CN113722839A - Method and device for calculating section size of longitudinal beam of frame of liquid tank semitrailer and storage medium - Google Patents

Method and device for calculating section size of longitudinal beam of frame of liquid tank semitrailer and storage medium Download PDF

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CN113722839A
CN113722839A CN202111132589.7A CN202111132589A CN113722839A CN 113722839 A CN113722839 A CN 113722839A CN 202111132589 A CN202111132589 A CN 202111132589A CN 113722839 A CN113722839 A CN 113722839A
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stress parameter
longitudinal beam
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CN113722839B (en
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郑英杰
齐小军
余泽刚
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Jiangmen Polytechnic
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Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a method and equipment for calculating the section size of a longitudinal beam of a frame of a liquid tank semi-trailer and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining axle parameters and wheelbase parameters of the semitrailer, and obtaining single axle load based on the axle parameters and the wheelbase parameters; obtaining a calculation formula of the acting force of the suspension air bag under different types of working conditions based on the load of a single axle; acquiring the section size of an initial longitudinal beam; obtaining a first section maximum stress parameter and a second section maximum stress parameter based on the initial longitudinal beam section size and the suspension air bag acting force calculation formula; and under the condition that the first section maximum stress parameter and the second section maximum stress parameter are both smaller than the material allowable stress parameter, and the first difference value and the second difference value are not larger than a preset threshold value, determining the initial longitudinal beam section size as the final frame longitudinal beam section size. According to the scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the section size of the frame longitudinal beam can be quickly and simply calculated, and the lightweight development of the frame is further promoted.

Description

Method and device for calculating section size of longitudinal beam of frame of liquid tank semitrailer and storage medium
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of design of liquid tank semitrailer frames, in particular to a method and equipment for calculating the cross section size of a longitudinal beam of a liquid tank semitrailer frame and a storage medium.
Background
With the rapid development of the logistics transportation industry, the tank-type semi-trailer transportation mode which is efficient, economical and large in carrying capacity gradually becomes the first choice of the logistics transportation industry of liquid food, chemicals, finished oil and the like. The frame of the semitrailer is used as a main bearing part to bear various loads inside and outside the semitrailer, and the reliability of the frame directly determines whether the semitrailer can normally run and the running safety. The liquid tank semitrailer frame is generally a welded frame structure, and the main structure of the tank body bearing type semitrailer frame on the market is composed of two main bearing longitudinal beams, the main longitudinal beams are mostly I-shaped cross-section beams, and a cross beam is welded between the two longitudinal beams so as to increase the bending strength and the torsional strength of the frame.
At present, domestic tank car production enterprises determine the size of the frame longitudinal beam according to experience or by adopting a finite element method; although the finite element analysis method has the characteristics of high calculation result precision, wide application range and the like, the problems of high calculation cost, long period and the like exist because the required calculation time is long and the requirement on an analyst is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art.
Therefore, the invention provides a method for calculating the section size of the longitudinal beam of the frame of the liquid tank semi-trailer, which can be used for quickly, simply and conveniently calculating the section size of the longitudinal beam of the frame, solving the problem that the calculation method of the longitudinal beam of the frame is not mature in the design process of the liquid tank semi-trailer and further promoting the light weight development of the frame.
The invention also provides equipment applying the method for calculating the section size of the longitudinal beam of the frame of the liquid tank semitrailer.
The invention also provides a computer readable storage medium applying the method for calculating the section size of the longitudinal beam of the frame of the liquid tank semitrailer.
According to the invention, the method for calculating the section size of the longitudinal beam of the liquid tank semi-trailer frame comprises the following steps:
obtaining axle parameters and wheelbase parameters of a semitrailer, and obtaining single axle load based on the axle parameters and the wheelbase parameters;
obtaining a calculation formula of the acting force of the suspension air bag under different types of working conditions based on the load of the single axle;
acquiring the section size of an initial longitudinal beam;
obtaining a first section maximum stress parameter of an air bag mounting point and a second section maximum stress parameter of a suspension bracket mounting point based on the initial longitudinal beam section size and the suspension air bag acting force calculation formula;
determining the initial longitudinal beam cross-sectional dimension as the final frame longitudinal beam cross-sectional dimension under the condition that the first cross-sectional maximum stress parameter and the second cross-sectional maximum stress parameter are both smaller than the material allowable stress parameter, and the first difference value and the second difference value are not larger than a preset threshold value; the first difference is used for representing the difference between the first section maximum stress parameter and the material allowable stress parameter, and the second difference is used for representing the difference between the second section maximum stress parameter and the material allowable stress parameter.
