CN113702135B - Sample preparation device - Google Patents
Sample preparation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113702135B CN113702135B CN202111088833.4A CN202111088833A CN113702135B CN 113702135 B CN113702135 B CN 113702135B CN 202111088833 A CN202111088833 A CN 202111088833A CN 113702135 B CN113702135 B CN 113702135B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 171
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000208734 Pisonia aculeata Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005464 sample preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sample preparation device, which is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a base, a horizontal sliding mechanism, a vertical sliding mechanism, a first sample clamping mechanism and a second sample clamping mechanism, wherein the horizontal sliding mechanism and the vertical sliding mechanism are arranged on the base; the first sample clamping mechanism is arranged on the horizontal sliding mechanism, and the horizontal sliding mechanism is used for driving the first sample clamping mechanism to move in the horizontal direction; the second sample clamping mechanism is arranged on the vertical sliding mechanism, and the vertical sliding mechanism is used for driving the second sample clamping mechanism to move in the vertical direction; the first sample clamping mechanism and the second sample clamping mechanism are used for clamping the sample in the horizontal direction. The invention is applicable to the preparation of tensile shear and tensile sample pieces, solves the problem of the mounting and positioning reference of sample piece base materials, and can position with high precision during sample preparation; the bonding size can be flexibly adjusted according to requirements, so that the size control of the glue line in a large range can be realized, and the high-precision size of sample piece manufacturing is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sample preparation device for an adhesion test, and belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of tensile sample pieces/tensile shear sample pieces.
Background
Early sample preparation frock is fixed system appearance frock to drawing of cutting sample, and the main problem that exists is: the lap joint size cannot be adjusted, the universality is lacking, and the straightness of the sample cannot be ensured; the lack of a fixing mechanism is easy to shift or pull back the sample in the adhesive curing process; the sample is easy to shift during the peripheral scraping; the accuracy of the bonding dimension is not high.
The adjustable sample piece frock of later stage modified, bonding size can be adjusted, has increased clamping and fixing mechanism. But also has the following drawbacks: the method is influenced by the thickness dimension error of the sample base material, and the condition that the sample cannot be compacted exists when two adjacent samples are compacted; the fixture is clamped at the end part of the sample base material, and the front end bonding size is affected by the deformation of the sample and the fixture, the high-viscosity adhesive and other factors, so that the precision is poor; the bases of the two clamping sample pieces cannot move in parallel without a positioning reference, the size adjustment is inflexible, and the measurement is inconvenient; the manufacturing errors of the sample receiving piece base material and the tool and the base spacing errors are accumulated, and the actual overlap joint length is different from the theoretical value; the thickness of the adhesive layer is affected by the thickness of the sample piece and the tolerance of the tooling, and a larger error exists in the actual overlap joint adhesive layer thickness.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the precision and simultaneously adapt to the preparation of a tensile sample piece and a tensile sample piece, the invention provides a sample preparation device and a sample preparation method.
A sample preparation device, comprising: the device comprises a base, a horizontal sliding mechanism, a vertical sliding mechanism, a first sample clamping mechanism and a second sample clamping mechanism, wherein the horizontal sliding mechanism and the vertical sliding mechanism are arranged on the base; the first sample clamping mechanism is arranged on the horizontal sliding mechanism, and the horizontal sliding mechanism is used for driving the first sample clamping mechanism to move in the horizontal direction; the second sample clamping mechanism is arranged on the vertical sliding mechanism, and the vertical sliding mechanism is used for driving the second sample clamping mechanism to move in the vertical direction; the first sample clamping mechanism and the second sample clamping mechanism are used for clamping the sample in the horizontal direction.
By adopting the technical scheme, the first sample clamping mechanism can accurately move in the horizontal direction, the second sample clamping mechanism can accurately move in the vertical direction, and when sample substrates are clamped on the first sample clamping mechanism and the second sample clamping mechanism, the horizontal distance and the vertical distance between the two sample substrates can be adjusted by utilizing the horizontal sliding mechanism and the vertical sliding mechanism, so that the sample substrate clamping device can be simultaneously applied to high-precision preparation of pulling and shearing samples and pulling samples.
Further, the horizontal sliding mechanism comprises a first screw rod mechanism and a first guide rail, a first screw rod of the first screw rod mechanism is arranged in parallel with the first guide rail, and the first sample clamping mechanism is detachably connected with a first screw rod sliding block of the first screw rod mechanism and a first sliding block on the first guide rail at the same time. The position of the first sample holding mechanism in the horizontal direction can be accurately adjusted by using the first screw mechanism and the first guide rail. Preferably, a first locking handle for locking the first sliding block on the first guide rail is arranged on the first sliding block; the first guide rail is provided with a first positioning block in a sliding mode, the first positioning block is closer to the vertical sliding mechanism relative to the first sliding block, and the first positioning block is provided with a first locking bolt used for locking the first positioning block. The first locking handle may be a quick release screw.
Further, the vertical sliding mechanism comprises a second screw rod mechanism and a second guide rail, the screw rod of the second screw rod mechanism is parallel to the second guide rail, and the second sample clamping mechanism is detachably connected with a second screw rod sliding block of the second screw rod mechanism and a second sliding block on the second guide rail. The position of the second sample clamping mechanism in the vertical direction can be accurately adjusted by using the second screw rod mechanism and the second guide rail. Preferably, a second locking handle for locking the second slider on the second guide rail is arranged on the second slider; the second guide rail is provided with a second positioning block in a sliding mode, the second positioning block is located below the second sliding block, and the second positioning block is provided with a second locking bolt used for locking the second positioning block.
Further, the first sample clamping mechanism comprises a horizontal positioning transverse plate and a first pressing plate, the first pressing plate is detachably fixed on the horizontal positioning transverse plate through a fastener, and the sample is clamped between the horizontal positioning transverse plate and the first pressing plate; the second sample clamping mechanism comprises a vertical positioning transverse plate and a second pressing plate, the second pressing plate is detachably fixed on the vertical positioning transverse plate through a fastener, and the sample is clamped between the vertical positioning transverse plate and the second pressing plate. Preferably, the horizontal positioning cross plate and the vertical positioning cross plate are provided with grooves for positioning the sample.
Further, the horizontal positioning transverse plate is provided with a first dial indicator, and the second guide rail is provided with a second dial indicator.
Further, when the sample preparation device is used for preparing a sample pulling and shearing piece, the horizontal positioning transverse plate faces to the end face of the vertical positioning transverse plate, a sample pulling and shearing piece blocking rubber block is arranged on the end face of the vertical positioning transverse plate, the vertical positioning transverse plate faces to the end face of the horizontal positioning transverse plate, the outer end face of the sample pulling and shearing piece blocking rubber block is a plane, and the height of the sample pulling and shearing piece blocking rubber block is larger than the thickness of the adhesive layer.
Further, when the sample preparation device is used for preparing a tensile sample, the vertical positioning transverse plate faces to the end face of the horizontal positioning transverse plate, a tensile sample retaining block is arranged on the end face of the horizontal positioning transverse plate, and the tensile sample retaining block comprises a vertical plate and a horizontal plate, wherein the vertical plate is used for being positioned on the vertical positioning transverse plate, and the horizontal plate is used for receiving the sample. Preferably, the stretching sample piece glue blocking block is further provided with a vertical plate for blocking glue, the vertical plate is perpendicular to the horizontal plate and the vertical plate at the same time, and a gap is formed between the vertical plate and the horizontal plate.
Further, the horizontal sliding mechanism further comprises a first bidirectional ratchet mechanism, the first bidirectional ratchet mechanism is provided with a first direction pulling piece, the first bidirectional ratchet mechanism is used for limiting the first screw rod of the first screw rod mechanism to rotate only in one direction, and the first direction pulling piece is used for changing the rotation direction of the first screw rod. The first screw rod is limited to rotate only in one direction by adopting the first bidirectional ratchet mechanism, and after the first direction poking piece is poked, the first screw rod can only rotate in the opposite direction, so that the problems that displacement, pull-back and the like are easily caused by external force in the adhesive curing process are solved. Correspondingly, the vertical sliding mechanism further comprises a second bidirectional ratchet mechanism, the second bidirectional ratchet mechanism is provided with a second direction poking piece, the second bidirectional ratchet mechanism is used for limiting the second screw rod of the second screw rod mechanism to rotate in one direction only, and the second direction poking piece is used for changing the rotation direction of the second screw rod.
The invention is applicable to the preparation of tensile shear and tensile sample pieces, solves the problem of the mounting and positioning reference of sample piece base materials, and can position with high precision during sample preparation; the bonding size can be flexibly adjusted according to requirements, so that the size control of the glue line in a large range can be realized, and the high-precision size of sample piece manufacturing is ensured. The invention solves the problems that the adhesive is easy to be influenced by external force to generate displacement, pull back and the like in the curing process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic of a sample preparation device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a base;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a horizontal sliding mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a vertical slide mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a pull shear sample;
FIG. 6 is a schematic drawing of a pull shear sample preparation (for thin materials);
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a pull shear sample preparation (for thick materials);
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a tensile sample;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of a stretch sample preparation;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a horizontally oriented cross plate;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a tensile specimen glue stop.
In the figure: 1-base, 11-base, 12-upright, 2-horizontal sliding mechanism, 21-circular handle, 22-first bi-directional ratchet mechanism, 221-first direction paddle, 23-first ball screw seat, 24-first screw slide, 25-first screw, 26-first end seat, 27-first guide rail, 271-stop, 28-first positioning block, 281-first locking bolt, 29-first slide, 291-first locking handle, 3-vertical sliding mechanism, 31-second bi-directional ratchet mechanism, 311-second direction paddle, 32-second ball screw seat, 33-second screw, 34-second screw slide, the device comprises the following components of a 35-second end seat, a 36-second guide rail, a 37-second sliding block, 371-second locking handle, 38-second positioning block, 381-second locking bolt, 39-second dial indicator fixing seat, 4.1-first sample clamping mechanism, 4.2-second sample clamping mechanism, 41-horizontal positioning transverse plate, 411-first dial indicator fixing seat, 42-pull-shear sample blocking rubber block, 43-connecting plate, 44-vertical positioning transverse plate, 45.1-first pressing plate, 45.2-second pressing plate, 46-tension sample blocking rubber block, 46.1-vertical plate, 46.2-horizontal plate, 461-vertical plate, 462-gap, 5-sample and 6-dial indicator.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-4, a sample preparation device comprising: the device comprises a base 1, a horizontal sliding mechanism 2, a vertical sliding mechanism 3, a first sample clamping mechanism 4.1 and a second sample clamping mechanism 4.2, wherein the horizontal sliding mechanism 2 and the vertical sliding mechanism 3 are arranged on the base 1; the first sample clamping mechanism 4.1 is arranged on the horizontal sliding mechanism 2, and the horizontal sliding mechanism 2 is used for driving the first sample clamping mechanism 4.1 to move in the horizontal direction; the second sample clamping mechanism 4.2 is arranged on the vertical sliding mechanism 3, and the vertical sliding mechanism 3 is used for driving the second sample clamping mechanism 4.2 to move in the vertical direction; the first sample clamping mechanism 4.1 and the second sample clamping mechanism 4.2 are used for clamping the sample 5 in the horizontal direction.
The base 1 comprises a base 11 and two upright posts 12, the horizontal sliding mechanism 2 is arranged on the base 11, and the vertical sliding mechanism 3 is arranged on the upright posts 12.
The horizontal sliding mechanism 2 includes a first screw mechanism and a first guide rail 27; the first screw rod mechanism comprises a circular handle 21, a first bidirectional ratchet mechanism 22, a first ball screw seat 23, a first screw rod sliding block 24, a first screw rod 25 and a first end seat 26, wherein the first screw rod 25 is rotatably arranged on the base 1 through the first ball screw seat 23 and the first end seat 26, the first screw rod sliding block 24 is matched with the first screw rod 25, and when the first screw rod 25 rotates, the first screw rod sliding block 24 can move along the extending direction of the first screw rod 25; the first bidirectional ratchet mechanism 22 has a first direction dial 221, the first bidirectional ratchet mechanism 22 is used for limiting the screw 25 of the first screw mechanism to rotate only in one direction, and the first direction dial 221 is used for changing the rotation direction of the first screw 25. The first screw rod 25 of the first screw rod mechanism is arranged in parallel with the first guide rail 27, the first guide rail 27 is fixedly arranged on the base 1, a stop 271, a first positioning block 28 and a first sliding block 29 are arranged on the first guide rail 27, the stop 271 is used for limiting the limit position of the first sliding block 29, the first positioning block 28 is closer to the vertical sliding mechanism 3 relative to the first sliding block 29, and a first locking bolt 281 used for locking the first positioning block 28 is arranged on the first positioning block 28. The first specimen-holding mechanism 4.1 is detachably connected both to the first spindle slide 24 of the first spindle mechanism and to the first slide 29 on the first guide rail 27. The first slider 29 is provided with a first locking handle 291 for locking the first slider 29 to the first rail 27. Correspondingly, the vertical sliding mechanism 3 also has the same structure as the horizontal sliding mechanism 2, except that the arrangement direction of the screw is the vertical direction, and the vertical sliding mechanism 3 includes a second screw mechanism and a second guide rail 36; the second screw mechanism comprises a second bidirectional ratchet mechanism 31, a second ball screw seat 32, a second screw rod sliding block 34, a second screw rod 33 and a second end seat 35, a second positioning block 38 and a second sliding block 37 are arranged on a second guide rail 36, the second positioning block 38 is located below the second sliding block 37, a second locking bolt 381 is arranged on the second positioning block 38, and a second locking handle 371 is arranged on the second sliding block 37.
The first sample clamping mechanism 4.1 comprises a horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 and a first pressing plate 45.1, the first pressing plate 45.1 is detachably fixed on the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 through a fastener (bolt), and a sample 5 is clamped between the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 and the first pressing plate 45.1; the second sample clamping mechanism 4.2 comprises a vertical positioning transverse plate 44 and a second pressing plate 45.2, the second pressing plate 45.2 is detachably fixed on the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 through a fastener, the sample 5 is clamped between the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 and the second pressing plate 45.2, and the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 is fixed on the second sliding block 37 and the second screw sliding block 34 of the vertical sliding mechanism 3 through a connecting plate 43.
The horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 is provided with a dial indicator 6 through a first dial indicator fixing seat 411, and the second guide rail 36 is also provided with the dial indicator 6 through a second dial indicator fixing seat 39.
The manufacturing method and the process flow of the elastic rubber-drawn shear sample are as follows (shown in figures 5-7).
1) Controlling the temperature and humidity of the sample preparation environment, wherein the temperature is preferably 15-30 ℃, optimally 23 ℃, and the humidity is preferably 30-70%, optimally 50%;
2) Cleaning the pull shear Bao Yangjian base material (sample 5), and pasting masking tape on the non-to-be-bonded surface, wherein the yellow plastic tape is preferred;
3) Measuring the lap joint length size on the pull-shear thin sample piece substrate by using a vernier caliper, marking an adhesion area on an adhesion surface by scribing, and preferentially selecting the lap joint length size to be 12.5mm;
4) The non-woven fabric dip-in cleaning agent is used for cleaning the to-be-bonded area of the base material 51 of the pull shear Bao Yangjian until no stain exists on the surface of the non-woven fabric;
5) Polishing the bonding area by using sand paper, wherein the polishing sand paper is preferably 80-240 meshes, more preferably 120 meshes;
6) Cleaning a sample substrate by using a non-woven fabric dipping cleaning agent, and airing for 10 minutes after cleaning;
7) Activating the area to be bonded of the sample base material by using a non-woven fabric dipping activator, cleaning and airing for 10min;
8) Brushing a base coat on a region to be bonded of a sample piece substrate by using a sponge brush to dip the base coat, wherein the coating is thin and is fully distributed on the surface to be bonded, airing for 10min after the base coat, performing all cleaning, activating and base coat operations in one direction, and avoiding pollution to the region to be bonded after finishing surface treatment, wherein the surface treatment region is 3mm-5mm longer than the lap joint length;
9) The sample clamping surface of the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 is downwards installed, a sample pulling and cutting block rubber 42 is installed on the end surface of the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 facing the vertical positioning transverse plate 44, and a sample pulling and cutting block rubber 42 is also installed on the end surface of the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 facing the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41;
10 Releasing the first locking handle 291 of the horizontal sliding mechanism 2 and the second locking handle 371 of the vertical sliding mechanism 3, releasing the locking bolts 281, 381 of the two positioning blocks 28, 38, shifting the direction shifting sheets 221, 311 of the two bidirectional ratchet mechanisms 22, 31 to an advanced position, rotating the circular handle 21 to move the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 and the vertical positioning transverse plate 44, tightly attaching the two sample-pulling piece glue blocking blocks 42, and then tightly screwing the locking handles 291, 371;
11 Zeroing the dial indicator 6 on the horizontal positioning cross plate 41;
12 Releasing the first locking handle 291, pulling the direction pulling piece 221 of the first bidirectional ratchet mechanism 22 to the retreating position, rotating the circular handle 21 to move the horizontal positioning cross plate 41, and tightening the first locking handle 291 after reaching the specified overlap length position by observing the dial indicator 6;
13 Moving the first positioning block 28 against the first slider 29 and tightening the first locking bolt 281;
14 Placing the two sample pieces 5 into the grooves of the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 and the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 respectively, placing the bonding surfaces opposite to each other, tightly attaching the edges, clamping the sample pieces by using the pressing plate, tightly pushing the front end of the sample piece 5 to pull the sample piece blocking rubber block 42, and screwing the fixing bolts of the first pressing plate 45.1 and the second pressing plate 45.2;
15 The height of the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 is adjusted through the second screw rod 33, so that the bonding surfaces of the two sample pieces 5 are tightly adhered, and the second locking handle 371 is screwed;
16 The dial indicator 6 in the vertical direction is fastened on the second dial indicator fixing seat 39, the dial indicator is reset to zero, the second locking handle 371 is loosened, the second direction pulling piece 311 of the second bidirectional ratchet mechanism 31 is pulled to a retreating position, the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 is moved, after the dial indicator 6 is observed to reach the specified adhesive layer thickness, the second locking handle 371 is screwed, the elastic adhesive layer thickness is preferably 2mm-10mm, more preferably 4mm-8mm, and the high-strength structural adhesive layer thickness is preferably 0.1mm-1mm, more preferably 0.2mm-0.4mm;
17 Moving the second positioning block 38 against the second slider 37 and tightening the second lock bolt 381;
18 Releasing the two locking handles 291, 371, moving the horizontal positioning cross plate 41 backward by a distance of 2 times the overlap length and the vertical positioning cross plate 44 upward by a distance of 3 times the adhesive layer thickness;
19 Sizing: firstly, glue is applied in a trial mode, the size of a glue nozzle is pre-cut according to the width of a base material, one side of the glue nozzle is cut into a triangle, the bottom width of the injected glue strip is the same as the width of a sample piece, the glue strip is triangular, the glue injection height H= (2.2-2.5) H (the thickness of a glue layer) is adopted, stability of the glue injection speed and continuity of glue injection are controlled, the glue gun is perpendicular to a bonding surface, and glue is applied on the sample piece 5 after the glue gun is qualified;
20 The direction pulling sheets 221 and 311 are pulled to the forward direction, the round handle 21 is rotated to observe the dial indicator 6, the first sliding block 29 in the horizontal direction is moved to a position approximately 2mm away from the first positioning block 28 to stop, the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 is moved downwards, and the second locking handle 371 is screwed after the dial indicator 6 in the vertical direction reaches the thickness of the adhesive layer;
21 Slowly moving the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41, and locking the first locking handle 291 after the dial indicator 6 reaches the overlap length dimension;
22 Adhering breathable films on the two outer sides of the overlapping area of the sample piece, then pressing the glue on the two sides by using a flat plate, and flattening the glue;
23 The operation time from the beginning of the glue injection to the completion of all the bonding work is completed in the adhesive;
24 According to the curing rate of the adhesive, the curing time of the adhesive is calculated, the first pressing plate 45.1 and the second pressing plate 45.2 are loosened after the adhesive is cured, the sample piece 5 is taken out, the masking tape is torn off, the overflowing glue at the two side edges is trimmed, and the curing time is preferably 7d.
The method and process for manufacturing the butt-joint stretching sample are as follows (as shown in fig. 8-11).
1) Controlling the temperature and humidity of the sample preparation environment, wherein the temperature is preferably 15-30 ℃, optimally 23 ℃, and the humidity is preferably 30-70%, optimally 50%;
2) Cleaning a butt-joint stretching sample piece substrate (sample piece 5), and attaching a masking tape, preferably a yellow plastic tape, to a non-bonding area;
3) The surface treatment is strictly carried out on the area to be bonded according to the process flow, and the preferred surface treatment method comprises cleaning, polishing, cleaning, activating and priming, wherein all the cleaning, activating and priming operations are carried out towards one direction;
4) Mounting a sample clamping surface of the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 upwards, mounting a stretching sample retaining block 46 on the end surface of the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 facing the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41, and clamping and fixing the bonding surfaces of the two stretching samples 5 relatively; the pull shear sample glue block 46 comprises a vertical plate 46.1 for positioning on the vertical positioning transverse plate 44, a horizontal plate 46.2 for receiving the sample and a vertical plate 461 for blocking glue, wherein the vertical plate 461 is perpendicular to the horizontal plate 46.2 and the vertical plate 46.1 at the same time, and a gap 462 is arranged between the vertical plate 461 and the horizontal plate 46.2.
5) Moving the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 and the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 to align the two sample pieces 5, tightly adhering the bonding surfaces, then screwing the locking handles 291 and 371, and fixing the second positioning block 38;
6) The dial indicator 6 for horizontal measurement was fixed and the indicator was zeroed. Then the first locking handle 291 is released and the first direction tab 221 of the first bi-directional ratchet mechanism 22 is pulled to the retracted position;
7) Turning the circular handle 21 of the horizontal sliding mechanism 2, moving the horizontal positioning cross plate 41, and tightening the first locking handle 291 of the first slider 29 after the specified bonding length dimension is reached by observing the dial indicator 6;
8) The first positioning block 28 is moved to be abutted against the first slider 29, and then the first locking bolt 281 is screwed;
9) Releasing the first locking handle 291 of the horizontal sliding mechanism 2, and moving rearward by 5mm;
10 Sizing: firstly, glue is applied in a trial mode, the glue nozzle is pre-cut according to the butt joint width, the bottom width of the injected glue strip is as wide as possible with the butt joint width, stability of glue injection speed and continuity of glue injection are controlled, and glue is applied in a sample bonding area after the glue is qualified;
11 A) the first direction pulling piece 221 of the first bidirectional ratchet mechanism 22 is pulled to an advanced position, the round handle 21 is rotated, the dial indicator 6 is observed, and the first locking handle 291 is screwed after the abutting width dimension is reached;
12 After the breathable films are stuck to the two outer sides of the butt joint adhesive layer of the sample piece 5, the flat plate is used for pressing the adhesive on the two sides, and the adhesive is flattened;
13 The operation time from the beginning of the glue injection to the completion of all the bonding work is completed in the adhesive;
14 According to the curing rate of the adhesive, the curing time of the adhesive is calculated, the first pressing plate 45.1 and the second pressing plate 45.2 are loosened after the adhesive is cured, the sample piece 5 is taken out, the shielding adhesive tape is torn off, the overflowing adhesive at the two side edges is trimmed, and the curing time is preferably 7d.
The invention can meet the requirements of manufacturing the bonding sample pieces specified in DIN 1465, GB/T7124, DIN EN 15870, GB/T6329 and other test standards, can precisely control the bonding size of the sample pieces, and simultaneously ensures the straightness, parallelism and plumpness of the adhesive layers of the sample pieces. The sample clamping mechanism and the front glue baffle plate can be replaced, so that the manufacturing of other special-shaped bonding samples can be met. The reasonable process flow ensures that the device presses the adhesive layer in multiple directions, can effectively ensure the plumpness of the adhesive layer inside, and avoids the phenomena of more adhesive layer cavities, edge adhesive shortage, poor adhesive surface forming and the like in the prior sample preparation process.
The sample preparation device of the present invention has the following features.
1) Providing a positioning reference for size control by adopting a high-precision base;
2) When the pull-shear sample is manufactured, the two reference surfaces of the first sample clamping mechanism and the second sample clamping mechanism are reversely arranged, and the bonding surface of the sample base material is tightly attached to the reference surfaces; when the stretching sample piece is manufactured, the two reference surfaces are arranged in the same direction, and the sample piece is adjusted to be mounted on the same horizontal plane, so that the influence of the size error of the base material of the sample piece on the bonding size can be avoided;
3) The clamping points of the first sample clamping mechanism and the second sample clamping mechanism are close to the bonding area of the sample base material, so that the deformation of the sample base material caused by high-viscosity adhesive is avoided;
4) The measuring device has the zero setting function, eliminates the manufacturing tolerance of the tool, and ensures the high precision of the sample size. The overlap length dimension directly measures the bonding area dimension, and reduces factors influencing the measurement result;
5) The measuring device adopts a dial indicator, and the precision reaches 0.01mm;
6) After the bonding size requirement is met, the sliding mechanism is locked, so that the problems of displacement, pull-back and the like are avoided;
7) Two groups of parallel high-precision moving mechanisms (a screw rod mechanism and a guide rail) ensure that the moving mechanisms cannot be inclined or misplaced during moving, so that the parallelism and the straightness of the adhered sample pieces are controlled;
8) The detailed and reasonable operation process flow and the control of the shape and the size of the glue injection are realized, so that bubbles are prevented from being generated inside;
9) Extruding and forming the adhesive layer in the sample preparation process, removing surface bubbles, and ensuring full adhesive layer;
10 A gap of 1mm is reserved between the horizontal plate and the vertical plate of the glue blocking block of the stretching sample, and air at sharp corners can be removed during glue injection, so that moisture can enter an adhesive layer, and the curing of the adhesive is facilitated;
11 The bidirectional ratchet wheel controls the moving direction of the sliding block, so that the moving direction of the sliding block is ensured, and the adhesive layer is prevented from being pulled away in the opposite direction by misoperation during bonding compaction, so that bonding failure is prevented;
12 Masking the non-adhesive area by masking tape, avoiding the glue from polluting the sample during extrusion;
13 The surface of the glue blocking block is plated with a low surface energy coating, the glue surface is extruded and molded by using a breathable film or waxed paper, and the breathable material does not influence the solidification of the adhesive. After the adhesive is solidified, the adhesive is not adhered to the surface material, so that the surface of the adhesive joint is smooth;
14 The overlap thickness adjusting range of the sample piece is 0 mm-40 mm, the overlap length/butt width adjusting range is 0 mm-60 mm, the requirements of DIN 1465, GB/T7124, DIN EN 15870 and GB/T6329 test standard sample preparation are met, and the manufacturing requirements of other special bonding sample pieces are also met;
15 The control precision of the bonding size reaches 0.01mm;
16 The defects of bubbles, surface cavities, pits and the like of the sample bonding layer are less than 1%;
17 Bonding to thin sample substrates (fig. 6) and thick sample substrates (fig. 7) can be achieved;
18 The manufacture of the tensile sample piece and the butt-joint tensile sample piece can be realized.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims, which are all within the scope of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
Claims (11)
1. A sample preparation device, comprising: the device comprises a base (1), a horizontal sliding mechanism (2), a vertical sliding mechanism (3), a first sample clamping mechanism (4.1) and a second sample clamping mechanism (4.2), wherein the horizontal sliding mechanism (2) and the vertical sliding mechanism (3) are arranged on the base (1); the first sample clamping mechanism (4.1) is arranged on the horizontal sliding mechanism (2), and the horizontal sliding mechanism (2) is used for driving the first sample clamping mechanism (4.1) to move in the horizontal direction; the second sample clamping mechanism (4.2) is arranged on the vertical sliding mechanism (3), and the vertical sliding mechanism (3) is used for driving the second sample clamping mechanism (4.2) to move in the vertical direction; the first sample clamping mechanism (4.1) and the second sample clamping mechanism (4.2) are used for clamping a sample in the horizontal direction;
the first sample clamping mechanism (4.1) comprises a horizontal positioning transverse plate (41) and a first pressing plate (45.1), the first pressing plate (45.1) is detachably fixed on the horizontal positioning transverse plate (41) through a fastener, and the sample is clamped between the horizontal positioning transverse plate (41) and the first pressing plate (45.1); the second sample clamping mechanism (4.2) comprises a vertical positioning transverse plate (44) and a second pressing plate (45.2), the second pressing plate (45.2) is detachably fixed on the vertical positioning transverse plate (44) through a fastener, and the sample is clamped between the vertical positioning transverse plate (44) and the second pressing plate (45.2);
when the sample preparation device is used for preparing a pull-shear sample, a pull-shear sample blocking block (42) is arranged on the end face of the horizontal positioning transverse plate (41) facing the vertical positioning transverse plate (44), a pull-shear sample blocking block (42) is also arranged on the end face of the vertical positioning transverse plate (44) facing the horizontal positioning transverse plate (41), the outer end face of the pull-shear sample blocking block (42) is a plane, and the height of the pull-shear sample blocking block (42) is larger than the thickness of an adhesive layer;
when the sample preparation device is used for preparing a stretching sample, the vertical positioning transverse plate (44) faces the end face of the horizontal positioning transverse plate (41) and is provided with a stretching sample blocking rubber block (46), and the stretching sample blocking rubber block (46) comprises a vertical plate (46.1) used for being positioned on the vertical positioning transverse plate (44) and a horizontal plate (46.2) used for receiving the sample.
2. A sample preparation device according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal sliding mechanism (2) comprises a first screw mechanism and a first guide rail (27), the first screw (25) of the first screw mechanism and the first guide rail (27) are arranged in parallel, and the first sample holding mechanism (4.1) is detachably connected with the first screw slider (24) of the first screw mechanism and the first slider (29) on the first guide rail (27) at the same time.
3. A sample preparation device according to claim 2, wherein the first slider (29) is provided with a first locking handle (291) for locking the first slider (29) on the first rail (27); the first guide rail (27) is provided with a first positioning block (28) in a sliding manner, the first positioning block (28) is closer to the vertical sliding mechanism (3) relative to the first sliding block (29), and the first positioning block (28) is provided with a first locking bolt (281) for locking the first positioning block (28).
4. A sample preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical sliding mechanism (3) comprises a second screw mechanism and a second guide rail (36), the screws of the second screw mechanism and the second guide rail (36) are arranged in parallel, and the second sample clamping mechanism (4.2) is detachably connected with the second screw slider (34) of the second screw mechanism and the second slider (37) on the second guide rail (36) at the same time.
5. A sample preparation device according to claim 4, wherein the second guide rail (36) is provided with a dial indicator (6).
6. A sample preparation device according to claim 4, wherein the second slider (37) is provided with a second locking handle (371) for locking the second slider (37) on the second rail (36); the second guide rail (36) is provided with a second positioning block (38) in a sliding manner, the second positioning block (38) is located below the second sliding block (37), and the second positioning block (38) is provided with a second locking bolt (381) used for locking the second positioning block (38).
7. A sample preparation device according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal positioning cross plate (41) and the vertical positioning cross plate (44) each have a recess for positioning a sample.
8. A sample preparation device according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal positioning cross plate (41) is provided with a dial indicator (6).
9. A sample preparation device according to claim 1, wherein the tensile sample glue block (46) further comprises a vertical plate (461) for blocking glue, the vertical plate (461) is perpendicular to the horizontal plate (46.2) and the vertical plate (46.1) at the same time, and a gap (462) is provided between the vertical plate (461) and the horizontal plate (46.2).
10. A sample preparation device according to claim 2, wherein the horizontal sliding mechanism (2) further comprises a first bi-directional ratchet mechanism (22), the first bi-directional ratchet mechanism (22) having a first direction dial (221), the first bi-directional ratchet mechanism (22) being adapted to restrict rotation of a first screw (25) of the first screw mechanism in only one direction, the first direction dial (221) being adapted to change the rotational direction of the first screw (25).
11. A sample preparation device according to claim 4, wherein the vertical sliding mechanism (3) further comprises a second bi-directional ratchet mechanism (31), the second bi-directional ratchet mechanism (31) having a second direction dial (311), the second bi-directional ratchet mechanism (31) being adapted to restrict rotation of a second screw (33) of the second screw mechanism in only one direction, the second direction dial (311) being adapted to change the direction of rotation of the second screw (33).
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