CN113726154B - Switch power supply control method and device and switch power supply - Google Patents

Switch power supply control method and device and switch power supply Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN113726154B
CN113726154B CN202111022841.9A CN202111022841A CN113726154B CN 113726154 B CN113726154 B CN 113726154B CN 202111022841 A CN202111022841 A CN 202111022841A CN 113726154 B CN113726154 B CN 113726154B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
power supply
switching power
output
frequency
switching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202111022841.9A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN113726154A (en
Inventor
邱雄
赖熙庭
牛兴卓
郭震达
詹世淋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kehua Data Co Ltd
Zhangzhou Kehua Electric Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Kehua Data Co Ltd
Zhangzhou Kehua Electric Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kehua Data Co Ltd, Zhangzhou Kehua Electric Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Kehua Data Co Ltd
Priority to CN202111022841.9A priority Critical patent/CN113726154B/en
Publication of CN113726154A publication Critical patent/CN113726154A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN113726154B publication Critical patent/CN113726154B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a switching power supply control method and device and a switching power supply. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring input electrical parameters, output load values and energy storage inductance values of a switching power supply; calculating the duty ratio of the switching power supply according to the input electric parameter and the output electric parameter; and calculating the critical frequency of the switching power supply according to the duty ratio, the output load value and the energy storage inductance value, and controlling the switching power supply to work at the critical frequency so as to enable the switching power supply to work in a CRM mode. The invention can improve the working reliability of the switching power supply.

Description

Switch power supply control method and device and switch power supply
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of power control technologies, and in particular, to a switching power supply control method and apparatus, and a switching power supply.
Background
Along with the progress of technology, a switching power supply is used as a high-frequency electric energy conversion device and is increasingly widely applied. The switching power supply may be classified into a discontinuous conduction mode (Discontinuous Conduction Mode, DCM), a continuous conduction mode (Continuous Conduction Mode, CCM), and a critical conduction mode (Critical Conduction Mode, CRM) according to whether or not an output current of the switching power supply is continuous. The switching power supply adopting the CRM working mode has the best effect in the low and medium power occasions.
Currently, most prior art uses multipliers to control the switching power supply in CRM mode of operation. However, the control method using the multiplier is complicated, resulting in a decrease in the reliability of the switching power supply.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a switching power supply control method and device and a switching power supply, which are used for solving the problem that the reliability of the switching power supply is reduced due to the fact that the control method for controlling the switching power supply to be in a CRM working mode is complex in the prior art.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a switching power supply control method, including:
acquiring input electrical parameters, output load values and energy storage inductance values of a switching power supply;
Calculating the duty ratio of the switching power supply according to the input electric parameter and the output electric parameter;
and calculating the critical frequency of the switching power supply according to the duty ratio, the output load value and the energy storage inductance value, and controlling the switching power supply to work at the critical frequency so as to enable the switching power supply to work in a CRM mode.
In one possible implementation, before calculating the duty cycle of the switching power supply according to the input electrical parameter and the output electrical parameter, the method further comprises:
Judging the power supply type of the switching power supply according to the input electric parameters and the output electric parameters; the power supply type includes a step-up power supply or a step-down power supply.
In one possible implementation, the input electrical parameter comprises an input voltage and the output electrical parameter comprises an output voltage;
judging the power supply type of the switching power supply according to the input electric parameter and the output electric parameter, comprising:
When the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage is not greater than the preset ratio, judging the power supply type of the switching power supply to be a boosting power supply;
When the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage is larger than a preset ratio, the power supply type of the switching power supply is judged to be a step-down power supply.
In one possible implementation, the input electrical parameter comprises an input voltage and the output electrical parameter comprises an output voltage;
calculating the duty cycle of the switching power supply according to the input electrical parameter and the output electrical parameter, comprising:
When the power supply type is a boost power supply, calculating the boost duty ratio of the switching power supply according to the input voltage and the output voltage;
when the power supply type is a step-down power supply, the step-down duty ratio of the switching power supply is calculated according to the input voltage and the output voltage.
In one possible implementation, calculating the critical frequency of the switching power supply according to the duty cycle, the output load value, and the stored energy inductance value includes:
When the power supply type is a boost power supply, calculating the boost critical frequency of the switching power supply according to a boost duty ratio, an output load value, an energy storage inductance value and a boost critical frequency calculation formula;
when the power supply type is a step-down power supply, calculating the step-down critical frequency of the switching power supply according to a step-down duty ratio, an output load value, an energy storage inductance value and a step-down critical frequency calculation formula.