The method for calculating the section size of the longitudinal beam of the frame of the liquid tank semi-trailer provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects: firstly, obtaining axle parameters and wheelbase parameters of a semitrailer, and obtaining single axle load based on the axle parameters and the wheelbase parameters; then based on the load of the single axle, obtaining a calculation formula of the acting force of the suspension air bag under different types of working conditions; then, acquiring the section size of the initial longitudinal beam; then, based on the initial longitudinal beam section size and the suspension air bag acting force calculation formula, obtaining a first section maximum stress parameter of an air bag mounting point and a second section maximum stress parameter of a suspension bracket mounting point; determining the initial longitudinal beam cross-sectional dimension as the final frame longitudinal beam cross-sectional dimension under the condition that the first cross-sectional maximum stress parameter and the second cross-sectional maximum stress parameter are both smaller than the material allowable stress parameter, and the first difference value and the second difference value are not larger than a preset threshold value; according to the technical scheme, the section size of the frame longitudinal beam can be quickly, simply and conveniently calculated, the problem that a frame longitudinal beam calculation method is not mature in the design process of the liquid tank semi-trailer is solved, and meanwhile, the lightweight development of the frame is further promoted.
According to some embodiments of the invention, said deriving a single axle load based on said axle parameter and said wheelbase parameter comprises:
obtaining the maximum bearing load of the axle group based on the axle parameters and the wheelbase parameters;
and obtaining the load of the single axle based on the maximum bearing load of the axle group and a load calculation formula.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the load calculation formula may be expressed as
Figure BDA0003279200130000021
Wherein G isAFor single axle load, GGeneral assemblyThe maximum bearing load of the shaft group is shown, and n is the number of shafts.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the different types of operating conditions include straight running, braking, and cornering.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the deriving the suspension airbag force calculation formula under different types of operating conditions based on the single axle load comprises:
establishing a frame mechanical model based on the single axle load;
carrying out stress analysis on the frame mechanical model to obtain a frame force diagram;
and obtaining a calculation formula of the acting force of the suspension air bag under different types of working conditions according to the frame force diagram.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the calculation formula of the force of the suspension airbag under different types of working conditions can be expressed as:
linear operation:
Figure BDA0003279200130000031
braking:
Figure BDA0003279200130000032
turning:
Figure BDA0003279200130000033
wherein, FAIndicating the applied force to the axle, FNRepresenting the reaction force F of the ground to the wheelN＝FA/2，L1Indicating the front length of the spring beam, L2Indicating the length of the rear part of the spring beam, Z being the braking performance, HATo a turnover height with respect to the road surface, FQIs centrifugal force during turning
Figure BDA0003279200130000034
HeIs the height of the center of gravity from the bolt hole of the spring beam, HSThe height of gravity center from ground, FM the center distance of suspension, SP the wheel distance, FLZIs the sum of the acting forces on the air bag in the vertical direction under the braking working condition, FKa2The vertical acting force of the outer side suspension air bag under the turning working condition.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first cross-sectional maximum stress parameter comprises a balloon mounting point bending normal stress, a balloon mounting point bending shear stress, and a balloon mounting point combined stress; the first cross-sectional maximum stress parameter may be calculated as follows:
bending normal stress of the airbag mounting point: sigmaC＝Mmax/WZ
Bending shear stress at the airbag mounting point:
Figure BDA0003279200130000035
combined stress of airbag mounting points:
Figure BDA0003279200130000036
wherein M ismaxThe maximum bending moment, W, to which the longitudinal beams are subjectedZIs the flexural section modulus, F, of the stringerSThe maximum shear force to which the stringer is subjected, AAbdomen coverFor web area of stringer；
The second section maximum stress parameter comprises a first mounting point tangential stress and a second mounting point tangential stress, and the calculation formulas of the first mounting point tangential stress and the second mounting point tangential stress can be expressed as follows:
τ(A/B)＝FS/Aabdomen cover
Wherein, tau(A/B)For the first and second mounting point shear stress, FSThe maximum shear force to which the stringer is subjected, AAbdomen coverIs the stringer web area.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the determining the initial rail cross-sectional dimension to be a final frame rail cross-sectional dimension in a case where the first cross-sectional maximum stress parameter and the second cross-sectional maximum stress parameter are both smaller than the material allowable stress parameter, and neither the first difference nor the second difference is larger than a preset threshold value comprises:
comparing and judging the first cross-section maximum stress parameter and the second cross-section maximum stress parameter with the material allowable stress parameter respectively;
when the first section maximum stress parameter or the second section maximum stress parameter is greater than the material allowable stress parameter, or the first section maximum stress parameter and the second section maximum stress parameter are both less than the material allowable stress parameter, and the first difference or the second difference is greater than a preset threshold, adjusting the dimension of the section of the initial longitudinal beam, recalculating to obtain the first section maximum stress parameter and the second section maximum stress parameter, and performing the comparison and judgment again;
and determining the initial longitudinal beam cross-sectional dimension as the final frame longitudinal beam cross-sectional dimension under the condition that the first cross-sectional maximum stress parameter and the second cross-sectional maximum stress parameter are both smaller than the material allowable stress parameter, and the first difference or the second difference is not larger than a preset threshold.
An apparatus according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, comprising: the calculation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of storing a computer program, and storing the computer program on a memory and running the computer program on the processor.
According to the third aspect of the invention, the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by the control processor, the method for calculating the section size of the longitudinal beam of the frame of the tank semitrailer is realized.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosed embodiments and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the example serve to explain the principles of the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for calculating a cross-sectional dimension of a longitudinal beam of a frame of a liquid tank semi-trailer according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed flow chart of calculating single axle loads provided by one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a detailed flow chart for deriving a suspension airbag force calculation formula according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a detailed flow chart for deriving the final frame rail cross-sectional dimension provided by one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a semitrailer for a liquid tank according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the rear frame of the tank semitrailer in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a frame rail force diagram provided by one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a bending moment and shear diagram of a frame rail provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an axle diagram provided by one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a suspension bracket and air bag diagram for a straight-line driving condition provided by one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a force diagram of a suspension bracket and air bag under braking conditions provided by one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a force diagram of a suspension strut and air bag under cornering conditions according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a side elevational view of a semitrailer frame rail provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a dimension chart of the longitudinal beam of the semitrailer frame obtained based on a method for calculating the dimension of the cross section of the longitudinal beam of the liquid tank semitrailer frame according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus configuration provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
The invention provides a method, equipment and a storage medium for calculating the section size of a longitudinal beam of a frame of a liquid tank semi-trailer, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining axle parameters and wheelbase parameters of a semitrailer, and obtaining single axle load based on the axle parameters and the wheelbase parameters; obtaining a calculation formula of the acting force of the suspension air bag under different types of working conditions based on the load of the single axle; acquiring the section size of an initial longitudinal beam; obtaining a first section maximum stress parameter of an air bag mounting point and a second section maximum stress parameter of a suspension bracket mounting point based on the initial longitudinal beam section size and the suspension air bag acting force calculation formula; determining the initial longitudinal beam cross-sectional dimension as the final frame longitudinal beam cross-sectional dimension under the condition that the first cross-sectional maximum stress parameter and the second cross-sectional maximum stress parameter are both smaller than the material allowable stress parameter, and the first difference value and the second difference value are not larger than a preset threshold value; the first difference is used for representing the difference between the first section maximum stress parameter and the material allowable stress parameter, and the second difference is used for representing the difference between the second section maximum stress parameter and the material allowable stress parameter. According to the technical scheme, the section size of the frame longitudinal beam can be quickly, simply and conveniently calculated, the problem that a frame longitudinal beam calculation method is not mature in the design process of the liquid tank semi-trailer is solved, and meanwhile, the lightweight development of the frame is further promoted.
The embodiments of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for calculating a cross-sectional dimension of a longitudinal beam of a frame of a liquid tank semi-trailer according to an embodiment of the invention. The method includes but is not limited to step S100, step S200, step S300, step S400 and step S500:
s100, obtaining axle parameters and wheelbase parameters of the semitrailer and obtaining single axle load based on the axle parameters and the wheelbase parameters;
s200, obtaining a calculation formula of acting force of the suspension air bag under different types of working conditions based on the load of a single axle;
step S300, obtaining the section size of an initial longitudinal beam;
step S400, obtaining a first section maximum stress parameter of an air bag mounting point and a second section maximum stress parameter of a suspension bracket mounting point based on an initial longitudinal beam section size and a suspension air bag acting force calculation formula;
step S500, determining the initial longitudinal beam cross section size as the final frame longitudinal beam cross section size under the condition that the first cross section maximum stress parameter and the second cross section maximum stress parameter are both smaller than the material allowable stress parameter, and the first difference value and the second difference value are not larger than a preset threshold value; the first difference is used for representing the difference between the maximum stress parameter of the first section and the allowable stress parameter of the material, and the second difference is used for representing the difference between the maximum stress parameter of the second section and the allowable stress parameter of the material.
The method comprises the following steps of acquiring axle parameters and wheelbase parameters of a semitrailer, and obtaining the load of a single axle based on the axle parameters and the wheelbase parameters; obtaining a calculation formula of the acting force of the suspension air bag under different types of working conditions based on the load of the single axle; acquiring the section size of an initial longitudinal beam; obtaining a first section maximum stress parameter of an air bag mounting point and a second section maximum stress parameter of a suspension bracket mounting point based on the initial longitudinal beam section size and the suspension air bag acting force calculation formula; determining the initial longitudinal beam cross-sectional dimension as the final frame longitudinal beam cross-sectional dimension under the condition that the first cross-sectional maximum stress parameter and the second cross-sectional maximum stress parameter are both smaller than the material allowable stress parameter, and the first difference value and the second difference value are not larger than a preset threshold value; the first difference is used for representing the difference between the first section maximum stress parameter and the material allowable stress parameter, and the second difference is used for representing the difference between the second section maximum stress parameter and the material allowable stress parameter. According to the technical scheme, the section size of the frame longitudinal beam can be quickly, simply and conveniently calculated, the problem that a frame longitudinal beam calculation method is not mature in the design process of the liquid tank semi-trailer is solved, and meanwhile, the lightweight development of the frame is further promoted.
It is worth noting that under the condition that the first cross-section maximum stress parameter and the second cross-section maximum stress parameter are both smaller than the material allowable stress parameter through setting a preset threshold value, the first cross-section maximum stress parameter and the second cross-section maximum stress parameter are closer to the material allowable stress parameter; different strength judgment criteria are adopted for different positions of the longitudinal beam, so that the section size of the obtained longitudinal beam is more scientific and reasonable, the material waste is reduced, and the lightweight development of the frame is promoted. Illustratively, the preset threshold is 2, the first cross-sectional maximum stress parameter is 4, the second cross-sectional maximum stress parameter is 5, and the allowable material stress parameter is 8, then the first difference is initially 4, and the second difference is initially 3, so that both the first difference and the second difference are greater than the preset threshold; and readjusting the section size of the initial longitudinal beam to obtain a new first section maximum stress parameter of 6, a new second section maximum stress parameter of 7, wherein the new first difference is 2, and the new second difference is 1, and the readjusted section size of the initial longitudinal beam is determined as the section size of the final frame longitudinal beam.
It should be noted that, the preliminary longitudinal beam cross-sectional dimension is obtained in combination with the mounting requirements of the suspension and the accessories and the manufacturing process requirements. The vehicle is under the action of different loads when running and standing still, and the loads on the frame under different working conditions are different. In combination with the requirement of GB18564.1 on strength calculation, three typical working conditions of straight running, braking and turning are mainly considered during the calculation of the strength of the vehicle frame.
In addition, in an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the step S100 may include, but is not limited to, step S110 and step S120.
Step S110, obtaining the maximum bearing load of the axle group based on the axle parameters and the wheelbase parameters;
and step S120, obtaining the load of a single axle based on the maximum bearing load of the axle group and a load calculation formula.
It should be noted that, the maximum bearing load of the axle group is obtained based on the axle parameters and the wheelbase parameters, and then the load of a single axle is obtained based on the maximum bearing load of the axle group and a load calculation formula. According to the axle parameters and the wheelbase parameters, the maximum bearing load of the axle group can be obtained according to the GB1589 specification.
In some embodiments of the invention, the load calculation formula may be expressed as
Figure BDA0003279200130000071
Wherein G isAFor single axle load, GGeneral assemblyThe maximum bearing load of the shaft group is shown, and n is the number of shafts.
In some embodiments of the invention, the different types of operating conditions include straight running, braking, and cornering.
In addition, in an embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the step S200 may include, but is not limited to, step S210, step S220, and step S230.
Step S210, establishing a frame mechanical model based on the load of a single axle;
step S220, carrying out stress analysis on the frame mechanical model to obtain a frame stress diagram;
and step S230, obtaining a calculation formula of the acting force of the suspension air bag under different types of working conditions according to the frame force diagram.
The method comprises the steps of firstly, establishing a frame mechanical model based on the load of a single axle, and then carrying out stress analysis on the frame mechanical model to obtain a frame force diagram; and finally, obtaining a calculation formula of the acting force of the suspension air bag under different types of working conditions according to the frame force diagram.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the calculation formula of the force of the suspension airbag under different types of working conditions can be expressed as:
linear operation:
Figure BDA0003279200130000072
braking:
Figure BDA0003279200130000073
turning:
Figure BDA0003279200130000081
wherein, FAIndicating the applied force to the axle, FNRepresenting the reaction force F of the ground to the wheelN＝FA/2，L1Indicating the front length of the spring beam, L2Indicating the length of the rear part of the spring beam, Z being the braking performance, HATo a turnover height with respect to the road surface, FQIs centrifugal force during turning
Figure BDA0003279200130000082
HeIs the height of the center of gravity from the bolt hole of the spring beam, HSThe height of gravity center from ground, FM the center distance of suspension, SP the wheel distance, FLZIs the sum of the acting forces on the air bag in the vertical direction under the braking working condition, FKa2The vertical acting force of the outer side suspension air bag under the turning working condition.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first cross-sectional maximum stress parameter comprises a balloon mounting point bending normal stress, a balloon mounting point bending shear stress, and a balloon mounting point combined stress; the first cross-sectional maximum stress parameter may be calculated as follows:
bending normal stress of the airbag mounting point: sigmaC＝Mmax/WZ
Bending shear stress at the airbag mounting point:
Figure BDA0003279200130000083
combined stress of airbag mounting points:
Figure BDA0003279200130000084
wherein M ismaxThe maximum bending moment, W, to which the longitudinal beams are subjectedZIs the flexural section modulus, F, of the stringerSThe maximum shear force to which the stringer is subjected, AAbdomen coverIs the area of the web of the longitudinal beam;
the second section maximum stress parameter comprises a first mounting point tangential stress and a second mounting point tangential stress, and the calculation formulas of the first mounting point tangential stress and the second mounting point tangential stress can be expressed as follows:
τ(A/B)＝FS/Aabdomen cover
Wherein, tau(A/B)For the first and second mounting point shear stress, FSThe maximum shear force to which the stringer is subjected, AAbdomen coverIs the stringer web area.
In addition, in an embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the step S500 may include, but is not limited to, step S510, step S520, and step S530.
Step S510, comparing and judging the first section maximum stress parameter and the second section maximum stress parameter with the allowable material stress parameter respectively;
step S520, when the first section maximum stress parameter or the second section maximum stress parameter is larger than the material allowable stress parameter, or the first section maximum stress parameter and the second section maximum stress parameter are both smaller than the material allowable stress parameter, and the first difference value or the second difference value is larger than a preset threshold value, adjusting the size of the section of the initial longitudinal beam, recalculating to obtain the first section maximum stress parameter and the second section maximum stress parameter, and performing comparison and judgment processing again;
step S530, determining the initial longitudinal beam cross section size as the final frame longitudinal beam cross section size under the condition that the first cross section maximum stress parameter and the second cross section maximum stress parameter are both smaller than the material allowable stress parameter, and the first difference or the second difference is not larger than a preset threshold.
Firstly, comparing and judging the first cross-section maximum stress parameter and the second cross-section maximum stress parameter with the material allowable stress parameter respectively; when the first section maximum stress parameter or the second section maximum stress parameter is larger than the material allowable stress parameter, or the first section maximum stress parameter and the second section maximum stress parameter are both smaller than the material allowable stress parameter, and the first difference value or the second difference value is larger than a preset threshold value, adjusting the dimension of the section of the initial longitudinal beam, recalculating to obtain the first section maximum stress parameter and the second section maximum stress parameter, and performing comparison judgment processing again; and under the condition that the first section maximum stress parameter and the second section maximum stress parameter are both smaller than the material allowable stress parameter, and the first difference or the second difference is not larger than a preset threshold, determining the initial longitudinal beam section size as the final frame longitudinal beam section size. Through the mode, the first section maximum stress parameter and the second section maximum stress parameter are close to the material allowable stress parameter by adjusting the initial longitudinal beam section size, so that the obtained frame longitudinal beam section size is more reasonable, the mechanical property of the material is fully exerted, the weight of the longitudinal beam is reduced on the basis of ensuring the strength of the longitudinal beam, and the method has important significance for the lightweight design of a weight-pushing frame.
It is worth noting that the allowable stresses of the material are determined, and the load to which the frame of the semitrailer is subjected during normal operation of the semitrailer varies. Under the action of dynamic load, the stress and deformation of the component are 2 times of the static load. The allowable material stress is calculated by the following formula.
Allowable tensile stress:
Figure BDA0003279200130000091
allowable shear stress:
Figure BDA0003279200130000092
in the formula, σsIs the yield strength of the material.
Judging whether the stress of the mounting point of the suspension bracket meets the requirement
Figure BDA0003279200130000093
Whether the stress of the mounting point of the air bag meets sigma or notGroup of≤[σ]Required and as close as possible to the allowable stress of the material. If the vertical beam is not vertical, the section sizes of the longitudinal beams at the mounting point of the hanging bracket and the mounting point of the air bag are required to be adjusted so as to meet the requirements.
Through the technical scheme, the frame stress model is reasonably simplified, and a calculation formula of the acting force of the suspension air bag with stronger universality is deduced according to the suspension characteristics; the stress of the frame longitudinal beam can be quickly solved only by substituting the suspended part of the dimension, so that the difficulty of analyzing the stress of the longitudinal beam by technicians is greatly reduced; the allowable stress of the material is converted by adopting a reasonable safety coefficient, and the dynamic load is calculated by using a static analysis method, so that the calculation difficulty is greatly reduced on the basis of ensuring safety and reliability; different strength judgment criteria are adopted for different positions of the longitudinal beam, so that the section size of the obtained longitudinal beam is more scientific and reasonable, the material waste is reduced, and the lightweight development of the frame is promoted.
In order to more clearly describe the specific flow of the method for calculating the section size of the longitudinal beam of the liquid tank semi-trailer provided by the embodiment of the invention, a specific example is described below.
Referring to fig. 5 to 14, according to the regulation of GB1589, the maximum allowable bearing load of the axle set can be obtained according to the parameters of the number of axles, the wheel base and the like of the semitrailer. And the calculated load of a single axle is calculated according to the following formula.
Figure BDA0003279200130000101
In the formula, GALoad of a single axle, GGeneral assemblyAnd n is the maximum allowable load of the shaft group.
And taking a middle axle as a research object based on the assumption of uniform distribution of the axle load, and obtaining a force diagram, a bending moment diagram and a shear diagram of the longitudinal beam. By analyzing the stress of the axle suspension, the acting force of the suspension air bag on the longitudinal beam under three working conditions can be deduced.
The acting force of the suspension air bag on the longitudinal beam under the linear operation working condition is calculated by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0003279200130000102
Figure BDA0003279200130000103
the acting force of the suspension air bag on the longitudinal beam under the braking working condition is calculated by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0003279200130000104
Figure BDA0003279200130000105
Figure BDA0003279200130000106
FLZ＝FLN+ΔFZB
the above formula can be obtained by combining
Figure BDA0003279200130000107
In the formula, FAIndicating the applied force to the axle, FNIndicating the reaction force of the ground to the wheel, L1Indicating the front length of the spring beam, L2Indicating the length of the rear part of the spring beam, Z being the braking performance, HATo a turnover height with respect to the road surface, FLZIs the sum of the acting force of the air bag in the vertical direction.
The acting force of the suspension air bag on the longitudinal beam under the turning working condition is calculated by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0003279200130000111
Figure BDA0003279200130000112
in the formula, FQIs the centrifugal force during overturning HeIs the height of the center of gravity from the bolt hole of the spring beam, HSThe height of gravity center from ground, FM the center distance of suspension, SP the wheel distance, FKa2The acting force is applied to the outer side air bag in the vertical direction.
It should be noted that, in the process of deriving the formula, the invention generally simplifies the axle suspension, i.e., the basic characteristics of the air suspension are retained to derive the formula, so that the formula has generality for the air suspension.
According to the manufacturing process, the axle suspension and the installation requirements of accessories, the section size of the longitudinal beam is initially determined.
Calculating maximum stress of the stringer
At point C (airbag mounting point), the beam cross section has not only bending normal stress but also shear stress. At point A, B (the suspension bracket mounting point) is subjected to shear stress only. A. The maximum stress at point B, C is calculated using the following formula.
Bending normal stress at point C: sigmaC＝Mmax/WZ
Bending shear stress at point C:
Figure BDA0003279200130000113
c-point combined stress:
Figure BDA0003279200130000114
A. b-point shear stress: tau is(A/B)＝FS/AAbdomen cover
In the formula, MmaxThe maximum bending moment, W, to which the longitudinal beams are subjectedZIs the flexural section modulus, F, of the stringerSThe maximum shear force to which the stringer is subjected, AAbdomen coverIs the stringer web area.
Calculating allowable stress of the material according to the following formula and judging whether the stress at point A, B meets the requirement of tau(A/B)≤[τ]Whether the stress at the C point satisfies sigmaGroup of≤[σ]Required and as close as possible to the allowable stress of the material. If the position is not right, the section size of the longitudinal beam at A, B or C needs to be adjusted to meet the requirement.
Allowable tensile stress:
Figure BDA0003279200130000115
allowable shear stress:
Figure BDA0003279200130000121
specifically, the method is applied to a specific vehicle model to illustrate the specific implementation mode and effect of the invention.
Referring to fig. 5-14, the present invention is exemplified by a model of a vehicle on the market, such as the three-axle semi-trailer tank truck shown in fig. 5. The size of the frame longitudinal beam is calculated by adopting the method, and the reasonability of the calculation result is illustrated by comparing the calculation result with an actual product.
The semitrailer longitudinal beam in the example adopts I-steel, and the basic size is as follows: width 150mm, height 150mm, web thickness 5mm, wing thickness 10mm, see fig. 13; the axle uses a certain brand of domestic lightweight air suspension axle, and relevant dimension parameters of the air suspension are shown in a table 1.
TABLE 1 certain air suspension size parameter
Figure BDA0003279200130000122
The method comprises the following steps: determining single axle load
The maximum allowable axle load of a trailer three-axle group (the distance between two adjacent axles is more than 1300mm and is less than or equal to 1400mm) is 24000Kg according to GB 1589. Thus, a load per axle of 8000Kg can be obtained.
Step two: calculating the restraint counter force of the suspension air bag under different working conditions
The restraining counter forces of the suspension air bag to the longitudinal beam under the three working conditions can be respectively calculated according to a formula, and the calculation results are shown in a table 2.
TABLE 2 formula and result for calculating the air bag acting force under various working conditions
Figure BDA0003279200130000123
Step three: preliminarily determining the section size of the longitudinal beam
This kind of motorcycle type, frame and saddle adopt bolted connection, connect the face and must have certain width, combine the installation requirement that air hung, can confirm that the solebar adopts "worker" word roof beam, and the cross-section width is 150 mm. And different section heights are adopted for points C (airbag mounting points) and A, B (suspension bracket mounting points) on the longitudinal beam.
