CN113702135A - Sample preparation device - Google Patents
Sample preparation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113702135A CN113702135A CN202111088833.4A CN202111088833A CN113702135A CN 113702135 A CN113702135 A CN 113702135A CN 202111088833 A CN202111088833 A CN 202111088833A CN 113702135 A CN113702135 A CN 113702135A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 168
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 7
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000208734 Pisonia aculeata Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005464 sample preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sample preparation device, which is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a base, a horizontal sliding mechanism, a vertical sliding mechanism, a first sample clamping mechanism and a second sample clamping mechanism, wherein the horizontal sliding mechanism and the vertical sliding mechanism are arranged on the base; the first sample clamping mechanism is arranged on the horizontal sliding mechanism, and the horizontal sliding mechanism is used for driving the first sample clamping mechanism to move in the horizontal direction; the second sample clamping mechanism is arranged on the vertical sliding mechanism, and the vertical sliding mechanism is used for driving the second sample clamping mechanism to move in the vertical direction; the first sample clamping mechanism and the second sample clamping mechanism are used for clamping the sample in the horizontal direction. The invention can be suitable for the preparation of tensile shearing and stretching sample pieces, solves the problem of the installation positioning reference of the sample piece base material, and can perform positioning with high precision during sample preparation; the bonding size can be flexibly adjusted according to requirements, the control of the size of the inner glue seam in a large range can be realized, and the high-precision size of sample piece manufacturing is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sample preparation device for a bonding test, and belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of tensile sample pieces/tensile shear sample pieces.
Background
Early draw and cut a kind system appearance frock for fixed system appearance frock, the main problem that exists is: the lapped size is fixed and cannot be adjusted, the universality is lacked, and the straightness of the sample piece cannot be ensured; the lack of a fixing mechanism, the sample piece is easy to shift or pull back in the adhesive curing process; sample pieces are easy to shift when the periphery is scraped with glue; the bonding dimensional accuracy is not high.
The adjustable sample piece tool improved in the later stage can adjust the bonding size, and a clamping and fixing mechanism is additionally arranged. However, the following disadvantages are present: under the influence of the thickness dimension error of the base material of the sample, the situation that the sample cannot be compacted exists when two adjacent samples are compacted; the tool is clamped at the end part of the sample piece base material, the front end bonding size is influenced by factors such as deformation of the sample piece and the tool, high-viscosity adhesive and the like, and the precision is poor; the positioning reference is not available, the bases for clamping the sample pieces cannot move in parallel, the size adjustment is not flexible, and the measurement is not convenient; accumulating the manufacturing errors of the sample piece base material and the tool and the base interval error, and having difference between the actual lap joint length and the theoretical value; the thickness of the adhesive layer is affected by the tolerance of the thickness of the sample piece and the tooling, and the actual thickness of the lap joint adhesive layer has larger error.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the precision and adapt to the preparation of a tensile sample piece and a shear sample piece at the same time, the invention provides a sample preparation device and a sample preparation method, and the specific technical scheme is as follows.
A sample preparation device, comprising: the sample clamping device comprises a base, a horizontal sliding mechanism, a vertical sliding mechanism, a first sample clamping mechanism and a second sample clamping mechanism, wherein the horizontal sliding mechanism and the vertical sliding mechanism are arranged on the base; the first sample clamping mechanism is arranged on the horizontal sliding mechanism, and the horizontal sliding mechanism is used for driving the first sample clamping mechanism to move in the horizontal direction; the second sample clamping mechanism is arranged on the vertical sliding mechanism, and the vertical sliding mechanism is used for driving the second sample clamping mechanism to move in the vertical direction; the first sample clamping mechanism and the second sample clamping mechanism are used for clamping a sample in the horizontal direction.
By adopting the technical scheme, the first sample clamping mechanism can accurately move in the horizontal direction, the second sample clamping mechanism can accurately move in the vertical direction, and when sample substrates are clamped on the first sample clamping mechanism and the second sample clamping mechanism, the horizontal distance and the vertical distance between the two sample substrates can be adjusted by utilizing the horizontal sliding mechanism and the vertical sliding mechanism, so that the device can be simultaneously suitable for high-precision preparation of a pull-shear sample and a tensile sample.
Furthermore, the horizontal sliding mechanism comprises a first screw rod mechanism and a first guide rail, a first screw rod of the first screw rod mechanism and the first guide rail are arranged in parallel, and the first sample clamping mechanism is detachably connected with a first screw rod sliding block of the first screw rod mechanism and a first sliding block on the first guide rail. The position of the first sample clamping mechanism in the horizontal direction can be accurately adjusted by using the first screw rod mechanism and the first guide rail. Preferably, the first sliding block is provided with a first locking handle for locking the first sliding block on the first guide rail; the first guide rail is provided with a first positioning block in a sliding mode, the first positioning block is closer to the vertical sliding mechanism relative to the first sliding block, and a first locking bolt used for locking the first positioning block is arranged on the first positioning block. The first locking handle may be a quick release screw.
Further, vertical slide mechanism includes second lead screw mechanism and second guide rail, the lead screw of second lead screw mechanism with second guide rail parallel arrangement, second appearance fixture simultaneously with the second lead screw slider of second lead screw mechanism with the second slider on the second guide rail can dismantle the connection. The position of the second sample clamping mechanism in the vertical direction can be accurately adjusted by using the second screw rod mechanism and the second guide rail. Preferably, a second locking handle for locking the second slider on the second guide rail is arranged on the second slider; and a second positioning block is arranged on the second guide rail in a sliding manner and is positioned below the second sliding block, and a second locking bolt for locking the second positioning block is arranged on the second positioning block.
Furthermore, the first sample clamping mechanism comprises a horizontal positioning transverse plate and a first pressing plate, the first pressing plate is detachably fixed on the horizontal positioning transverse plate through a fastener, and the sample is clamped between the horizontal positioning transverse plate and the first pressing plate; the second sample clamping mechanism comprises a vertical positioning transverse plate and a second pressing plate, the second pressing plate is detachably fixed on the vertical positioning transverse plate through a fastener, and the sample is clamped between the vertical positioning transverse plate and the second pressing plate. Preferably, the horizontal positioning transverse plate and the vertical positioning transverse plate are both provided with grooves for positioning sample pieces.
Further, the horizontal positioning transverse plate is provided with a first dial indicator, and the second guide rail is provided with a second dial indicator.
Further, work as when the system appearance device is used for the preparation to pull and cuts the appearance piece, the horizontal location diaphragm orientation be provided with on the terminal surface of vertical location diaphragm and pull and cut the appearance piece fender and glue the piece, vertical location diaphragm orientation also be provided with on the terminal surface of horizontal location diaphragm and pull and cut the appearance piece fender and glue the piece, it keeps off the outer terminal surface of gluing the piece for the plane to pull and cuts the appearance piece, just it keeps off highly being greater than bonding glue film thickness of gluing the piece to pull and cut the appearance piece.
Further, when the system appearance device is used for preparing tensile sample spare, vertical location diaphragm orientation be provided with tensile sample spare on the terminal surface of horizontal location diaphragm and keep off the gluey piece, draw and cut sample spare and keep off gluey piece including being used for the location vertical board of vertical location diaphragm and the horizontal plate that is used for accepting the sample spare. Preferably, the stretching sample glue blocking block is further provided with a vertical plate for blocking glue, the vertical plate is perpendicular to the horizontal plate and the vertical plate, and a gap is formed between the vertical plate and the horizontal plate.
Furthermore, the horizontal sliding mechanism further comprises a first bidirectional ratchet mechanism, the first bidirectional ratchet mechanism is provided with a first directional shifting piece, the first bidirectional ratchet mechanism is used for limiting the first screw rod of the first screw rod mechanism to rotate only in one direction, and the first directional shifting piece is used for changing the rotating direction of the first screw rod. By adopting the first bidirectional ratchet mechanism, the first screw rod is limited to rotate towards only one direction, and after the first direction shifting piece is shifted, the first screw rod can only rotate towards the opposite direction, so that the problems of displacement, pull-back and the like caused by the influence of external force in the adhesive curing process are solved. Correspondingly, the vertical sliding mechanism further comprises a second bidirectional ratchet mechanism, the second bidirectional ratchet mechanism is provided with a second direction shifting piece, the second bidirectional ratchet mechanism is used for limiting a second screw rod of the second screw rod mechanism to rotate only in one direction, and the second direction shifting piece is used for changing the rotating direction of the second screw rod.
The invention can be suitable for the preparation of tensile shearing and stretching sample pieces, solves the problem of the installation positioning reference of the sample piece base material, and can perform positioning with high precision during sample preparation; the bonding size can be flexibly adjusted according to requirements, the control of the size of the inner glue seam in a large range can be realized, and the high-precision size of sample piece manufacturing is ensured. The invention solves the problems that the adhesive is easy to displace and pull back under the influence of external force in the curing process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view of a sample preparation device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a base;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a horizontal slide mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a vertical slide mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a pull shear prototype;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a stretch-shear sample preparation (suitable for use with a sheet material);
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a stretch-shear sample preparation (for thick stock);
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a tensile sample;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of a drawn sample preparation;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the horizontal positioning cross plate;
fig. 11 is a schematic view of a stretched sample block.
In the figure: 1-base, 11-base, 12-column, 2-horizontal sliding mechanism, 21-circular handle, 22-first bidirectional ratchet mechanism, 221-first direction plectrum, 23-first ball screw seat, 24-first screw slide, 25-first screw, 26-first end seat, 27-first guide rail, 271-stopper, 28-first positioning block, 281-first locking bolt, 29-first slide block, 291-first locking handle, 3-vertical sliding mechanism, 31-second bidirectional ratchet mechanism, 311-second direction plectrum, 32-second ball screw seat, 33-second screw, 34-second screw slide block, 35-second end seat, 36-second guide rail, 37-second slide block, 371-second locking handle, 38-second positioning block, 381-second locking bolt, 39-second dial indicator fixing seat, 4.1-first sample piece clamping mechanism, 4.2-second sample piece clamping mechanism, 41-horizontal positioning transverse plate, 411-first dial indicator fixing seat, 42-pulling and shearing sample piece glue blocking block, 43-connecting plate, 44-vertical positioning transverse plate, 45.1-first pressing plate, 45.2-second pressing plate, 46-stretching sample piece glue blocking block, 46.1-vertical plate, 46.2-horizontal plate, 461-vertical plate, 462-gap, 5-sample piece and 6-dial indicator.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.
Referring to fig. 1-4, a sample preparation device, comprising: the device comprises a base 1, a horizontal sliding mechanism 2, a vertical sliding mechanism 3, a first sample clamping mechanism 4.1 and a second sample clamping mechanism 4.2, wherein the horizontal sliding mechanism 2 and the vertical sliding mechanism 3 are arranged on the base 1; the first sample clamping mechanism 4.1 is arranged on the horizontal sliding mechanism 2, and the horizontal sliding mechanism 2 is used for driving the first sample clamping mechanism 4.1 to move in the horizontal direction; the second sample clamping mechanism 4.2 is arranged on the vertical sliding mechanism 3, and the vertical sliding mechanism 3 is used for driving the second sample clamping mechanism 4.2 to move in the vertical direction; the first sample clamping mechanism 4.1 and the second sample clamping mechanism 4.2 are used for clamping the sample 5 in the horizontal direction.
The base 1 comprises a base 11 and two upright posts 12, the horizontal sliding mechanism 2 is installed on the base 11, and the vertical sliding mechanism 3 is installed on the upright posts 12.
The horizontal sliding mechanism 2 comprises a first screw rod mechanism and a first guide rail 27; the first screw mechanism comprises a circular handle 21, a first bidirectional ratchet mechanism 22, a first ball screw seat 23, a first screw slider 24, a first screw 25 and a first end seat 26, the first screw 25 is rotatably arranged on the base 1 through the first ball screw seat 23 and the first end seat 26, the first screw slider 24 is matched with the first screw 25, and when the first screw 25 rotates, the first screw slider 24 can move along the extending direction of the first screw 25; the first bidirectional ratchet mechanism 22 has a first direction-shifting piece 221, the first bidirectional ratchet mechanism 22 is used for limiting the lead screw 25 of the first lead screw mechanism to rotate only in one direction, and the first direction-shifting piece 221 is used for changing the rotating direction of the first lead screw 25. The first lead screw 25 and the first guide rail 27 of the first lead screw mechanism are arranged in parallel, the first guide rail 27 is fixedly arranged on the base 1, the first guide rail 27 is provided with a stop 271, a first positioning block 28 and a first slide block 29, the stop 271 is used for limiting the limit position of the first slide block 29, the first positioning block 28 is closer to the vertical sliding mechanism 3 relative to the first slide block 29, and the first positioning block 28 is provided with a first locking bolt 281 for locking the first positioning block 28. The first specimen holder 4.1 is simultaneously detachably connected to the first spindle slide 24 of the first spindle mechanism and to the first slide 29 on the first guide rail 27. The first slider 29 is provided with a first locking handle 291 for locking the first slider 29 to the first rail 27. Correspondingly, the vertical sliding mechanism 3 also has the same structure as the horizontal sliding mechanism 2, except that the arrangement direction of the screw rod is the vertical direction, and the vertical sliding mechanism 3 comprises a second screw rod mechanism and a second guide rail 36; the second screw mechanism comprises a second bidirectional ratchet mechanism 31, a second ball screw seat 32, a second screw slider 34, a second screw 33 and a second end seat 35, a second positioning block 38 and a second slider 37 are arranged on the second guide rail 36, the second positioning block 38 is positioned below the second slider 37, a second locking bolt 381 is arranged on the second positioning block 38, and a second locking handle 371 is arranged on the second slider 37.
The first sample clamping mechanism 4.1 comprises a horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 and a first pressing plate 45.1, the first pressing plate 45.1 is detachably fixed on the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 through a fastener (bolt), and the sample 5 is clamped between the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 and the first pressing plate 45.1; the second sample clamping mechanism 4.2 comprises a vertical positioning transverse plate 44 and a second pressing plate 45.2, the second pressing plate 45.2 is detachably fixed on the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 through a fastener, the sample 5 is clamped between the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 and the second pressing plate 45.2, and the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 is fixed on the second slide block 37 and the second screw rod slide block 34 of the vertical sliding mechanism 3 through a connecting plate 43.
The horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 is provided with a dial indicator 6 through the first dial indicator fixing seat 411, and the second guide rail 36 is also provided with the dial indicator 6 through the second dial indicator fixing seat 39.
The elastic rubber pull-shear sample manufacturing method and the process flow are as follows (as shown in figures 5-7).
1) Controlling the temperature and humidity of the sample preparation environment, wherein the temperature is preferably 15-30 ℃, the best temperature is 23 ℃, and the humidity is preferably 30-70%, and the best humidity is 50%;
2) cleaning, pulling and shearing a thin sample base material (sample 5), and attaching a masking adhesive tape to a non-to-be-bonded surface, wherein the adhesive tape is preferably a yellow plastic adhesive tape;
3) measuring the lap length size on the pulling-shearing thin sample base material by using a vernier caliper, marking a bonding area on a bonding surface by scribing, wherein the lap length size is preferably 12.5 mm;
4) cleaning the to-be-bonded area of the pull-cut thin sample substrate 51 by dipping a non-woven fabric into a cleaning agent until the surface of the non-woven fabric is free of stains;
5) polishing the bonding area by using sand paper, wherein the polishing sand paper is preferably 80-240 meshes, and more preferably 120 meshes;
6) cleaning the sample substrate by using a non-woven fabric dipped with a cleaning agent, and airing for 10min after cleaning;
7) activating the area to be bonded of the sample substrate by using a non-woven fabric dipping activator, cleaning and airing for 10 min;
8) brushing a sponge brush dipped with a base coat on a to-be-bonded area of a sample substrate, wherein the coating is thin and is fully distributed on the to-be-bonded surface, airing for 10min after the base coat is coated, all cleaning, activating and base coat operations are carried out towards one direction, the to-be-bonded area is prevented from being polluted after surface treatment is finished, and the surface treatment area is required to exceed the lap joint length by 3-5 mm;
9) installing the sample clamping surface of the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 downwards, installing a pull-cut sample glue blocking block 42 on the end surface of the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 facing the vertical positioning transverse plate 44, and installing a pull-cut sample glue blocking block 42 on the end surface of the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 facing the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41;
10) loosening the first locking handle 291 of the horizontal sliding mechanism 2 and the second locking handle 371 of the vertical sliding mechanism 3, loosening the locking bolts 281 and 381 of the two positioning blocks 28 and 38, shifting the direction shifting pieces 221 and 311 of the two bidirectional ratchet mechanisms 22 and 31 to advance, rotating the circular handle 21 to move the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 and the vertical positioning transverse plate 44, attaching the two pull-cut sample blocking rubber blocks 42, and then screwing the two locking handles 291 and 371 tightly;
11) zeroing the dial indicator 6 on the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41;
12) loosening the first locking handle 291, shifting the direction shifting piece 221 of the first bidirectional ratchet mechanism 22 to a retreating position, rotating the circular handle 21 to move the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41, and screwing the first locking handle 291 after observing that the dial indicator 6 reaches a specified overlapping length position;
13) the first positioning block 28 is moved to be tightly attached to the first slide block 29, and then the first locking bolt 281 is screwed;
14) placing two sample pieces 5 into grooves of a horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 and a vertical positioning transverse plate 44 respectively, placing the bonding surfaces oppositely, tightly attaching the bonding surfaces to the edges, tightly clamping the sample pieces by using a pressing plate, tightly pushing a pull-shear sample piece glue blocking block 42 at the front ends of the sample pieces 5, and tightening fixing bolts of a first pressing plate 45.1 and a second pressing plate 45.2;
15) the height of the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 is adjusted through the second screw rod 33, so that the bonding surfaces of the two sample pieces 5 are tightly attached, and the second locking handle 371 is screwed tightly;
16) fastening the dial indicator 6 in the vertical direction on a second dial indicator fixing seat 39, returning the dial indicator to zero, loosening a second locking handle 371, shifting a second direction shifting piece 311 of a second bidirectional ratchet mechanism 31 to a retreating position, moving a vertical positioning transverse plate 44, and screwing the second locking handle 371 after observing that the dial indicator 6 reaches the specified thickness of the adhesive layer, wherein the thickness of the elastic adhesive layer is preferably 2mm-10mm, more preferably 4mm-8mm, and the thickness of the high-strength structure adhesive layer is preferably 0.1mm-1mm, more preferably 0.2mm-0.4 mm;
17) the second positioning block 38 is moved to be tightly attached to the second sliding block 37, and then the second locking bolt 381 is screwed down;
18) the two locking handles 291 and 371 are loosened, the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 is moved backwards by 2 times of the lap length distance, and the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 is moved upwards by 3 times of the thickness of the adhesive layer;
19) sizing: firstly, glue is applied in a test mode, the size of a glue nozzle is pre-cut according to the width of a base material, one side of the glue nozzle is cut into a triangle, the bottom width of an injected glue strip is as wide as that of a sample piece, the glue strip is triangular, the glue injection height H is (2.2-2.5) H (the thickness of a glue injection layer), the stability of the glue injection speed and the continuity of glue injection are controlled, a glue gun is perpendicular to a bonding surface, and glue is applied to the sample piece 5 after the glue gun is qualified;
20) the direction shifting pieces 221 and 311 are shifted to the forward position, the circular handle 21 is rotated, the dial indicator 6 is observed, the first sliding block 29 in the horizontal direction is moved to a position approximately 2mm away from the first positioning block 28 and is stopped, the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 is moved downwards, and the second locking handle 371 is screwed after the dial indicator 6 in the vertical direction is observed to reach the thickness of the adhesive layer;
21) then the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 is slowly moved, and the first locking handle 291 is locked after the dial indicator 6 is observed to reach the overlapping length size;
22) after air-permeable films are pasted on the two outer sides of the sample piece lapping area, a flat plate is used for applying pressure to glue on the two sides, and the glue is pressed to be flat;
23) the glue injection is completed within the operation time of the adhesive from the beginning to the completion of all the bonding work;
24) and (3) according to the curing rate of the adhesive, calculating the curing time of the adhesive, loosening the first pressing plate 45.1 and the second pressing plate 45.2 after the adhesive is cured, taking out the sample piece 5, tearing off the masking tape, and trimming overflow glue on the edges of the two sides, wherein the curing time is preferably 7 d.
The method and process flow for making the butt-joint tensile sample are as follows (as shown in fig. 8-11).
1) Controlling the temperature and humidity of the sample preparation environment, wherein the temperature is preferably 15-30 ℃, the best temperature is 23 ℃, and the humidity is preferably 30-70%, and the best humidity is 50%;
2) cleaning a butt joint stretching sample piece base material (sample piece 5), and pasting a shielding adhesive tape to a non-to-be-bonded area, wherein the yellow plastic adhesive tape is preferably selected as the adhesive tape;
3) the method comprises the following steps of strictly performing surface treatment on an area to be bonded according to a process flow, wherein the preferable surface treatment method comprises cleaning, polishing, cleaning, activating and priming, and all the operations of cleaning, activating and priming are performed in one direction;
4) installing the sample clamping surface of the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 upwards, installing a stretched sample glue blocking block 46 on the end surface of the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 facing the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41, and relatively clamping and fixing the bonding surfaces of the two stretched samples 5; the stretch-shear sample block 46 comprises a vertical plate 46.1 for positioning on the vertical positioning cross plate 44, a horizontal plate 46.2 for receiving the sample, and a vertical plate 461 for blocking glue, wherein the vertical plate 461 is perpendicular to the horizontal plate 46.2 and the vertical plate 46.1, and a gap 462 is formed between the vertical plate 461 and the horizontal plate 46.2.
5) The horizontal positioning transverse plate 41 and the vertical positioning transverse plate 44 are moved to align the two sample pieces 5 and tightly attach the bonding surfaces, then the locking handles 291 and 371 are screwed tightly, and the second positioning block 38 is fixed;
6) the dial indicator 6 measured in the horizontal direction is fixed and the indicator is reset to zero. Then, the first locking handle 291 is released, and the first direction shifting piece 221 of the first bidirectional ratchet mechanism 22 is shifted to the retreating position;
7) rotating the circular handle 21 of the horizontal sliding mechanism 2, moving the horizontal positioning transverse plate 41, observing the dial indicator 6 to reach the specified bonding length size, and screwing the first locking handle 291 of the first sliding block 29;
8) the first positioning block 28 is moved to be tightly attached to the first slide block 29, and then the first locking bolt 281 is screwed;
9) the first locking handle 291 of the horizontal sliding mechanism 2 is released and moved backward by 5 mm;
10) sizing: firstly, glue is applied in a trial mode, the size of a glue nozzle is pre-cut according to the butt joint width, the bottom width of an injected glue strip and the butt joint width are as wide as possible, the stability of glue injection speed and the continuity of glue injection are controlled, and glue is applied to a sample piece bonding area after the glue injection speed is qualified;
11) the first direction shifting piece 221 of the first bidirectional ratchet mechanism 22 is shifted to the forward position, the circular handle 21 is rotated, the dial indicator 6 is observed, and the first locking handle 291 is screwed down after the butt joint width size is reached;
12) after the sample piece 5 is adhered with the breathable films on the two outer sides of the butt glue layer, pressing the glue on the two sides by using a flat plate, and flattening the glue;
13) the glue injection is completed within the operation time of the adhesive from the beginning to the completion of all the bonding work;
14) and (3) according to the curing rate of the adhesive, calculating the curing time of the adhesive, loosening the first pressing plate 45.1 and the second pressing plate 45.2 after the adhesive is cured, taking out the sample piece 5, tearing off the masking tape, and trimming overflow glue on the edges of the two sides, wherein the curing time is preferably 7 d.
The method can meet the requirements of manufacturing of the bonded sample pieces specified in test standards such as DIN 1465, GB/T7124, DIN EN 15870, GB/T6329 and the like, can accurately control the bonding size of the sample pieces, and simultaneously ensures the linearity and parallelism of the sample pieces and the plumpness of the adhesive layer. The sample clamping mechanism and the shape of the front rubber baffle plate are replaced, so that the requirements for manufacturing other special-shaped bonded samples can be met. The reasonable process flow enables the device to exert pressure on the adhesive layer in multiple directions, can effectively ensure the plumpness of the inner adhesive layer, and avoids the phenomena of more cavities, edge glue shortage, poor molding of the glue surface and the like of the adhesive layer in the prior sample preparation.
The sample preparation device of the invention has the following characteristics.
1) A high-precision base is adopted to provide a positioning reference for size control;
2) when the pull-cut sample is manufactured, two reference surfaces of the first sample clamping mechanism and the second sample clamping mechanism are arranged in a reverse direction, and the bonding surface of the sample substrate is tightly attached to the reference surfaces; when the tensile sample piece is manufactured, the two reference surfaces are arranged in the same direction, and the sample piece is adjusted to be installed to the same horizontal plane, so that the influence of the size error of the sample piece substrate on the bonding size can be avoided;
3) clamping points of the first sample clamping mechanism and the second sample clamping mechanism are close to a bonding area of the sample base material, so that the sample base material is prevented from being deformed due to high-viscosity adhesive;
4) the measuring device has a zero setting function, eliminates the manufacturing tolerance of the tool and ensures the high precision of the size of the sample piece. The size of the bonding area is directly measured according to the length of the lap joint, so that the factors influencing the measurement result are reduced;
5) the measuring device adopts a dial indicator, and the precision reaches 0.01 mm;
6) after the requirement of the bonding size is met, the sliding mechanism is locked, and the problems of displacement, pull-back and the like cannot be caused;
7) two groups of parallel high-precision moving mechanisms (a screw rod mechanism and a guide rail) ensure that the sample pieces cannot be skewed and misplaced during moving, so that the parallelism and the straightness of the sample pieces after being bonded are controlled;
8) detailed and reasonable operation process flow and glue injection shape and size control are realized, and bubbles are prevented from being generated inside;
9) the glue layer is extruded and molded in the sample preparation process, so that surface bubbles are removed, and the glue layer is full;
10) a 1mm gap is reserved between the horizontal plate and the vertical plate of the sample piece glue blocking block, so that air at a sharp corner can be removed during glue injection, moisture can enter the bonding layer, and the curing of an adhesive is facilitated;
11) the bidirectional ratchet wheel controls the moving direction of the sliding block, ensures the moving direction of the sliding block, and prevents the adhesive layer from being pulled open in the opposite direction by misoperation when the adhesive is tightly pressed, so that the adhesive fails;
12) shielding the non-bonding area by using a shielding adhesive tape to avoid the adhesive from polluting a sample piece during extrusion;
13) the surface of the glue blocking block is plated with a low surface energy coating, and a breathable film or wax paper is used for extrusion molding of the glue surface, so that the curing of the adhesive is not influenced by a breathable material. The adhesive is not adhered to the surface material after being cured, so that the surface of the adhesive joint is smooth;
14) the adjusting range of the lapping thickness of the sample piece is 0-40 mm, the adjusting range of the lapping length/butt joint width is 0-60 mm, the sample preparation requirements of DIN 1465, GB/T7124, DIN EN 15870 and GB/T6329 test standards are met, and the manufacturing requirements of other special bonding sample pieces can also be met;
15) the control precision of the bonding size reaches 0.01 mm;
16) defects such as bubbles, surface holes, depressions and the like of the sample bonding layer are less than 1%;
17) the thin sample piece base material (figure 6) and the thick sample piece base material (figure 7) can be bonded;
18) the manufacturing of the pulling and shearing sample piece and the butt joint stretching sample piece can be realized.
The embodiments of the present invention are described above with reference to the drawings, and the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
Claims (10)
1. A sample preparation device, comprising: the sample clamping device comprises a base (1), a horizontal sliding mechanism (2), a vertical sliding mechanism (3), a first sample clamping mechanism (4.1) and a second sample clamping mechanism (4.2), wherein the horizontal sliding mechanism (2) and the vertical sliding mechanism (3) are arranged on the base (1); the first sample clamping mechanism (4.1) is arranged on the horizontal sliding mechanism (2), and the horizontal sliding mechanism (2) is used for driving the first sample clamping mechanism (4.1) to move in the horizontal direction; the second sample clamping mechanism (4.2) is arranged on the vertical sliding mechanism (3), and the vertical sliding mechanism (3) is used for driving the second sample clamping mechanism (4.2) to move in the vertical direction; the first sample clamping mechanism (4.1) and the second sample clamping mechanism (4.2) are used for clamping a sample in the horizontal direction.
2. A sample preparation device according to claim 1, wherein said horizontal sliding mechanism (2) comprises a first screw mechanism and a first guide rail (27), a first screw (25) of said first screw mechanism and said first guide rail (27) are arranged in parallel, and said first sample holder mechanism (4.1) is detachably connected to both a first screw slider (24) of said first screw mechanism and a first slider (29) on said first guide rail (27).
3. A sample preparation device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that said first slider (29) is provided with a first locking handle (291) for locking the first slider (29) to said first guide (27); the first guide rail (27) is provided with a first positioning block (28) in a sliding mode, the first positioning block (28) is closer to the vertical sliding mechanism (3) relative to the first sliding block (29), and a first locking bolt (281) used for locking the first positioning block (28) is arranged on the first positioning block (28).
4. A sample preparation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said vertical sliding mechanism (3) comprises a second screw mechanism and a second guide rail (36), a screw of said second screw mechanism and said second guide rail (36) are arranged in parallel, and said second sample clamping mechanism (4.2) is detachably connected with a second screw slider (34) of said second screw mechanism and a second slider (37) on said second guide rail (36) at the same time; preferably, a dial indicator (6) is arranged on the second guide rail (36).
5. A sample making device as claimed in claim 4, wherein said second slider (37) is provided with a second locking handle (371) for locking said second slider (37) to said second guide rail (36); the second guide rail (36) is provided with a second positioning block (38) in a sliding mode, the second positioning block (38) is located below the second sliding block (37), and a second locking bolt (381) used for locking the second positioning block (38) is arranged on the second positioning block (38).
6. A sample making device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first sample clamping mechanism (4.1) comprises a horizontal positioning cross plate (41) and a first pressing plate (45.1), said first pressing plate (45.1) is detachably fixed to said horizontal positioning cross plate (41) by a fastener, and said sample is clamped between said horizontal positioning cross plate (41) and said first pressing plate (45.1); the second sample clamping mechanism (4.2) comprises a vertical positioning transverse plate (44) and a second pressing plate (45.2), the second pressing plate (45.2) is detachably fixed on the vertical positioning transverse plate (44) through a fastener, and the sample is clamped between the vertical positioning transverse plate (44) and the second pressing plate (45.2); preferably, the horizontal positioning transverse plate (41) and the vertical positioning transverse plate (44) are provided with grooves for positioning sample pieces; preferably, the horizontal positioning transverse plate (41) is provided with a dial indicator (6).
7. The sample preparation device according to claim 6, wherein when the sample preparation device is used for preparing a pulling and shearing sample, a pulling and shearing sample glue blocking block (42) is arranged on the end surface of the horizontal positioning transverse plate (41) facing the vertical positioning transverse plate (44), a pulling and shearing sample glue blocking block (42) is also arranged on the end surface of the vertical positioning transverse plate (44) facing the horizontal positioning transverse plate (41), the outer end surface of the pulling and shearing sample glue blocking block (42) is a plane, and the height of the pulling and shearing sample glue blocking block (42) is greater than the thickness of the adhesive layer.
8. A sample preparation device as claimed in claim 6, wherein when the sample preparation device is used for preparing a stretched sample, a stretched sample glue blocking block (46) is arranged on the end face, facing the horizontal positioning transverse plate (41), of the vertical positioning transverse plate (44), and the stretched sample glue blocking block (46) comprises a vertical plate (46.1) for positioning the vertical positioning transverse plate (44) and a horizontal plate (46.2) for receiving the sample; preferably, the stretching sample piece glue blocking block (46) is also provided with a vertical plate (461) for blocking glue, the vertical plate (461) is perpendicular to the horizontal plate (46.2) and the vertical plate (46.1), and a gap (462) is arranged between the vertical plate (461) and the horizontal plate (46.2).
9. A sample preparation device according to claim 2, wherein said horizontal sliding mechanism (2) further comprises a first bidirectional ratchet mechanism (22), said first bidirectional ratchet mechanism (22) has a first direction-shifting piece (221), said first bidirectional ratchet mechanism (22) is used for limiting the first screw (25) of said first screw mechanism to rotate only in one direction, said first direction-shifting piece (221) is used for changing the rotation direction of said first screw (25).
10. A sample preparation device according to claim 4, wherein said vertical sliding mechanism (3) further comprises a second bidirectional ratchet mechanism (31), said second bidirectional ratchet mechanism (31) has a second direction-shifting piece (311), said second bidirectional ratchet mechanism (31) is used for limiting the second screw (33) of said second screw mechanism to rotate only in one direction, and said second direction-shifting piece (311) is used for changing the rotation direction of said second screw (33).
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