In one possible implementation, the boost critical frequency calculation formula is:
wherein f u is the boost critical frequency, R is the output load value, L is the energy storage inductance value, and Du is the boost duty cycle;
The step-down critical frequency calculation formula is:
Where f d is the buck critical frequency and D d is the buck duty cycle.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a switching power supply control device, including:
the parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring input electric parameters, output load values and energy storage inductance values of the switching power supply;
The duty ratio calculation module is used for calculating the duty ratio of the switching power supply according to the input electric parameter and the output electric parameter;
And the frequency adjusting module is used for calculating the critical frequency of the switching power supply according to the duty ratio, the output load value and the energy storage inductance value and controlling the switching power supply to work at the critical frequency so as to enable the switching power supply to work in a CRM mode.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the steps of the switching power supply control method as described above in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect when the processor executes the computer program.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a switching power supply, including a terminal, a switching tube, a freewheeling diode, an energy storage inductor and a capacitor according to the third aspect; the capacitor is used for being connected with an output load;
The input end of the switching tube is connected with an external input power supply, the output end of the switching tube is connected with the cathode of the freewheel diode and the first end of the energy storage inductor respectively, and the control end of the switching tube is connected with the terminal;
The first end of the capacitor is connected with the second end of the energy storage inductor, and the second end of the capacitor is connected with the anode of the freewheel diode; the second end of the capacitor is also used for grounding; or alternatively
The input end of the switching tube is connected with the second end of the energy storage inductor and the anode of the freewheeling diode respectively, the output end of the switching tube is connected with the second end of the capacitor, and the control end of the switching tube is connected with the terminal; the second end of the switch tube is also used for grounding;
the first end of the energy storage inductor is used for being connected with an external input power supply;
the first end of the capacitor is connected with the cathode of the freewheel diode.
In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which when executed by a processor implements the steps of the switching power supply control method as described above in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.
The embodiment of the invention provides a switching power supply control method and device and a switching power supply, wherein input electric parameters, output load values and energy storage inductance values of the switching power supply are obtained; calculating the duty ratio of the switching power supply according to the input electric parameter and the output electric parameter; and calculating the critical frequency of the switching power supply according to the duty ratio, the output load value and the energy storage inductance value, and controlling the switching power supply to work at the critical frequency so as to enable the switching power supply to work in a CRM mode. The duty ratio is calculated firstly, then the critical frequency is calculated according to the duty ratio, the output load value and the energy storage inductance value, and finally the frequency of the switching power supply is adjusted to work in a critical frequency state, so that the control mode is simple, the device stress of the switching power supply can be reduced under the condition that the output stability of the switching power supply is ensured, and the working reliability of the switching power supply is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an implementation of a switching power supply control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a switching power supply with a boost power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of parameter variation of an energy storage inductance of a switching power supply with a boost power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a switching power supply with a step-down power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a current change of an energy storage inductor of a switching power supply with a step-down power supply type according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of parameter variation of an energy storage inductance of a switching power supply with a step-down power supply type according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of simulation results after frequency adjustment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of simulation results when the output load changes according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching power supply control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth such as the particular system architecture, techniques, etc., in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following description will be made by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a flowchart of an implementation of a switching power supply control method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown in fig. 1, a switching power supply control method may include:
S101, acquiring input electrical parameters, output load values and energy storage inductance values of the switching power supply.
Optionally, each parameter is a parameter obtained when the switching power supply works in a steady state. The input electrical parameter of the switching power supply may comprise an input voltage or an input current and the output electrical parameter may comprise an output voltage or an output current. The output load of the switching power supply is generally a capacitive load, the output load value can be directly obtained, and the energy storage inductance value is determined when the switching power supply is designed.
Optionally, the input electrical parameter, the output load value and the energy storage inductance value may be parameters of the switching power supply operating at a first preset frequency; the first preset frequency is the frequency of the switching power supply working in the CCM mode; the switching power supply stably works in a CCM mode at a first preset frequency, so that feedback compensation of a control loop of the switching power supply is easy, transient response caused by abrupt change of load current is faster, dynamic is good, and overshoot is lower.
Optionally, the input electrical parameter, the output load value and the energy storage inductance value may be parameters of the switching power supply operating at a second preset frequency; the second preset frequency is the frequency of the switching power supply working in the DCM mode; the switching power supply works in the DCM mode at a second preset frequency, and is suitable for occasions with large load current changes.
S102, calculating the duty ratio of the switching power supply according to the input electric parameter and the output electric parameter.
Optionally, the duty ratio is a modulation degree of the pwm switching power supply, and the voltage stabilizing function of the switching power supply can be realized by automatically changing the duty ratio, where the duty ratio represents a ratio of on time to duty cycle of the switching tube. As can be expressed as: Wherein D is the duty ratio of the switching power supply, T on is the on time of the switching tube, and T is the working period of the switching power supply.
S103, calculating the critical frequency of the switching power supply according to the duty ratio, the output load value and the energy storage inductance value, and controlling the switching power supply to work at the critical frequency so as to enable the switching power supply to work in a CRM mode.
Optionally, calculating the critical frequency of the switching power supply according to the duty ratio, the output load value and the energy storage inductance value, and controlling the switching power supply to switch from the first preset frequency to the critical frequency for operation, so that the switching power supply is switched from the CCM mode to the CRM mode;
Optionally, the critical frequency of the switching power supply is calculated according to the duty ratio, the output load value and the energy storage inductance value, and the switching power supply is controlled to switch from the second preset frequency to the critical frequency for operation, so that the switching power supply is switched from the DCM mode to the CRM mode.
