CN113720066B - Biological sample liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator - Google Patents
Biological sample liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN113720066B CN113720066B CN202111279471.7A CN202111279471A CN113720066B CN 113720066 B CN113720066 B CN 113720066B CN 202111279471 A CN202111279471 A CN 202111279471A CN 113720066 B CN113720066 B CN 113720066B
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 282
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 239000012472 biological sample Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
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- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
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- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 5
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
- F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D19/00—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors
- F25D19/04—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors with more than one refrigeration unit
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D23/00—General constructional features
- F25D23/06—Walls
- F25D23/062—Walls defining a cabinet
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D23/00—General constructional features
- F25D23/06—Walls
- F25D23/065—Details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2201/00—Insulation
- F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
- F25D2201/14—Insulation with respect to heat using subatmospheric pressure
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a biological sample liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator, which comprises a liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator main body and two sets of compressor refrigerating systems; the liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator main body comprises an inner tank body, an outer tank body and a vacuum interlayer positioned between the inner tank body and the outer tank body; the liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator main body also comprises a liquid nitrogen filling pipe for filling liquid nitrogen into the inner tank body; the two sets of compressor refrigeration systems respectively comprise a condenser, a compressor, a condensation evaporator, a throttling device and evaporation cooling coils, and the two evaporation cooling coils are wound on the inner wall of the inner tank body in a staggered mode. The invention combines liquid nitrogen refrigeration and mechanical compression refrigeration and utilizes the vacuum heat insulation layer for heat insulation, thereby having the characteristics of good energy-saving effect, ensuring the safety of stored biological samples, and having more flexible use mode and wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological sample storage, in particular to a biological sample liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator.
Background
The biological sample bank, also called biological bank, is mainly used for storing various human biological samples for various researches, including tissues, whole blood, blood plasma, blood serum, DNA, RNA, biological body fluid, or preliminarily processed biological samples, and various clinical data, pathology, treatment, follow-up visit and other information data related to the biological samples, and is a resource bank which is professionally collected, transported, stored, managed and used according to strict technical standards. The biological sample library has irreplaceable important function for the research of human disease prediction, diagnosis, treatment and the like, and is an important guarantee for realizing the transformation medicine and the accurate medicine. With the continuous improvement of the comprehensive national power of China, the construction of biological sample resource libraries by China is increasingly emphasized.
The cryogenic refrigeration technology is a core technology of a biological sample library, and in the biological sample library, a sample is generally required to be stored under a low temperature condition because the biochemical reaction of the sample is greatly reduced in a low temperature environment, so that the stability of various components in the sample is improved. The storage modes mainly adopted at present comprise a liquid nitrogen tank and an ultra-low temperature refrigerator. Both have certain disadvantages.
Liquid nitrogen refrigeration: the liquid nitrogen is a colorless, tasteless and extremely low-temperature substance, and the temperature of the liquid nitrogen is-196 ℃ under normal pressure, and the liquid nitrogen tank is manufactured by utilizing the physical characteristics of the liquid nitrogen. The liquid nitrogen tank can maintain the sample at a low temperature of-196 ℃, and is the best storage temperature of the sample library which can be achieved under the current technical conditions. However, the use of liquid nitrogen is limited to a certain extent, firstly, enterprises which do not produce liquid nitrogen in part of regions need to purchase the liquid nitrogen from other places, and in addition, the loss in the use process is extremely large, the frequency of replacing and supplementing the liquid nitrogen is frequent, and the cost is extremely high. In addition, the liquid nitrogen storage area has higher requirements on air exhaust and safety facilities. An exhaust system must be installed in the liquid nitrogen reservoir area, and the air exchange times are 12 times/h. Because the liquid nitrogen is continuously evaporated, the content of the nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen reservoir is continuously increased, so that the oxygen concentration in the liquid nitrogen reservoir is reduced, the breathing difficulty of personnel entering the reservoir area can be caused, and the life safety can be endangered in serious cases. Therefore, an oxygen concentration monitor must be installed in the liquid nitrogen reservoir. The oxygen monitoring and exhaust system needs to be automatically controlled in a combined mode, related acousto-optic alarm facilities are arranged, and the forced exhaust system can be started if linkage of the oxygen monitoring and exhaust system fails. In summary, some small and medium hospitals and laboratories may not have the use condition of the liquid nitrogen tank.
