CN113720918A - Method for measuring transverse wave sound velocity of material - Google Patents
Method for measuring transverse wave sound velocity of material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113720918A CN113720918A CN202110806644.XA CN202110806644A CN113720918A CN 113720918 A CN113720918 A CN 113720918A CN 202110806644 A CN202110806644 A CN 202110806644A CN 113720918 A CN113720918 A CN 113720918A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sound velocity
- wave sound
- transverse wave
- flaw detector
- phased array
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
- G01N29/265—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by moving the sensor relative to a stationary material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0232—Glass, ceramics, concrete or stone
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of a material, which comprises the steps of utilizing a single probe of a phased array ultrasonic flaw detector to carry out sector scanning on a detected workpiece, detecting the rough bottom surface of the workpiece, displaying a bottom echo signal of an S-view display part of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector, adjusting the transverse wave sound velocity value input into the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector according to the inclination condition of the bottom echo signal, and directly measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of the detected workpiece. According to the method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of the material, the workpiece is detected by using the sector scanning of the single probe of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector, so that the transverse wave sound velocity of the unknown material can be rapidly and accurately measured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment detection, in particular to a method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of a material.
Background
When an ultrasonic flaw detector is used for flaw detection, the sound velocity is an important factor influencing flaw detection positioning and determining. The depth and the position of the defect can be accurately measured only by inputting the accurate transverse wave sound velocity of the detected material.
The measurement methods of sound velocity can be divided into two major categories in principle: one is that according to the kinematics theory v ═ S/t, the speed of sound v is obtained by measuring the propagation distance L and the practical interval t; another is to obtain the sound velocity v by measuring the frequency f and wavelength λ of the acoustic wave according to the wave theory v ═ f λ. The former measurement method is called time-through method. The latter method is called resonance interferometry. The measurement of sound velocity using an ultrasonic flaw detector is based on the time-through method.
The existing method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of a material comprises the following steps: the standard test block is manufactured by an ultrasonic flaw detector automatic measuring method, an ultrasonic thickness gauge measuring method and a single crystal inclined probe twice transverse wave measuring and calculating method.
Because the ceramic material is made of raw materials through a sintering process, different sintering processes produce ceramic pieces with different microstructures, so that the acoustic properties are greatly different, and the ceramic is divided into common ceramic and high-strength ceramic according to density and strength. Different batches of high-strength porcelain of different manufacturers are different in raw material proportion and sintering process, which can cause great difference in sound velocity of the high-strength porcelain of different manufacturers in different batches. In the industry, according to past experience, the longitudinal wave sound velocity of high-strength porcelain is more than 6000m/s, the longitudinal wave sound velocity of common porcelain is 6000mm/s, even if the porcelain is high-strength porcelain, the longitudinal wave sound velocity of the porcelain needs to be measured on site when the porcelain is detected, and then the transverse wave sound velocity is calculated according to an empirical formula. The ultrasonic thickness gauge is often used for measuring the longitudinal wave sound velocity, the thickness of the detected ceramic part is known, and the calculated transverse wave sound velocity is not accurate.
The first prior art is as follows: the method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity by an ultrasonic flaw detector for manufacturing a standard test block belongs to a direct measurement method (the part material is easy to process and obtain). It has only a type a display, i.e. a distance-amplitude display. Due to the difference of actual material components and microstructures, the longitudinal wave sound velocity and the transverse wave sound velocity of the material are different from the reference values. Therefore, when the ultrasonic flaw detector is used for detecting a part, when the grade of the material of the part is known, the standard test block made of the same material is processed to measure and calibrate the transverse sonic velocity of the material of the part to be detected. And placing the transverse wave probe on the right side of the standard test block, and automatically calculating the actual transverse wave sound velocity according to the signal propagation time difference flaw detector. The problems are that: generally, metal materials are easy to be machined into standard test blocks due to good plasticity, and brittle materials such as glass, ceramic and the like are easy to be cracked due to machining, so that semicircular standard test blocks are difficult to manufacture. Therefore, only metal parts often have standard test blocks for calibrating the shear sound velocity.