Alternatively, the switching frequency of the switching power supply refers to the number of times the signal goes from high to low and back to high per second. The critical frequency is the switching frequency at which the switching power supply can be operated in CRM mode. Typically, the switching frequency of the switching power supply operating in a steady state condition needs to be adjusted to a critical frequency or gradually adjusted to the critical frequency to operate the switching power supply in CRM mode. And in CRM mode, the device stress is not as large as that of the intermittent conduction mode, the problem of reverse recovery of the diode is not existed in the continuous conduction mode, and the input average current is in linear relation with the input voltage. In small and medium power applications, power factor correction using CRM mode has a significant advantage.
Optionally, in general, the first time period is required from starting up to working in a steady state, the second time period is required from the steady state to the CRM mode, and the first time period and the second time period are both short, so that the normal use of the switching power supply is not affected. Therefore, the switching power supply can be firstly enabled to work in a steady state, and then the steady state is adjusted to the CRM mode, so that stable control of the switching power supply is facilitated, and the control stability of the switching power supply is enhanced.
By way of example, in addition to directly controlling the operation of the switching power supply at a critical frequency, there are four operation modes of the switching power supply:
first kind: the switching power supply can start working at a first preset frequency, the duty ratio of the switching power supply is controlled according to the conventional PWM, the output voltage of the switching power supply reaches a preset target value, after the switching power supply reaches the CCM steady state, the critical frequency of the switching power supply is calculated, the first preset frequency is adjusted to the critical frequency, so that the switching power supply is adjusted to the CRM mode from the CCM mode, and the switching power supply works at the optimal efficiency.
Second kind: the switching power supply can start working at a first preset frequency, the duty ratio of the switching power supply is controlled according to the conventional PWM, the output voltage of the switching power supply reaches a preset target value, after the switching power supply reaches a CCM (continuous mode) steady state, the critical frequency of the switching power supply is calculated, the first preset frequency is regulated to be close to the critical frequency, so that the switching power supply is close to a CRM (continuous mode) from the CCM, the efficiency of the switching power supply can be higher, the switching power supply can work at better efficiency, and the closer to the CRM, the higher the efficiency is, the better the working performance is.
Third kind: the switching power supply can start working at a second preset frequency, the duty ratio of the switching power supply is controlled according to the conventional PWM, the output voltage of the switching power supply reaches a preset target value, after the switching power supply reaches a DCM mode steady state, the critical frequency of the switching power supply is calculated, and the second preset frequency is adjusted to the critical frequency, so that the switching power supply is adjusted to a CRM mode from a CCM mode.
Fourth kind: the switching power supply can start working at a second preset frequency, the duty ratio of the switching power supply is controlled according to the conventional PWM, the output voltage of the switching power supply reaches a preset target value, after the switching power supply reaches a DCM mode steady state, the critical frequency of the switching power supply is calculated, and the second preset frequency is regulated to be near the critical frequency, so that the switching power supply approaches to the CRM mode from the DCM mode.
In terms of performance, the operation performance of the switching power supply when operating in the CRM mode is optimal, and the operation performance when approaching from the CCM mode to the CRM mode is better than the operation performance when approaching from the DCM mode to the CRM mode. Namely, the working performance of the switching power supply is as follows: first > third > second > fourth. In practical application, the CCM mode is suitable for a high-power switching power supply, the DCM mode is suitable for a medium-low power switching power supply, and the working process of the switching power supply can be specifically selected according to the type of the switching power supply.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the input electric parameter, the output load value and the energy storage inductance value of the switching power supply are obtained; calculating the duty ratio of the switching power supply according to the input electric parameter and the output electric parameter; and calculating the critical frequency of the switching power supply according to the duty ratio, the output load value and the energy storage inductance value, and controlling the switching power supply to work at the critical frequency so as to enable the switching power supply to work in a CRM mode. The duty ratio is calculated firstly, then the critical frequency is calculated according to the duty ratio, the output load value and the energy storage inductance value, and finally the frequency of the switching power supply is adjusted to work in a critical frequency state, so that the control mode is simple, the device stress of the switching power supply can be reduced under the condition that the output stability of the switching power supply is ensured, and the working reliability of the switching power supply is improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, before calculating the duty cycle of the switching power supply from the input electrical parameter and the output electrical parameter, the method further comprises:
Judging the power supply type of the switching power supply according to the input electric parameters and the output electric parameters; the power supply type includes a step-up power supply or a step-down power supply.
Alternatively, the switching power supply may include a switching power supply of which the power supply type is a step-up power supply or a switching power supply of which the power supply type is a step-down power supply. The switching power supply with the power supply type being a boost power supply is a boost power supply, and the output voltage of the boost power supply is generally not smaller than the input voltage. The switching power supply with the power supply type of the buck power supply is the buck power supply, and the output voltage of the buck power supply is generally smaller than the input voltage.