Mechanical refrigeration of a compressor: an ultra-low temperature refrigerator realizes a low temperature environment by vapor compression refrigeration cycle, and is also called mechanical refrigeration. The refrigerating system comprises a compressor, a condenser, a throttling mechanism, an evaporator and the like. In terms of the refrigeration cycle, the currently used refrigeration systems include a cascade refrigeration system and a self-cascade refrigeration system. The low-temperature refrigerator can be divided into a plurality of series of-30 ℃, 40 ℃, 60 ℃, 80 ℃ and 156 ℃ according to the temperature in the refrigerator. The ultra-low temperature refrigerator is refrigerated by means of consuming electric energy, and the refrigeration system has low energy efficiency ratio and large power consumption under low-temperature environment. In addition, in view of the possibility of interruption of commercial power, a backup power source needs to be provided. In the aspect of biological sample preservation, the mechanical refrigeration of the compressor has two fatal defects, namely, power failure or mechanical failure, once the refrigeration device fails, the temperature in the refrigerator rises, samples such as cell tissues, viruses and the like stored in the refrigerator are damaged, and the biological samples lose research value, so that loss is caused and cannot be estimated; secondly, the safe use temperature of the ultra-low temperature refrigerator is-86 ℃, but for biological samples such as stem cells, somatic cells, embryos, oocytes and the like, the biological samples must be stored in liquid nitrogen at the temperature of-196 ℃, but the liquid nitrogen storage requires frequent replacement of a liquid nitrogen supply tank, thereby causing high operation and maintenance cost and remarkable inconvenience.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a biological sample liquid nitrogen container refrigerator.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A biological sample liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator comprises a liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator main body and two sets of compressor refrigerating systems; the liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator main body comprises an inner tank body, an outer tank body and a vacuum interlayer positioned between the inner tank body and the outer tank body; the liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator main body also comprises a liquid nitrogen filling pipe for filling liquid nitrogen into the inner tank body; the two sets of compressor refrigeration systems respectively comprise a condenser, a compressor, a condensation evaporator, a throttling device and evaporation cooling coils, and the two evaporation cooling coils are wound on the inner wall of the inner tank body in a staggered mode.
Further, the gas vent of compressor is connected with the import of condenser, and the export of condenser is connected with the heat transfer passageway import of condensation evaporimeter, and the exit of heat transfer passageway of condensation evaporimeter and throttling arrangement's access connection, throttling arrangement's export and evaporative cooling coil's access connection, evaporative cooling coil's export and the two access connections of heat transfer passageway of condensation evaporimeter, and the two exports of heat transfer passageway of condensation evaporimeter are connected with the induction port of compressor.
Furthermore, one end of the liquid nitrogen filling pipe is located at the bottom of the inner tank body, and the other end of the liquid nitrogen filling pipe penetrates through the tank body at the bottom of the inner tank body, enters the vacuum interlayer and penetrates out of the upper end enclosure of the outer tank body.
Further, an upper end enclosure coating, a tank body coating and a lower end enclosure coating which are respectively coated on the top of the inner tank body, the tank body of the inner tank body and the bottom of the inner tank body are arranged in the vacuum interlayer, and the coating is formed by stacking multiple layers of heat insulation paper and multiple layers of aluminum foil layers at intervals.
Furthermore, an opening is formed in the upper sealing head of the inner tank body and the upper sealing head of the outer tank body, a tank mouth necking component is arranged at the opening, and a tank plug cover is movably arranged in the tank mouth necking component.
Further, the tank mouth necking assembly comprises a pipe body, wherein a necking top and a necking bottom are respectively formed outwards on the upper portion and the lower portion of the outer wall of the pipe body, the necking top is fixedly connected with the upper end enclosure of the outer tank body, and the necking bottom is fixedly connected with the upper end enclosure of the inner tank body; and a tank opening vacuum interlayer is formed between the top of the necking and the bottom of the necking.
Further, the can plug cover comprises a can plug cover fixing part and a can plug cover moving part; the tank plug cover fixing part comprises a fixing part top plate, a heat insulation plate is arranged below the fixing part top plate, a through hole for inserting the movable part of the tank plug cover is formed in the middle of the fixing part top plate and the heat insulation plate, and the tank plugs at the fixing parts are connected below the heat insulation plates on the two sides of the through hole; the movable part of the can stopper cover comprises a movable part top plate, a movable part can stopper is arranged below the movable part top plate, and a movable part handle is arranged above the movable part top plate.
Further, still be equipped with the sample in the liquid nitrogen container refrigerator main part and deposit the subassembly, the sample is deposited the subassembly and is included sample rack and hand-basket.
Further, the sample placing frame comprises a main shaft, and a turntable is fixed at the lower part of the main shaft; the rotary table is provided with a plurality of basket guide supports, and a basket is movably connected between every two adjacent basket guide supports.
Furthermore, the basket guide support comprises two support plates arranged at an acute angle, the upper ends of the two support plates are fixed through a fixing plate, and the lower ends of the support plates are fixed with the turntable; the lateral wall of the supporting plate forms a guide groove along the extending direction of the supporting plate, and two sides of the lifting basket are provided with lifting basket guide strips matched with the guide groove.
The present invention obtains the following advantageous effects.
1. The invention perfectly combines the triple refrigeration system and the vacuum heat preservation technology, and ensures the absolute safety of the biological sample.
The liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator is provided with a triple refrigeration system with two refrigeration modes, namely comprises two parallel compressor refrigeration systems and a standby optional liquid nitrogen refrigeration system, and provides triple protection for samples. When one of the two refrigerating systems fails, the other refrigerating system works independently to achieve the refrigerating effect at minus 80 ℃, so that double safety protection on samples is realized; when power failure occurs or the two refrigerating systems are in failure, the biological sample is protected by the liquid nitrogen refrigerating system, so that the third safety protection on the biological sample is realized. Therefore, the liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator can avoid the unreliability of independent mechanical refrigeration, and can ensure that the liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator maintains a lower and safer low-temperature environment by starting a standby liquid nitrogen refrigeration mode at any time.
In addition, if the common refrigerator is filled with liquid nitrogen, heat preservation can not be achieved, the refrigerator door and the refrigerator outer body are completely frosted and frozen due to cold quantity conduction at the temperature of minus 190 ℃, the refrigerator can not be used, and simultaneously a large amount of liquid nitrogen is wasted. The reason is that the heat conductivity coefficient of the rigid polyurethane foam of the common refrigerator is 0.018-0.023W/(m x K), while the interlayer space of the liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator is in a high heat insulation vacuum state, and the equivalent heat conductivity coefficient is only 10-4~10-5W/(m × K) is increased by one hundred times to one thousand times compared with the heat insulation capability of a common refrigerator. Therefore, the liquid nitrogen refrigerator can be completely and stably used as a liquid nitrogen tank for low-temperature storage of samples at-180 ℃ to-190 ℃ for a long time, and if the liquid nitrogen is not supplied timely or cannot be supplied, two independent and parallel sets of compressors can be used as a second scheme for biological sample storage through mechanical refrigeration, so that the absolute safety of biological samples is ensured.
2. The liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator has the advantages of high efficiency, energy conservation, stability, reliability and long service life
The invention combines liquid nitrogen refrigeration and mechanical compression refrigeration and utilizes the vacuum heat insulation layer for heat insulation, thereby leading the invention to have the characteristics of good energy-saving effect and stable use. The vacuum heat insulating layer is vacuumized to form a vacuum heat insulating layer, and the vacuum degree of the interlayer can reach 5 multiplied by 10-5Pa, set up the insulating layer of wound form simultaneously between inner tank body and the outer tank body, form vacuum insulation structure, this vacuum insulation structure can effectively prevent gaseous convection heat transfer and gaseous heat-conduction to and weaken the influence of thermal radiation. For a liquid nitrogen refrigeration system, the static evaporation rate of liquid nitrogen can be reduced, and the consumption of liquid nitrogen resources is saved; for a mechanical refrigeration system, the refrigeration load can be obviously reduced, and the energy conservation performance is improved.
At present, a common ultra-low temperature refrigerator generally adopts rigid polyurethane foam as a heat insulation material. Considering that water vapor is transferred into the enclosure structure in use, moisture is condensed in the heat insulation layer, the moisture content of the heat insulation material is increased, the actual heat conductivity coefficient is increased, and the service life of the refrigerator is influenced. The liquid nitrogen refrigerator of the invention uses the vacuum interlayer as a heat insulation structure, the middle of the interlayer is in a high vacuum state, and the equivalent heat conductivity coefficient is only 10-4~10-5Of the order of W/(m K). The smaller the heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation structure of the liquid nitrogen tank is, the better the heat insulation performance is, the smaller the required refrigeration load is, the smaller the capacity and the volume of refrigeration equipment such as a compressor, a heat exchanger and the like are, the power consumption is reduced, and the energy conservation performance is obviously improved. Experimental data show that in the same environment, the internal temperature of a common refrigerator compressor needs about 20min after being stopped from minus 86 ℃ to minus 80 ℃, and the internal temperature of a liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator compressor needs about 60min to 90min after being stopped from minus 86 ℃ to minus 80 ℃. According to the data, the liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator can save energy by 67% -78% compared with a common ultralow temperature refrigerator. And because this kind of liquid nitrogen jar refrigerator adopts closed shell, insulation construction vacuum is higher, and vacuum interlayer gas leakage rate is very low, does not have vapor and transmits into envelope, the problem that insulation material absorbs water, and relative to ordinary ultra-low temperature refrigerator, the life of liquid nitrogen jar is longer.
3. The invention can realize the multifunctional application of the liquid nitrogen tank
The storage method is different because of the wide variety of biological samples. Frozen tissue sections or frozen tissues for DNA and RNA extraction, liquid samples such as whole blood, serum, blood clots, non-lymphoid cells and plasma samples are stored at-80 ℃ and fresh frozen tissues stored for long periods are stored in liquid nitrogen. In addition, cryopreservation (-196 ℃) is often used for cell subculture. A user can select ultra-low temperature preservation by liquid nitrogen (196 ℃ below zero) and mechanical refrigeration type refrigerator preservation with higher preservation temperature (such as-20 ℃ below zero to-80 ℃) according to different scientific research requirements and use occasions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention directed to two compressor refrigeration systems;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an evaporative cooling coil embodying the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the refrigerator body of the liquid nitrogen tank of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the sample storage assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the sample holder of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the turntable of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the construction of the present invention carrier;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the construction of the spout of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the construction of the can closure of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the construction of the stopper cover securing portion of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the construction of the lid activating portion of the can stopper of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of two compressor refrigeration systems according to the present invention.
The refrigerator comprises a refrigerator main body, a liquid nitrogen tank and a refrigerator main body, wherein 1, the refrigerator main body is a liquid nitrogen tank; 101. an inner tank body; 102. an outer tank body; 103. vacuum interlayer; 104. a tank mouth necking assembly; 1041. the top of the throat; 1042. necking down the bottom; 1043. a pipe body; 1044. a tank opening; 1045. a tank opening vacuum interlayer; 105. a can stopper cap; 1051. a canister closure bracket; 1052. a stopper cap fixing portion; 10521. a fixed part top plate; 10522. a heat insulation plate; 10523. a fixed part can plug; 10524. positioning pins; 1053. a can stopper cover movable portion; 10531. a movable part top plate; 10532. a movable portion tank plug; 10533. a movable part handle; 10534. positioning the ear; 106. a first evaporative cooling coil; 107. a second evaporative cooling coil; 108. a vacuum pumping port; 109. a liquid nitrogen filling pipe; 110. a temperature measuring tube; 111. a liquid level tube; 112. a main shaft; 113. a bottom bearing seat; 114. a connecting shaft; 115. an upper end shaft of the main shaft; 116. a top bearing seat; 117. a speed reducer; 1171. a reducer bracket; 118. a servo motor; 119. lifting lugs; 120. a turntable; 1201. a main shaft mounting hole; 1202. lightening holes; 1203. positioning a groove; 121. a basket guide support; 1211. a support plate; 1212. a guide groove; 1213. a fixing plate; 122. a first connecting plate; 123. a second connecting plate; 124. a central connecting plate; 125. a connecting rod; 126. lifting a basket; 1261. a basket guide bar; 127. a sample cartridge; 2. a first condenser; 3. a first compressor; 4. a first condensing evaporator; 5. a first throttling device; 6. a second condenser; 7. a second compressor; 8. a second condenser-evaporator; 9. a second throttling device; 10. and (7) mounting frames.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1-13, a biological sample liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator comprises a liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator main body 1 formed by combining an inner tank body 101 and an outer tank body 102, wherein a vacuum interlayer 103 is arranged between the inner tank body 101 and the outer tank body 102; openings are formed in the upper sealing ends of the inner tank body 101 and the outer tank body 102, a tank mouth necking component 104 is arranged at the openings, and a tank plug cover 105 is movably arranged in the tank mouth necking component 104.
The biological sample liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator is provided with a triple refrigeration system, and the triple refrigeration system comprises two sets of parallel and same compressor refrigeration systems and a standby optional liquid nitrogen refrigeration system.
The two sets of parallel and same compressor refrigerating systems are a first compressor refrigerating system and a second compressor refrigerating system. The first compressor refrigeration system comprises a first condenser 2, a first compressor 3, a first condensing evaporator 4, a first throttling device 5 (capillary tube), a first evaporative cooling coil 106; the second compressor refrigeration system includes a second condenser 6, a second compressor 7, a second condenser evaporator 8, a second throttling device 9 (capillary tube), a second evaporative cooling coil 107. The first evaporative cooling coil 106 and the second evaporative cooling coil 107 are fixed to the inner wall of the inner tank 101.
Specifically, the gas vent of compressor is connected with the import of condenser, and the export of condenser is connected with the import of heat transfer passageway one of condensation evaporimeter, and the exit of heat transfer passageway one of condensation evaporimeter and throttling arrangement's access connection, throttling arrangement's export and evaporative cooling coil's access connection, evaporative cooling coil's export and the two access connections of heat transfer passageway of condensation evaporimeter, and the two exports of heat transfer passageway of condensation evaporimeter are connected with the induction port of compressor. This application condensation evaporator contains two heat transfer passageways, and passageway one is exhaust section high temperature high pressure fluid, and passageway two is section low temperature low pressure fluid of breathing in, and two passageways carry out the heat transfer.
Specifically, the refrigerant in the evaporative cooling coil is in an up-in and down-out mode. The top outlets of the two evaporative cooling coils are two stainless steel pipes welded on the upper end socket of the inner tank body 101 and the upper end socket of the outer tank body 102, the bottom outlets of the two evaporative cooling coils are two stainless steel pipes welded on the lower end socket of the inner tank body 101 and the lower end socket of the outer tank body 102, or the two bottom outlets are arranged at the bottom cylinder body of the inner tank body 101 and the bottom cylinder body of the outer tank body 102, and the inner cylinder body and the outer cylinder body are integrally provided with openings through the stainless steel pipes in a welded manner. The first evaporative cooling coil 106 and the second evaporative cooling coil 107 are spirally arranged on the inner wall of the inner tank body 101 in a staggered and spaced mode, and the distance between the two evaporative cooling coils is 40 mm; each evaporative cooling coil is spirally wound and fixed on the inner cylinder wall of the inner tank body 101 at a distance of 80mm through stainless steel clips.
As shown in fig. 13, the refrigeration method of the compressor refrigeration system of the present application is as follows: the mixed refrigerant is sucked by an air suction port of the compressor, compressed into high-temperature high-pressure steam and discharged from an air exhaust port, energy is consumed in the compression process, the discharged high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows to the condenser and is condensed and radiated with the external environment through the condenser, the temperature of the mixed refrigerant is reduced and cooled into gas-liquid two-phase high-pressure fluid, the mixed refrigerant enters a first channel of a condensation evaporator after being primarily condensed by the condenser, the first channel exchanges heat with the mixed refrigerant with lower temperature in a second channel, the temperature of the mixed refrigerant is further reduced and is completely condensed into liquid, the high-pressure liquid mixed refrigerant continues to flow through a throttling device for throttling and reducing pressure to be changed into low-temperature low-pressure wet steam, and then enters an evaporation cooling coil, the low-pressure liquid mixed refrigerant is vaporized in the evaporation cooling coil to absorb the heat of the air in the inner tank body 101, and the temperature of the inner tank body 101 is reduced, the inside of the inner tank 101 is in a low-temperature environment, the mixed refrigerant evaporates in the evaporation cooling coil part and then flows through the second channel of the condensation evaporator, the heat of the mixed refrigerant in the first channel is continuously evaporated and absorbed in the second channel, and finally the heat exchange is finished and the mixed refrigerant returns to the air suction port of the compressor, and the process is repeated.
The mixed refrigerant is a mixture of R600a, R170 and R14, and the weight ratio of R600a to R170 to R14 is (40-50): (20-30): (30-40); or the mixed refrigerant is a mixture of R600a, R23 and R14, and the weight ratio of R600a, R23 and R14 is (45-55): (15-20): (30-40).
In conclusion, the mixed working medium Linde circulating refrigeration system comprises two sets of mixed working medium Linde circulating refrigeration systems which are completely the same, the refrigeration systems use the mixed working medium and realize multi-stage overlapping through a single compressor, the low temperature of 86 ℃ below zero can be obtained, and compared with the traditional overlapping refrigeration system, the mixed working medium Linde circulating refrigeration system has fewer components and lower failure rate. The basic principle is that the mixed working medium is compressed once, condensed once by a condenser, and then condensed by a condensing evaporator, and the residual cold energy after evaporation is utilized to be completely condensed, throttled and evaporated to prepare the required low temperature.
The liquid nitrogen refrigeration system comprises a liquid nitrogen filling pipe 109, the liquid nitrogen filling pipe 109 is a stainless steel pipe with the diameter of 12mm, one end of the liquid nitrogen filling pipe is located at the bottom of the inner tank body 101, the other end of the liquid nitrogen filling pipe penetrates through the tank body at the bottom of the inner tank body 101 to enter the vacuum interlayer 103 and finally penetrates out of the upper end enclosure of the outer tank body 102, and the connection part of the liquid nitrogen filling pipe 109 and the inner tank body 101 and the connection part of the outer tank body 102 are connected and sealed through argon arc welding. Liquid nitrogen can be injected into the inner tank body 101 through the liquid nitrogen filling pipe 109, and a liquid nitrogen refrigerating layer is formed at the bottom of the inner tank body 101. The liquid nitrogen refrigeration system of the present application may also include a liquid nitrogen control valve external to the tank and a liquid nitrogen supply system.
The liquid nitrogen filling pipe 109 is designed in the vacuum interlayer 103, so that the vaporization loss of liquid nitrogen in the pipeline conveying process can be prevented, and the liquid nitrogen is filled from the bottom of the inner tank body 101. The liquid nitrogen storage is divided into liquid phase liquid nitrogen storage and gas phase liquid nitrogen storage. Liquid-phase liquid nitrogen storage, namely the inner tank body 101 can be filled with liquid nitrogen, so that the sample is maintained at the low temperature of-196 ℃; the gas-phase liquid nitrogen storage is characterized in that the liquid level of the liquid nitrogen is kept at the bottom of the tank body and is not in direct contact with a sample, and the gas-phase liquid nitrogen storage has the advantages of convenience in taking and placing the sample and difficulty in cross contamination of the sample.
The biological sample liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator adopts a vacuum heat insulation technology to carry out tank body heat preservation, namely a vacuum interlayer 103 is formed among the inner wall of an outer tank body 102, the outer wall of an inner tank body 101 and a tank opening necking assembly 104. In the production process, the outer tank body 102 is provided with a vacuumizing port 108 communicated with the vacuum interlayer 103, the vacuumizing port 108 is provided with a one-way valve, the vacuumizing port 108 is connected with a vacuum pump to vacuumize the vacuum interlayer 103, and the vacuum degree of the interlayer can reach 5 multiplied by 10-5Pa。
The tank mouth necking assembly 104 comprises a pipe body 1043, and a tank mouth 1044 is arranged in the pipe body 1043; a necking top 1041 is formed outwards around the tube 1043 at the upper part of the outer wall of the tube 1043, a necking bottom 1042 is formed outwards around the tube 1043 at the lower part of the outer wall of the tube 1043, and a tank mouth vacuum interlayer 1045 is a cavity between the necking top 1041 and the necking bottom 1042. The top portion 1041 of the throat is welded with the upper end enclosure of the outer tank 102 by argon arc welding, and the bottom portion 1042 of the throat is welded with the upper end enclosure of the inner tank 101 by argon arc welding. The tank opening vacuum interlayer 1045 between the necking top 1041 and the necking bottom 1042 forms a closed vacuum environment with the vacuum interlayer 103 for heat insulation.
A can stopper 105 is movably arranged in the can opening 1044. The closure 105 includes a closure securing portion 1052 and a closure moving portion 1053. The lid fixing portion 1052 is connected to the lid bracket 1051 on the upper end of the outer tank 102 by bolts. The can stopper fixing part 1052 includes a fixing part top plate 10521, a heat insulation plate 10522 is arranged below the fixing part top plate 10521, a through hole for inserting the can stopper moving part 1053 is formed in the middle of the fixing part top plate 10521 and the heat insulation plate 10522, a fixing part can stopper 10523 is connected below the heat insulation plate 10522 on both sides of the through hole, and 4 positioning pins 10524 are symmetrically formed on the fixing part top plates 10521 on both sides of the through hole. The pot plug cover movable part 1053 comprises a movable part top plate 10531, a movable part pot plug 10532 is arranged below the movable part top plate 10531, a movable part handle 10533 is arranged above the movable part top plate 10531, two positioning lugs 10534 are arranged on two sides of the movable part top plate 10531, and the positioning lugs 10534 are clamped with positioning pins 10524. Preferably, the fixed-part tank plug 10523 and the movable-part tank plug 10532 are made of polyurethane foam, and the heat insulation plate 10522 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
The liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator has the advantages of water disaster prevention and earthquake prevention besides power failure prevention measures, and because the common refrigerator is designed to be a front-opening door, the common refrigerator directly floods into the refrigerator in case of water disaster, and biological samples are polluted. The liquid nitrogen refrigerator is designed to be 1.4-2 m high and the height of the liquid nitrogen refrigerator can not be reached by common flood. Meanwhile, the tank body of the liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator is a cylindrical end enclosure stainless steel tank body with the thickness of 2-3 cm, and the support force is extremely strong in earthquake pressure and smashing resistance.
Simultaneously, this application is in vacuum intermediate layer 103, twines thermal insulation material on the inner tank body 101 outer wall, thermal insulation material is including cladding respectively at the upper head cladding quilt, the ladle body cladding quilt and the low head cladding quilt of inner tank body 101 top, inner tank body 101 ladle body and inner tank body 101 bottom, and the three is formed by a plurality of layers of thermal insulation paper and a plurality of layers of aluminium foil layer interval stack of cladding on the inner tank outer wall. Specifically, the upper end enclosure coating and the lower end enclosure coating are both in a circular structure, and the tank body coating is in a rectangular structure; furthermore, a plurality of triangular gaps are uniformly formed along the annular shape of the lower end enclosure coating quilt, so that wrinkles generated when the lower end enclosure coats the bottom of the coated inner tank body 101 are reduced.
In addition, the glass fiber reinforced plastic heat insulation bracket for supporting the inner tank body 101 is arranged at the center of the bottom of the lower end enclosure of the outer tank body 102, so that heat conduction of internal and external temperatures can be reduced, the inner tank body 101 has a better heat insulation effect, and the effects of reducing consumption and saving energy are achieved.
In conclusion, the vacuum heat-insulating structure can effectively prevent the convection heat exchange of gas and the heat conduction of gas, and the equivalent heat conductivity coefficient of the heat-insulating structure is only 10-4~10-5The order of W/(m × K) is even lower. For a liquid nitrogen refrigeration system, the static evaporation rate of liquid nitrogen can be reduced, and the consumption of liquid nitrogen resources is saved; for a mechanical refrigeration system, the refrigeration load can be obviously reduced, and the energy conservation performance is improved. Because the interlayer is in a vacuum state, the design can prevent the vaporization loss of the liquid nitrogen in the pipeline conveying process. The pressure at the inlet of the liquid nitrogen should be in the range of 0.7bar to 1.4bar, which is the optimum operating pressure, and the supply line of the liquid nitrogen should be fitted with a pressure relief valve to protect the liquid nitrogen line and associated valves. The utility model provides a liquid nitrogen container refrigerator adopts vacuum insulation technique, can greatly reduced volatility when using liquid nitrogen refrigeration, reduces the consumption that the liquid nitrogen supplied with, when using compressor refrigeration, because vacuum insulation keeps warm and is superior to polyurethane foaming heat preservation, can effectually greatly save the electric energy.
To sum up, the biological sample liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator of this application is equipped with triple refrigerating system, and wherein the compressor double mechanical refrigeration system includes two sets of mixed working medium linde circulation refrigerating system that are the same completely, and when compressor refrigerating system normally refrigerates, two sets of refrigerating system simultaneous operation reach the cryogenic purpose of-86 ℃ jointly, and when one certain fault in two sets of refrigerating system, another independent work reaches-80 ℃ refrigeration efficiency, realizes the dual safety protection to the sample. When the work of two sets of compressor refrigerating systems is changed into the work of one set of compressor refrigerating system, the vacuum heat preservation technology of the liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator can also ensure that the temperature in the tank body is reduced from minus 86 ℃ to minus 80 ℃ in a window period of 4-5 hours, the shutdown maintenance of maintainers is facilitated, and the safety of biological samples is not influenced, so that the double safety protection of the samples is realized. When power failure occurs or the two compressors are failed, the third safety protection on the biological sample is realized under the protection of a standby liquid nitrogen refrigerating system, and the liquid nitrogen can persist for 6-15 days. This application combines compressor mechanical refrigeration technique, liquid nitrogen refrigeration technique, vacuum insulation technique organic, provides triple safety protection for biological sample while very big saving the electric energy again.
The liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator main body 1 is further provided with a temperature measuring pipe 110 used for inserting a temperature sensor to detect the temperature in the tank. The temperature measuring pipe 110 is a stainless steel pipe with a diameter of 12mm, one end of the temperature measuring pipe extends into the bottom of the inner tank 101, and the other end of the temperature measuring pipe penetrates through the upper end enclosure of the inner tank 101, passes through the vacuum interlayer 103 and penetrates out of the upper end enclosure of the outer tank 102. The joints of the temperature measuring tube 110 and the inner tank body 101 and the outer tank body 102 are connected and sealed through argon arc welding. Furthermore, 2 PT100 temperature sensors are arranged in the temperature measuring pipe 110, one temperature sensor is arranged at the bottom of the tank, and one temperature sensor is arranged at the top of the tank. The temperature sensor used was the brand of JUMO, Germany, model 902150/10-214-1001-1-3.5-35-03-5000/999.
This application liquid nitrogen container refrigerator main part 1 is last still to be equipped with liquid level pipe 111, and liquid level pipe 111 is the stainless steel pipe of a diameter 12 mm's L type. The horizontal part of the liquid level pipe 111 is horizontally inserted into the inner surface of the bottom of the lower seal head of the inner tank 101 from the lower seal head of the inner tank 101, the vertical part of the liquid level pipe 111 is positioned in the vacuum interlayer 103, the top end of the liquid level pipe penetrates out from the upper seal head of the outer tank 102, and the connection parts of the liquid level pipe 111 and the inner tank 101 and the outer tank 102 are connected and sealed through argon arc welding. A differential pressure sensor liquid level detection hose is inserted into the liquid level pipe 111, and the brand of the used differential pressure sensor is American Setra and the model is 268150CLD11CF1 NN.
The upper end enclosure of the liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator main body 1 is symmetrically provided with two lifting lugs 119 and used for lifting the liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator main body 1.
The assembly is deposited to still being equipped with the sample in the liquid nitrogen container refrigerator main part 1 of this application. The sample storage assembly includes a sample rack and a basket 126. The sample placing frame comprises a main shaft 112, the lower end of the main shaft 112 is connected with the inner tank body 101 through a bottom bearing seat 113 arranged at the center of the bottom of a lower end socket of the inner tank body 101, and an ultralow-temperature bearing is installed on the bottom bearing seat 113. The upper end of the main shaft 112 is connected with a glass fiber reinforced plastic connecting shaft 114 with a heat insulation effect, the top of the connecting shaft 114 is connected with a main shaft upper end shaft 115, the main shaft 112 and the main shaft upper end shaft 115 are connected through a glass shaft, and heat conduction of internal and external temperatures can be reduced, so that the inner tank body 101 has a good heat preservation effect, and the effects of reducing consumption and saving energy are achieved. The upper end shaft 115 of the main shaft and the connecting shaft 114 are positioned in a top bearing seat 116, and the top bearing seat 116 is connected with the upper end socket of the inner tank body 101 and the upper end socket of the outer tank body 102 into a whole through welding; an ultra-low temperature bearing is installed in the top bearing seat 116, and the spindle upper end shaft 115 is installed in the top ultra-low temperature bearing. The upper end shaft 115 of the main shaft is connected with an output shaft of the speed reducer 117 through a key, the speed reducer 117 is fixedly installed on a speed reducer bracket 1171 on the upper end socket of the outer tank 102, and the input end of the speed reducer 117 is provided with the servo motor 118 for driving the main shaft 112 to rotate at an accurate angle.
A flange is arranged at the lower part of the main shaft 112, and the flange of the main shaft 112 is connected with the turntable 120 through bolts. A spindle mounting hole 1201 for inserting the spindle 112 is formed in the center of the turntable 120, and a plurality of positioning grooves 1203 and a plurality of weight-reducing holes 1202 are further formed in the turntable 120. Two layers of basket guide supports 121 are radially distributed on the turntable 120, 6 groups of basket guide supports 121 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the inner layer, and 12 groups of basket guide supports 121 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the outer layer. The outer basket guide support 121 is connected with the inner basket guide support 121 through a first connecting plate 122, and the inner basket guide support 121 is connected with a central connecting plate 124 sleeved on the upper portion of the main shaft 112 through a second connecting plate 123 and a connecting rod 125, so that the sample placing frame is integrally connected.
The basket guide support 121 includes two support plates 1211 disposed at an acute angle, and preferably, the two support plates 1211 are disposed at an angle of 60 °; the upper ends of the two support plates 1211 are fixed into a whole by a fixing plate 1213, and the lower ends of the support plates 1211 are inserted into the positioning grooves 1203 of the turntable 120 and fixed on the turntable 120 by screws; a guide groove 1212 is formed on the sidewall of the support plate 1211 along the extending direction of the support plate 1211, and basket guide strips 1261 matching with the guide groove 1212 are provided on both sides of the basket 126. The baskets 126 are installed between two adjacent basket guide brackets 121, and each basket 126 can store 12 sample boxes 127 for storing biological samples. Preferably, the basket guide strips 1261 are made of teflon, and the main body of the basket 126 is formed by connecting machined aluminum plates.
When the biological sample needs to be stored and taken in the liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator, the sample placing rack is rotated through the program control motor, the tank opening 1044 is aligned with the position of the target basket 126, the operator manually or the mechanical arm automatically opens the tank plug, the basket 126 is pulled out of the tank opening 1044 from the inside of the tank through a special lifting hook or a mechanical handle, and the storage and taking operation of the target sample is completed. According to the invention, the sample storage assembly is arranged to store the sample, so that the storage and taking of the sample in the liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator are effectively improved, and the storage and taking of the sample can be upgraded to an automatic biological sample liquid nitrogen refrigerator, so that the sample storage and taking are more convenient, more efficient and more intelligent.
The liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator main body 1 and the compressor refrigerating system are arranged on the mounting frame 10.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a biological sample liquid nitrogen container refrigerator which characterized in that: comprises a liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator main body (1) and two sets of compressor refrigerating systems; the liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator main body (1) comprises an inner tank body (101), an outer tank body (102) and a vacuum interlayer (103) positioned between the inner tank body (101) and the outer tank body (102); the liquid nitrogen tank refrigerator main body (1) further comprises a liquid nitrogen filling pipe (109) for filling liquid nitrogen into the inner tank body (101), one end of the liquid nitrogen filling pipe (109) is located at the bottom of the inner tank body (101), and the other end of the liquid nitrogen filling pipe penetrates through the tank body at the bottom of the inner tank body (101) to enter the vacuum interlayer (103) and penetrates out of an upper end enclosure of the outer tank body (102); the two sets of compressor refrigeration systems respectively comprise a condenser, a compressor, a condensing evaporator, a throttling device and an evaporative cooling coil, and the two evaporative cooling coils are wound on the inner wall of the inner tank body (101) in a staggered manner;
the exhaust port of the compressor is connected with the inlet of the condenser, the outlet of the condenser is connected with the inlet of the first heat exchange channel of the condensation evaporator, the outlet of the first heat exchange channel of the condensation evaporator is connected with the inlet of the throttling device, the outlet of the throttling device is connected with the inlet of the evaporative cooling coil, the outlet of the evaporative cooling coil is connected with the inlet of the second heat exchange channel of the condensation evaporator, and the outlet of the second heat exchange channel of the condensation evaporator is connected with the air suction port of the compressor;
openings are formed in the upper end closures of the inner tank body (101) and the outer tank body (102), a tank opening necking component (104) is arranged at the openings, and a tank plug cover (105) is movably arranged in the tank opening necking component (104);
the tank mouth necking assembly (104) comprises a pipe body (1043), a necking top (1041) and a necking bottom (1042) are respectively formed outwards at the upper part and the lower part of the outer wall of the pipe body (1043), the necking top (1041) is fixedly connected with an upper end enclosure of the outer tank body (102), and the necking bottom (1042) is fixedly connected with an upper end enclosure of the inner tank body (101); a tank mouth vacuum interlayer (1045) is formed between the necking top (1041) and the necking bottom (1042);
the closure lid (105) comprises a closure lid securing portion (1052) and a closure lid moving portion (1053); the tank plug cover fixing part (1052) comprises a fixing part top plate (10521), a heat insulation plate (10522) is arranged below the fixing part top plate (10521), a through hole for inserting the tank plug cover moving part (1053) is formed in the middle of the fixing part top plate (10521) and the heat insulation plate (10522), and fixing part tank plugs (10523) are connected below the heat insulation plates (10522) on the two sides of the through hole; the tank plug cover movable part (1053) comprises a movable part top plate (10531), a movable part tank plug (10532) is arranged below the movable part top plate (10531), and a movable part handle (10533) is arranged above the movable part top plate (10531).
2. The liquid nitrogen container refrigerator for biological samples as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vacuum interlayer (103) is provided with an upper end enclosure coating cover, a tank body coating cover and a lower end enclosure coating cover which are respectively coated on the top of the inner tank body (101), the tank body of the inner tank body (101) and the bottom of the inner tank body (101), and the coating covers are formed by stacking multiple layers of heat insulation paper and multiple layers of aluminum foil layers at intervals.
3. The liquid nitrogen container refrigerator for biological samples as claimed in claim 1, wherein: still be equipped with the sample in liquid nitrogen container refrigerator main part (1) and deposit the subassembly, the sample is deposited the subassembly and is included sample rack and hand-basket (126).
4. The liquid nitrogen container refrigerator for biological samples as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the sample placing frame comprises a main shaft (112), and a rotary table (120) is fixed at the lower part of the main shaft (112); the rotary table (120) is provided with a plurality of basket guide supports (121), and a basket (126) is movably connected between every two adjacent basket guide supports (121).
5. The liquid nitrogen container refrigerator for biological samples as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the basket guide support (121) comprises two supporting plates (1211) arranged at an acute angle, the upper ends of the two supporting plates (1211) are fixed through a fixing plate (1213), and the lower ends of the supporting plates (1211) are fixed with the turntable (120); and guide grooves (1212) are formed in the side walls of the support plate (1211) along the extending direction of the support plate (1211), and basket guide strips (1261) matched with the guide grooves (1212) are arranged on two sides of the basket (126).
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| CN113531997A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-10-22 | 义乌市铂玥信息技术咨询有限公司 | Compressor refrigeration vacuum insulation tank for storing biological samples |
| CN114517996B (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2023-05-26 | 朱金燕 | Vomit divides chamber cold-stored device for gastroenterology chemical examination |
| CN114413550B (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-17 | 金西盟(天津)人工智能有限责任公司 | Modularized detachable automatic refrigerator and method for putting sample tubes into and taking sample tubes out of storage of sample box |
| CN114946839B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-10-21 | 太平洋康泰科学仪器（济南）有限公司 | Liquid nitrogen container convenient to access |
| CN115751815B (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2024-01-19 | 杭州爱唯生命科技有限公司 | Multi-temperature storage liquid nitrogen refrigerator and switching method |
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| DE102011010121B4 (en) * | 2011-02-02 | 2016-09-01 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Walk-in cooling system, in particular for the cryopreservation of biological samples, and method for their operation |
| CN106871546A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2017-06-20 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of loss biological specimen of liquid nitrogen zero freezes the freezing chamber of tank |
| CN108151348A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-06-12 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of double-compressor refrigeration system and control method for single space refrigeration |
| CN210374231U (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2020-04-21 | 黑河学院 | Biological sample freezer |
| CN210625082U (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-05-26 | 天津海泰超导电子有限公司 | Small refrigerating device for superconducting system |
| CN111418578A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-17 | 北京科吉照维药剂自动化设备有限公司 | Non-contact liquid nitrogen type biological preservation container and system |
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