The second prior art is: the thickness of the part is known on site, the longitudinal wave sound velocity is measured by an ultrasonic thickness gauge and then converted into the transverse wave sound velocity, and the method belongs to an indirect measurement method. When the sound velocity of the material does not have a reference value in a sound velocity table during field detection, if the wall thickness of the part is known according to a part drawing, an approximate longitudinal wave sound velocity value can be input according to the working principle of an ultrasonic thickness gauge, and the thickness value displayed by the ultrasonic thickness gauge at the moment
Which differs from the actual thickness of the part. Then adjusting the input longitudinal wave sound velocity value to make the thickness value displayed by the instrument gradually approach the actual thickness, finally displaying that the thickness value is equal to the actual thickness value, measuring the longitudinal wave sound velocity of the component, and then according to the ultrasonic longitudinal wave sound velocity C in the solidLAnd velocity of transverse wave CSCalculating and approximating the transverse wave sound velocity C of the component material by using the propagation velocity relational expressionS；
In the formula: σ is the dielectric poisson's ratio.
The problems are that: the method needs to know the accurate wall thickness of the part, and the actual wall thickness and the designed wall thickness can have deviation, so that the longitudinal wave sound velocity measurement is inaccurate; and the medium Poisson's ratio is also an estimated value, and the transverse wave sound velocity obtained through indirect calculation is not accurate.
The prior art is three: under the condition that the thickness of a part is not known on site, two pairs of single-chip inclined probes with different angles are used by utilizing a method of respectively inputting and receiving ultrasonic transverse waves at different angles, two binary multiple equations are established for solving by measuring the propagation time of the ultrasonic transverse waves in a workpiece twice, and the ultrasonic transverse wave sound velocity of the workpiece material is manually calculated. The problems are that: the method needs to place two pairs of single crystal inclined probes with different angles, and each pair of probes is one-emitting and one-receiving, so that the operation is complicated; by measuring the propagation time of the ultrasonic transverse waves in the workpiece twice, the binary multiple equation is manually solved and calculated, the calculation is complicated, and the consumed time is long.
Therefore, the inventor provides a method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of the material by virtue of experience and practice of related industries for many years, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of a material, which can quickly and accurately measure the transverse wave sound velocity of an unknown material by using a single probe of a phased array ultrasonic flaw detector to scan and detect a workpiece in a sector mode.
The invention aims to realize the method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of the material, which comprises the steps of carrying out sector scanning on a workpiece to be detected by using a single probe of a phased array ultrasonic flaw detector, detecting the rough bottom surface of the workpiece, displaying a bottom echo signal of an S view display part of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector, adjusting the transverse wave sound velocity value input into the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector according to the inclination condition of the bottom echo signal, and directly measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of the workpiece to be detected.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for measuring the shear wave sound velocity of a material includes the following steps:
step a, setting a focusing rule of a phased array ultrasonic flaw detector, setting a scanning mode to be sector scanning, and setting a focusing depth;
b, smearing a coupling agent on a detection area of a detected workpiece, placing a probe of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector on the detected workpiece, inputting the estimated transverse wave sound velocity to the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector, finding a bottom echo signal of the detected workpiece in an S view, and increasing the gain of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector;
and c, when the depths displayed by the bottom echo signals of different sound beam angles in the S view are all at the same depth and are shown as a horizontal line, the transverse wave sound velocity input by the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector is the same as the actual material transverse wave sound velocity, and the material transverse wave sound velocity is obtained.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step c, when the shear wave sound velocity input by the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector is smaller than the actual material shear wave sound velocity, the S-view bottom echo signals are not at the same depth; along with the increase of the angle of the sound beam, the depth displayed by the bottom echo signal is increased, and the change speed is faster when the angle of the sound beam is larger;
when the transverse wave sound velocity input by the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector is greater than the actual material transverse wave sound velocity, the S-view bottom echo signals are not at the same depth; the depth displayed by the bottom echo signal is reduced along with the increase of the sound beam angle, and the change speed is faster when the sound beam angle is larger.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step a, the depth of focus is set to 1 time the thickness of the workpiece to be detected, and when the thickness of the workpiece to be detected is unknown, the depth of focus is set to an approximate value or an estimated value of the thickness of the workpiece to be detected, and in step c, when the bottom echo signal appears as a horizontal line, the scale value of the ordinate where the bottom echo signal is located is the actual thickness of the workpiece to be detected.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step a, the beam angle is set to be 30 ° to 70 °.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step a, before setting the focusing rule, a preparation is performed, which includes: initializing an instrument, clearing all current parameter settings of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector, and restoring a default value; and (4) establishing a group, setting the plate thickness according to a guide prompt, inputting the thickness of the detected workpiece, and selecting a probe and a wedge block.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the probe frequency is selected to be 2.5 to 7.5Mhz, and the number of wafers of the probe is at least 32; the wedges selected were 55 ° wedges.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, after setting the focusing rule, calibration of the probe and the wedge is performed, and the error of the calculation of the focusing rule caused by the dimensional deviation of the wedge due to wear is corrected by delayed calibration; the sensitivity differences between different angles are compensated for by the sensitivity calibration correction.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the input transverse sound velocity needs to be adjusted, the auxiliary line of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector is used to help observe whether the bottom echoes of each sound beam angle are on the same horizontal line, and the sound velocity is finely adjusted by combining the gate reading.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sound speed error of greater than or equal to ± 20m/s is directly adjusted by visual observation.