In some embodiments of the invention, the input electrical parameter comprises an input voltage and the output electrical parameter comprises an output voltage;
judging the power supply type of the switching power supply according to the input electric parameter and the output electric parameter, comprising:
When the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage is not greater than the preset ratio, judging the power supply type of the switching power supply to be a boosting power supply;
When the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage is larger than a preset ratio, the power supply type of the switching power supply is judged to be a step-down power supply.
Alternatively, the preset ratio may be 1.
Optionally, when the input voltage is not greater than the output voltage, determining the power supply type of the switching power supply as a boost power supply; when the input voltage is larger than the output voltage, the power supply type of the switching power supply is judged to be a step-down power supply.
In some embodiments of the invention, the input electrical parameter comprises an input voltage and the output electrical parameter comprises an output voltage; calculating the duty cycle of the switching power supply according to the input electrical parameter and the output electrical parameter, comprising:
when the power supply type is a boost power supply, calculating the boost duty ratio of the switching power supply according to the input voltage and the output voltage; when the power supply type is a step-down power supply, the step-down duty ratio of the switching power supply is calculated according to the input voltage and the output voltage.
Optionally, for a switching power supply of which the power supply type is a boost power supply, a formula for calculating a boost duty ratio of the switching power supply according to the input voltage and the output voltage is: wherein D u is a boost duty cycle, V g is an input voltage, and V o is an output voltage.
For a switching power supply with a power supply type of a step-down power supply, a formula for calculating a step-down duty ratio of the switching power supply according to an input voltage and an output voltage is as follows: Wherein D d is the buck duty cycle.
In some embodiments of the invention, calculating the critical frequency of the switching power supply from the duty cycle, the output load value, and the stored energy inductance value includes:
When the power supply type is a boost power supply, calculating the boost critical frequency of the switching power supply according to a boost duty ratio, an output load value, an energy storage inductance value and a boost critical frequency calculation formula;
when the power supply type is a step-down power supply, calculating the step-down critical frequency of the switching power supply according to a step-down duty ratio, an output load value, an energy storage inductance value and a step-down critical frequency calculation formula.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the boost critical frequency calculation formula is:
wherein f u is the boost critical frequency, R is the output load value, L is the energy storage inductance value, and Du is the boost duty cycle;
The step-down critical frequency calculation formula is:
Where f d is the buck critical frequency and D d is the buck duty cycle.
Optionally, referring to fig. 2, a schematic circuit structure diagram of a power supply type of a boost power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown in fig. 2, the boost power supply may include an energy storage inductance L1, a switching tube S, a freewheeling diode D1, and a capacitor C, vg is an input voltage, vo is an output voltage, and R1 is an output load.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic diagram of parameter variation of an energy storage inductor of a boost power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown in fig. 3, I LP is the peak current of the energy storage inductor L1, ig is the input current, DTs is the on-time of the switching tube, ts is the duty cycle of the switching tube, I L(t) is the current variation waveform of the energy storage inductor over time t, V L(t) is the voltage variation waveform of the energy storage inductor over time t, and Vgs is the variation waveform of the input voltage.
The determination of the boost threshold frequency calculation formula is described with reference to fig. 2 and 3:
If the switching power supply (i.e., boost power supply) with the power supply type being the Boost power supply is to be operated in CRM mode, the precondition is that the average value of the energy storage inductor current is equal to the average value Io of the output current:
Step 1: calculating the peak current I LP of the energy storage inductor:
From the following components The method can obtain: i LP = (Vg Du Ts)/L.
Step 2: calculating the relation between the output average current and the energy storage inductance current: for the energy storage inductor of the switching power supply with the power supply type being the boost power supply, when the switching tube is turned on, the current of the energy storage inductor does not flow into the output load, and when only the switching tube is turned off, the current of the energy storage inductor passes through the output load, so that the output average current is:
Step 3: under the calculation critical condition, identity relation: io=v o/R,
Step 4: according to the formulas from the step 1 to the step 3, the following steps are obtained:
And (3) making: Then there are:
When D u(1-Du)2=Kcrit is reached, the switching power supply with the power supply type being the boost power supply is in CRM mode (i.e. CCM/DCM boundary);
When D u(1-Du)2<Kcrit is reached, the switching power supply with the power supply type of the boost power supply is in CCM mode;
when D u(1-Du)2>Kcrit is implemented, the switching power supply with the power supply type of the boost power supply is in DCM mode.
By back-pushing, it is possible to obtain:
When (when) When the power supply type is a boost power supply, the switching power supply works in a CRM mode;
When (when) When the power supply type is a boost power supply, the switching power supply works in a DCM mode;
When (when) When the switching power supply with the power supply type of boost power supply works in CCM mode.
