WO2015067104A1

WO2015067104A1 - Leaf spring suspension system with air bag lifting axle structure and vehicle having same

Info

Publication number: WO2015067104A1
Application number: PCT/CN2014/087338
Authority: WO
Inventors: 徐锦
Original assignee: 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司; 北京智科投资管理有限公司
Priority date: 2013-11-05
Filing date: 2014-09-24
Publication date: 2015-05-14
Also published as: CN104608573B; CN104608573A

Abstract

A leaf spring suspension system with an air bag lifting axle structure, and a vehicle having same. The leaf spring suspension system with an air bag lifting axle structure comprises: an air bag (4), an equalizing beam (12), a first leaf spring (8), a second leaf spring (15), a first thrust rod (17), a second thrust rod (21), and a front leaf spring support (16), a middle leaf spring support (13), an air bag mounting support (3) and a rear leaf spring support (6) that are respectively and orderly mounted on a frame (5).

Description

Airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system and automobile with the same

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of automotive technology, and in particular to an airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system and a vehicle therewith.

Background technique

At present, the trucks with leaf spring structure, especially the rear axles are two-axle or multi-axle vehicles. Although the load capacity is particularly large and the loading rate is increased, when these vehicles are unloaded, it is no longer necessary to carry so many axle loads, and The resistance energy consumption generated by the two-axis or multi-axis and the ground increases the fuel consumption rate, and the wheelbase is large, which is unfavorable for steering stability. However, the use of a leaf-spring structure of the rear axle with only one axle can not meet the requirements of large load. In the prior art, the suspension method is generally adopted to balance the requirements of large load, small fuel consumption rate, and good steering stability.

Freight cars usually have three methods: mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic suspension. The main difference is in the way these suspension components are connected to the shaft and the car chassis. For mechanical suspension systems it is achieved by a leaf spring with a specific stiffness. The air suspension system is realized by an air spring whose stiffness is determined by the pressure air supplied by the car air compressor or the air tank. The hydraulic suspension system is realized by a hydraulic cylinder, and the stiffness depends on the hydraulic power source.

Shaft lifting techniques currently used in mechanical suspension systems are well known for the use of hydraulic or mechanical devices. Hydraulics work well, but there are some drawbacks. Often these systems are very complex and the car must have a hydraulic power source available or an additional power source. It is particularly difficult to lift the bridge with a mechanical suspension system. The leaf spring must be deformed as much as possible to lift the shaft (bridge), but the leaf spring stiffness is difficult to control, and it cannot be offset by reducing some energy sources. In addition, it is lifted. The shaft is fixed at a position directly above, and needs to be connected to the chassis of the automobile through a chain or an anchor cable, and the structure is complicated. In addition, the suspension method is beneficial to reduce fuel consumption, but it will cause uneven distribution of load on two or more axles during heavy load, resulting in cargo transportation safety accidents.

Summary of the invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, it is an object of the present invention to provide an airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system which is controllable in rigidity and capable of automatically balancing the distribution axle load during heavy load, thereby lifting the bridge at no load. Improve.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an automobile having the above suspension system.

An airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system according to the first aspect of the present invention includes: a leaf spring front bracket; a leaf spring The intermediate bracket; the airbag mounting bracket; the leaf spring rear bracket, the leaf spring front bracket, the leaf spring intermediate bracket, the airbag mounting bracket and the leaf spring rear bracket are respectively mounted on the frame in sequence; An airbag upper cover is mounted above the airbag, and an airbag lower cover is mounted under the airbag, the airbag lower cover is connected to the airbag mounting bracket; a balance beam, the balance beam is rotatably mounted on the leaf spring a first leaf spring, one end of the first leaf spring is located below the balance beam and is slidable in contact with the balance beam, and the other end of the first leaf spring is located at the leaf spring a lower portion of the rear bracket and a sliding ground contact with the leaf spring rear bracket, a lifting bridge for mounting the rear wheel is mounted on the first leaf spring, and the lifting bridge is disposed on the airbag upper cover a first thrust rod, one end of the first thrust rod is hinged with the lifting bridge and the other end is hinged with the leaf spring intermediate bracket; the second leaf spring is located at one end of the second leaf spring Under the leaf spring front bracket And contacting the leaf spring front bracket relative to the ground, the other end of the second leaf spring is located below the balance beam and can be in sliding contact with the balance beam, and is used for installing the middle bridge of the middle wheel Mounted on the second leaf spring; a second thrust rod, one end of the second thrust rod is hinged to the middle bridge and the other end is hinged to the leaf spring front bracket.

The airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system according to the embodiment of the invention combines the mechanical suspension with the air suspension, so that the suspension system has a simple structure and a controllable rigidity. In addition, when the suspension system described above is applied to a vehicle, since the leaf spring and the leaf spring bracket are in slidable ground contact, the leaf spring is based on the common hinged manner to achieve the vehicle body load and the shock of the vehicle body. The stress concentration caused by the shearing force and the friction force generated by the hinge is eliminated, and the service life of the leaf spring and the leaf spring bracket is greatly increased. At the same time, the thrust rod hinged on the leaf spring bracket and the axle bears the longitudinal force (the direction of the car) and the lateral force, and plays a guiding role while ensuring that the leaf spring does not disengage from the leaf spring bracket in the longitudinal and lateral directions.

According to an example of the invention, the suspension component is a first U-bolt.

According to an example of the invention, the first U-bolt is threadedly coupled to the airbag upper cover.

According to an example of the invention, the middle portion of the balance beam is rotatably mounted to the leaf spring intermediate bracket via an intermediate shaft.

According to an example of the present invention, the leaf spring front bracket and the balance beam are provided with a baffle for restricting axial movement of the second leaf spring along the middle bridge.

According to an example of the present invention, the balance beam and the leaf spring rear bracket are provided with a baffle for restricting axial movement of the first leaf spring along the lift bridge.

According to an example of the present invention, a position on the balance beam and the leaf spring rear bracket that is in surface contact with the first leaf spring is provided with a curved surface that is adapted to the end of the first leaf spring.

According to an example of the invention, the lifting bridge is fixed to a central portion of the first leaf spring by a second U-bolt.

According to an example of the invention, the middle bridge is fixed to the middle of the second leaf spring by a third U-bolt.

According to an example of the present invention, the airbag lower cover is welded to the airbag mounting bracket.

According to an example of the present invention, the first leaf spring and the second leaf spring are respectively combined by a plurality of alloy spring steels of unequal length.

An automobile according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, comprising the airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the first leaf spring, the second leaf spring, the first a thrust rod, the second thrust rod, the leaf spring front bracket, the leaf spring intermediate bracket, the balance beam and the leaf spring rear bracket are respectively disposed in pairs on the body of the automobile side.

The automobile according to the embodiment of the invention enables the tire on the lifting bridge to not touch the ground through the expansion of the airbag during the idle operation of the automobile, which is beneficial to saving fuel when the vehicle is empty, reducing the loss of the tire and other components, and improving the economy. Under this condition, the load is allowed to be redistributed on fewer tires, the axle load transfer is realized, the adhesion between the axle and the road surface is improved, and the wheelbase is shortened, which can reduce the turning radius of the vehicle and improve the maneuverability of the vehicle.

In addition, when the vehicle is heavily loaded, the airbag is deflated, the tire on the bridge is raised, and the axle load of the rear axle is automatically balanced by the balance beam and the two leaf springs, thereby effectively increasing the cargo load of the vehicle and improving the transportation efficiency. Reduce security risks.

The additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows.

DRAWINGS

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from

1 is a structural view showing a lifting state of a leaf spring suspension system of an airbag lifting bridge structure of the present invention;

2 is a structural view showing an unlifted state of the leaf spring suspension system of the airbag lifting bridge structure of the present invention;

3 is a top plan view of the leaf spring suspension system of the airbag lifting bridge structure of the present invention.

Reference mark:

1: first U-bolt; 2: airbag upper cover; 3: airbag mounting bracket; 4: airbag; 5: frame; 6: leaf spring rear bracket; 7: airbag lower cover; 8: first leaf spring ;9: rear wheel; 10: lifting bridge; 11: second U-bolt; 12: balance beam; 13: leaf spring intermediate bracket; 14: intermediate shaft; 15: second leaf spring; 16: leaf spring front bracket; 17: first thrust rod; 18: middle wheel; 19: middle bridge; 20: third U-bolt; 21: second thrust rod.

detailed description

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and the examples of the embodiments are illustrated in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals are used to refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", The orientation or positional relationship of the "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and a simplified description, rather than indicating or implying The device or component referred to must have a particular orientation, is constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus is not to be construed as limiting the invention.

It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining "first" and "second" may include one or more of the features either explicitly or implicitly.

As shown in FIG. 1 , an airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: an airbag 4, a balance beam 12, a first leaf spring 8, a second leaf spring 15, a first thrust rod 17, and a first The two thrust rods 21 and the leaf spring front bracket 16, the leaf spring intermediate bracket 13, the airbag mounting bracket 3, and the leaf spring rear bracket 6, respectively, are sequentially mounted on the frame 5.

The airbag upper cover 2 is mounted on the airbag 4, and the airbag lower cover 7 is installed under the airbag 4. The airbag upper cover 2 and the airbag lower cover 7 are respectively connected with the airbag 4, which can be regarded as one body, and the airbag upper cover is integrated. 2 and the airbag lower cover 7 plays a role of fixing, sealing and limiting the airbag. The airbag lower cover 7 is connected (preferably welded) to the airbag mounting bracket 3, and the airbag mounting bracket 3 is mounted on the cross member of the frame 5, which is located above the lifting bridge 10; the middle portion of the balance beam 12 is rotatable through the intermediate shaft 14 The ground is mounted on the leaf spring intermediate bracket 13. The leaf spring is generally composed of a plurality of alloy spring steels of unequal length, which are similar to an equal-strength spring beam.

One end of the first leaf spring 8 is located below the balance beam 12 (on the side close to the leaf spring rear bracket 6) and is slidably in contact with the balance beam 12, and the other end of the first leaf spring 8 is located at the rear bracket 6 of the leaf spring. Below and with the leaf spring rear bracket 6 can slide relative to the ground. Wherein, the relative sliding ground contact mentioned in the present invention means that the two parts are in surface contact, and the two parts can slide relative to each other. The central portion of the first leaf spring 8 is downwardly recessed and the two ends are upwardly lifted, and the two ends of the lifted spring support the load of the vehicle body while the deformation of the leaf spring acts to buffer the shock. The lifting bridge 10 for mounting the rear wheel 9 is fixedly mounted to the middle of the first leaf spring 8 by the second U-bolt 11, and the axial direction of the lifting bridge 10 is substantially perpendicular to the advancing direction (ie, the longitudinal direction) of the automobile, the first leaf spring The length direction of 8 is substantially parallel to the direction of advancement of the car. The balance beam 12 and the leaf spring rear bracket 6 are provided with a curved surface adapted to the end of the first leaf spring 8 at a position in surface contact with the first leaf spring 8, facilitating the sliding of the first leaf spring 8, and increasing contact. Area, reduce pressure. The surface contact makes the leaf spring eliminate the stress concentration caused by the shearing force and friction caused by the hinge on the basis of the vehicle body load and the vibration of the buffer body, which greatly increases the service life of the leaf spring and the leaf spring bracket.

Further, the lifting bridge 10 is erected on the suspension component connected to the airbag upper cover 2. When the car is unloaded, the airbag is inflated, and the suspension component moves upward with the upper cover 2, and is lifted on the airbag upper cover 2 The bridge 10 also moves upwards until the rear wheel 9 is lifted and suspended; as shown in FIG. 2, when the vehicle is heavily loaded, the airbag is deflated, and the suspension components are Move down to disengage from the lifting bridge 10, and the rear wheel 9 is in full contact with the ground. Wherein, the suspension member is preferably a pair of first U-shaped bolts 1 , and the first U-shaped bolt 1 is disposed upright (ie, the U-shaped bolt is concave in the middle and the both ends are upturned), and the upper end thereof is screwed to the airbag upper cover 2 , The lifting bridge 10 is mounted on the concave portion of the pair of first U-shaped bolts 1, so that it is easier to maintain the horizontal state when the lifting bridge 10 is lifted.

In addition, in order to transfer the traction force from the wheel to the frame, the cargo box, the vehicle body, that is, to the entire vehicle, the suspension system of the present invention is provided with a first thrust rod 17, and one end of the first thrust rod 17 is hinged to the lifting bridge 10 and The other end is hinged to the leaf spring intermediate bracket 13 so that the first thrust rod 17 serves as a guide while ensuring that the first leaf spring 8 does not disengage from the balance beam 12 and the leaf spring rear bracket 6 in the longitudinal and lateral directions.

Similarly, the mounting principles of the second leaf spring 15 and the second thrust rod 21 refer to the first leaf spring 8 and the first thrust rod 17, respectively. One end of the second leaf spring 15 is located below the leaf spring front bracket 16 and is slidable in contact with the leaf spring front bracket 16, and the other end of the second leaf spring 15 is located on the balance beam 12 (near the side of the leaf spring front bracket 16). Bottom and slidable ground contact with the balance beam 12, the middle bridge 19 for mounting the middle wheel 18 is fixedly mounted to the middle of the second leaf spring 15 by the third U-bolt 20; the second thrust rod 21 is at one end and the middle The bridge 19 is hinged and the other end is hinged to the leaf spring front bracket 16. The middle bridge 19 is connected in the same manner as the lift bridge 10 except that the middle bridge 19 is a drive axle, and the lift bridge 10 is a non-drive axle, which is hooked by the first U-bolt 1 under the action of the airbag 4 inflation lifting force. The lifting bridge 10 is lifted up to balance the lifting force of the airbag 4 with the reaction force of the first leaf spring 8.

The first leaf spring 8 and the second leaf spring 15 are slidably in contact with the two ends of the balance beam 12, respectively, and the middle portion of the balance beam 12 is rotatably mounted on the leaf spring intermediate bracket 13 through the intermediate shaft 14, so that the first The load received by the leaf spring 8 and the second leaf spring 15 is automatically balanced.

Further, the leaf spring front bracket 16 and the balance beam 12 are provided with two parallel baffles for restricting the axial movement of the second leaf spring 15 along the middle bridge 19. The balance beam 12 and the leaf spring rear bracket 6 are provided with two parallel baffles for restricting the axial movement of the first leaf spring 8 along the lifting bridge 10, and the baffle acts as a limit, friction and lateral force, and the thrust The rod is mainly responsible for the longitudinal force.

Considering that the middle wheel 18 or the lifting wheel 9 may fall into the depression of the road surface, the axle is moved downward to cause the first leaf spring 8 and the leaf spring rear bracket 6, the first leaf spring 8 and the balance beam 12, and the second leaf spring. 15 is separated from the balance beam 12 or the second leaf spring 15 and the leaf spring front bracket 16, and the lengths of the first leaf spring 8 and the second leaf spring 15 are appropriately extended, so that the front and rear of the first leaf spring 8 respectively exceed the balance beam 12 and The curved surface of the leaf spring rear bracket 6 for surface contact with the first leaf spring 8 has a certain length. Similarly, the front and rear of the second leaf spring 15 respectively exceed the leaf spring front bracket 16 and the balance beam 12 for the second board. The arc surface of the spring 15 is in contact with a certain length to prevent the first leaf spring 8 and the second leaf spring 15 from being displaced from the corresponding arc surface when the middle wheel 18 or the lift wheel 9 is reset.

An automobile according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes the above-described airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system, such as As shown in FIG. 3, the first leaf spring 8, the second leaf spring 15, the first thrust rod 17, the second thrust rod 21, the leaf spring front bracket 16, the leaf spring intermediate bracket 13, the balance beam 12, and the leaf spring rear bracket 6 They are respectively disposed in pairs on the two sides of the vehicle body, specifically on both sides of two parallel frames 5, the lifting bridge 9 is mounted on the pair of first leaf springs 8, and the middle bridge 15 is installed in pairs The two leaf springs 15 are disposed, and the air bag 4 is disposed between the two first leaf springs 8.

When the idling is empty, the airbag 4 is inflated, and the first U-shaped bolt 1 is slowly lifted. When the lower end of the first U-shaped bolt 1 is in contact with the lifting bridge 10, the lifting bridge 10 is also slowly lifted up, and at the same time, the first leaf spring 8 is subjected to the lifting force, the first leaf spring 8 starts to bear the anti-bow force, and as the anti-bow deformation of the first leaf spring 8 is larger, the reaction of the first leaf spring 8 is larger, when the first leaf spring 8 is When the anti-bow force is relatively balanced with the lifting force of the airbag 4, the lifting bridge 10 is no longer lifted to a standstill.

According to the automobile of the embodiment of the invention, during the no-load operation of the automobile, the tire on the lifting bridge does not contact the ground by the expansion of the airbag, which is beneficial to saving fuel when the vehicle is empty, reducing the loss of tires and other components, and improving economy. Under this condition, the load is allowed to be redistributed on fewer tires, achieving axle load transfer, improving the adhesion of the axle tire to the road surface, and shortening the wheelbase, which can reduce the turning radius of the car and improve the maneuverability of the vehicle.

On the other hand, when the vehicle is heavily loaded, the airbag 4 is deflated, the tire on the lifting bridge 10 is grounded, and the axle load of the rear axle is automatically balanced by the cooperation of the balance beam 12 and the two leaf springs, thereby effectively increasing the cargo load of the automobile. Improve transportation efficiency and reduce safety hazards.

In the description of the present specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. Particular features, structures, materials or features described in the examples or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In the present specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, the embodiments of the invention may The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

An airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system, comprising:

Leaf spring front bracket;

Leaf spring intermediate bracket;

Airbag mounting bracket;

a leaf spring rear bracket, the leaf spring front bracket, the leaf spring intermediate bracket, the airbag mounting bracket and the leaf spring rear bracket are respectively mounted on the frame in sequence;

An airbag, an airbag upper cover is mounted above the airbag, and an airbag lower cover is installed under the airbag, and the airbag lower cover is connected to the airbag mounting bracket;

a balance beam, the balance beam being rotatably mounted on the leaf spring intermediate bracket;

a first leaf spring, one end of the first leaf spring is located below the balance beam and is slidable in contact with the balance beam, and the other end of the first leaf spring is located below the leaf spring rear bracket And a sliding ground contact with the leaf spring rear bracket, a lifting bridge for mounting the rear wheel is mounted on the first leaf spring, and the lifting bridge is disposed on a suspension component connected to the airbag upper cover on;

a first thrust rod, one end of the first thrust rod is hinged to the lifting bridge and the other end is hinged to the intermediate bracket of the leaf spring;

a second leaf spring, one end of the second leaf spring is located below the leaf spring front bracket and is slidable in contact with the leaf spring front bracket, and the other end of the second leaf spring is located at the balance beam Bottom and in contact with the balance beam, the sliding bridge can be mounted on the second leaf spring;

a second thrust rod, one end of which is hinged to the middle bridge and the other end is hinged to the leaf spring front bracket.
The airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system according to claim 1, wherein the suspension member is a first U-shaped bolt.
The airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system according to claim 2, wherein the first U-bolt is screwed to the airbag upper cover.
The airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the middle portion of the balance beam is rotatably mounted on the leaf spring intermediate bracket via an intermediate shaft.
The airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the leaf spring front bracket and the balance beam are provided for restricting the second leaf spring edge The middle bridge moves the baffle axially.
The airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that A baffle plate for restricting axial movement of the first leaf spring along the lifting bridge is disposed on the balance beam and the leaf spring rear bracket.
The airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the balance beam and the leaf spring rear bracket are in surface contact with the first leaf spring The position is provided with a curved surface that is adapted to the end of the first leaf spring.
The airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the lifting bridge is fixed to a middle portion of the first leaf spring by a second U-bolt.
The airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the middle bridge is fixed to a middle portion of the second leaf spring by a third U-bolt.
The airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the airbag lower cover is welded to the airbag mounting bracket.
The airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first leaf spring and the second leaf spring are respectively composed of a plurality of alloy springs of unequal length Steel is combined.
An automobile, characterized by comprising the airbag lifting bridge structure leaf spring suspension system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the first leaf spring, the second leaf spring, the first a thrust rod, the second thrust rod, the leaf spring front bracket, the leaf spring intermediate bracket, the balance beam and the leaf spring rear bracket are respectively disposed in pairs on both sides of the body of the automobile .