From the above, the method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of the material provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of the material, the single probe of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector is used for scanning and detecting the workpiece in a sector mode, a pair of probes for receiving and sending are not needed, the operation is simple, and a complex test block or expensive instruments and consumables are not needed; by adopting the method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of the material, the accurate thickness of the workpiece can be conveniently and quickly obtained under the condition that the thickness of the workpiece to be detected is unknown on site; in the measurement process, the adjustment of the transverse wave sound velocity value can be realized by visually observing the bottom echo signal in the S view, the manual calculation is not needed, the error caused by calculation is reduced, and the measurement of the transverse wave sound velocity of an unknown material can be quickly and accurately realized.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1: the invention discloses a flow chart of a method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of a material.
FIG. 2: the invention is a schematic diagram of transverse wave propagation when the bottom surface of a detected workpiece is smooth.
FIG. 3: the invention is an S view for detecting the smoothness of the bottom surface of a workpiece.
FIG. 4: the invention is a schematic diagram of sound wave propagation when the bottom surface of a workpiece is rough.
FIG. 5: is an enlarged view at I in fig. 4.
FIG. 6: the angle diagram of sound wave propagation when the bottom surface of the workpiece is rough is shown in the invention.
FIG. 7: the S view of the bottom echo signal when the input transverse wave sound velocity is smaller than the actual transverse wave sound velocity is shown in the invention.
FIG. 8: the S view of the bottom echo signal when the input transverse wave sound velocity is equal to the actual transverse wave sound velocity is shown in the invention.
FIG. 9: the curve of the change of the signal display depth along with the refraction angle alpha when the input transverse wave sound velocity is smaller than the actual material transverse wave sound velocity is shown in the invention.
FIG. 10: the curve of the change of the display depth of the signal along with the refraction angle alpha when the input transverse wave sound velocity is larger than the actual material transverse wave sound velocity is shown in the invention.
FIG. 11: the curve of the signal display depth changing with the refraction angle alpha when the input transverse wave sound velocity is equal to the actual material transverse wave sound velocity is adopted in the invention.
FIG. 12: the ultrasonic inspection instrument is a schematic diagram of sound wave propagation when an existing A-type ultrasonic inspection instrument is used for inspecting a workpiece with a smooth bottom surface.
FIG. 13: the schematic diagram of sound wave propagation when the existing A-type ultrasonic flaw detector detects a workpiece with a rough bottom surface.
In the figure:
1. detecting a workpiece; 2. a probe.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Any possible variations based on the present invention may be conceived by the skilled person in the light of the teachings of the present invention, and these should be considered to fall within the scope of the present invention. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, mechanical or electrical connections, communications between two elements, direct connections, indirect connections through intermediaries, and the like. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The invention provides a method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of a material, which comprises the steps of utilizing a single probe 2 of a phased array ultrasonic flaw detector to carry out sector scanning on a detected workpiece 1, detecting the rough bottom surface of the workpiece 1, displaying a bottom echo signal of an S-view display part of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector, adjusting the transverse wave sound velocity value input into the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector according to the inclination condition of the bottom echo signal, and directly measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of the detected workpiece.
Because transverse waves cannot propagate in Newtonian fluid, and common couplants for ultrasonic detection are all Newtonian fluid, complex test blocks or expensive instruments and consumables are often required for measuring the sound velocity of the transverse waves. By the method, the measurement of the transverse wave sound velocity of the unknown material can be quickly and accurately realized, other auxiliary instruments are not needed, the sound velocity measurement, the thickness measurement and the defect detection can be realized by one phased array ultrasonic detection device, the operation is simple, and the precision meets the daily work requirement.
According to the method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of the material, the single probe of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector is used for scanning and detecting the workpiece in a sector mode, a pair of probes for receiving and sending are not needed, the operation is simple, and a complex test block or expensive instruments and consumables are not needed; in the measurement process, the adjustment of the transverse wave sound velocity value can be realized by visually observing the bottom echo signal in the S view, the manual calculation is not needed, the error caused by calculation is reduced, and the measurement of the transverse wave sound velocity of an unknown material can be quickly and accurately realized.
The detection principle of the existing A-type ultrasonic flaw detector and single-wafer probe is as follows:
the single-wafer inclined probe is provided, transverse waves with a single angle are generated, the transverse waves can be reflected when the bottom surface of a detected workpiece is smooth, as shown in fig. 12, the probe cannot receive echo signals, and waveform display does not appear on an A-type ultrasonic flaw detector, namely, bottom wave signals do not exist.
When the bottom surface of the workpiece is rough, as shown in fig. 13, the bottom surface can be approximately a circular arc protrusion when being enlarged, the transverse wave is approximately perpendicular to the bottom surface of the workpiece to be detected, part of the energy of the transverse wave returns to be received by the probe, and a single waveform display appears on the ultrasonic flaw detector A, namely the bottom wave signal.
The measurement principle of the method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of the material provided by the invention is as follows:
the probe of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector is provided with a plurality of chips, and can be controlled to generate multi-angle sector scanning acoustic beams (longitudinal waves emitted by the probe of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector are converted on the surface of a detected workpiece to generate transverse waves, the plurality of chips emit multi-angle longitudinal waves, and the generated multi-angle transverse waves form sector scanning).
When the bottom surface of the detected workpiece is completely smooth, the transverse wave can be reflected, as shown in fig. 2, the probe can not receive the echo signal, the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector can not display the waveform, namely, no bottom wave signal exists, and the S view of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector is shown in fig. 3.
When the bottom surface of the workpiece is detected to be rough (generally, the bottom surface of the workpiece is detected to be rough and smooth in an ideal state), the bottom surface may be approximated to a plurality of circular-arc-shaped protrusions in an enlarged view as shown in fig. 4 and 5. The transverse wave is approximately vertical to the bulge of the bottom surface of the detection workpiece, partial transverse wave energy returns to be received by the probe in the original way, and the waveform display appears on the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector, namely the bottom wave signal. The transverse wave of each angle is reflected by the circular arc to generate an echo signal, so that the bottom wave is displayed as a line. When the input transverse wave sound velocity is correct, a straight line is formed, and when the input transverse wave sound velocity is wrong, an oblique curve is formed.
In the detection process, because the inner surfaces of most detection workpieces are not completely smooth and flat, when the transverse wave ultrasonic wave is transmitted to the inner surfaces of the detection workpieces, the uneven parts of the inner surfaces can generate uniform echoes. The phased array ultrasonic flaw detector realizes the deflection and focusing effects of the sound beams by applying different delay rules (algorithms) to different wafers of the probe, and when multi-angle fan scanning is set, a plurality of inner surface echoes can be displayed on an S scanning interface.
As shown in fig. 6, since the transverse wave sound velocity of the detected workpiece is unknown, and the preset sound velocity is different from the actual propagation velocity of the sound wave in the workpiece, the actual refraction angle of the sound wave in the workpiece is different from the instrument-calculated refraction angle, as shown in the following formula:
wherein beta is an incident angle, alphaPractice ofIs the actual angle of refraction, αComputingCalculating the angle of refraction, v, for the instrumentOrganic compoundsIs the transverse wave sound velocity, v, of the organic glassPractice ofFor inspecting the nature of the workVelocity of transverse wave, vComputingIs a preset shear wave sound velocity;
the speed of sound is calculated from the speed of sound of transverse wave manually input in the instrument. When the sound wave meets the inner surface to generate echo, the display depth can be calculated according to the preset sound velocity and refraction angle and the actual propagation time of the sound wave in the detection workpiece, and the following formula is shown:
hcomputingNamely, the depth is displayed by the signal in the instrument, because the preset sound velocity is often different from the actual sound velocity of the material, the change of the incident angle beta of sound waves with different angles in the phased array probe and the change of the refraction angle alpha in the workpiece are not synchronous.
When the preset sound velocity is different from the actual sound velocity of the material, the bottom echoes of the sound waves at different angles form a curve, the bottom echoes are displayed in a straight line distribution at the correct depth position only when the preset sound velocity is the same as the actual sound velocity of the material, and the scale value of the bottom echoes corresponding to the ordinate in the instrument is the actual thickness of the material.
Taking a workpiece with an actual thickness H of 35mm as an example, when the preset transverse wave sound velocity is different from the actual transverse wave sound velocity of the material, the display depth changes along with the change of the sound wave angle. Fig. 9 is a graph showing the change of the signal display depth with the refraction angle α when the input shear wave velocity is smaller than the actual material shear wave velocity, fig. 10 is a graph showing the change of the signal display depth with the refraction angle α when the input shear wave velocity is larger than the actual material shear wave velocity, and fig. 11 is a graph showing the change of the signal display depth with the refraction angle α when the input shear wave velocity is equal to the actual material shear wave velocity.
When the echo of the bottom surface of the material is horizontal, the set sound velocity can be judged to be the same as the actual sound velocity of the material, and the scale value of the ordinate corresponding to the echo of the bottom surface in the instrument is the actual thickness of the material.
Further, a flow chart of the method for measuring the material shear wave sound velocity of the present invention is shown in fig. 1, and the method for measuring the material shear wave sound velocity of the present invention includes the following steps:
step a, setting a focusing rule of a phased array ultrasonic flaw detector, setting a scanning mode to be sector scanning, and setting a focusing depth;
specifically, the preparation work is performed before the focusing rule is set, and includes:
1. initializing an instrument: clearing all current parameter settings of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector, and restoring default values;
2. group establishment:
(1) setting the plate thickness according to the guidance prompt, inputting the workpiece thickness of the detected workpiece, and inputting an approximate value or an estimated value when the thickness of the detected workpiece is unknown;
(2) selecting a probe: selecting proper probes to make the probe frequency, the wafer number and the wedge angle meet the measurement requirement, wherein in a specific embodiment, the probe frequency is 2.5-7.5Mhz, and the wafer number is at least 32;
selecting a wedge block: a 55-degree wedge block; (partial probe possible N60S).
Specifically, the focus rule setting specific contents include:
(1) type of focusing laws: a sector shape;
(2) a focusing mode: true depth;
(3) waveform: transverse wave: because the sound velocity value is unknown, the initial sound velocity value in the instrument can be set to be the transverse wave sound velocity value 3240m/s of carbon steel;
(4) the depth of focus is set to 1 times the sheet thickness (since the depth of interest is to detect the bottom of the workpiece), and when the detected workpiece thickness is unknown, an approximate value or an estimated value is input;
(5) initial array elements: 1; number of excitation array elements: at least 16;
(6) the sound beam angle: the angle range is as large as possible on the premise of meeting the detection requirement, and in a specific embodiment, the minimum angle of the sound beam is as follows: 30 degrees; maximum angle: 70 degrees; angle stepping: 1 ° or 0.5 °.
Specifically, after setting the focusing rule, calibration of the probe and wedge is performed:
(1) and (3) delay calibration: correcting the calculation error of the focusing rule caused by the size deviation of the wedge block due to wear;
(2) sensitivity calibration or TCG calibration (i.e. making TCG curves): the correction compensates for sensitivity differences between different angles.
After calibration, adjusting the display window: and calling out S view display.
B, smearing a coupling agent on a detection area of a detected workpiece, as shown in fig. 1, placing a probe of a phased array ultrasonic flaw detector on the detected workpiece, inputting the estimated transverse wave sound velocity to the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector, finding a bottom echo signal of the detected workpiece in an S view (in the prior art, a display view of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector), and increasing the gain of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector to strengthen the bottom echo signal so as to facilitate observation and adjustment;
and c, when the depths displayed by the bottom echo signals of different sound beam angles in the S view are all the same, and the depth is a horizontal line as shown in FIG. 8, the transverse wave sound velocity input by the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector is the same as the actual material transverse wave sound velocity, so that the material transverse wave sound velocity is obtained.
For a detection workpiece with unknown thickness, when the bottom echo signal is a horizontal line, the scale value of the ordinate where the bottom echo signal is located is the actual thickness of the detection workpiece.
Specifically, when the transverse wave sound velocity input by the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector is smaller than the actual material transverse wave sound velocity, as shown in fig. 7, the bottom echo signals of the S-view are not at the same depth, and at this time, the bottom echo signals are in a downward inclined state; along with the increase of the angle of the sound beam, the depth displayed by the bottom echo signal is increased, and the change speed is faster when the angle of the sound beam is larger;
when the transverse wave sound velocity input by the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector is greater than the actual material transverse wave sound velocity, the bottom echo signals of the S-view are not at the same depth, and at the moment, the bottom echo signals are in an oblique upward state; the depth displayed by the bottom echo signal is reduced along with the increase of the sound beam angle, and the change speed is faster when the sound beam angle is larger.
The refraction angle range of the phased array ultrasonic probe is large. When the preset sound velocity is larger than or smaller than the actual sound velocity of the material, the change rule of the display depth is different, and whether the set sound velocity is the same as the actual sound velocity can be judged by observing the change rule of the low wave by naked eyes.
In actual adjustment, the sound speed error larger than or equal to +/-20 m/s is directly adjusted through visual observation, and the precision can meet most engineering requirements.
When the input sound velocity needs to be finely adjusted, the horizontal auxiliary line of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector is used for helping to observe whether the bottom surface echoes of all the sound beam angles are on the same horizontal line, the sound velocity is finely adjusted by combining with the gate reading, and at the moment, the scale value of the ordinate where the bottom surface echoes are located is the actual thickness of the detection workpiece. Auxiliary lines and reading display are arranged in the phased array ultrasonic detector, and finer sound velocity adjustment can be realized.
From the above, the method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of the material provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of the material, the single probe of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector is used for scanning and detecting the workpiece in a sector mode, a pair of probes for receiving and sending are not needed, the operation is simple, and a complex test block or expensive instruments and consumables are not needed; by adopting the method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of the material, the accurate thickness of the workpiece can be conveniently and quickly obtained under the condition that the thickness of the workpiece to be detected is unknown on site; in the measurement process, the adjustment of the transverse wave sound velocity value can be realized by visually observing the bottom echo signal in the S view, the manual calculation is not needed, the error caused by calculation is reduced, and the measurement of the transverse wave sound velocity of an unknown material can be quickly and accurately realized.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention should fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of a material is characterized by comprising the steps of carrying out sector scanning on a workpiece to be detected by using a single probe of a phased array ultrasonic flaw detector, detecting the rough bottom surface of the workpiece, displaying a bottom echo signal of an S-view display part of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector, adjusting the transverse wave sound velocity value input into the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector according to the inclination condition of the bottom echo signal, and directly measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of the workpiece to be detected.
2. A method of measuring the shear wave sound velocity of a material according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step a, setting a focusing rule of a phased array ultrasonic flaw detector, setting a scanning mode to be sector scanning, and setting a focusing depth;
b, smearing a coupling agent on a detection area of a detected workpiece, placing a probe of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector on the detected workpiece, inputting the estimated transverse wave sound velocity to the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector, finding a bottom echo signal of the detected workpiece in an S view, and increasing the gain of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector;
and c, when the depths displayed by the bottom echo signals of different sound beam angles in the S view are all at the same depth and are shown as a horizontal line, the transverse wave sound velocity input by the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector is the same as the actual material transverse wave sound velocity, and the material transverse wave sound velocity is obtained.
3. The method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of the material according to claim 2, wherein in the step c, when the transverse wave sound velocity input by the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector is less than the actual transverse wave sound velocity of the material, the echo signals of the bottom surface of the S view are not at the same depth; along with the increase of the angle of the sound beam, the depth displayed by the bottom echo signal is increased, and the change speed is faster when the angle of the sound beam is larger;
when the transverse wave sound velocity input by the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector is greater than the actual material transverse wave sound velocity, the S-view bottom echo signals are not at the same depth; the depth displayed by the bottom echo signal is reduced along with the increase of the sound beam angle, and the change speed is faster when the sound beam angle is larger.
4. The method for measuring the shear wave sound velocity of a material according to claim 2, wherein in step a, the depth of focus is set to 1 times the thickness of the inspection work piece, and when the thickness of the inspection work piece is unknown, the depth of focus is set to an approximate value or an estimated value of the thickness of the inspection work piece, and in step c, when the bottom echo signal appears as a horizontal line, the scale value of the ordinate where the bottom echo signal is located is the actual thickness of the inspection work piece.
5. A method of measuring the shear wave sound velocity of a material according to claim 3, wherein in step a, the beam angle is set at 30 ° to 70 °.
6. The method for measuring the shear wave sound velocity of a material according to claim 3, wherein in step a, preparation is performed before setting the focusing rule, and the preparation comprises: initializing an instrument, clearing all current parameter settings of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector, and restoring a default value; and (4) establishing a group, setting the plate thickness according to a guide prompt, inputting the thickness of the detected workpiece, and selecting a probe and a wedge block.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the probe frequency is selected to be 2.5 to 7.5Mhz, and the number of wafers of the probe is at least 32; the wedges selected were 55 ° wedges.
8. The method for measuring the shear wave sound velocity of a material according to claim 6, wherein after the focusing rule is set, calibration of the probe and the wedge is performed, and the error calculated by the focusing rule due to the dimensional deviation of the wedge caused by wear is corrected by delayed calibration; the sensitivity differences between different angles are compensated for by the sensitivity calibration correction.
9. The method for measuring the transverse wave sound velocity of a material according to claim 2, wherein when the input transverse wave sound velocity needs to be adjusted, the auxiliary line of the phased array ultrasonic flaw detector is used for helping to observe whether bottom surface echoes of all sound beam angles are on the same horizontal line or not, and the sound velocity is finely adjusted by combining gate reading.
10. The method of measuring the shear wave sound velocity of a material according to claim 9, wherein the sound velocity error of ± 20m/s or more is directly adjusted by visual observation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110806644.XA CN113720918B (en) | 2021-07-16 | 2021-07-16 | Method for measuring transverse wave sound velocity of material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110806644.XA CN113720918B (en) | 2021-07-16 | 2021-07-16 | Method for measuring transverse wave sound velocity of material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113720918A true CN113720918A (en) | 2021-11-30 |
| CN113720918B CN113720918B (en) | 2023-10-13 |
Family
ID=78673500
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110806644.XA Active CN113720918B (en) | 2021-07-16 | 2021-07-16 | Method for measuring transverse wave sound velocity of material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113720918B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114184146A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-15 | 上海船舶工程质量检测有限公司 | System and method for measuring longitudinal wave sound velocity distribution of high-sound attenuation/large-thickness material |
Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0008197A1 (en) * | 1978-08-04 | 1980-02-20 | The Commonwealth Of Australia | Method and apparatus for ultrasonic examination of objects |
| FR2566130A1 (en) * | 1984-06-15 | 1985-12-20 | Labo Electronique Physique | MEDIUM EXAMINATION APPARATUS BY ULTRASOUND ULTRASONOGRAPHY |
| US4566459A (en) * | 1983-02-14 | 1986-01-28 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Ultrasonic diagnosis system |
| JPS6262266A (en) * | 1985-09-12 | 1987-03-18 | Aloka Co Ltd | Measurement of ultrasonic wave propagation velocity |
| JPH04274754A (en) * | 1991-03-01 | 1992-09-30 | Toshiba Corp | Ultrasonic flaw detector for turbine rotor blade base |
| JP2000221076A (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-08-11 | Tokimec Inc | Ultrasonic sound velocity measuring method |
| JP2008046097A (en) * | 2006-08-21 | 2008-02-28 | Honda Electronic Co Ltd | Acoustic velocity measuring method and acoustic velocity measuring instrument |
| RU2008112967A (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2009-10-10 | Владимир Иванович Пудов (RU) | METHOD FOR ADJUSTING ULTRASONIC DEFECTOSCOPES |
| CN104483385A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-04-01 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Method for measuring longitudinal wave velocity of anisotropic material |
| CN107576730A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-01-12 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | A kind of method of normal probe measurement workpiece transverse wave velocity |
| CN112484836A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-12 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Ultrasonic probe device and workpiece sound velocity measurement method |
-
2021
- 2021-07-16 CN CN202110806644.XA patent/CN113720918B/en active Active
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0008197A1 (en) * | 1978-08-04 | 1980-02-20 | The Commonwealth Of Australia | Method and apparatus for ultrasonic examination of objects |
| US4566459A (en) * | 1983-02-14 | 1986-01-28 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Ultrasonic diagnosis system |
| FR2566130A1 (en) * | 1984-06-15 | 1985-12-20 | Labo Electronique Physique | MEDIUM EXAMINATION APPARATUS BY ULTRASOUND ULTRASONOGRAPHY |
| JPS6262266A (en) * | 1985-09-12 | 1987-03-18 | Aloka Co Ltd | Measurement of ultrasonic wave propagation velocity |
| JPH04274754A (en) * | 1991-03-01 | 1992-09-30 | Toshiba Corp | Ultrasonic flaw detector for turbine rotor blade base |
| JP2000221076A (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-08-11 | Tokimec Inc | Ultrasonic sound velocity measuring method |
| JP2008046097A (en) * | 2006-08-21 | 2008-02-28 | Honda Electronic Co Ltd | Acoustic velocity measuring method and acoustic velocity measuring instrument |
| RU2008112967A (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2009-10-10 | Владимир Иванович Пудов (RU) | METHOD FOR ADJUSTING ULTRASONIC DEFECTOSCOPES |
| CN104483385A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-04-01 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Method for measuring longitudinal wave velocity of anisotropic material |
| CN107576730A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-01-12 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | A kind of method of normal probe measurement workpiece transverse wave velocity |
| CN112484836A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-12 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Ultrasonic probe device and workpiece sound velocity measurement method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 龚思;沈海滨;王强;谢正文;胡栋;: "100t钢包耳轴深厚焊缝超声相控阵的CIVA仿真与检测", 中国计量学院学报, no. 02 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114184146A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-15 | 上海船舶工程质量检测有限公司 | System and method for measuring longitudinal wave sound velocity distribution of high-sound attenuation/large-thickness material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113720918B (en) | 2023-10-13 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107747922B (en) | Method for measuring subsurface defect buried depth based on laser ultrasound | |
| KR20100045284A (en) | Calibration block (reference block) and calibration procedure for phased-array ultrasonic inspection | |
| CN108872386B (en) | Correction method for concrete strength ultrasonic angle measurement method detection | |
| EP0276308B1 (en) | Ultrasonic method of measuring dimensions of flaw in solid material | |
| CN106124638B (en) | The acoustic field measuring method of R corner structure ultrasonic phase arrays detection curved surface linear array probe | |
| CN110208384A (en) | A kind of workpiece surface is open the measurement method at oblique flaw height and inclination angle | |
| KR20100124242A (en) | Calibration block (reference block) and calibration procedure for phased-array ultrasonic inspection | |
| CN112525996B (en) | Ultrasonic imaging detection method for isotropic pyrolytic graphite | |
| WO2023082664A1 (en) | Water immersion ultrasonic detection method and apparatus for gas turbine blade wall thickness | |
| CN113720918B (en) | Method for measuring transverse wave sound velocity of material | |
| CN114184146B (en) | System and method for measuring longitudinal wave sound velocity distribution of high-sound attenuation/large-thickness material | |
| CN108872400A (en) | A kind of small diameter pipe welded joint phased array ultrasonic detection reference block | |
| KR20070065934A (en) | Apparatus and method for crack length evaluation by phased array ultrasonic | |
| CN114674928A (en) | Method for suppressing blind area in ultrasonic TOFD (time of flight diffraction) detection of thin plate structure based on second-order mode wave | |
| CN109212039B (en) | Nondestructive measurement method for content of reinforcement in particle-reinforced metal-based composite material | |
| CN114019024A (en) | Method and system for measuring penetration depth of lower layer of weld joint in lap welding | |
| KR20100124238A (en) | Calibration block (reference block) and calibration procedure for phased-array ultrasonic inspection | |
| CN111458415B (en) | Method for detecting coupling state of ultrasonic phased array transducer and workpiece to be detected | |
| CN111174894B (en) | Laser ultrasonic transverse wave sound velocity measurement method | |
| CN112858474A (en) | Ultrasonic testing method and system for stress of ceramic rock plate | |
| KR20150023434A (en) | Steel material quality evaluation method and quality evaluation device | |
| CN114720562A (en) | Method for ultrasonically detecting internal defect equivalent of continuous casting round billet | |
| JP2006313115A (en) | Ultrasonic flaw detecting method and ultrasonic flaw detector | |
| CN208860814U (en) | A kind of small diameter pipe welded joint phased array ultrasonic detection reference block | |
| CN103207240B (en) | The measuring method of the longitudinal acoustic pressure distribution of a kind of angle probe ultrasonic field |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |