CN116171016A - Detector low temperature system - Google Patents
Detector low temperature system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116171016A CN116171016A CN202310142467.9A CN202310142467A CN116171016A CN 116171016 A CN116171016 A CN 116171016A CN 202310142467 A CN202310142467 A CN 202310142467A CN 116171016 A CN116171016 A CN 116171016A
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 262
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D16/00—Devices using a combination of a cooling mode associated with refrigerating machinery with a cooling mode not associated with refrigerating machinery
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
- F25D17/042—Air treating means within refrigerated spaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
- F25D17/06—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
- F25D17/08—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation using ducts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
- F25J1/002—Argon
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20327—Accessories for moving fluid, for connecting fluid conduits, for distributing fluid or for preventing leakage, e.g. pumps, tanks or manifolds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20381—Thermal management, e.g. evaporation control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F25D2317/04—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments
- F25D2317/043—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments by creating a vacuum in a storage compartment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature system of a detector, and relates to the technical field of related equipment of the detector; comprises a container system, a liquefying system and a vacuum system which are arranged on a bracket; the container system comprises a detector container for installing a detector, the detector container is connected with the liquefaction system through an argon pipe and a liquid argon pipe which are arranged in a sealing and heat-preserving mode, the liquefaction system and the container system are respectively connected with the vacuum system through vacuum pipelines, the vacuum system can respectively vacuumize the container system and the liquefaction system, and the liquefaction system is used for liquefying argon and then conveying the liquefied argon into the detector container. The detector low-temperature system provided by the invention has a good refrigerating effect and can continuously refrigerate, thereby providing a stable low-temperature environment for the detector.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of detector related equipment, in particular to a detector low-temperature system.
Background
The high-performance detector needs a low-temperature environment, and can ensure that the electronic device or the system can function normally only in the low-temperature environment, so that the sensitivity of the electronic device is improved, and the thermal noise from the system or the surrounding is shielded or reduced, so that the signal-to-noise ratio is greatly improved. At present, the known detector refrigerating system at home and abroad mostly adopts the refrigerating gas stored in the gas tank as the detector for refrigerating, and the detector is arranged in the gas tank. The existing detector has common refrigeration effect and shorter refrigeration time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-temperature system of a detector, which solves the problems in the prior art, has good refrigeration effect and can continuously refrigerate, thereby providing a stable low-temperature environment for the detector.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides a detector low-temperature system, which comprises a container system, a liquefying system and a vacuum system, wherein the container system, the liquefying system and the vacuum system are arranged on a bracket; the container system comprises a detector container for installing a detector, the detector container is connected with the liquefaction system through an argon pipe and a liquid argon pipe which are arranged in a sealing and heat-preserving mode, the liquefaction system and the container system are connected with the vacuum system through vacuum pipelines respectively, the vacuum system can vacuumize the container system and the liquefaction system respectively, the liquefaction system is used for liquefying argon and then conveying the liquefied argon into the detector container, a stable high-purity liquid argon environment is provided for the detector, high purity and stable pressure of liquid argon are guaranteed, and the low-temperature experiment requirement of the detector is met.
Optionally, still including set up in purification system on the support, purification system includes the retemperature device and the clarifier of through pipeline serial connection, be provided with first branch road and second branch road in parallel between retemperature device and the clarifier, all be provided with the control valve on first branch road and the second branch road, just install the bellows pump on the first branch road, retemperature device and the exit end of entrance point and clarifier respectively with liquefaction system connects, the entrance point of clarifier has the argon gas steel bottle through the pipe connection, and with be provided with the control valve on the pipeline that the argon gas steel bottle is connected, the entrance point and the exit end of clarifier are provided with a control valve respectively.
Optionally, the vacuum system includes vortex pump and the molecular pump of serial connection, molecular pump one end respectively through the vacuum pipeline with liquefaction system, purification system and container system are connected, install the control valve on the vacuum pipeline.
Optionally, the container system comprises an inner container and an outer container, the inner container is fixedly suspended in the outer container, a liquid argon pipe and an argon pipe are connected to the inner container, and the tail ends of the liquid argon pipe and the argon pipe are respectively connected with the liquefaction system; the top of the outer container is provided with an outer container vacuum suction port and an inner container vacuum suction port, one ends of the outer container vacuum suction port and the inner container vacuum suction port are respectively connected with the vacuum system through vacuum pipelines, the other ends of the outer container vacuum suction port are communicated with a space between the outer container and the inner container, and the other ends of the inner container vacuum suction port are communicated with the inner part of the inner container; the top of the outer container is provided with a detector communicated with the inner container; the outer container and the inner container are of tank-shaped structures with openings at the tops, the top of the outer container is fixedly and hermetically connected with an outer tank flange, and the top of the inner container is fixedly and hermetically connected with an inner tank flange; a connecting port is arranged on the outer tank flange in a sealing way, and the liquid argon pipe and the argon pipe are communicated with the inner container through the inner tank flange after passing through the connecting port; the outer container vacuum suction port and the inner container vacuum suction port are fixedly arranged on the outer tank flange, and one end of the inner container vacuum suction port is communicated with the inner part of the inner container after passing through the outer container vacuum suction port and the inner tank flange; the outer tank flange outside is fixed and is provided with the otic placode, the otic placode is used for taking on the support, interior container and outer container pass through outer tank flange and inner tank flange fixed connection, the fixed a plurality of spliced poles that are provided with in inner tank flange top, the spliced pole top with bottom threaded connection in the outer tank flange.
Optionally, the liquefaction system comprises a cold box which is arranged in a sealing way, a skirt is designed at the bottom of the cold box so as to be placed after the disassembly, and the side wall of the cold box is communicated with the vacuum system through a vacuum pipeline; the refrigerator is characterized in that a refrigerator is fixedly arranged at the top of the refrigerator, a refrigerator cold head below the refrigerator is positioned in the refrigerator, one side of the refrigerator cold head is connected with a regenerative heat exchanger, the bottom of the regenerative heat exchanger is connected with an argon pipe, the bottom of the refrigerator cold head is connected with a liquid argon pipe, and the tail ends of the argon pipe and the liquid argon pipe respectively penetrate through the top of the refrigerator and then are connected with a container system; the auxiliary refrigeration device comprises a liquid nitrogen cold head fixedly arranged in the cold box, the liquid nitrogen cold head is communicated with the vacuum system through a vacuum pipeline, the top of the liquid nitrogen cold head penetrates through the cold box and then is connected with a liquid nitrogen Dewar, and one side of the cold head of the refrigerator is connected with the regenerative heat exchanger through the liquid nitrogen cold head; the cold box top is fixedly and hermetically connected with a cold box flange, the liquid nitrogen Dewar and the refrigerator are respectively and fixedly arranged on the cold box flange, the cold box flange is hermetically provided with a connecting port, and the argon pipe and the liquid argon pipe respectively pass through the connecting port and then are communicated with the inside of the cold box; the outer side of the cold box flange is fixedly provided with an ear plate, and the ear plate is used for being arranged on the bracket; and the temperature re-heater, the inlet end and the outlet end of the purifier are respectively connected with the heat re-heating heat exchanger.
Optionally, the bracket comprises an upper bracket and a lower bracket, the cold box and the outer container are suspended on the upper bracket, the bellows pump, the purifier and the molecular pump are fixedly arranged on one side between the upper brackets, the molecular pump is arranged at a height close to the vacuumizing port, the length of a vacuumizing pipeline is shortened, vacuumizing resistance is reduced, and the liquid nitrogen dewar, the argon steel cylinder and the vortex pump are respectively arranged on the lower bracket; because the detector container is heavy and needs to be disassembled and assembled frequently, the cold box and the container system are fixed in a hoisting mode, the hoisting of the outer container is supported by the lug plates, and the container system, the cold box and the corrugated pipe pump are independently grounded; the support mainly uses aluminum alloy section, and the container relies on otic placode and upper bracket connection on the flange, and the connection design between otic placode and the support is detachable form, makes things convenient for the installation of liquid argon Dewar.
Optionally, a lifting device is arranged at one side of the bracket, the lifting device comprises a lifting bracket body which is vertically arranged, a tray is slidably arranged on the lifting bracket body, and a roller is arranged at the bottom of the tray; the tray can bear the cold box or the outer container; the lifting of the inner container, the outer container and the cold box is controlled by the hydraulic lifting platform, and skirt supports are arranged at the bottoms of the inner container, the outer container and the cold box, so that a flat tray is used as a support when the inner container and the outer container are lifted. The bottom of the tray is provided with rollers for assisting the disassembly, assembly and movement of the inner container and the outer container. When the container is lifted, the wheels at the bottom of the tray can be braked and fixed, and the container is moved out from the side surface of the bracket after being lifted to the bottommost part. The inner container can now be removed.
The liquid nitrogen cold head comprises a first cold head condenser and a first liquid argon liquid collector; the first cold head condenser is of a cylindrical structure fixedly arranged at the inner top of the cold box, the first liquid argon liquid collector is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the first cold head condenser, and a first cold head fin is arranged between the first liquid argon liquid collector and the first cold head condenser; the refrigerator cold head comprises a second cold head condenser arranged at the bottom of a cylinder of the refrigerator, a second cold head fin is fixedly and hermetically clamped at the bottom of the second cold head condenser, a second liquid argon liquid collector is fixedly sleeved at the bottom of the second cold head fin, the second cold head condenser is connected with the cylinder of the refrigerator, the top of the first cold head condenser is communicated with the liquid nitrogen Dewar through a liquid nitrogen inlet pipeline, a liquid nitrogen outlet pipeline is communicated with the top of the first cold head condenser, and valves are arranged on the liquid nitrogen inlet pipeline and the liquid nitrogen outlet pipeline; the bottom of the first liquid argon liquid collector is communicated with one side of the second liquid argon liquid collector through a copper pipe, the bottom of the second liquid argon liquid collector is connected with the liquid argon pipe, and one side of the first liquid argon liquid collector is communicated with the heat recovery heat exchanger. The first cold head fin comprises a connecting part fixedly and hermetically connected with the bottom of the first cold head condenser, a plurality of columnar ribs are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the connecting part, the second cold head fin comprises a connecting part fixedly and hermetically connected with the bottom of the second cold head condenser, and a plurality of columnar ribs are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the connecting part; the columnar ribs of the first cold head fin are positioned in the first liquid argon liquid collector, and the columnar ribs of the second cold head fin are positioned in the second liquid argon liquid collector. And a temperature sensor and an electric heating wire are fixedly arranged on the cold head of the refrigerator.
And the outer wall of the inner container is coated with a heat insulating material layer. An adsorbent tray is fixedly arranged at the inner bottom of the outer container, and an adsorbent is placed in the adsorbent tray; an electrostatic grounding plate is arranged on the outer wall below the outer container. Two thermometer holes are formed in the inner tank flange, a thermometer is installed in each thermometer hole in a sealing mode, an electric heating belt is wound on the outer wall of the inner tank, a vacuum electrode mounting flange is arranged on the outer tank flange, and wires of the top of the thermometer and the electric heating belt penetrate through the vacuum electrode mounting flange. The sealing surface between the inner tank flange and the inner container is sealed by metal, and the outer tank flange and the outer container are fixedly sealed by a sealing ring. The outer tank flange is provided with a pressure difference sensor which is communicated with the inner container through a pressure guiding pipe penetrating through the outer tank flange; the inner container is connected with a rupture disk through a pressure relief pipeline penetrating through the outer tank flange, and the rupture disk extends to the outside through the pressure relief pipeline. And a plurality of reserved flanges are arranged on the outer tank flange in a sealing manner.