value includes: the number of the RARUs is k, and k is an integer greater than or equal to 1; and when the difference between the initial OBO value and the k is determined to be less than or equal to 0, trying to send the frame to be sent on one RARE U in the k RARE Us.

The number of RARUs included in the trigger frame is k, for example, RU1-RU3 is an RU for random access, that is, k is 3, the initial OBO value selected by the STA is 3, and 3-3 is 0, then the STA selects one RU from RU1-RU3 to transmit a frame to be transmitted. In the embodiment of the application, different service types correspond to different OCW parameters, so that the probability that the initial OBO selected by different service types is a decimal value is different, that is, the time required for the initial OBO to be reduced to 0 is different, that is, the access time delay is different, and the requirements of multiple service types of the STA are met.

In a second aspect, there is also provided a communication method, including: an Access Point (AP) determines a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDM) contention window (OCW) parameters, wherein the OCW parameters correspond to a plurality of access types; the AP sends the plurality of OCW parameters.

In the embodiment of the present application, a traffic type diversity trend of the STA is considered, for example, some traffic types have a higher requirement on the delay, and some traffic types have a lower requirement on the delay, so in the embodiment of the present application, different access types correspond to different OCW parameters to meet the requirement of traffic diversity.

For example, the plurality of access types includes at least two of:

a voice VO class;

video class VI;

best effort BE class;

a background BK class;

the RTA class is applied in real time.

The above five access types are merely examples, and are not limiting, and other access types are possible.

If the minimum value of the OCW is set to be smaller, the probability that the selected initial OBO value is a small value is higher, the time required by the backoff counter to be reduced to 0 is short, and the access can be performed as soon as possible; conversely, if the OCW minimum value is set to be large, the probability that the selected initial OBO value is a small value is small, and the time required for the backoff counter to decrease to 0 is long, and the access time is extended. For example, the satisfaction between the minimum values of OCW of the voice VO class, the video VI class, the BE class, and the BK class: if the voice VO class < the video VI class < the BE class < the BK class, the probability that the voice VO class is accessed as soon as possible is high because the minimum value of the first OCW parameter corresponding to the voice VO class is small, that is, the priority of the voice VO class is high.

There are various ways in which the AP may send the plurality of OCW parameters. For example, the plurality of OCW parameters are sent in a field of an ul random access, or other fields in the information element. As another example, the plurality of OCW parameters are transmitted in a beacon frame, a probe response frame, or an association response frame.

In a third aspect, there is also provided a communication apparatus, including:

the receiving and sending unit is used for receiving a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiple access contention window (OCW) parameters sent by the AP, and the OCW parameters correspond to a plurality of access types; the transceiver unit is further configured to receive a trigger frame, where the trigger frame includes an indication of a random access resource unit RARU; the processing unit is used for selecting an OCW parameter corresponding to the access type of a frame to be sent from the plurality of OCW parameters and determining an initial orthogonal frequency division multiple access backoff (OBO) value based on the selected OCW parameter; the processing unit is configured to attempt to send the frame to be sent in the RARU based on the initial OBO value.

In a fourth aspect, there is also provided a communication apparatus, including:

the processing unit is used for determining a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OCW) contention window (OCW) parameters, and the OCW parameters correspond to a plurality of access types;

and the transceiving unit is used for transmitting the plurality of OCW parameters.

In a fifth aspect, there is also provided a communications apparatus comprising at least one processor coupled with at least one memory; the at least one processor is configured to execute computer programs or instructions stored in the at least one memory to cause the apparatus to perform the method as provided in the first aspect above.

In a sixth aspect, there is also provided a communications apparatus comprising at least one processor coupled with at least one memory; the at least one processor is configured to execute computer programs or instructions stored in the at least one memory to cause the apparatus to perform the method as provided in the second aspect above.

In a seventh aspect, there is provided a communication system, including: a station STA for implementing the method provided by the first aspect; and an access point AP for implementing the method provided by the second aspect.

In an eighth aspect, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein a computer program or instructions, which, when read and executed by a computer, causes the computer to perform the method as provided in the above first aspect.

In a ninth aspect, there is also provided a computer readable storage medium having stored therein a computer program or instructions which, when read and executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as provided in the above second aspect.

In a tenth aspect, there is also provided a computer program product, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method as provided in the first aspect above.

In an eleventh aspect, there is also provided a computer program product, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method as provided in the second aspect above.

In a twelfth aspect, a chip is further provided, where the chip is coupled with a memory in an electronic device, so that the chip calls program instructions stored in the memory when running, to implement the method provided in the first aspect.

In a thirteenth aspect, a chip is further provided, where the chip is coupled with a memory in an electronic device, so that the chip calls program instructions stored in the memory when running to implement the method provided in the second aspect.

For the above advantageous effects of the third aspect to the thirteenth aspect, please refer to the advantageous effects of the first aspect and the second aspect, which are not described again.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of triggering uplink transmission through a trigger frame according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a mechanism for using the minimum and maximum OCW values provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a UORA parameter set;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a UORA parameter set provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is another schematic diagram of a UORA parameter set provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of OCW parameters provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a trigger frame according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating an attempt to transmit a frame to be transmitted of a voice VO class in an RU of a trigger frame according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is another schematic diagram of attempting to send a frame to be sent of a voice VO class in an RU of a trigger frame according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of an attempt to transmit a first frame to be transmitted in a voice VO class and a second frame to be transmitted in a video VI class in an RU of a trigger frame according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating that different STAs attempt to send a frame to be sent on an RU in a trigger frame according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a schematic view of another apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

At present, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) technology has been widely applied to home and enterprise networks, and users realize wireless network services such as entertainment and office through WLAN. However, as the amount of wireless service data is rapidly increasing with the popularization of WLANs, the amount of wireless services carried by WLANs is increasing, and in order to cope with the trend of rapidly increasing data carried by WLANs, the ieee802.11ax standard draft further proposes an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) technology on the basis of an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology. The OFDMA technique divides the air interface radio channel time frequency resources into a plurality of orthogonal time frequency Resource Units (RUs). The AP can allocate different channel resources for different STAs, so that a plurality of STAs can be efficiently accessed into a channel, and the channel utilization rate is improved.

In the random channel access procedure of the OFDMA technique, the AP transmits a Trigger Frame (TF) to trigger each STA to perform random access. In one trigger, the AP may allocate N Random Access Resource Units (RARUs). The STA carries out random access on one RARE U in the N RARE Us.

To solve the problem of RU contention conflict, a backoff mechanism is proposed. Specifically, the STA maintains an OFDMA back-off counter (OBO counter), and an initial value of the back-off counter (abbreviated as initial OBO value) is randomly selected based on the OCW. After the backoff counter value is decremented to 0, the STA initiates random access on the RU. Therefore, the configuration of the OCW affects the selection of the initial value of the backoff counter, and thus affects the access delay. For example, if the OCW value is small, the probability that the selected initial value is small is large, that is, the time required for the backoff counter to decrease to 0 is short, and the access can be performed as soon as possible.

The configuration of the OCW is not related to the traffic class of the STA. After the STA acquires the OCW configured by the AP, for data of any traffic class, an initial value is selected based on the OCW. In brief, various types of services select initial values based on the same OCW, however, the service types of the STA are more and more, some service types have higher requirements for delay, and if the initial values are selected based on the same OCW according to various types of services, the requirement for diversity of the service types cannot be met.

In view of this, the present application provides a communication method and apparatus, in which an AP may configure multiple OCWs, and the multiple OCWs correspond to multiple access types. Therefore, the STA can select an appropriate OCW according to the access type of the data to be transmitted, so as to meet the requirement of service diversity.

The communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application may be applied to a fourth generation (4th generation, 4G) communication system, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), or may be applied to a fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) communication system, such as a New Radio (NR) of 5G, or may be applied to various future communication systems.

The communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application may also be applicable to a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) system, and may be applicable to an IEEE802.11 system standard, for example, an IEEE802.11ax standard, or a next generation or later standard thereof, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. The following is a description of a WLAN system.

Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 1, the AP and a plurality of STAs within the coverage area of the AP are included, for example, 4 STAs, STA1-STA 4.

The following describes an AP and an STA according to an embodiment of the present application.

The AP, which may also be referred to as a hotspot. The AP may access a server or a communication network. The AP itself is also a station. An AP is a device deployed in a wireless communication network or a WLAN network to provide wireless communication functions for its associated stations, and may be used as a hub of the WLAN system. The AP may be a base station, router, gateway, repeater, communications server, switch, bridge, or the like. The base station may include various macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, and the like. Here, for convenience of description, the above-mentioned devices are collectively referred to as an AP in the embodiments of the present application.

STAs, which may be various wireless communication enabled user terminals, user equipment, access devices, subscriber stations, subscriber units, mobile stations, user agents, user equipment or other names, wherein the user terminals may include various wireless communication enabled handheld devices, vehicle mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, as well as various forms of User Equipment (UE), Mobile Station (MS), terminal (terminal), terminal equipment (terminal equipment), portable communication device, handset, portable computing device, entertainment device, gaming device or system, global positioning system device or any other suitable device configured for network communication via a wireless medium, and the like. Here, for convenience of description, the above-mentioned devices are collectively referred to as STAs in the embodiments of the present application.

The STA can access the AP by means of random access. One way this can be achieved is that the AP allocates N Resource Units (RUs), and the STA performs random access on one of the N RUs. For example, referring to fig. 2, the AP sends a trigger frame including an indication of N RUs, e.g., N RUs including RU1-RU 5. STAs access randomly on one of the RUs 1-5. For example, STA1 is randomly accessed on RU1, and STA2 is randomly accessed on RU 4. The AP replies to a Block Acknowledgement (BA) after receiving the access signals transmitted by STA1 and STA 2.

Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application. The method may be applied to the system architecture shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 3, the flow of the method includes:

s301, the STA receives a plurality of OCW parameters sent by the AP, wherein the OCW parameters correspond to a plurality of access types (ACs).

OCW is a range of values, such as between a maximum value and a minimum value. Thus, an "OCW parameter" in this application refers to a combination of a maximum value and a minimum value, e.g., the OCW parameter is in the form of a range of intervals such as (minimum, maximum). Taking 4 OCW parameters as an example, the OCW parameters 1 to 4 are respectively, for example, OCW parameter 1 is (minimum value 1, maximum value 1), OCW parameter 2 is (minimum value 2, maximum value 2), OCW parameter 3 is (minimum value 3, maximum value 3), and OCW parameter 4 is (minimum value 4, maximum value 4).

One possible mechanism for using the minimum and maximum values of OCW is: referring to fig. 4, assume that the range of OCW is (5, 10). The STA preferentially selects a value (for example, 3) from 0 to 5 as an initial value of the backoff counter, that is, an initial OBO value, and when the value of the backoff counter is decreased to 0, the STA may send a frame to be sent in the RARU indicated by the trigger frame. In case a frame to be transmitted is not successfully transmitted, the initial OBO value may be increased, for example, to 6 by doubling the initial OBO value, and the increased initial OBO value (i.e., 6) is used as the initial value of the backoff counter. And when the value of the backoff counter is reduced to 0 again, the STA sends a frame to be sent in the RARE indicated by the next frame trigger frame. If the frame to be sent is not successfully sent, the initial OBO value is continuously increased, for example, to 9, the increased initial OBO value (i.e., 9) is used as the initial value of the backoff counter, and when the value of the backoff counter is decreased to 0, the frame to be sent is sent in the RARU indicated by the next frame trigger frame. In case the frame to be transmitted still cannot be successfully transmitted, the STA can choose an initial OBO value again between 0-5, since the OCW maximum value 10 is further doubled (i.e. 18) on a 9 basis.

In some embodiments, the OCW parameter sent by the AP to the STA is (OCW min, OCW max); o isCW min is the minimum value and OCW max is the maximum value. Determining an initial OBO value based on (A, B) when the STA executes a backoff mechanism; wherein A is 2^OCW ^min-1；B＝2^OCW ^max-1. For example, the OCW parameter sent by the AP to the STA is (3, 5), 2³-1＝7，2⁵-1 ═ 31, i.e. the STA determines the initial OBO value based on (7, 31), e.g. the STA first selects a value from 0 to 7 as the initial value of the backoff counter, and when the value of the backoff counter falls to 0, it tries to send the frame to be sent on the RARU indicated by the trigger frame. If the frame to be transmitted is not successfully transmitted, the initial OBO value is increased, and the frame to be transmitted is tried to be transmitted on the RARU based on the increased initial OBO (the increased initial OBO value is less than or equal to 31).

Or, the OCW parameter sent by the AP to the STA is (OCW min, OCW max); OCW min and OCW max are expressed in binary, wherein OCW min occupies m bits; OCW max occupies n bits. Determining an initial OBO value based on (A, B) when the STA executes a backoff mechanism; a is 2^m-1；B＝2ⁿ-1. For example, OCW min takes 3 bits, and A ═ 2³-1 ═ 7; 5bit occupied by OCW max, B2⁵-1 ═ 31; so STA determines the initial OBO value based on (7, 31).

In the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of OCW parameters correspond to a plurality of access types AC. For example, the plurality of access types includes at least two of:

a Voice (VO) class;

video (VI) class;

best Effort (BE) class;

background (BK) class;

real Time Application (RTA) class.

It should be understood that the above five access types are merely examples, are not limiting, and may include more access types. It should be understood that the design considerations of the present application can also be used provided that more access types are included. The following description mainly takes four access types, i.e. voice VO type, video VI type, best effort BE type, and background BK type as examples.

In some embodiments, multiple OCW parameters are sent in action frames. The action frame may be any type of action frame, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited by contrast.

In other embodiments, the plurality of OCW parameters may be sent in a beacon (beacon) frame, a probe response (probe response) frame, or an association response (association response) frame; or may be transmitted in a reassociation response frame or a disassociation response frame.

In still other embodiments, multiple OCW parameters may be carried in an uplink OFDMA-based random access (UORA) parameter set (parameter set) field or other fields in an information element (information element) for transmission.

Referring to fig. 5, a schematic diagram of the UORA parameter set is shown. As shown in fig. 5, the UORA parameter set field includes an OCW range field, and the OCW range field includes OCW parameters, i.e., OCW maximum and minimum values. That is, only one OCW parameter field is included in the UORA parameter set.

In the embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 6, the UORA parameter set includes a plurality of OCW range fields, and for example, includes 4 OCW range fields, that is, a first OCW range field, a second OCW range field, a third OCW range field, and a fourth OCW range field. Wherein each OCW range field includes a maximum value and a minimum value.

For example, see fig. 7 for a schematic diagram of a UORA parameter set provided in an embodiment of the present application. The UORA parameter set includes a plurality of OCW range fields, such as the following 4 fields:

1. and the OCW range AC _ VO field comprises the maximum value and the minimum value of the OCW corresponding to the voice VO class.

2. And an OCW range AC _ VI field including a maximum value and a minimum value of the OCW corresponding to the video VI class.

3. And the OCW range AC _ BE field comprises the maximum value and the minimum value of the OCW corresponding to the best effort BE class.

4. And an OCW range AC _ BK field including a maximum value and a minimum value of OCW corresponding to the background BK class.

Fig. 6 and 7 take four access types, i.e. a voice VO type, a video VI type, a best effort BE type, and a background BK type as an example, when more access types are included, e.g. 6 access types are included, similar ideas can BE used, e.g. 6 different OCW range fields are included in the UORA parameter set shown in fig. 6 or 7, and each OCW range field corresponds to one access type.

In some embodiments, the priorities of different ACs may be different, for example, the priority relationship satisfies: voice (VO) class > Video (VI) class > Best Effort (BE) class > Background (BK) class. In order to enable frames to be transmitted of the AC with higher priority to be transmitted as soon as possible, the maximum value and/or the minimum value of the OCW corresponding to the AC with different priority are different. For example, referring to fig. 8, the minimum values of the first to fourth OCWs are different. The first OCW corresponds to a voice VO class, the second OCW corresponds to a video VI class, the third OCW corresponds to a best effort BE class, and the fourth OCW corresponds to a background BK. In order to satisfy the priority, the minimum value of the first OCW is smaller than the minimum value of the second OCW, the minimum value of the second OCW is smaller than the minimum value of the third OCW, and the minimum value of the third OCW is smaller than the minimum value of the fourth OCW. For example, the first OCW is (5, 30), the second OCW is (10, 30), the third OCW is (15, 30), and the fourth OCW is (20, 30). The smaller the minimum value of the OCW is, the higher the probability of sending the frame to be sent as soon as possible, so that the minimum value of the first OCW is the smallest to ensure that the frame to be sent of the voice VO class with the highest priority is sent as soon as possible. The details will be described later.

In fig. 8, the minimum values of the four OCWs are different, and the maximum values are the same. In fact, the maximum values of the four OCWs may also be different, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited.

S302, the STA receives the trigger frame sent by the AP.

Optionally, the AP may broadcast the trigger frame periodically according to a certain period; alternatively, the AP may collect uplink traffic first to determine which STAs have uplink data to transmit. The uplink service collection process of the AP comprises the following steps: the AP sends a Buffer State Report Poll (BSRP) frame. After receiving the BSRP, the STA that has uplink data to send randomly selects a sub-channel to send a Buffer Status Report (BSR) according to the channel partition indicated in the BSRP frame, and reports to the AP that there is uplink data to send in its own buffer. After the AP completes the uplink data collection, the AP sends a trigger frame to trigger uplink data transmission.

The trigger frame is described below.

For example, referring to fig. 9, an exemplary diagram of a trigger frame is shown. The trigger frame includes an indication of the plurality of RUs. The indication of RU, e.g., RU identity, is used to distinguish different RUs, such as RU1-RU 6. Each RU identifier corresponds to an Association Identification (AID) field identifier (AID identifier for short). When the AID identification is AID0, the RU is indicated to be used for random access, and when the AID identification is AID2045, the RU is indicated to be reserved for non-associated STAs to perform random access. Continuing with fig. 9, RU1-RU3 corresponds to AID0, i.e., RU1-RU3 are used for random access; RU4-RU5 correspond to AID2045, i.e., RU4-RU5 are reserved for random access by non-associated STAs. Other AID identities in the trigger frame, such as AID3 in fig. 9, indicate that the RU is reserved for a particular STA.

And S303, the STA selects an OCW parameter corresponding to the access type of the frame to be sent from the plurality of OCW parameters according to the access type of the frame to be sent.

Taking fig. 8 as an example, assuming that the access type of the frame to be transmitted is a voice VO class, the first OCW corresponding to the voice VO is selected.

Assuming that the access type of the frame to be transmitted is the video VI class, a second OCW corresponding to the video VI is selected.

Assuming that the access type of the frame to BE transmitted is best effort BE class, a third OCE corresponding to best effort BE is selected.

Assuming that the access type of the frame to be transmitted is a background BK class, a fourth OCW corresponding to the background BK is selected.

S304, the STA determines an initial OBO value based on the selected OCW parameter.

In the embodiment of the present application, different ACs correspond to different OCWs. One way this can be achieved is that one AC corresponds to one backoff counter. Taking the above four AC as examples, the voice VO class corresponds to the backoff counter 1, the video VI class corresponds to the backoff counter 2, the best effort BE class corresponds to the backoff counter 3, and the background BK class corresponds to the backoff counter 4.

Assuming that the access type of the frame to be transmitted is a voice VO class, selecting a first OCW corresponding to the voice VO class, and randomly selecting a numerical value between 0 and the first OCW by the STA as an initial OBO value. For example, the first OCW is (5, 30), and the STA may randomly select a value within 0 to 30 as the initial OBO value of the backoff counter 1.

Assuming that the access type of the frame to be transmitted is a video VI type, selecting a second OCW corresponding to the video VI type, and randomly selecting a numerical value between 0 and the second OCW by the STA as an initial OBO value. For example, the second OCW is (10, 30), and the STA may randomly select a value within 0 to 30 as the initial OCO value of the backoff counter 2.

And assuming that the access type of the frame to BE transmitted is a BE class, selecting a third OCW corresponding to the BE class, and randomly selecting a numerical value between 0 and the third OCW by the STA as an initial OBO value. For example, the third OCW is (15, 30), and the STA may randomly select a value within 0 to 30 as the initial OCO value of the backoff counter 3.

Assuming that the access type of the frame to be transmitted is BK type, selecting a fourth OCW corresponding to the BK type, and randomly selecting a numerical value between 0 and the fourth OCW by the STA as an initial OBO value. For example, the fourth OCW is (20, 30), and the STA may randomly select a value within 0 to 30 as the initial OCO value of the backoff counter 4.

Typically, the initial OBO value is preferably selected from a value between 0 and the OCW minimum. In the embodiment of the present application, the minimum values of the OCWs corresponding to different access types are different, and certain beneficial effects can be achieved: following the above example, the initial OBO value is a value between 0-5 for the voice VO class and 0-10 for the video VI class; for BE classes, the initial OBO value is a number between 0 and 15; for the BK class, the initial OBO value is a number between 0 and 20. Therefore, if the minimum value of the OCW is set to be smaller, the probability that the selected initial OBO value is a small value is higher, the time required for the backoff counter to be reduced to 0 is short, and a frame to be sent can be sent as soon as possible; on the contrary, if the minimum value of the OCW is set to be larger, the probability that the selected initial OBO value is a small value is smaller, and thus the time required for the backoff counter to be decreased to 0 is longer, and the time for transmitting the frame to be transmitted is longer. Therefore, the satisfaction between the minimum values of OCW of the speech VO class, the video VI class, the BE class, and the BK class: if the voice VO class < video VI class < BE class < BK class, then the frame to BE sent of the voice VO class has a high probability of being sent as soon as possible, i.e. the priority of the voice VO class is high.

The initial OBO value is preferably selected from 0-OCW minimum value, and has certain beneficial effects: after the STA selects an OBO initial value, when the value of the backoff counter is decreased to 0, the STA tries to transmit a frame to be transmitted on the RARU indicated by the trigger frame, if the frame to be transmitted is not successfully transmitted, the selected initial OBO value is increased (for example, the initial OBO value is increased by two times), the increased initial OBO value is used as the initial value of the backoff counter, when the value of the backoff counter is decreased to 0 again, the STA retransmits the frame to be transmitted on the RARU indicated by the trigger frame of the next frame, and if the frame to be transmitted is still not successfully transmitted, the STA retransmits the frame again in the same manner until the initial OBO value is increased to be greater than the maximum OCW value. Therefore, selecting a value from 0 to the minimum value of OCW as the initial OBO value preferentially allows for a plurality of opportunities to increase the initial OBO value, i.e., a plurality of opportunities to attempt to transmit a frame to be transmitted.

S305, the STA attempts to transmit a frame to be transmitted on the RARU based on the initial OBO value.

It should be appreciated that when the value of the backoff counter is decreased to 0, the STA attempts to transmit a frame to be transmitted on the RARU. As described earlier, the STA may maintain 4 backoff counters, backoff counter 1-backoff counter 4; when the backoff counter 1 is reduced to 0, sending a frame to be sent (a voice VO class) on the RARU; when the backoff counter 2 is decreased to 0, sending a frame to be sent (video VI class) on the RARU; when the backoff counter 3 is reduced to 0, sending a frame to BE sent (BE type) on the RARU; when the backoff counter 4 is decremented to 0, a frame to be transmitted (BK class) is transmitted on the RARU.

The back-off counter may be decremented in a variety of ways, such as by 1 or other fixed value each time until it is decremented to 0; alternatively, k is reduced, where k is the number of RUs included in the trigger frame for random access. That is to say, the number of RUs used for random access in the trigger frame is k, and after the STA selects the initial OBO value of the backoff counter, when it is determined that the difference between the initial OBO value and k is less than or equal to 0, the frame to be transmitted is transmitted on one of the k RUs.

The following describes a process in which the STA attempts to transmit a frame to be transmitted on the RARU, taking a voice VO class as an example.

Taking the class of voice VO as an example, corresponding to the backoff counter 1, and taking the trigger frame shown in fig. 9 as an example, the trigger frame includes RUs 1-RUs 3, which are used for random access, i.e., the number k of RUs used for random access is 3.

The following is an example where the initial OBO values are 3 and 5, respectively.

Example 1, assuming that the initial OBO value is 3, referring to fig. 10, the initial value of the backoff counter 1 is set to 3. Since the number k of RUs (i.e., RARUs) for random access in the trigger frame is 3, the value of the backoff counter 1 is decreased by the difference between the initial OBO value and k (i.e., 3-3 ═ 0), at this time, since the value of the backoff counter 1 is decreased to 0, the STA may attempt to transmit a frame to be transmitted on one of the RUs 1-RU 3.

Example 2, assuming that the initial OBO value is 5, referring to fig. 11, the initial value of the backoff counter 1 is set to 5. Since the number k of RUs used for random access in the trigger frame is 3, the value of the backoff counter 1 is reduced to the difference value between the initial OBO value and k, i.e. 2, and since the value of the backoff counter 1 is not reduced to 0, the STA cannot select one RU from the RUs 1-RU3 to transmit a frame to be transmitted. In this case, the value of the backoff counter 1 is kept at 2, which is an initial value for the next calculation. The STA waits for the next trigger frame, and assuming that the number of RUs used for random access (RU corresponding to AID 0) in the next trigger frame is k ═ 2, that is, RU3-RU 4; the backoff counter 1 is decremented from 2 to 0(2-k is 0), and since the backoff counter 1 is decremented to 0, the STA can transmit a frame to be transmitted on one of the RUs 3-RU 4.

There is a case where, when the value of the backoff counter 1 is decreased to 0, the STA transmits a frame to be transmitted on the RU for random access indicated by the trigger frame, but does not transmit successfully, e.g., other STAs also transmit the frame to be transmitted on the RU. In this case, the STA may increase the selected initial OBO value, use the increased initial OBO value as the initial value of the backoff counter 1, and try to retransmit the frame to be transmitted on the rula indicated by the next frame trigger frame when the backoff counter 1 is again decreased to 0. Continuing with example 1 above, when the value of the backoff counter 1 is decreased to 0, and the frame to be transmitted is not successfully transmitted on the RARU, the initial OBO value is increased, for example, doubled, that is, the initial OBO value is increased to 6. And the STA receives the next trigger frame, and if the number of RUs for random access in the next trigger frame is k and 6-k is less than or equal to 0, the STA can resend the frame to be sent on the RU for random access in the next trigger frame. If 6-k is larger than 0, continuing to wait for the next frame of trigger frame, and taking the result of 6-k as the initial value of the backoff counter of the next calculation, and so on.

The above description takes the voice VO class as an example, and the principle is similar for other access types, and will not be repeated.

The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are fully described below by way of an example.

Suppose that the STA has two frames to be transmitted, which are the first frame to be transmitted and the second frame to be transmitted, respectively. The access type of the first frame to be transmitted is a voice VO type, and the access type of the second frame to be transmitted is a video VI type.

For the first frame to be transmitted, the STA selects a first OCW corresponding to the voice VO class, and the STA randomly selects a numerical value between 0 and the minimum value of the first OCW as an initial OBO value. For example, the first OCW is (5, 30), and the STA selects one value from 0 to 5 as the initial OBO value, and assumes that 3 is selected. As shown in fig. 12, the number k of RUs whose AIDs are identified as AID0 in the first trigger frame received by the STA is 3, that is, RU1-RU 3. The initial OBO value-k-3-0, the STA may attempt to transmit the first to-be-transmitted frame on one of the RUs 1-RU 3.

As an example, a STA may randomly select one RU at RU1-RU3 and then transmit a first frame to be transmitted in that RU. In this manner, there may be a case where the first to-be-transmitted frame cannot be successfully transmitted on the selected RU because the selected RU may also be preempted by other STAs.

In the above procedure, although the initial OBO value-k is 3-0, the first frame to be transmitted is not successfully transmitted. One possible implementation is that the STA adjusts the initial OBO value (i.e. 3), for example, increases the initial OBO value, for example, adjusts the initial OBO value from 3 to 6, i.e. doubles. After the initial OBO value is adjusted, the OBO value is used in the next opportunity (the next trigger frame), and the use manner is similar, which is not repeated. Similarly, when the first frame to be transmitted is still successfully transmitted in the next opportunity, the initial OBO value continues to be increased until the maximum value of the OCW is reached.

And for a second frame to be sent, the STA selects a second OCW corresponding to the video VI class, and randomly selects a numerical value between 0 and the minimum value of the second OCW as an initial OBO value. For example, when the second OCW is (10, 30), the STA selects one value from 0 to 10 as the initial OBO value, and assumes that 5 is selected. As shown in fig. 12, for the video VI class, the initial OBO value-k is selected to be 5-3-2, so that the second frame to be sent needs to wait for the next trigger frame. At this time, the STA may set the backoff counter 2 of the second frame to be transmitted to be 2.

Referring to fig. 12, in the second trigger frame (the next trigger frame of the first trigger frame) received by the STA, the number k of RUs whose AIDs are identified as AIDs 0 is 2. Since the second data to be transmitted is not successfully transmitted in the opportunity of the first trigger frame, the back-off counter 2 in the second frame to be transmitted is calculated and set to be 2 (the last calculation result), and k is 2 in the second trigger frame, so 2-2 is 0, the STA may select one RU from the RUs 3-RU4 to transmit the second frame to be transmitted.

Similarly, if the STA does not successfully transmit the second frame to be transmitted, the STA may adjust the initial OBO value, that is, 5, for example, twice, to 10, and use the adjusted initial OBO value at the next opportunity (next trigger frame), which is similar in use manner and is not described repeatedly. Similarly, it can be seen that when the second frame to be transmitted is still not successfully transmitted in the next opportunity, the initial OBO value continues to be increased until the maximum value of the OCW is increased.

As can be seen from the above description, comparing the first frame to be transmitted with the second frame to be transmitted, the selectable range of the initial OBO value of the first frame to be transmitted is 0 to 5, and the range of the initial OBO value of the second frame to be transmitted is 0 to 10, so that the probability that the initial OBO value of the first frame to be transmitted is smaller than the initial OBO value of the second frame to be transmitted is higher. For example, the initial OBO value of the first frame to be transmitted is 3, the initial OBO value of the second frame to be transmitted is 5, and the number of RUs in the first trigger frame is 3, so that the time required for the initial OBO value (i.e. 3) of the first frame to be transmitted to decrease to 0 is short, and the time required for the initial OBO value (i.e. 5) of the second frame to be transmitted to decrease to 0 is long. Therefore, the transmission delay of the first frame to be transmitted is small. The first frame to be transmitted is a voice VO class, and the second frame to be transmitted is a video VI class, that is, the transmission delay of the voice VO class is smaller than that of the video VI class. In this way, it is ensured that data with higher priority (voice VO class) is sent successfully as soon as possible.

In addition, for the first frame to be transmitted, if the transmission is unsuccessful on the RARU, the STA increases the initial OBO value, takes the increased initial OBO value as the initial value of the backoff counter 1, and retransmits the first frame to be transmitted on the RARU when the value of the backoff counter 1 falls to 0. Assuming that the change condition in the process of increasing the initial value OBO is as follows: 3. 6, 12, 24 and 30. Similarly, the change situation of the initial OBO value of the second frame to be transmitted is: 5. 10, 20, 30. Therefore, the number of times of adjusting the initial OBO value of the first frame to be transmitted (voice VO class) is more than the number of times of adjusting the initial OBO value of the second frame to be transmitted (video VI class). That is, data with higher priority (voice VO class) has more chances to be transmitted.

The above embodiment describes the transmission process of frames to be transmitted for different ACs in one STA. The following describes a process in which a plurality of STAs transmit a frame to be transmitted.

Taking the scenario shown in fig. 1 as an example, the transmission process of the to-be-transmitted frames by STA1-STA4 is introduced.

Referring to fig. 13, assuming that STA1 is an associated STA, an AID identifier, such as AID5, is stored in STA 1. After receiving the trigger frame, the STA1 determines whether the AID5 exists in a plurality of AID identifiers included in the trigger frame, if so, an RU corresponding to the AID5 is an RU used by the STA1, and if not, an RU corresponding to the AID0 (i.e., an RARU) is selected. As can be seen from fig. 13, the AID5 is not included in the trigger frame, so the STA1 selects an RU of the AID0, that is, RU1-RU 3. Assuming that the backoff counter 1 maintained by STA1 is zero, and the initial OBO value (initial OBO) selected by STA1 is 3, and the number k of RUs corresponding to AID0 is 3, the initial OBO value-k is 3-0, so that STA1 may select one of RUs 1-RU3 to transmit a frame to be transmitted. For example, a frame to be transmitted is transmitted on RU 1. Continuing with fig. 13, after SIFS, the AP receives the frame to be transmitted from STA1 on RU 2. After SIFS, the AP may reply to BA.

Assuming that STA2 is an associated STA, STA1 stores an AID identifier, such as AID 7. Similarly, after the STA1 receives the trigger frame, it is determined whether there is an AID7 in a plurality of AID identifiers included in the trigger frame, if so, the RU corresponding to the AID7 is the RU used by the STA2, and if not, the STA2 selects the RU (i.e., RARU) corresponding to the AID0, i.e., RU1-RU 3. Further, assume that the backoff counter 2 maintained by STA2 is 2, the initial OBO value selected by STA2 is 5, and the number k of RUs corresponding to AID0 is 3, then the initial OBO value-k is 5-3-2, STA1 cannot transmit a frame to be transmitted on RU1-RU3, and needs to wait for the next trigger frame to select an RU.

Assuming STA3 is an unassociated (unassociated) STA, STA3 looks for the RU corresponding to AID2045, i.e., RU4-RU 5. Further, assume that the backoff counter 3 maintained by STA3, the initial OBO value selected by STA3 is 4, and the number k of RUs corresponding to AID0 is 2, then the initial OBO value-k is 4-2, STA3 cannot transmit a frame to be transmitted on RU4-RU5, and needs to wait for the next trigger frame to select an RU.

Assuming that STA4 is an associated STA, STA4 stores an AID identifier, such as AID 3. After the STA4 receives the trigger frame, it determines that there is an AID3 in a plurality of AID identifiers included in the trigger frame, and then transmits the frame to be transmitted on an RU corresponding to the AID3 (i.e., RU 6). Continuing with fig. 13, after SIFS, the AP receives the frame to be transmitted from STA4 on RU 6. After SIFS, the AP may reply to BA.

In the last opportunity (the last trigger frame), STA2 and STA3 do not transmit a frame to be transmitted, so STA2 and STA3 continue to transmit a frame to be transmitted in the same manner after receiving the next trigger frame. Continuing with fig. 13, the AID7 does not exist in the next trigger frame, the STA2 selects an RU of the AID0, and the number k of RUs corresponding to the AID0 in the next trigger frame is 2, that is, RU1-RU 2. At this time, STA2 maintains backoff counter 2 with a value of 2 (the last calculation result), and the value-k is 2-0, so STA2 may select RU1 or RU2 to transmit a frame to be transmitted, for example, select RU2 to transmit a frame to be transmitted.

STA3 determines the number k of RUs of AID2045 in the next trigger frame to be 2, i.e., RU3-RU 4. At this time, STA3 maintains backoff counter 3 with a value of 2 (the last calculation result), and the value-k is 2-0, so STA3 may select RU3 or RU4 to transmit a frame to be transmitted, for example, select RU4 to transmit a frame to be transmitted.

For the next opportunity, STA4 may use the initial OBO selected in the last opportunity, i.e., 2, if STA4 selected the initial OBO value of 2 in the last opportunity, but the initial OBO value is not used because the RU of AID3, i.e., RU6, is included in the trigger frame. Since the RU of AID3 is not included in the next trigger frame, STA4 selects the RU of AID0, and the number k of RUs corresponding to AID0 in the next trigger frame is 2, that is, RU1-RU 2. At this time, STA4 maintains backoff counter 2 with a value of 2, and the value-k is 2-2 is 0, so STA4 may select RU1 or RU2 to transmit a frame to be transmitted, for example, select RU1 to transmit a frame to be transmitted.

Similar to the above concept, as shown in fig. 14, the embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus 1400, where the apparatus 1400 includes a transceiver 1402 and a processing unit 1401.

In one example, the apparatus 1400 is configured to implement the functions of the STA in the above-described method. The device may be an STA, or a device in the STA, such as a system on chip.

The receiving and sending unit 1402 is configured to receive multiple orthogonal frequency division multiple access contention window OCW parameters sent by an AP, where the multiple OCW parameters correspond to multiple access types;

the transceiver unit 1402 is further configured to receive a trigger frame, where the trigger frame includes an indication of a random access resource unit RARU;

a processing unit 1401, configured to select an OCW parameter corresponding to an access type of a frame to be sent from among the plurality of OCW parameters, and determine an initial ofdma backoff OBO value based on the selected OCW parameter;

the processing unit 1401 is configured to attempt to transmit the frame to be transmitted in the RARU based on the initial OBO value.

In one possible design, the plurality of access types includes at least two of:

a voice VO class;

video class VI;

best effort BE class;

a background BK class;

the RTA class is applied in real time.

In one possible design, the plurality of OCW parameters are in an uplink orthogonal frequency division multiple access, UORA, parameter set field or other field in the information element.

In one possible design, the plurality of OCW parameters are in a beacon frame, a probe response frame, or an association response frame.

In one possible design, the processing unit 1301 is specifically configured to: the number of the RARUs is k, and k is an integer greater than or equal to 1; and when the difference between the initial OBO value and the k is determined to be less than or equal to 0, trying to send the frame to be sent on one RARU in the k RARUs through the transceiver unit.

In an example, the apparatus 1400 is configured to implement the functions of the AP in the foregoing method. The device may be an AP, or may be a device in the AP, such as a system on a chip.

The processing unit 1401 is configured to determine a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiple access contention window (OCW) parameters, where the plurality of OCW parameters correspond to a plurality of access types;

a transceiving unit 1402, configured to transmit the plurality of OCW parameters.

In one possible design, the plurality of access types includes at least two of:

a voice VO class;

video class VI;

best effort BE class;

a background BK class;

the RTA class is applied in real time.

In one possible design, the plurality of OCW parameters are sent in an uplink orthogonal frequency division multiple access, UORA, parameter set field or other field in the information element.

In one possible design, the plurality of OCW parameters are transmitted in a beacon frame, a probe response frame, or an association response frame.

For specific execution processes of the processing unit 1401 and the transceiver unit 1402, reference may be made to the description in the above method embodiments. The division of the modules in the embodiments of the present application is schematic, and only one logical function division is provided, and in actual implementation, there may be another division manner, and in addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one processor, may also exist alone physically, or may also be integrated in one module by two or more modules. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode.

As another alternative variation, the device may be a system-on-a-chip. In the embodiment of the present application, the chip system may be composed of a chip, and may also include a chip and other discrete devices. Illustratively, the apparatus includes a processor and an interface, which may be an input/output interface. The processor performs the functions of the processing unit 1401, and the interface performs the functions of the transmitting/receiving unit 1402. The apparatus may further comprise a memory for storing a program operable on a processor, the program when executed by the processor implementing the methods of the various embodiments described above.

Similar to the above concept, as shown in fig. 15, the embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus 1500. The apparatus 1500 comprises: a communication interface 1501, at least one processor 1502, at least one memory 1503. A communication interface 1501 is used for communication with other devices through a transmission medium so that the apparatus used in the apparatus 1500 can communicate with other devices. A memory 1503 for storing the computer program. The processor 1502 calls the computer program stored in the memory 1403 to send and receive data via the communication interface 1501, thereby implementing the method in the above-described embodiment.

Illustratively, when the apparatus is the AP described above, the memory 1503 is used for storing computer programs; the processor 1502 calls the computer program stored in the memory 1503 to execute the method performed by the AP in the above-described embodiment through the communication interface 1501. When the apparatus is an STA, the memory 1503 is used to store a computer program; the processor 1502 calls the computer program stored in the memory 1503 to execute the method performed by the STA in the above-described embodiment through the communication interface 1501.