Step four: calculating the maximum stress of the longitudinal beam at the position of the suspension bracket and the air bag
The bending section modulus of the section is calculated according to the initially determined section size of the longitudinal beam, the maximum stress of the section A (airbag mounting point) and the section B (suspension bracket mounting point) is calculated by substituting the maximum stress calculation formula of the longitudinal beam, and the calculation result is shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 maximum stress values in cross section
Figure BDA0003279200130000131
Step five: and (6) judging whether the stress on the section of A, B is smaller than the allowable stress of the material and is as close to the allowable stress of the material as possible, if not, adjusting the section size of the longitudinal beam to meet the requirement.
TABLE 4 allowable stress for frame rail material
Material Yield strength sigmas Allowable tensile stress [ sigma ]] Allowable shear stress [ tau ]]
Q345 345 172.5 86.3
As can be seen from tables 3 and 4, the maximum stress of the cross section satisfies the strength requirement, and therefore the cross-sectional dimension of the side member is assumed to be reasonable. At the end of the whole calculation process, the calculation result obtained by the method is compared with the original product, the original product is designed according to an empirical method, and the comparison result is shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 comparison of the results of the calculations for a single stringer
Figure BDA0003279200130000132
In order to further verify the reliability of the method, the frame is redesigned according to the method, a sample vehicle is produced for test verification, and the frame longitudinal beam designed by the method is used through actual verification, so that the condition of insufficient strength does not occur in the normal running process of the vehicle, and the correctness of the method is further verified.
In conclusion, the calculation method provided by the invention performs detailed stress analysis on the axle suspension on the premise of making reasonable assumption on the axle load, and develops a calculation formula of the acting force of the suspension air bag under different working conditions with universality. On the basis, the stress of the longitudinal beam of the frame is distinguished, and different strength judgment criteria are adopted. The obtained frame longitudinal beam has more reasonable section size, the mechanical property of the material is fully exerted, the weight of the longitudinal beam is reduced on the basis of ensuring the strength of the longitudinal beam, and the design method has important significance on the lightweight design of the weight-pushing frame.
Further, as shown in fig. 15, an embodiment of the present invention also provides an apparatus including: the memory 800, the processor 700 and the computer program stored on the memory 800 and capable of running on the processor 700, when the processor 700 executes the computer program, implement the method for calculating the section size of the vehicle frame longitudinal beam of the tank semitrailer in the above-mentioned embodiment, for example, the method steps S100 to S500 in fig. 1, the method steps S110 to S120 in fig. 2, the method steps S210 to S230 in fig. 3 and the method steps S510 to S530 in fig. 4 described above are executed.
Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which are executed by a processor or a controller, for example, by a processor in the above-mentioned apparatus embodiment, and enable the processor to execute the method for calculating the cross-sectional dimension of the frame rail of the tank semitrailer in the above-mentioned embodiment, for example, the method steps S100 to S500 in fig. 1, the method steps S110 to S120 in fig. 2, the method steps S210 to S230 in fig. 3, and the method steps S510 to S530 in fig. 4, which are described above.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps, systems, and methods disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. Some or all of the physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on computer readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). The term computer storage media includes volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, Digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can accessed by a computer. In addition, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media as known to those skilled in the art.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and various other changes, omissions and deviations in the form and detail thereof may be made without departing from the scope of this invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for calculating the cross section size of a longitudinal beam of a liquid tank semi-trailer frame is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining axle parameters and wheelbase parameters of a semitrailer, and obtaining single axle load based on the axle parameters and the wheelbase parameters;
obtaining a calculation formula of the acting force of the suspension air bag under different types of working conditions based on the load of the single axle;
acquiring the section size of an initial longitudinal beam;
obtaining a first section maximum stress parameter of an air bag mounting point and a second section maximum stress parameter of a suspension bracket mounting point based on the initial longitudinal beam section size and the suspension air bag acting force calculation formula;
determining the initial longitudinal beam cross-sectional dimension as the final frame longitudinal beam cross-sectional dimension under the condition that the first cross-sectional maximum stress parameter and the second cross-sectional maximum stress parameter are both smaller than the material allowable stress parameter, and the first difference value and the second difference value are not larger than a preset threshold value; the first difference is used for representing the difference between the first section maximum stress parameter and the material allowable stress parameter, and the second difference is used for representing the difference between the second section maximum stress parameter and the material allowable stress parameter.
2. The method of calculating a cross-sectional dimension of a rail of a tank semi-trailer frame as defined in claim 1, wherein said deriving a single axle load based on said axle parameter and said wheelbase parameter comprises:
obtaining the maximum bearing load of the axle group based on the axle parameters and the wheelbase parameters;
and obtaining the load of the single axle based on the maximum bearing load of the axle group and a load calculation formula.
3. The method for calculating the section size of the longitudinal beam of the frame of the liquid tank semitrailer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the load calculation formula can be expressed as
Figure FDA0003279200120000011
Wherein G isAFor single axle load, GGeneral assemblyThe maximum bearing load of the shaft group is shown, and n is the number of shafts.
4. The method of calculating the cross-sectional dimension of the rail of the tank semi-trailer frame as set forth in claim 1, wherein said different types of operating conditions include straight running, braking and cornering.
5. The method for calculating the section size of the longitudinal beam of the liquid tank trailer frame according to claim 4, wherein the calculation formula for the acting force of the suspension air bag under different types of working conditions is obtained based on the single axle load, and comprises the following steps:
establishing a frame mechanical model based on the single axle load;
carrying out stress analysis on the frame mechanical model to obtain a frame force diagram;
and obtaining a calculation formula of the acting force of the suspension air bag under different types of working conditions according to the frame force diagram.
6. The method for calculating the section size of the longitudinal beam of the liquid tank semi-trailer frame as claimed in claim 5, wherein the calculation formula of the acting force of the suspension air bag under different types of working conditions can be expressed as follows:
linear operation:
Figure FDA0003279200120000021
braking:
Figure FDA0003279200120000022
turning:
Figure FDA0003279200120000023
wherein, FAIndicating the applied force to the axle, FNRepresenting the reaction force F of the ground to the wheelN＝FA/2，L1Indicating the front length of the spring beam, L2Indicating the length of the rear part of the spring beam, Z being the braking performance, HATo a turnover height with respect to the road surface, FQIs centrifugal force during turning
Figure FDA0003279200120000024
HeIs the height of the center of gravity from the bolt hole of the spring beam, HSThe height of gravity center from ground, FM the center distance of suspension, SP the wheel distance, FLZIs the sum of the acting forces on the air bag in the vertical direction under the braking working condition, FKa2The vertical acting force of the outer side suspension air bag under the turning working condition.
7. The method for calculating the cross-sectional dimension of the longitudinal beam of the frame of the liquid tank semi-trailer as set forth in claim 1, wherein the first cross-sectional maximum stress parameter comprises an airbag mounting point bending normal stress, an airbag mounting point bending shear stress and an airbag mounting point combined stress; the first cross-sectional maximum stress parameter may be calculated as follows:
bending normal stress of the airbag mounting point: sigmaC＝Mmax/WZ
Bending shear stress at the airbag mounting point:
Figure FDA0003279200120000025
combined stress of airbag mounting points:
Figure FDA0003279200120000026
wherein M ismaxThe maximum bending moment, W, to which the longitudinal beams are subjectedZIs the flexural section modulus, F, of the stringerSThe maximum shear force to which the stringer is subjected, AAbdomen coverIs the area of the web of the longitudinal beam;
the second section maximum stress parameter comprises a first mounting point tangential stress and a second mounting point tangential stress, and the calculation formulas of the first mounting point tangential stress and the second mounting point tangential stress can be expressed as follows:
τ(A/B)＝FS/Aabdomen cover
Wherein, tau(A/B)For the first and second mounting point shear stress, FSThe maximum shear force to which the stringer is subjected, AAbdomen coverIs the stringer web area.
8. The method for calculating the cross-sectional dimension of the rail of the liquid tank semi-trailer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the determining the initial rail cross-sectional dimension as the final rail cross-sectional dimension in the case that the first cross-sectional maximum stress parameter and the second cross-sectional maximum stress parameter are both smaller than the allowable material stress parameter and neither the first difference nor the second difference is greater than a preset threshold comprises:
comparing and judging the first cross-section maximum stress parameter and the second cross-section maximum stress parameter with the material allowable stress parameter respectively;
when the first section maximum stress parameter or the second section maximum stress parameter is greater than the material allowable stress parameter, or the first section maximum stress parameter and the second section maximum stress parameter are both less than the material allowable stress parameter, and the first difference or the second difference is greater than a preset threshold, adjusting the dimension of the section of the initial longitudinal beam, recalculating to obtain the first section maximum stress parameter and the second section maximum stress parameter, and performing the comparison and judgment again;
and determining the initial longitudinal beam cross-sectional dimension as the final frame longitudinal beam cross-sectional dimension under the condition that the first cross-sectional maximum stress parameter and the second cross-sectional maximum stress parameter are both smaller than the material allowable stress parameter, and the first difference or the second difference is not larger than a preset threshold.
9. An apparatus, comprising: memory, processor and computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor when executing the computer program implements the method of calculating the cross-sectional dimension of a tank semitrailer frame rail according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions which, when executed by a control processor, implement a method of calculating a cross-sectional dimension of a tank semitrailer frame rail as defined in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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