CN113725820B - Over-power protection method and circuit for flyback converter and flyback converter - Google Patents
Over-power protection method and circuit for flyback converter and flyback converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN113725820B CN113725820B CN202110601728.XA CN202110601728A CN113725820B CN 113725820 B CN113725820 B CN 113725820B CN 202110601728 A CN202110601728 A CN 202110601728A CN 113725820 B CN113725820 B CN 113725820B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/1213—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for DC-DC converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
- H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an over-power protection method of a flyback converter, a protection circuit and the flyback converter. The invention can accurately realize the over-power protection and is easy to realize.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of power electronics, and in particular, to an over-power protection method and circuit for a flyback converter, and a flyback converter.
Background
In some power supply applications, there is a need for output over-power protection, particularly in PD fast-charge adapters, where it is desirable that the adapter power be limited to a set point at different output voltages. Typically, in a flyback PWM controller as shown in fig. 1, over-power protection (OPP) is triggered by detecting the voltage of the FB (or COMP) pin when the FB pin is greater than a fixed threshold for a period of time.
Since the FB pin voltage is different for the same power point at different input voltages. Under the same load condition, the voltage of the FB pin is high when the voltage is input at low voltage, and the voltage of the FB pin is low when the voltage is input at high voltage. It is often necessary to add input voltage compensation. However, even if input voltage compensation is added, accurate over-power protection is difficult to achieve over the entire input voltage range.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an over-power protection method and circuit for a flyback converter with accurate over-power protection and the flyback converter, and solves the problem of inaccurate over-power protection in the prior art.
Based on the above object, the invention provides a control method of a flyback converter, wherein a sampling resistor is connected with a primary side main power tube of the flyback converter, a peak value of a voltage of the sampling resistor is detected to obtain a first peak value voltage, the first peak value voltage is multiplied by a target parameter to obtain a first control signal, and whether to start over-power protection is judged according to the first control signal and an over-power reference signal.
Optionally, the product of the first control signal and a fixed parameter characterizes the output power of the flyback converter, the first control signal is a variable, and the fixed parameter is a constant.
Optionally, the target parameter is a product of a synchronous rectifier duty cycle and an output voltage feedback signal.
Optionally, the target parameter is half of the product of the duty ratio of the primary side main power tube and the first current; the first current is a current flowing through the auxiliary winding during the conduction period of the main power tube.
Optionally, the target parameter is a product of the first peak voltage and the switching frequency.
Optionally, when it is determined that the over-power protection needs to be started, the primary side main power tube is turned off.
The invention also provides an over-power protection circuit of the flyback converter, wherein the sampling resistor is connected with a primary side main power tube of the flyback converter, and the voltage peak value of the sampling resistor is detected to obtain a first peak voltage;
Multiplying the first peak voltage by a target parameter to obtain a first control signal;
And judging whether the over-power protection is started or not according to the first control signal and the over-power reference signal.
Optionally, the product of the first control signal and a fixed parameter characterizes the output power of the flyback converter, the first control signal is a variable, and the fixed parameter is a constant.
Optionally, the switching time detection circuit detects the conduction time and the switching period of the secondary rectifying tube, the operation circuit calculates the duty ratio of the secondary rectifying tube according to the conduction time and the switching period of the secondary rectifying tube, and multiplies the duty ratio of the secondary rectifying tube, the first peak voltage and the output voltage feedback signal to obtain the first control signal; the first comparator compares a first control signal with an over-power reference signal, and when the first control signal is larger than the over-power reference signal, the primary side main power tube is controlled to be turned off, and over-power protection is started; and the product of the duty ratio of the secondary rectifying tube and the output voltage feedback signal is the target parameter.
Optionally, the circuit comprises an average circuit, an operation circuit and a first comparator, wherein the average circuit receives the first peak voltage, calculates the average value of the sampling resistor voltage according to the first peak voltage, and outputs an average value signal; the operation circuit multiplies the average value signal by a first current to obtain the first control signal, wherein the first current is a current flowing through an auxiliary winding during the conduction period of the main power tube; the first comparator compares a first control signal with an over-power reference signal, and when the first control signal is larger than the over-power reference signal, the primary side main power tube is controlled to be turned off, and over-power protection is started; half of the product of the first peak voltage and the duty cycle of the primary side main power tube represents the average value of sampling resistor voltages, and half of the product of the duty cycle of the primary side main power tube and the first current is the target parameter; .
Optionally, the circuit comprises an operation circuit and a first comparator, wherein the operation circuit calculates the square of the first peak voltage to obtain a first control signal, and integrates the overpower reference signal in a switching period to obtain an integrated signal; the first comparator compares the first control signal with the integral signal, and when the first control signal is larger than the integral signal, the primary side main power tube is controlled to be turned off, and the over-power protection is started; the product of the first peak voltage and the switching frequency is the target parameter.
The invention also provides a flyback converter which comprises any one of the over-power protection circuits.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: according to the invention, bias voltage is superposed at the negative voltage end of the sampling resistor to obtain a first voltage, the first peak voltage is obtained by sampling, and whether the over-power protection is started or not is judged according to the first peak voltage and the internally set reference voltage. The invention can realize accurate over-power protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a controller and peripheral circuitry of a flyback converter of the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a flyback converter over-power protection circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a flyback converter over-power protection circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a flyback converter over-power protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments only. The invention is intended to cover any alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
In the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention, and the invention will be fully understood to those skilled in the art without such details.
The invention is more particularly described by way of example in the following paragraphs with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are in a simplified form and are not to scale in order to facilitate a clear and concise description of embodiments of the present inventions.
As shown in fig. 2, a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the over-power protection circuit of the present invention is illustrated, and the specific over-power protection principle is based on a sampling protection method of p=vo×io: obtaining a feedback signal VS of the output voltage by detecting VSpin voltage, referring to FIG. 2, VSpin is a sampling pin of the output voltage of the auxiliary winding; the Io is estimated by CSpin detection information, and the output power formula is as follows:
Recombining equation (1) to obtain equation (2)
The left half of formula (2) V CS_PEAK·DS VS is variable and the right half is constant. V CS_PEAK in the formulas (1) and (2) is a VCS voltage peak value, ds is the duty ratio of the synchronous rectifying tube D1, VS is an output voltage feedback signal, np is the number of primary winding turns, ns is the number of secondary winding turns, naux is the number of auxiliary winding turns, rcs is a primary current sampling resistor, and R UP and R DOWN are the voltage dividing resistors of the output ends of the auxiliary transformers respectively. The magnitudes of V CS_PEAK, tons, ts and VS are sampled respectively, the duty ratio Ds=tons/Ton of the synchronous rectifying tube is calculated, then V CS_PEAK·DS & VS is calculated through a multiplier, the calculated result Vc1 of the product is compared with an internally set over-power reference signal Vopp, and when Vc1> Vopp, over-power protection is started.
Taking a flyback converter as an example, a sampling resistor Rcs is connected with a primary side power tube and then is connected with a ground terminal, a common connection terminal of the sampling resistor Rcs and the power tube is used as a reference ground terminal of a controller, a peak voltage sampling circuit U101 detects a peak value of the voltage of the sampling resistor to obtain a first peak voltage Vp eak, a switching time detection circuit U104 is used for schematically detecting the on time of a main power tube, the on time of a synchronous rectifying tube and a switching period, an operation circuit U102 receives the first peak voltage Vp eak, the operation circuit U102 calculates the on-off time of the flyback converter to obtain the duty ratio of a secondary side rectifying tube, calculates the first peak voltage Vp eak, the duty ratio of the secondary side rectifying tube and the output voltage to obtain a first control signal Vc1, and a first comparator U103 compares the first control signal Vc1 with an overpower reference signal Vopp to judge whether the over-power protection needs to be started.
As shown in fig. 3, a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the over-power protection circuit of the present invention is illustrated, and the specific over-power protection principle is as follows: the sampling protection method based on p=vi×ii, and the output power expression calculated based on the input power is as formula (3):
wherein D is the duty cycle of the primary side switching tube, as in the waveform of fig. 2, d=ton/Tsw; i VS is the magnitude of the current flowing out of VSpin when the primary side power tube is turned on, and other parameters are explained as in the principle of the first embodiment. The equation (3) is recombined to obtain equation (4), where the efficiency eta is considered to be approximately constant,
The left half of equation (4)The variable is the right half constant. Chip sampling/>, respectively(I.e. average value of CS voltage) and I VS, then calculating the product of the two by a multiplier, and comparing the calculated result of the product with an internally set over-power reference signal to realize over-power protection.
The corresponding schematic embodiment is as follows: similar to the first principle of the embodiment, parts of the same parts are not described in detail, the peak voltage sampling circuit U101 samples to obtain a first peak voltage Vpeak, the average value circuit U102 receives the first peak voltage Vpeak, and calculates an average value of the sampling resistor voltage according to the first peak voltage Vpeak and the duty ratio of the primary side main power tube to be the average valueThe arithmetic circuit U103 calculates the product of the average value Va of the sampled resistor voltage and the flowing VSpin pin current I VS to obtain the first control signal Vc1, and the first comparator U104 compares the first control signal Vc1 with the over-power reference signal Vopp to determine whether the over-power protection needs to be started.
As shown in fig. 4, a three principle diagram of an embodiment of the over-power protection circuit of the present invention is illustrated, and the specific over-power protection circuit principle is based on a sampling protection method of p=0.5×lm×ipeak 2×fs: the output power expression calculated based on the flyback magnetic inductance power is shown as formula (5):
Where η is the ratio of the output power to the exciting inductance power, which is approximately considered as a constant, f is the switching frequency, lm is the primary inductance, and other parameters are explained in the same manner as in the first principle of the embodiment. Recombining equation (5) to obtain equation (6):
The left half of the formula (6) V CS_PEAK 2. F is a variable, and the right half is a constant. Wherein V CS_PEAK 2. F is relatively difficult to calculate. Protection may be achieved by setting the internal over-power reference signal compared to V CS_PEAK 2. F to Vopp. V CS_PEAK 2 may be compared to Vopp/f. Vopp/f can be converted to equation (7):
Where Tsw is the switching period, vopp/f may simply be integrated and accumulated from Vopp over a switching period. The chip calculates V CS_PEAK 2 through the multiplier and compares with the Vopp/f calculated internally to realize the over-power protection.
The principle of the corresponding schematic diagram is similar to that of the first embodiment, and the details of the principle are not repeated, the peak voltage sampling circuit U101 samples the first peak voltage Vpeak, the operation circuit U102 receives the first peak voltage Vpeak, calculates the second power thereof to obtain V1, integrates the over-power reference voltage in a switching period to obtain an integrated signal V2, and the first comparator U103 compares the V1 signal with the V2 signal to determine whether the over-power protection needs to be started.
In the above embodiment, when it is determined that the over-power protection needs to be started, the main power tube is controlled to be turned off; the conduction of the main power tube can be controlled according to a clock signal or other conduction control signals.
Although the embodiments have been described and illustrated separately above, and with respect to a partially common technique, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that alternate and integration may be made between embodiments, with reference to one embodiment not explicitly described, and reference may be made to another embodiment described.
The above-described embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the above embodiments should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The over-power protection method for flyback converter is characterized in that a sampling resistor is connected with a primary side main power tube of the flyback converter, and the over-power protection method is characterized in that: detecting a peak value of the sampling resistor voltage to obtain a first peak voltage, multiplying the first peak voltage by a target parameter to obtain a first control signal, and judging whether to start over-power protection according to the first control signal and an over-power reference signal;
the target parameter is the product of the duty ratio of the synchronous rectifying tube and the output voltage feedback signal;
Or the target parameter is half of the product of the duty ratio of the primary side main power tube and the first current; the first current is a current flowing through the auxiliary winding during the conduction period of the main power tube;
Or the target parameter is the product of the first peak voltage and the switching frequency.
2. The method for protecting the over-power of the flyback converter according to claim 1, wherein: the product of the first control signal and a fixed parameter characterizes the output power of the flyback converter, the first control signal is a variable, and the fixed parameter is a constant.
3. The method for protecting the over-power of the flyback converter according to claim 1, wherein: and when judging that the over-power protection needs to be started, the primary side main power tube is turned off.
4. The utility model provides an over-power protection circuit of flyback converter, sampling resistor connects flyback converter primary side main power tube, its characterized in that:
Detecting the voltage peak value of the sampling resistor to obtain a first peak voltage;
Multiplying the first peak voltage by a target parameter to obtain a first control signal;
Judging whether the over-power protection is started or not according to the first control signal and the over-power reference signal;
The switching time detection circuit detects the conduction time and the switching period of the secondary rectifying tube, the operation circuit calculates the duty ratio of the secondary rectifying tube according to the conduction time and the switching period of the secondary rectifying tube, and multiplies the duty ratio of the secondary rectifying tube, the first peak voltage and the output voltage feedback signal to obtain the first control signal; the first comparator compares a first control signal with an over-power reference signal, and when the first control signal is larger than the over-power reference signal, the primary side main power tube is controlled to be turned off, and over-power protection is started; and the product of the duty ratio of the secondary rectifying tube and the output voltage feedback signal is the target parameter.
5. The flyback converter of claim 4 wherein: the product of the first control signal and a fixed parameter characterizes the output power of the flyback converter, the first control signal is a variable, and the fixed parameter is a constant.
6. The utility model provides an over-power protection circuit of flyback converter, sampling resistor connects flyback converter primary side main power tube, its characterized in that:
Detecting the voltage peak value of the sampling resistor to obtain a first peak voltage;
Multiplying the first peak voltage by a target parameter to obtain a first control signal;
Judging whether the over-power protection is started or not according to the first control signal and the over-power reference signal;
The device comprises an average circuit, an operation circuit and a first comparator, wherein the average circuit receives the first peak voltage, calculates the average value of sampling resistor voltage according to the first peak voltage and outputs an average value signal; the operation circuit multiplies the average value signal by a first current to obtain the first control signal, wherein the first current is a current flowing through an auxiliary winding during the conduction period of the main power tube; the first comparator compares a first control signal with an over-power reference signal, and when the first control signal is larger than the over-power reference signal, the primary side main power tube is controlled to be turned off, and over-power protection is started; and half of the product of the first peak voltage and the duty ratio of the primary side main power tube represents the average value of the sampling resistor voltage, and half of the product of the duty ratio of the primary side main power tube and the first current is the target parameter.
7. The utility model provides an over-power protection circuit of flyback converter, sampling resistor connects flyback converter primary side main power tube, its characterized in that:
Detecting the voltage peak value of the sampling resistor to obtain a first peak voltage;
Multiplying the first peak voltage by a target parameter to obtain a first control signal;
Judging whether the over-power protection is started or not according to the first control signal and the over-power reference signal;
The power supply circuit comprises an operation circuit and a first comparator, wherein the operation circuit calculates the square of the first peak voltage to obtain a first control signal, and integrates an overpower reference signal in a switching period to obtain an integrated signal; the first comparator compares the first control signal with the integral signal, and when the first control signal is larger than the integral signal, the primary side main power tube is controlled to be turned off, and the over-power protection is started; the product of the first peak voltage and the switching frequency is the target parameter.
8. A flyback converter, characterized by: comprising an over-power protection circuit as claimed in any one of claims 4-7.
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CN114710008B (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-09-23 | 杭州灵伴科技有限公司 | Explosion-proof subassembly and head-mounted display device based on power split |
CN115603283B (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-03-21 | 珠海智融科技股份有限公司 | Flyback protection circuit |
CN115912936B (en) * | 2023-01-03 | 2023-06-06 | 成都智融微电子有限公司 | Flyback switching power supply circuit, flyback switching power supply control method and power supply equipment |
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