In the present embodiment, the communication interface 1501 may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, or other type of communication interface. The processor 1502 may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or the like that implement or perform the methods, steps, and logic blocks disclosed in embodiments of the present application. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in a processor. The memory 1503 may be a nonvolatile memory such as a Hard Disk Drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), and may also be a volatile memory (RAM), such as a random-access memory (RAM). The memory is any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to such. The memory in the embodiments of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing a storage function. A memory 1503 is coupled to the processor 1502. The coupling in the embodiments of the present application is a spaced coupling or communication connection between devices, units or modules, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form, and is used for information interaction between the devices, units or modules. As another implementation, the memory 1503 may be external to the apparatus 1500. The processor 1502 may operate in conjunction with the memory 1503. The processor 1502 may execute program instructions stored in the memory 1503. At least one of the at least one memory 1503 may also be included in the processor 1502. The connection medium between the communication interface 1501, the processor 1502, and the memory 1503 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. For example, in fig. 15, the memory 1503, the processor 1502, and the communication interface 1501 may be connected to each other through a bus, which may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like.

It will be appreciated that the apparatus in the embodiment illustrated in fig. 14 described above may be implemented as the apparatus 1500 illustrated in fig. 15. Specifically, the processing unit 1501 may be implemented by the processor 1502, and the transceiving unit 1502 may be implemented by the communication interface 1501.

The method provided by the embodiment of the present application may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, cause the processes or functions described in accordance with the embodiments of the invention to occur, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, a network appliance, a user device, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored on a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that incorporates one or more of the available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., Digital Video Disk (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.

The above embodiments are only used to describe the technical solutions of the present application in detail, but the above embodiments are only used to help understanding the method of the embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Variations or substitutions that may be readily apparent to one skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of communication, comprising:

a station STA receives a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiple access contention window (OCW) parameters sent by an access point AP, wherein the OCW parameters correspond to a plurality of access types;

the STA receives a trigger frame, wherein the trigger frame comprises an indication of a random access resource unit (RARE U);

the STA selects an OCW parameter corresponding to the access type of a frame to be sent from the plurality of OCW parameters, and determines an initial orthogonal frequency division multiple access backoff (OBO) value based on the selected OCW parameter;

the STA attempts to send the frame to be sent in the RARU based on the initial OBO value.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of access types includes at least two of:

a voice VO class;

video class VI;

best effort BE class;

a background BK class;

the RTA class is applied in real time.

3. The method of claim 2,

the minimum value of the OCW parameters corresponding to the voice VO class is smaller than the minimum value of the OCW parameters corresponding to the video class;

the minimum value of the OCW parameters corresponding to the video class is smaller than the minimum value of the OCW parameters corresponding to the best effort class;

and the minimum value of the OCW parameter corresponding to the best effort class is smaller than the minimum value of the OCW parameter corresponding to the background class.

4. The method of any of claims 1-3, wherein the plurality of OCW parameters are in an uplink Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) random Access, UORA, parameter set field or other field in the information element.

5. The method of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the plurality of OCW parameters are in a beacon frame, a probe response frame, or an association response frame.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the STA attempting to send the frame to be sent in the RARU based on the initial OBO value comprises:

the number of the RARUs is k, and k is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

and when the difference between the initial OBO value and the k is determined to be less than or equal to 0, trying to send the frame to be sent on one RARE U in the k RARE Us.

7. A method of communication, comprising:

an Access Point (AP) determines a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDM) contention window (OCW) parameters, wherein the OCW parameters correspond to a plurality of access types;

the AP sends the plurality of OCW parameters.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the plurality of access types includes at least two of:

a voice VO class;

video class VI;

best effort BE class;

a background BK class;

the RTA class is applied in real time.

9. The method of claim 7 or 8, wherein the plurality of OCW parameters are transmitted in a beacon frame, a probe response frame, or an association response frame.

10. A communications apparatus, comprising:

the receiving and sending unit is used for receiving a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiple access contention window (OCW) parameters sent by the AP, and the OCW parameters correspond to a plurality of access types;

the transceiver unit is further configured to receive a trigger frame, where the trigger frame includes an indication of a random access resource unit RARU;

the processing unit is used for selecting an OCW parameter corresponding to the access type of a frame to be sent from the plurality of OCW parameters and determining an initial orthogonal frequency division multiple access backoff (OBO) value based on the selected OCW parameter;

the processing unit is configured to attempt to send the frame to be sent in the RARU based on the initial OBO value.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the plurality of access types includes at least two of:

a voice VO class;

video class VI;

best effort BE class;

a background BK class;

the RTA class is applied in real time.

12. The apparatus of claim 10 or 11, wherein the plurality of OCW parameters are in a beacon frame, a probe response frame, or an association response frame.

13. The apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the processing unit is specifically configured to:

the number of the RARUs is k, and k is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

and when the difference between the initial OBO value and the k is determined to be less than or equal to 0, trying to send the frame to be sent on one RARU in the k RARUs through the transceiver unit.

14. A communications apparatus, comprising:

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the plurality of access types includes at least two of:

a voice VO class;

video class VI;

best effort BE class;

a background BK class;

the RTA class is applied in real time.

16. The apparatus of claim 14 or 15, wherein the plurality of OCW parameters are transmitted in a beacon frame, a probe response frame, or an association response frame.

17. A communications apparatus comprising at least one processor coupled with at least one memory; the at least one processor configured to execute computer programs or instructions stored in the at least one memory to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of claims 1-9.

18. A communication system, comprising

A station STA for implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 6; and the number of the first and second groups,

an access point, AP, for implementing the method of any one of claims 7 to 9.

19. A computer program product, characterized in that it causes a computer to carry out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 when said computer program product is run on the computer.