CN104022645A - Constant-frequency fixed turning-off time control device of switching converter - Google Patents
Constant-frequency fixed turning-off time control device of switching converter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a constant-frequency fixed turning-off time control device of a switching converter. The constant-frequency fixed turning-off time control device of the switching converter comprises a power circuit and a control circuit, the control circuit comprises an input and output voltage feedback regulating loop which comprises an input voltage detection device, an output voltage detection device, a subtraction circuit and a divider, an input is connected to the input voltage detection device, an output is connected to the output voltage detection device, the input voltage detection device and the output voltage detection device are both connected to the subtraction circuit, the input voltage detection device and the subtraction circuit are connected to the divider, an output of the divider and an output of an RS trigger are connected to an adjustable turning-off timer, and an output of the adjustable turning-off timer is connected to the input end of the RS trigger. The constant-frequency fixed turning-off time control device still has high efficiency in the low load condition, when loads change suddenly, and a controller can respond rapidly to enable a switching power supply to restore a steady state rapidly; the constant-frequency fixed turning-off time control device can always maintain the constant-frequency working state of the switching converter, and therefore a control system can be integrated and popularized conveniently.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to adopt the Switching Power Supply of controlling based on output voltage ripple, particularly use Switching Power Supply and the device thereof of fixedly turn-off time control.
Background technology
Along with greatly developing of power electronic technology, the application of Switching Power Supply is more and more extensive, and miscellaneous electronic equipment is also more and more higher to the requirement of power supply.Switching Power Supply can meet the demand of various application scenarios, closely related with choosing of control mode.Under the epoch of power electronic technology fast development, the control technology of switch DC-DC converter has also obtained abundant achievement.According to different application scenarios, switch converters can adopt different control modes, so that Switching Power Supply obtains best service behaviour.It is that ON time by control circuit regulating power switching device realizes that the output of switch converters is controlled.According to the implementation of duty ratio, the control mode of switch converters mainly contains fixed frequency control and variable frequency is controlled.It is also traditional pulse width modulation (PWM) technology that fixed frequency is controlled, and traditional PWM control technology light-load efficiency is low, and dynamic responding speed is slow.Although and variable frequency control switch converter has good transient response speed, also overcome the low shortcoming of light-load efficiency, the precision of voltage regulation is poor, variable switching frequency has brought very large difficulty also to the design of filter.Therefore,, if can improve the range of application that the deficiency of variable frequency control switch converter switches changeable frequency will be expanded variable ratio frequency changer control technology greatly, be also conducive to the integrated of variable ratio frequency changer control chip simultaneously and promote.
Fixedly (Fixed off time, FOT) control method is a kind of frequency conversion, non-linear modulation method the turn-off time.Its operation principle is: when switch converters output voltage instantaneous value vo (t) arrives reference voltage Vref, comparator output VS is high level burst pulse voltage, rest-set flip-flop Q end output VD be low level voltage, switching tube S turn-offs, vo starts to decline.The turn-off time of S determines by turn-offing timer, and after fixing turn-off time TOFF, turn-offing timer output VR is a high level burst pulse voltage, make rest-set flip-flop Q end VD be high level voltage, S transfers conducting state to, vo rises.When vo rises to Vref, S turn-offs again, enters next switch control cycle.Fixedly (Fixed off-time, FOT) control technology belongs to a kind of of pulse frequency modulated (PFM) technology the turn-off time.It is compared with PWM voltage-type control technology, and the precision of voltage regulation is slightly poor, but has the light-load efficiency of transient response speed and Geng Gao faster.FOT controller simple in structure, does not need loop compensation, and in the lighter situation of load, efficiency is high, good stability, and therefore fixedly turn-off time (FOT) control technology is relatively applicable to middle low power LED power drives IC.
Yet, use at present the switch change-over device based on fixedly turn-off time control also to have following deficiency: FOT control technology belongs to the category of variable frequency control, the switching frequency of its variation can have influence on the loss of Switching Power Supply, and the comprehensive Design that is unfavorable for switch power supply EMI filter, in addition the noise frequency of being introduced by Switching Power Supply also can change thereupon, if do not controlled, the serious switching frequency that even can cause enters audiorange.Thereby limited to a great extent the integrated of FOT control circuit and promoted.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is by add input and output voltage Feedback adjusting loop in FOT control method, solve the problem that Switching Power Supply operating frequency changes with input and output voltage.
Of the present invention is to solve its technical method to be:
A kind of constant frequency of switch converters is turn-off time control device fixedly, comprise power circuit and control circuit, described power circuit comprises input, switching device, filter and output, input is connected to switching device, after switching device, be transferred to filter, after the effect of device, enter output after filtering, described control circuit comprises output voltage checkout gear, reference voltage, comparator, rest-set flip-flop, adjustable shutoff timer and drive circuit, output is connected to output voltage checkout gear, output voltage checkout gear and reference voltage are all connected to comparator, after be transferred to rest-set flip-flop, through overdrive circuit, be connected to switching device again.Described control circuit also comprises input and output voltage feedback regulation loop, described input and output voltage feedback regulation loop comprises input voltage checkout gear, output voltage checkout gear, subtraction circuit and divider, input is connected to input voltage checkout gear, output is connected to output voltage checkout gear, input voltage checkout gear and output voltage checkout gear are all connected to subtraction circuit, input voltage checkout gear and subtraction circuit are connected to divider simultaneously, divider output and rest-set flip-flop output are connected to adjustable shutoff timer, the output of adjustable shutoff timer is connected to the input of rest-set flip-flop.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described power circuit specifically comprises switching tube S, diode D, capacitor C, load R, inductance L, the drain electrode of the positive pole of input voltage and switching tube S is joined, one end of the anode of negative pole and diode D, one end of capacitor C and load R joins, one end output negative pole being connected with load R, the negative electrode of the source electrode of switching tube S and diode D and one end of inductance L join, one end of the other end of inductance L and one end of capacitor C and load R joins, one end output cathode being connected with load R.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described control circuit specifically comprises comparator, rest-set flip-flop, adjustable shutoff timer, subtraction circuit, divider, described output cathode is connected with the anode of comparator, the negative terminal of comparator connects reference voltage, the output of comparator is connected with the S of rest-set flip-flop end, rest-set flip-flop
end is connected with the grid of switching tube S by drive circuit, and R end is all connected with adjustable shutoff timer with Q end.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the input of described input voltage is connected to input voltage checkout gear (5), described output cathode is connected to output voltage checkout gear (7), input voltage checkout gear (5) and output voltage checkout gear (7) are all connected to subtraction circuit (6), input voltage checkout gear (5) and subtraction circuit (6) are connected to divider (13) simultaneously, and divider (13) output is connected to adjustable shutoff timer (14).
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
One, compare with traditional PWM pulse modulation technology, adopt the Switching Power Supply of control method of the present invention under light-load conditions, still to have higher efficiency, when load is undergone mutation, controller can be made response fast, makes Switching Power Supply recover rapidly stable state.
Two, based on input and output voltage feedback regulation constant frequency fixedly another benefit of turn-off time control method be the constant frequency operating state that can maintain all the time switch converters, be convenient to the integrated of control system and promote.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is control system implement device structured flowchart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the electrical block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the adjustable shutoff timer circuit structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the lower output voltage ripple schematic diagram of different input and output voltage combinations of the embodiment of the present invention.
Output voltage transient response time domain waveform figure when Fig. 5 is the switch converters input voltage mutation of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 be the embodiment of the present invention switch converters load current when sudden change output voltage transient response time domain waveform figure.
In Fig. 4: (a) be the input voltage waveform of converter; (b) the output voltage ripple waveform of converter during for setting 5V output.(c) the output voltage ripple waveform of converter during for setting 3.3V output.
In Fig. 5: (a) for converter output voltage is adjusted waveform; (b) be converter input voltage mutation time domain waveform.
In Fig. 6: (a) be converter load current sudden change waveform; (b) for converter output voltage is adjusted waveform.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
The present invention, according to the basic principle of FOT control technology, adds input and output voltage to detect feedback loop in turn-offing timer, by the input and output voltage of real-time sampling switch converters, turn-offs timer and does at any time dynamic adjustment, maintains switching frequency constant.The concrete technical scheme adopting is: when switch converters input and output voltage has any one parameter change, input and output voltage feedback control loop will detect corresponding variation, feedback voltage V FB sends controller to the most at last, with input and output voltage, there is corresponding variation in controlled current source output current, controller changes the fixedly turn-off time, thereby maintained switch frequency is constant.And when load is undergone mutation, because CF-FOT controls, not changing FOT basic control principle, operation principle is the same with FOT control, has equally transient response fast, here no longer too much narration.
Another object of the present invention is to improve voltage regulation, facilitate the integrated popularization of control chip, due to constant frequency in the present invention when fixedly the switching frequency controlled of turn-off time is only by converter design several circuit parameters determine, no matter therefore adopt which kind of input and output voltage, the filter circuit of its converter can be unified to design.Under same inventive concept corresponding under CCM pattern based on the fixing turn-off time control switch convertor device of input and output voltage feedback regulation constant frequency.This device is partly comprised of this input 1, switching device 2, filter 3, input and output voltage feedback regulation device 4 and control circuit.In control loop, the outer shroud error amplifier of low bandwidth is controlled output voltage vo and is equaled reference voltage V ref, and therefore fixedly turn-off time control method can be so that voltage regulation improves a lot the constant frequency based on input and output voltage feedback regulation; The shortcoming of having avoided switching frequency to change with input and output voltage, can regulate fast input voltage and the impact of load disturbance on output voltage thereof, thereby have good transient response characteristic.