Optionally, referring to fig. 4, a schematic circuit structure diagram of a step-down power supply of the type provided in the embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown in fig. 4, the buck power supply may include an energy storage inductor L1, a switching tube S, a freewheeling diode D1, and a capacitor C, vg is an input voltage, vo is an output voltage, and R1 is an output load.
Referring to fig. 5, a schematic diagram of a current change of an energy storage inductor of a boost power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Referring to fig. 6, a schematic diagram of parameter variation of an energy storage inductor of a step-down power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
The following describes the calculation formula for determining the step-down critical frequency with reference to fig. 4, 5 and 6:
From fig. 4 and 5, it can be obtained that:
When the switching power supply with the power supply type of the step-down power supply works in the CRM mode, the current flowing through the energy storage inductor is just continuous and is in a critical state, and the switching power supply comprises: d+d'+d*=1,d*=0;
When the switching power supply with the power supply type of step-down power supply works in the CCM mode, the current flowing through the energy storage inductor is continuous, and the switching power supply comprises: d+d'+d*=1,d*=0;
When the switching power supply with the power supply type of buck power supply works in the DCM mode, the current flowing through the energy storage inductor is interrupted, dT s is the interruption time, and the switching power supply comprises: d+d'+d*=1,d*≠0;
Where d * =0 is zero in time when the current is zero in one working cycle, and d * +.0 is non-zero in time when the current is zero in one working cycle.
From fig. 6, it can be obtained that:
the above method is simplified, and the simplifying process is as follows:
k=1-D d is available, wherein,
Then it is possible to obtain:
when k=1-D d, the switching power supply of the type of the buck power supply is CRM mode (i.e., CCM/DCM boundary);
When K is more than 1-D d, the switching power supply with the power supply type of the step-down power supply is in CCM mode;
when K <1-D d, the switching power supply with the power supply type of the step-down power supply is in DCM mode.
By back-pushing, the step-down critical frequency can be obtained:
When (when) When the switching power supply of which the power supply type is a step-down power supply is operated in CRM mode.
Referring to fig. 7, a schematic diagram of a simulation result after frequency adjustment according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; FIG. 7 (a) is a schematic diagram showing the overall simulation results of the output voltage, the current of the storage inductor and the voltage of the switching tube; fig. 7 (b) is a schematic diagram of the result of partial simulation of the output voltage, the current of the storage inductor and the voltage of the switching tube.
For example, for a switching power supply with a power supply type of step-down power supply, the output load value is 5Ω hm, the inductance value of the energy storage inductor is 85uh, the output voltage is 200V, the input voltage is 532V, the step-down duty ratio D d =200/532 is calculated, and the step-down critical frequency is calculated
From the simulation results of fig. 7, the switching frequency is self-adaptive to 18.5kHz in the steady state, which is close to the theoretical calculation value, and it can be seen that the inductor current realizes CRM control, and the output voltage ripple is within 2V.
Referring to fig. 8, a schematic diagram of simulation results when output load changes is shown in the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 8 (a) is a schematic diagram showing the overall simulation results of the output voltage, the current of the storage inductor and the voltage of the switching tube; fig. 8 (b) is a schematic diagram of the result of partial simulation of the output voltage, the current of the storage inductor and the voltage of the switching tube.
As can be seen from the simulation of fig. 8, the slow-start of the switching power supply within 0 to 0.02s, the sudden load of about 0.04s, and the sudden load of about 0.06s are included: the voltage is overshot to 207V during sudden load, and drops to about 187V during sudden load.
The embodiment of the invention can control the operating point clearly when the switching power supply is in a steady state, can accurately and reliably make the switching power supply operate in a critical frequency state (namely make the switching power supply operate in a CRM mode), further reduces the stress born by the switching device, prolongs the service life of the device and achieves the effect of improving the working reliability of the switching power supply.
It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the foregoing embodiment does not mean that the execution sequence of each process should be determined by the function and the internal logic, and should not limit the implementation process of the embodiment of the present invention.
The following are device embodiments of the invention, for details not described in detail therein, reference may be made to the corresponding method embodiments described above.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching power supply control device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of explanation, only a portion related to the embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the details are as follows:
As shown in fig. 9, the switching power supply control device 20 may include:
the parameter obtaining module 201 is configured to obtain an input electrical parameter, an output load value and an energy storage inductance value of the switching power supply;
A duty cycle calculation module 202 for calculating a duty cycle of the switching power supply according to the input electrical parameter and the output electrical parameter;
The frequency adjustment module 203 is configured to calculate a critical frequency of the switching power supply according to the duty ratio, the output load value, and the energy storage inductance value, and control the switching power supply to operate at the critical frequency, so that the switching power supply operates in CRM mode.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the switching power supply control device 20 may include:
The type judging module is used for judging the power supply type of the switching power supply according to the input electric parameter and the output electric parameter before calculating the duty ratio of the switching power supply according to the input electric parameter and the output electric parameter; the power supply type includes a step-up power supply or a step-down power supply.
In some embodiments of the invention, the input electrical parameter comprises an input voltage and the output electrical parameter comprises an output voltage; the type judgment module may include:
The first judging unit is used for judging that the power supply type of the switching power supply is a boost power supply when the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage is not larger than a preset ratio;
and the second judging unit is used for judging that the power supply type of the switching power supply is a step-down power supply when the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage is larger than a preset ratio.
In some embodiments of the invention, the input electrical parameter comprises an input voltage and the output electrical parameter comprises an output voltage; the duty ratio calculation module may include:
The first calculation unit is used for calculating the boost duty ratio of the switching power supply according to the input voltage and the output voltage when the power supply type is a boost power supply;
And the second calculation unit is used for calculating the step-down duty ratio of the switching power supply according to the input voltage and the output voltage when the power supply type is a step-down power supply.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the frequency adjustment module 203 may include:
The third calculation unit is used for calculating the boosting critical frequency of the switching power supply according to the boosting duty ratio, the output load value, the energy storage inductance value and the boosting critical frequency calculation formula when the power supply type is a boosting power supply;
and the fourth calculation unit is used for calculating the voltage reduction critical frequency of the switching power supply according to a voltage reduction duty ratio, an output load value, an energy storage inductance value and a voltage reduction critical frequency calculation formula when the power supply type is a voltage reduction power supply.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the boost critical frequency calculation formula is:
wherein f u is the boost critical frequency, R is the output load value, L is the energy storage inductance value, and Du is the boost duty cycle;
The step-down critical frequency calculation formula is:
Where f d is the buck critical frequency and D d is the buck duty cycle.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 10, the terminal 30 of this embodiment includes: a processor 300, a memory 301 and a computer program 302 stored in the memory 301 and executable on the processor 300. The steps in the above-described embodiments of the switching power supply control method are implemented when the processor 300 executes the computer program 302, for example, S101 to S103 shown in fig. 1. Or the processor 300 when executing the computer program 302 performs the functions of the modules/units in the above-described embodiments of the apparatus, such as the functions of the modules/units 201 to 203 shown in fig. 9.
By way of example, the computer program 302 may be partitioned into one or more modules/units, which are stored in the memory 301 and executed by the processor 300 to accomplish the present invention. One or more of the modules/units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing particular functions for describing the execution of the computer program 302 in the terminal 30. For example, the computer program 302 may be split into modules/units 201 to 203 shown in fig. 9.
The terminal 30 may be a computing device such as a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a palm top computer, and a cloud server. The terminal 30 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 300, a memory 301. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that fig. 10 is merely an example of a terminal 30 and is not intended to limit the terminal 30, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or different components, e.g., a terminal may further include an input-output device, a network access device, a bus, etc.
The Processor 300 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), other general purpose Processor, digital signal Processor (DIGITAL SIGNAL Processor, DSP), application SPECIFIC INTEGRATED Circuit (ASIC), field-Programmable gate array (Field-Programmable GATE ARRAY, FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware components, or the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
The memory 301 may be an internal storage unit of the terminal 30, such as a hard disk or a memory of the terminal 30. The memory 301 may also be an external storage device of the terminal 30, such as a plug-in hard disk provided on the terminal 30, a smart memory card (SMART MEDIA CARD, SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) card, a flash memory card (FLASH CARD), or the like. Further, the memory 301 may also include both an internal storage unit and an external storage device of the terminal 30. The memory 301 is used to store computer programs and other programs and data required by the terminal. The memory 301 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-described division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical application, the above-described functional distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, i.e. the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-described functions. The functional units and modules in the embodiment may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit, where the integrated units may be implemented in a form of hardware or a form of a software functional unit. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, which is not described herein again.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a switching power supply, which comprises the terminal 30, a switching tube, a freewheeling diode, an energy storage inductor and a capacitor; the capacitor is used for being connected with an output load;
The input end of the switching tube is connected with an external input power supply, the output end of the switching tube is connected with the cathode of the freewheel diode and the first end of the energy storage inductor respectively, and the control end of the switching tube is connected with the terminal; the first end of the capacitor is connected with the second end of the energy storage inductor, and the second end of the capacitor is connected with the anode of the freewheel diode; the second end of the capacitor is also used for grounding; or alternatively
The input end of the switching tube is connected with the second end of the energy storage inductor and the anode of the freewheeling diode respectively, the output end of the switching tube is connected with the second end of the capacitor, and the control end of the switching tube is connected with the terminal; the second end of the switch tube is also used for grounding; the first end of the energy storage inductor is used for being connected with an external input power supply; the first end of the capacitor is connected with the cathode of the freewheel diode.
Optionally, two ends of the capacitor are also used for connecting with an external load.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and in part, not described or illustrated in any particular embodiment, reference is made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus/terminal and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus/terminal embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of modules or units is merely a logical functional division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via interfaces, devices or units, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
The integrated modules/units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the present invention may implement all or part of the procedures in the methods of the above embodiments, or may be implemented by a computer program for instructing related hardware, and the computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, may implement the steps of the embodiments of the control method of the switching power supply. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, executable files or in some intermediate form, etc. The computer readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, a recording medium, a U disk, a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer Memory, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunications signal, a software distribution medium, and so forth. It should be noted that the content of the computer readable medium can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of the jurisdiction's jurisdiction and the patent practice, for example, in some jurisdictions, the computer readable medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals according to the jurisdiction and the patent practice.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A switching power supply control method, characterized by comprising:
acquiring input electrical parameters, output load values and energy storage inductance values of a switching power supply;
Calculating the duty ratio of the switching power supply according to the input electric parameter and the output electric parameter;
Calculating critical frequency of the switching power supply according to the duty ratio, the output load value and the energy storage inductance value, and controlling the switching power supply to work at the critical frequency so as to enable the switching power supply to work in a CRM mode;
The output electrical parameter includes an output voltage, the calculating a critical frequency of the switching power supply according to the duty cycle, the output load value and the energy storage inductance value, and controlling the switching power supply to operate at the critical frequency, so that the switching power supply operates in a CRM mode, includes:
Controlling the switching power supply to start working at a first preset frequency, and after the output voltage of the switching power supply reaches a preset target value, adjusting the first preset frequency to the critical frequency so as to enable the switching power supply to be adjusted from a CCM mode to a CRM mode, wherein the first preset frequency is the frequency of the switching power supply working in the CCM mode; or alternatively
And controlling the switching power supply to start working at a second preset frequency, and after the output voltage of the switching power supply reaches a preset target value, adjusting the second preset frequency to the critical frequency so as to enable the switching power supply to be adjusted to a CRM mode from a DCM mode, wherein the second preset frequency is the frequency of the switching power supply working in the DCM mode.
2. The switching power supply control method according to claim 1, wherein before calculating the duty ratio of the switching power supply from the input electrical parameter and the output electrical parameter, the method further comprises:
Judging the power supply type of the switching power supply according to the input electric parameter and the output electric parameter; the power supply types include a boost power supply or a buck power supply.
3. The switching power supply control method according to claim 2, wherein the input electrical parameter includes an input voltage, and the output electrical parameter includes an output voltage;
the judging the power supply type of the switching power supply according to the input electric parameter and the output electric parameter comprises the following steps:
when the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage is not greater than a preset ratio, judging that the power supply type of the switching power supply is a boost power supply;
and when the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage is larger than the preset ratio, judging that the power supply type of the switching power supply is a step-down power supply.
4. The switching power supply control method according to claim 2, wherein the input electrical parameter includes an input voltage, and the output electrical parameter includes an output voltage;
The calculating the duty ratio of the switching power supply according to the input electrical parameter and the output electrical parameter comprises the following steps:
When the power supply type is a boost power supply, calculating a boost duty ratio of the switching power supply according to the input voltage and the output voltage;
and when the power supply type is a step-down power supply, calculating the step-down duty ratio of the switching power supply according to the input voltage and the output voltage.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein calculating the critical frequency of the switching power supply based on the duty ratio, the output load value, and the energy storage inductance value, comprises:
when the power supply type is a boost power supply, calculating the boost critical frequency of the switching power supply according to the boost duty ratio, the output load value, the energy storage inductance value and a boost critical frequency calculation formula;
when the power supply type is a step-down power supply, calculating the step-down critical frequency of the switching power supply according to the step-down duty ratio, the output load value, the energy storage inductance value and a step-down critical frequency calculation formula.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the boost critical frequency calculation formula is:
Wherein f u is the boost critical frequency, R is the output load value, L is the energy storage inductance value, and Du is the boost duty cycle;
the step-down critical frequency calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein f d is the buck critical frequency and D d is the buck duty cycle.
7. A switching power supply control device, characterized by comprising:
the parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring input electric parameters, output load values and energy storage inductance values of the switching power supply;
the duty ratio calculation module is used for calculating the duty ratio of the switching power supply according to the input electric parameter and the output electric parameter;
The frequency adjusting module is used for calculating the critical frequency of the switching power supply according to the duty ratio, the output load value and the energy storage inductance value, and controlling the switching power supply to work at the critical frequency so as to enable the switching power supply to work in a CRM mode;
The frequency adjusting module is further used for controlling the switching power supply to start working at a first preset frequency, and adjusting the first preset frequency to the critical frequency after the output voltage of the switching power supply reaches a preset target value so as to enable the switching power supply to be adjusted to a CRM mode from a CCM mode, wherein the first preset frequency is the frequency of the switching power supply working in the CCM mode; or alternatively
And controlling the switching power supply to start working at a second preset frequency, and after the output voltage of the switching power supply reaches a preset target value, adjusting the second preset frequency to the critical frequency so as to enable the switching power supply to be adjusted to a CRM mode from a DCM mode, wherein the second preset frequency is the frequency of the switching power supply working in the DCM mode.
8. A terminal comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the switching power supply control method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 6 when the computer program is executed.