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention adopts closed circulation to recycle the argon, thereby greatly reducing energy loss. The advanced low-temperature refrigerator is adopted as a cold source, is in the top technical level of the low-temperature refrigeration field, and has the remarkable characteristics of high efficiency, compact structure, convenience in control, reliability in operation and the like. And an advanced system low-temperature heat insulation engineering technology is adopted, so that the liquid argon cooling loss is reduced. Professional customized designs are carried out in the aspects of flow calculation, low-temperature pipeline system design, pipeline three-dimensional design, cold loss calculation, heat insulation scheme and the like, so that unnecessary heat leakage loss is reduced as much as possible, and the cold energy requirement is met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a low temperature system of a detector according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a low temperature system of the detector of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the cryogenic system of the detector of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view in partial cross-section of the D-D of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a cryogenic system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a rear view of the cryogenic system of the detector of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a side view of a cryogenic system of the detector of the present invention;
reference numerals illustrate: 1. a bracket; 101. an upper support; 102. a lower support; 2. a container system; 3. a liquefaction system; 4. a purification system; 5. a vacuum system; 6. a detector container; 7. an argon pipe; 8. a liquid argon tube; 9. a vacuum pipeline; 10. a molecular pump; 11. a scroll pump; 12. a re-temperature device; 13. a purifier; 14. a first branch; 15. a second branch; 16. a bellows pump; 17. argon steel cylinder; 18. a connection port; 19. ear plates; 20. a cold box; 21. a regenerative heat exchanger; 22. a heat preservation connecting pipe; 23. a lifting device; 24. liquid nitrogen Dewar.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a low-temperature system of a detector, which solves the problems in the prior art, has good refrigeration effect and can continuously refrigerate, thereby providing a stable low-temperature environment for the detector.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
The invention provides a detector low-temperature system, which is shown in figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, and comprises a container system 2, a liquefying system 3, a purifying system 4 and a vacuum system 5 which are arranged on a bracket 1; the container system 2 comprises a detector container 6 for mounting a detector, the detector container 6 is connected with the liquefaction system 3 through an argon pipe 7 and a liquid argon pipe 8 which are arranged in a sealed heat-insulating mode, the liquefaction system 3 and the container system 2 are respectively connected with a vacuum system 5 through vacuum pipelines 9, the vacuum system 5 can respectively vacuumize the container system 2 and the liquefaction system 3, and the liquefaction system 3 is used for liquefying argon and then conveying the liquefied argon into the detector container 6.
Specifically, the vacuum system 5 comprises a molecular pump 10, a scroll pump 11, a vacuum cavity, a valve and a vacuum pipeline 9, one end of the molecular pump 10 is respectively connected with the liquefaction system 3, the purification system 4 and the container system 2 through the vacuum pipeline 9, and a control valve is arranged on the vacuum pipeline 9. The molecular pump 10 is arranged on the upper part of the bracket 1, the scroll pump 11 is arranged on the ground and connected by a corrugated pipe. The outlet of the molecular pump 10 is connected with a gate valve and a vacuum cavity, and the vacuum cavity is respectively connected with each vacuumizing pipeline 9. In the vacuuming line 9And a corrugated pipe is arranged between the two to perform flexible compensation. The container system 2 employs a high vacuum multi-layer thermal insulation technique to reduce convective heat transfer losses while reducing permeation of ambient gas molecules, and to maintain a high vacuum level between the inner and outer liners. After the detector container 6 and related components are installed according to the design requirement, the vacuum pump is connected with a vacuum pumping port of the container system, and the first-stage vortex pump is started to pump vacuum to the Dewar vacuum insulation layer until the vacuum gauge reads the vacuum gauge<100Pa. Then the second-stage molecular pump is started, and the vacuum pumping of the Dewar insulation layer is continued until the reading of the vacuum gauge reaches 10 -4 Pa. In the system start-up stage, in order to ensure the purity of argon in the system, the vacuum system 5 needs to be started to evacuate air in the system to a vacuum state, argon is filled in, and then the system is evacuated. After repeated times, the aim of replacing the air in the system with the argon with higher purity is achieved.
The purification system 4 comprises a re-heater 12 and a purifier 13 which are connected in series through pipelines, a first branch 14 and a second branch 15 are arranged between the re-heater 12 and the purifier 13 in parallel, control valves are arranged on the first branch 14 and the second branch 15, a bellows pump 16 is arranged on the first branch 14, a pipeline surface thermometer and a temperature display are additionally arranged on an inlet pipeline of the bellows pump 16, the temperature of argon entering the bellows is prevented from being too low, the bellows pump 16 is prevented from being damaged, the re-heater 12, an inlet end and an outlet end of the purifier 13 are respectively connected with the liquefaction system 3, an inlet end of the purifier 13 is connected with an argon steel bottle 17 through pipelines, a control valve is arranged on the pipeline connected with the argon steel bottle 17, and a control valve is respectively arranged at the inlet end and the outlet end of the purifier 13. Argon from an argon steel cylinder 17 or low-temperature argon evaporated from a container is heated by a regenerative heat exchanger and is pressurized by a bellows pump 16, and then is processed by a purifier 13 to obtain high-purity argon, and the high-purity argon enters a liquefaction system 3. All the pipelines are connected by connectors, and the valves are diaphragm valves, so that the tightness is good.
The container system 2 comprises a detector container 6, the detector container 6 comprises an inner container and an outer container, the inner container is fixedly suspended in the outer container, a liquid argon pipe 8 and an argon pipe 7 are connected to the inner container, and the tail ends of the liquid argon pipe 8 and the argon pipe 7 are respectively connected with the liquefying system 3; the top of the outer container is provided with an outer container vacuum suction port and an inner container vacuum suction port, one ends of the outer container vacuum suction port and the inner container vacuum suction port are respectively connected with a vacuum system through a vacuum pipeline 9, the other ends of the outer container vacuum suction port are communicated with a space between the outer container and the inner container, and the other ends of the inner container vacuum suction port are communicated with the inner part of the inner container; the top of the outer container is provided with a detector communicated with the inner container; the top of the outer container is fixedly and hermetically connected with an outer tank flange, and the top of the inner container is fixedly and hermetically connected with an inner tank flange; the outer tank flange is provided with a connecting port 18 in a sealing way, and the liquid argon pipe 8 and the argon pipe 7 pass through the connecting port 18 and then are communicated with the inner container through the inner tank flange; the outer container vacuum suction port and the inner container vacuum suction port are fixedly arranged on the outer tank flange, and one end of the inner container vacuum suction port passes through the outer container vacuum suction port and the inner tank flange and then is communicated with the inner part of the inner container; the outer tank flange outside is fixed and is provided with otic placode 19, and otic placode 19 is used for taking on support 1, and inner container and outer container pass through outer tank flange and inner tank flange fixed connection, and inner tank flange top is fixed to be provided with a plurality of spliced poles, spliced pole top and outer tank flange inner bottom threaded connection.
The liquefying system 3 comprises a cold box 20 which is arranged in a sealing way, and the side wall of the cold box 20 is communicated with a vacuum system 5 through a vacuum pipeline 9; the top of the cold box 20 is fixedly provided with a refrigerator, a refrigerator cold head below the refrigerator is positioned in the cold box 20, one side of the refrigerator cold head is connected with a regenerative heat exchanger 21, the bottom of the regenerative heat exchanger 21 is connected with an argon pipe 7, the bottom of the refrigerator cold head is connected with a liquid argon pipe 8, and the tail ends of the argon pipe 7 and the liquid argon pipe 8 respectively penetrate through the top of the cold box 20 and then are connected with a container system 2; the liquefaction system further comprises an auxiliary refrigeration device, the auxiliary refrigeration device comprises a liquid nitrogen cold head fixedly arranged in the cold box 20, the liquid nitrogen cold head is communicated with the vacuum system 5 through a vacuum pipeline 9, the top of the liquid nitrogen cold head penetrates through the cold box 20 and then is connected with a liquid nitrogen Dewar 24, and one side of the refrigerator cold head is connected with a heat recovery heat exchanger 21 through the liquid nitrogen cold head; the top of the cold box 20 is fixedly and hermetically connected with a cold box flange, a liquid nitrogen Dewar 24 is arranged on the bracket, a refrigerator is fixedly arranged on the cold box flange, a connecting port 18 is hermetically arranged on the cold box flange, an argon pipe 7 and a liquid argon pipe 8 respectively penetrate through the connecting port 18 and then are communicated with the inside of the cold box 20, the connecting port 18 of the outer tank flange and the connecting port 18 of the cold box flange are fixedly connected through a sealed heat-preserving connecting pipe 22, so that the argon pipe 7 and the liquid argon pipe 8 can be wrapped, the argon pipe 7 and the liquid argon pipe 8 are prevented from being exposed to the outside to generate heat exchange, and the efficiency in the liquid argon conveying process is improved; the outer side of the cold box flange is fixedly provided with an ear plate 19, and the ear plate 19 is used for being arranged on the bracket 1; the temperature re-heater 12 and the inlet end and the outlet end of the purifier 13 are respectively connected with a heat re-heating heat exchanger 21; the platinum resistance temperature sensor, the cylindrical heater and the temperature control device are arranged on the liquid nitrogen cold head and the refrigerator cold head, so that liquid argon solidification caused by too low refrigeration temperature is prevented. The temperature of the detector container system is monitored, and the response time of a control scheme for adjusting the heater is long. The temperature control system is arranged on the cold head, so that the temperature of the liquid argon flowing out of the liquefaction system can be controlled, the temperature is controlled to be a certain value, and the temperature of the liquid argon entering the detector container system is ensured to be constant. In the regenerative heat exchanger 21, the high purity argon gas is cooled by the argon gas vaporized by the container system, and a part of the cold energy of the vaporized argon gas is recovered, and the cooled high purity argon gas passes through a refrigerator cold head condenser, and the argon gas is liquefied and supercooled to 84K on the cold head condenser. The refrigerator cold head is arranged in the cold box. The temperature sensor and the electric heating wire are arranged on the cold head of the refrigerator, the temperature stability of the cold head is ensured through the temperature controller, and the solidification and condensation of liquid argon are prevented. In order to improve the reliability of the system, the liquid nitrogen liquefying cold head and the refrigerator are connected in series as a standby scheme in the liquefying system, and the liquid nitrogen liquefying cold head is used when the cold quantity is insufficient or the refrigerator fails. The liquid nitrogen cold head, the refrigerator cold head and the backheating heat exchanger are all arranged in the argon liquefaction cold box. When the scheme of liquid nitrogen cooling is adopted, the argon gas from the backheating heat exchanger exchanges heat with the liquid nitrogen provided by the liquid nitrogen Dewar, the temperature of the argon gas in the liquid nitrogen cold head condenser is reduced to be below the liquefaction point, and the liquid argon flows into the detector low-temperature container system. When the liquid nitrogen cold head is not used, the liquid nitrogen in the cold head is emptied, and vacuum is pumped to reduce the cold energy loss generated by convection heat transfer.
The bracket 1 comprises an upper bracket 101 and a lower bracket 102, wherein an outer container of the cold box 20 and the container system is suspended on the upper bracket 101, a bellows pump 16, a purifier 13 and a molecular pump 10 are fixedly arranged on one side of the upper bracket 101, and a liquid nitrogen Dewar, an argon steel cylinder 17 and a vortex pump 11 are respectively arranged on the lower bracket 102. A lifting device 23 is arranged on one side of the bracket 1, the lifting device 23 comprises a lifting frame body which is vertically arranged, a tray is slidably arranged on the lifting frame body, and a roller is arranged at the bottom of the tray; the tray can carry a cold box or an outer container.
When the system is in operation, before the system is started, the tank body and the pipeline are in a state of being full of air at normal temperature, so that the system needs to be replaced and precooled. When the system is started, the purity of argon and liquid argon in the system does not reach the working requirement of the detector, and the cyclic purification is needed.
To ensure the purity of the argon in the system, the air in the system needs to be replaced before the system is pre-cooled. And vacuumizing the system, closing a valve of a vacuum pump after the vacuum degree reaches a certain requirement, filling argon with a certain pressure into the system, closing the valve, vacuumizing again, filling argon again, vacuumizing again, and repeating for several times until the argon content in the system reaches the requirement of a purifier.
In the pre-cooling stage, the low-temperature part of the system is cooled to a liquid argon temperature region, mainly the pre-cooling of the detector container 6, and the pre-cooling of the system before starting can be realized by adopting a mode of simultaneously starting a refrigerator and a liquid nitrogen liquefying system so as to shorten the pre-cooling time. The temperature of the normal-temperature argon is reduced through the liquefying system, the temperature of the absorbed heat in the detector container system is increased, the absorbed heat enters the regenerative heat exchanger 21 for regenerative heat, the absorbed heat is pressurized by the bellows pump 16 and enters the purifier 13 for purification, and the absorbed heat enters the liquefying system 3 again. After being liquefied by the liquefying system 3, the liquid enters the detector container system to absorb heat, then enters the regenerative heat exchanger 21 to regenerate heat, and is pressurized by the bellows pump 16. This process is repeated in a continuous cycle until liquid argon starts to be produced, and the pre-cooling process before starting is ended.
During liquefaction, the temperature of the system decreases and after the liquid has appeared in the inner container of the container system 2, the pressure of the system decreases. At this time, an argon steel cylinder is opened to supplement argon into the system, and the supplemented argon is purified by a purification system 4, cooled and liquefied by a liquefying system 3 and then enters into an inner container of a detector container system. The liquid argon in the inner vessel of the detector vessel system is continuously accumulated and eventually reaches a certain level, at which point the liquefaction process is ended.
In the purification process, heating liquid argon is evaporated, cold energy is recovered, and then the heating liquid argon enters a purifier to be purified, and is liquefied by a liquefying system, and the purification, the liquefying, the gasifying and the purifying are performed in a circulating mode in consideration of the limited capacity of the system. In order to increase the evaporation of liquid argon to increase the circulation flow of argon during purification, the inner vessel of the detector vessel system needs to be heated. The invention sets a winding electric heater on the outer wall of the inner container to accelerate the gasification rate of liquid argon in the inner container, and heats the liquid argon by a heating belt to generate argon steam, and at the same time, starts the liquefying system to liquefy argon. The cycle is repeated several times, and the argon in the system is gradually purified. After a certain time of circulation, the purity of the argon and the liquid argon reach the requirement, and the system enters a normal operation state.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A cryogenic detector system, characterized by: comprises a container system, a liquefying system and a vacuum system which are arranged on a bracket; the container system comprises a detector container for installing a detector, the detector container is connected with the liquefaction system through an argon pipe and a liquid argon pipe which are arranged in a sealing and heat-preserving mode, the liquefaction system and the container system are respectively connected with the vacuum system through vacuum pipelines, the vacuum system can respectively vacuumize the container system and the liquefaction system, and the liquefaction system is used for liquefying argon and then conveying the liquefied argon into the detector container.
2. The detector cryogenic system of claim 1, wherein: the purification system comprises a temperature re-setting device and a purifier which are connected in series through a pipeline, a first branch and a second branch are arranged between the temperature re-setting device and the purifier in parallel, control valves are arranged on the first branch and the second branch, a bellows pump is arranged on the first branch, the temperature re-setting device, an inlet end and an outlet end of the purifier are respectively connected with the liquefaction system, the inlet end of the purifier is connected with an argon steel cylinder through a pipeline, the control valves are arranged on the pipeline connected with the argon steel cylinder, and the inlet end and the outlet end of the purifier are respectively provided with a control valve.
3. The detector cryogenic system of claim 2, wherein: the vacuum system comprises a vortex pump and a molecular pump which are connected in series, one end of the molecular pump is connected with the liquefaction system, the purification system and the container system through vacuum pipelines respectively, and a control valve is arranged on the vacuum pipelines.
4. A detector cryogenic system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the container system comprises an inner container and an outer container, wherein the inner container is fixedly suspended in the outer container, a liquid argon pipe and an argon pipe are connected to the inner container, and the tail ends of the liquid argon pipe and the argon pipe are respectively connected with a liquefying system; the top of the outer container is provided with an outer container vacuum suction port and an inner container vacuum suction port, one ends of the outer container vacuum suction port and the inner container vacuum suction port are respectively connected with the vacuum system through vacuum pipelines, the other ends of the outer container vacuum suction port are communicated with a space between the outer container and the inner container, and the other ends of the inner container vacuum suction port are communicated with the inner part of the inner container; the top of the outer container is provided with a detector communicated with the inner container; the outer container and the inner container are of tank-shaped structures with openings at the tops, the top of the outer container is fixedly and hermetically connected with an outer tank flange, and the top of the inner container is fixedly and hermetically connected with an inner tank flange; a connecting port is arranged on the outer tank flange in a sealing way, and the liquid argon pipe and the argon pipe are communicated with the inner container through the inner tank flange after passing through the connecting port; the outer container vacuum suction port and the inner container vacuum suction port are fixedly arranged on the outer tank flange, and one end of the inner container vacuum suction port is communicated with the inner part of the inner container after passing through the outer container vacuum suction port and the inner tank flange; the outer tank flange outside is fixed and is provided with the otic placode, the otic placode is used for taking on the support, interior container and outer container pass through outer tank flange and inner tank flange fixed connection, the fixed a plurality of spliced poles that are provided with in inner tank flange top, the spliced pole top with bottom threaded connection in the outer tank flange.
5. The detector cryogenic system of claim 4, wherein: the liquefying system comprises a cold box which is arranged in a sealing way, and the side wall of the cold box is communicated with the vacuum system through a vacuum pipeline; the refrigerator is characterized in that a refrigerator is fixedly arranged at the top of the refrigerator, a refrigerator cold head below the refrigerator is positioned in the refrigerator, one side of the refrigerator cold head is connected with a regenerative heat exchanger, the bottom of the regenerative heat exchanger is connected with an argon pipe, the bottom of the refrigerator cold head is connected with a liquid argon pipe, and the tail ends of the argon pipe and the liquid argon pipe respectively penetrate through the top of the refrigerator and then are connected with a container system; the auxiliary refrigeration device comprises a liquid nitrogen cold head fixedly arranged in the cold box, the liquid nitrogen cold head is communicated with the vacuum system through a vacuum pipeline, the top of the liquid nitrogen cold head penetrates through the cold box and then is connected with a liquid nitrogen Dewar, and one side of the cold head of the refrigerator is connected with the regenerative heat exchanger through the liquid nitrogen cold head; the cold box top is fixedly and hermetically connected with a cold box flange, the liquid nitrogen Dewar and the refrigerator are respectively and fixedly arranged on the cold box flange, the cold box flange is hermetically provided with a connecting port, and the argon pipe and the liquid argon pipe respectively pass through the connecting port and then are communicated with the inside of the cold box; the outer side of the cold box flange is fixedly provided with an ear plate, and the ear plate is used for being arranged on the bracket; and the temperature re-heater, the inlet end and the outlet end of the purifier are respectively connected with the heat re-heating heat exchanger.
6. The detector cryogenic system of claim 5, wherein: the support includes upper bracket and lower floor's support, cold box and outer container suspend in midair and locate on the upper bracket, bellows pump, purifier and molecular pump fixed set up in one side between the upper strata, liquid nitrogen Dewar, argon gas steel bottle and scroll pump set up respectively in on the lower floor's support.
7. The detector cryogenic system of claim 6, wherein: the lifting device is arranged on one side of the bracket and comprises a lifting frame body which is vertically arranged, a tray is slidably arranged on the lifting frame body, and rollers are arranged at the bottom of the tray; the tray can carry the cold box or the outer container.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310142467.9A CN116171016A (en) | 2023-02-08 | 2023-02-08 | Detector low temperature system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310142467.9A CN116171016A (en) | 2023-02-08 | 2023-02-08 | Detector low temperature system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115388615A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-11-25 | 北京师范大学 | Argon liquefaction system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115388615A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-11-25 | 北京师范大学 | Argon liquefaction system |
| CN115388615B (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2023-11-24 | 北京师范大学 | Argon liquefaction system |
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