In Fig. 1, dotted line frame is control circuit outward, comprising: output voltage checkout gear 9, reference voltage 11, comparator 10, rest-set flip-flop 12, adjustable shutoff timer 14 and drive circuit 8.Dotted line frame below is input and output voltage feedback regulation loop, comprising: input voltage detection 5, output voltage detection 7, subtraction circuit 6 and divider 13.Annexation: voltage check device 9 and reference voltage 11 are all connected to comparator 10, after be transferred to rest-set flip-flop 12, then be connected to switching tube through overdrive circuit 11.In dotted line frame, be power circuit, comprise input 1, switching device 2, filter 3, output 4.Annexation: input 1 is connected to switching device 2, is transferred to filter 3 after switching device 2, enters output 4 after installing after filtering 3 effect.Dotted line frame below is input and output voltage feedback control loop, annexation is: input voltage checkout gear 5 and output voltage checkout gear 7 are all connected to subtraction circuit 6, input voltage checkout gear 5 and subtraction circuit 6 are connected to divider 13 simultaneously, and divider 13 outputs are connected to adjustable shutoff timer 14.
Comparison diagram 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 1, the corresponding relation between each device is respectively: the corresponding switching device 2 of input voltage E corresponding input 1, S (MOSFET) and diode D, inductance L, the corresponding filter 3 of capacitor C, the corresponding output 4 of load R, reference voltage
v refcorresponding reference voltage 11, the corresponding comparator 10 of comparator, the corresponding rest-set flip-flop 12 of rest-set flip-flop, the corresponding drive circuit 11 of drive circuit.
Connection concrete in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 is: the drain electrode of the positive pole of input voltage E and switching tube S (MOSFET) is joined, negative pole and the anode of diode D, one end (output negative pole) of one end of capacitor C and load R join; The source electrode of switching tube S (MOSFET) joins with the negative electrode of diode D and one end of inductance L, and one end (output cathode) of the other end of inductance L and one end of capacitor C and load R joins.Output is connected with the anode of comparator, the negative terminal of comparator connects reference voltage, the output of comparator and the S of rest-set flip-flop end is connected, rest-set flip-flop Q end by drive circuit, be connected with the grid of switching tube S (MOSFET), R holds with Q and holds and be connected with adjustable shutoff timer.
Being achieved as follows of control method:
Step 1: switching tube S conducting, power supply E simultaneously to output capacitance charging, feeds back to output by the information of inductive current to inductance L charging.
Step 2: output voltage and reference voltage compare, provides control signal to rear class rest-set flip-flop.
The step 3:RS trigger turn-off time determines by turn-offing timer, when fixing turn-off time
t oFFafter, turn-off timer output
v rbe a high level burst pulse voltage, make rest-set flip-flop Q end
v dfor high level voltage, S transfers conducting state to,
v orise.When
v orise to
v reftime, S turn-offs again, enters next switch control cycle.
Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 show based on the fixedly application of turn-off time control technology in Buck converter of input and output voltage feedback regulation constant frequency, correspond respectively to the applicable cases of different input and output voltages, input voltage mutation, load current sudden change.
The concrete course of work and principle are: switch converters output voltage instantaneous value
v oarrive reference voltage
v reftime, comparator output
v sfor high level burst pulse voltage, rest-set flip-flop Q end output
v dfor low level voltage, switching tube S turn-offs,
v ostart to decline.The turn-off time of S determines by turn-offing timer, when fixing turn-off time
t oFFafter, turn-off timer output
v rbe a high level burst pulse voltage, make rest-set flip-flop Q end
v dfor high level voltage, S transfers conducting state to,
v orise.When
v orise to
v reftime, S turn-offs again, enters next switch control cycle.In normal work, input and output voltage Feedback adjusting loop detects input and output voltage in real time, to dynamically adjust the fixedly turn-off time, guarantees the work of switch converters constant frequency.
Analysis of simulation result:
Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are and adopt PSIM software control method of the present invention to be carried out to the result of time-domain-simulation.The transverse axis of component in Fig. 4 (a), (b), (c) is time ms, and the longitudinal axis is output voltage V.The transverse axis of Fig. 5, Fig. 6 is time ms, and Fig. 5 (a) longitudinal axis is output voltage ripple information, the mV of unit, and Fig. 5 (b) is input voltage transition waveform, the V of unit.Fig. 6 (a) longitudinal axis is load current information, the A of unit, and Fig. 6 (b) is output voltage dynamic response waveform, the V of unit.As shown in Figure 4, based on input and output voltage feedback regulation constant frequency, fixedly the turn-off time (constant frequency fixed off time, CF-FOT) is controlled the simulation waveform of Buck converter when input and output voltage changes.As can be seen from the figure, when
v ref=5 V,
v induring=10 V,
t oFF=5 μ s,
t oN=5 μ s, when input voltage is increased to 20V, CF-FOT controller rapidly will
t oFFbe adjusted into 7.5 μ s,
t oNbe adjusted into 2.5 μ s, switch periods keeps 10 μ s constant, and switching frequency remains on 100 kHz.For the sudden change of input voltage, CF-FOT controls Buck converter and only shows as output voltage ripple Δ
v ovariation, its value increases in a leap to 36 mV from 25 mV, the adjustment time in a switch periods, has transient response speed faster greatly.And work as
v ref=3.3 V,
v induring=10 V,
t oFF=6.7 μ s,
t oN=3.3 μ s, and
v inunder=20V,
t oFFwith
t oNbe adjusted into respectively 8.35 μ s and 1.65 μ s, it is constant that switch periods keeps, Δ
v ofrom 22 mV, increase in a leap to 26 mV.From Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, be also not difficult to find out, when input voltage mutation and load current sudden change thereof, constant frequency fixedly turn-off time control can be adjusted rapidly output voltage to stable state, has good dynamic response performance.
The present invention, except can be used for controlling the power inverter in above-described embodiment, also can be used for the Switching Power Supply of Boost converter, Buck-boost converter constant power the electric circuit constitute.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention.All any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the fixing turn-off time control device of the constant frequency of a switch converters, comprise power circuit and control circuit, described power circuit comprises input (1), switching device (2), filter (3) and output (4), input (1) is connected to switching device (2), after switching device (2), be transferred to filter (3), after the effect of device (3), enter output (4) after filtering, described control circuit comprises output voltage checkout gear (9), reference voltage (11), comparator (10), rest-set flip-flop (12), adjustable shutoff timer (14) and drive circuit (8), output (4) is connected to output voltage checkout gear (9), output voltage checkout gear (9) and reference voltage (11) are all connected to comparator (10), after be transferred to rest-set flip-flop (12), through overdrive circuit (8), be connected to switching device (2) again, it is characterized in that: described control circuit also comprises input and output voltage feedback regulation loop, described input and output voltage feedback regulation loop comprises input voltage checkout gear (5), output voltage checkout gear (7), subtraction circuit (6) and divider (13), input (1) is connected to input voltage checkout gear (5), output (4) is connected to output voltage checkout gear (7), input voltage checkout gear (5) and output voltage checkout gear (7) are all connected to subtraction circuit (6), input voltage checkout gear (5) and subtraction circuit (6) are connected to divider (13) simultaneously, divider (13) output and rest-set flip-flop (12) output are connected to adjustable shutoff timer (14), the output of adjustable shutoff timer (14) is connected to the input of rest-set flip-flop (12).
2. the fixing turn-off time control device of the constant frequency of switch converters according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described power circuit specifically comprises switching tube S, diode D, capacitor C, load R, inductance L, the drain electrode of the positive pole of input voltage and switching tube S is joined, the anode of negative pole and diode D, one end of one end of capacitor C and load R joins, one end output negative pole being connected with load R, the negative electrode of the source electrode of switching tube S and diode D and one end of inductance L join, one end of the other end of inductance L and one end of capacitor C and load R joins, one end output cathode being connected with load R.
3. the fixing turn-off time control device of the constant frequency of switch converters according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described control circuit specifically comprises comparator, rest-set flip-flop, adjustable shutoff timer, subtraction circuit, divider, described output cathode is connected with the anode of comparator, the negative terminal of comparator connects reference voltage, the output of comparator is connected with the S of rest-set flip-flop end, rest-set flip-flop
end is connected with the grid of switching tube S by drive circuit, and R end is all connected with adjustable shutoff timer with Q end.
4. the fixing turn-off time control device of the constant frequency of switch converters according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the input of described input voltage is connected to input voltage checkout gear (5), described output cathode is connected to output voltage checkout gear (7), input voltage checkout gear (5) and output voltage checkout gear (7) are all connected to subtraction circuit (6), input voltage checkout gear (5) and subtraction circuit (6) are connected to divider (13) simultaneously, and divider (13) output is connected to adjustable shutoff timer (14).
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Cited By (2)
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| WO2020077553A1 (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2020-04-23 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | A voltage regulator with an adaptive off-time generator |
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Effective date of registration: 20201228 Address after: Building 7, no.8-2, Dutou street, Daitou Town, Liyang City, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Liyang Chang Technology Transfer Center Co.,Ltd. Address before: Gehu Lake Road Wujin District 213164 Jiangsu city of Changzhou province No. 1 Patentee before: CHANGZHOU University |