9. A switching power supply comprising a terminal, a switching tube, a freewheeling diode, an energy storage inductor and a capacitor according to claim 8; the capacitor is used for being connected with an output load;
The input end of the switching tube is used for being connected with an external input power supply, the output end of the switching tube is respectively connected with the cathode of the freewheel diode and the first end of the energy storage inductor, and the control end of the switching tube is connected with the terminal; the first end of the capacitor is connected with the second end of the energy storage inductor, and the second end of the capacitor is connected with the anode of the freewheel diode; the second end of the capacitor is also used for grounding; or alternatively
The input end of the switching tube is respectively connected with the second end of the energy storage inductor and the anode of the freewheeling diode, the output end of the switching tube is connected with the second end of the capacitor, and the control end of the switching tube is connected with the terminal; the output end of the switching tube is also used for grounding; the first end of the energy storage inductor is used for being connected with an external input power supply; the first end of the capacitor is connected with the cathode of the freewheel diode.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that the computer program when executed by a processor implements the steps of the switching power supply control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
CN202111022841.9A 2021-09-01 2021-09-01 Switch power supply control method and device and switch power supply Active CN113726154B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111022841.9A CN113726154B (en) 2021-09-01 2021-09-01 Switch power supply control method and device and switch power supply

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111022841.9A CN113726154B (en) 2021-09-01 2021-09-01 Switch power supply control method and device and switch power supply

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN113726154A CN113726154A (en) 2021-11-30
CN113726154B true CN113726154B (en) 2024-05-24

Family

ID=78680753

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202111022841.9A Active CN113726154B (en) 2021-09-01 2021-09-01 Switch power supply control method and device and switch power supply

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN113726154B (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW200950290A (en) * 2008-03-21 2009-12-01 Marvell World Trade Ltd Boost converter and power factor controller
JP2016170894A (en) * 2015-03-11 2016-09-23 三菱電機株式会社 Lighting device and illuminating fixture
CN112117900A (en) * 2020-08-14 2020-12-22 南京理工大学 Parallel fixed switching frequency CRM and DCM boost PFC converter controlled by harmonic mutual elimination and parallel connection

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2568588A1 (en) * 2011-09-07 2013-03-13 Nxp B.V. Switched mode converter and methods of controlling switched mode converters

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW200950290A (en) * 2008-03-21 2009-12-01 Marvell World Trade Ltd Boost converter and power factor controller
JP2016170894A (en) * 2015-03-11 2016-09-23 三菱電機株式会社 Lighting device and illuminating fixture
CN112117900A (en) * 2020-08-14 2020-12-22 南京理工大学 Parallel fixed switching frequency CRM and DCM boost PFC converter controlled by harmonic mutual elimination and parallel connection

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
张占松,蔡宣三.《开关电源的原理与设计(修订版)》.电子工业出版社,2007,第16、19、20、21、27、28、31页. *
系统电源中保持开关稳定的临界模式控制器设计;姜岩峰 等;电子产品世界;20090115(第01期);第39-42页 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN113726154A (en) 2021-11-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN108054918B (en) Control method, control circuit and system of four-tube BUCK-BOOST circuit
US9857854B2 (en) Voltage regulator and method of controlling a voltage regulator comprising a variable inductor
US11569731B2 (en) Control method for an AC-DC conversion circuit
US9306456B2 (en) Systems and methods for managing a voltage regulator
WO2012030959A2 (en) Switching method for switched-mode power converters employing a bridge topology
CN114759779A (en) Control unit for switching converter operating in continuous conduction and peak current control modes
KR20130036065A (en) Buck switch-mode power converter large signal transient response optimizer
CN111614247B (en) DCM control method and circuit of PFC converter and rectifier
CN115882739B (en) Power supply voltage regulating method, rectifying power supply and control circuit
CN112152440A (en) Discontinuous conduction mode and continuous conduction mode power factor corrector circuit
CN107979278A (en) A kind of width load step-up type power factor correcting converter
CN115987093B (en) SC-Buck converter dynamic response control method and device based on capacitance and charge balance
CN115378257A (en) Control system and method of four-switch Buck-Boost converter
CN113691135B (en) Control method of conversion circuit and terminal equipment
US11811317B2 (en) Controller for a power supply and a power supply
CN103595239B (en) Power factor correction circuit and control method thereof
CN114123740A (en) Control method and control device of switching power supply and electronic equipment
CN113726154B (en) Switch power supply control method and device and switch power supply
EP4297261A1 (en) Multi-level power converter architecture
CN103427619B (en) PFC control circuit capable of boosting flexibly and control method thereof
US20170229957A1 (en) Thd in off-line converters
CN109327137B (en) Double-fixed-time switching type power circuit, switching circuit and method thereof
CN204809913U (en) Charging device and subscriber equipment
CN113162392B (en) Power factor correction method, device, equipment and storage medium
CN104022645A (en) Constant-frequency fixed turning-off time control device of switching converter

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant