CN113702129A - Rapid synthesis method and equipment for natural gas hydrate - Google Patents
Rapid synthesis method and equipment for natural gas hydrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN113702129A CN113702129A CN202111004791.1A CN202111004791A CN113702129A CN 113702129 A CN113702129 A CN 113702129A CN 202111004791 A CN202111004791 A CN 202111004791A CN 113702129 A CN113702129 A CN 113702129A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for quickly synthesizing natural gas hydrate, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining the material composition and physical property characteristics of a reservoir to be developed and researched, and preparing corresponding reservoir sediment framework composition materials and natural gas hydrate synthetic materials; adding the prepared composition materials into a reaction device, and performing primary treatment according to set requirements to form a reservoir sediment framework; adding synthetic materials for synthetic reaction into a reaction device according to set requirements, and adjusting various parameters in the reaction device; standing for a period of time, and quickly performing synthesis reaction on the synthetic material in the reaction device to generate natural gas hydrate; after the reaction is finished, the natural gas hydrate rapidly synthesized in the reaction device is present in the reservoir sediment skeleton to form a simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir. The invention has high synthesis efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas hydrate synthesis, in particular to a method and equipment for quickly synthesizing natural gas hydrate.
Background
The natural gas hydrate is a clathrate crystal compound which is similar to ice and formed by gas molecules with smaller molecular weight, mainly methane, and water molecules under the conditions of high pressure and low temperature. The energy-saving stove has the advantages of large storage capacity, high energy density and clean combustion, and is considered as an ideal clean energy source in the 21 st century. The natural gas hydrate reserves in the south China sea are rich, and reservoir sediments are mainly argillaceous silt or silt mud of unconsolidated rocks. Conventional coring can damage the stable occurrence condition of the natural gas hydrate, pressure-maintaining and heat-preserving coring is difficult, physical properties of a reservoir are not clear, and research on the development rule of the natural gas hydrate is greatly restricted. The natural gas hydrate can be microscopically divided into a pore filling type, a framework supporting type, a cementing type and the like according to the contact relationship between the hydrate and the sediment. The physical properties of natural gas hydrate reservoirs with different saturation degrees are different according to different occurrence types. The method realizes the efficient synthesis of the natural gas hydrate in the non-diagenetic sediment, prepares a sample close to the real condition of the stratum, and is the basis for developing the research on the basic physical property and the development rule of the natural gas hydrate reservoir.
The artificial synthesis of the sample containing the natural gas hydrate mainly comprises the following methods: firstly, mixing water and sediment to press the mixture into a sample, injecting natural gas into the sample, and synthesizing natural gas hydrate under the condition of changing temperature and pressure; secondly, pressing the sediment into a sample, injecting liquid dissolved with natural gas into the sample, and changing the temperature and pressure conditions to prepare natural gas hydrate; thirdly, mixing the sediment with prefabricated crushed ice containing the natural gas hydrate, and controlling the temperature and pressure conditions after pressing to form a hydrate test piece. In addition, tetrahydrofuran is used for replacing natural gas to synthesize the hydrate, and the tetrahydrofuran hydrate has similar physical properties with the natural gas hydrate and is easier to prepare. The problems existing in the existing natural gas hydrate synthesis include slow synthesis rate and long preparation time of large-size natural gas hydrate test pieces; the gas hydrate synthesized firstly can block a pore gas-liquid migration channel, so that the gas hydrate is unevenly distributed; the natural gas has low solubility in water, and is difficult to synthesize a high-saturation natural gas hydrate; the influence of the saturation of the natural gas hydrate is less considered, and an efficient method is not available for the calculation of the saturation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and equipment for quickly synthesizing natural gas hydrate with high synthesis efficiency.
The invention discloses a natural gas hydrate rapid synthesis method and equipment, which adopts the technical scheme that:
in order to solve the technical problem, the application adopts a technical scheme that: the method for rapidly synthesizing the natural gas hydrate comprises the following steps:
determining the material composition and physical property characteristics of a reservoir to be developed and researched, and preparing corresponding composition materials and synthetic materials;
adding the prepared component materials into a reaction device, and processing according to set requirements to form a reservoir sediment framework;
adding synthetic materials for synthetic reaction into a reaction device according to set requirements, and adjusting various parameters in the reaction device;
standing for a period of time, and quickly performing synthesis reaction on the synthetic material in the reaction device to generate natural gas hydrate;
after the reaction is finished, the natural gas hydrate rapidly synthesized in the reaction device is present in the reservoir sediment skeleton to form a simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir.
As a preferred scheme, the steps of determining the material composition and physical property characteristics of the reservoir to be developed and researched and preparing corresponding composition materials and synthetic materials specifically comprise:
determining the set appearance volume of a reservoir sediment framework, determining the types, proportions and densities of the composition materials and the synthetic materials forming the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir, determining the set porosity of the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir, and determining the saturation of the natural gas hydrate existing in the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir;
and calculating the total sediment dosage, the total liquid dosage and the total gas dosage required by the synthesis reaction according to the conditions.
Preferably, the step of adding the prepared component materials into a reaction device and processing the component materials according to the set requirement to form the reservoir sediment skeleton specifically comprises the following steps:
evenly dividing the prepared component materials, and then flatly paving the evenly divided component materials in a reaction device for multiple times to form a reservoir sediment framework;
and after all the component materials are added, carrying out integral compression, and finally forming a reservoir sediment framework, wherein the appearance volume of the reservoir sediment framework meets the set requirement.
As a preferable scheme, the step of adding a synthetic material for synthetic reaction into a reaction device according to a set requirement, and the adjusting of various parameters in the reaction device specifically comprises:
extracting the residual gas in the reaction device through the exhaust device, so that the interior of the reaction device is in a vacuum state;
injecting liquid from the upper part of the reaction device through the liquid injection device, switching the liquid injection direction when the injected liquid meets the set requirement, and injecting the liquid from the lower part of the reaction device until the liquid injection amount meets the total liquid consumption;
injecting gas to the upper part of the reaction device through a gas injection device, switching the gas injection direction when the injected gas meets the set requirement, and stopping gas injection from the lower part of the reaction device until the pressure in the reaction device reaches the set pressure;
the temperature in the reaction device is adjusted to the set temperature through the temperature control device.
As a preferable scheme, the step of standing for a period of time, and the step of rapidly performing a synthesis reaction on the synthetic material in the reaction device and generating the natural gas hydrate further comprises:
and (4) judging the internal pressure of the reaction device in the synthesis reaction process, if the internal pressure drops to a value which is not changed any more, continuing to inject gas through the gas injection device, and repeating the operation until the total gas consumption is completely reacted.
In order to solve the above technical problem, another technical solution adopted by the present application is: the synthesis method is based on the operation of the synthesis equipment, and the synthesis equipment comprises a reaction device, a temperature control device, a discharge device, a shaft pressing device, a liquid injection device and a gas injection device.
A reaction apparatus for preparation and placement of a reservoir sediment framework and for providing an environment for natural gas hydrate synthesis reactions.
And the temperature control device is used for adjusting the temperature inside the reaction device.
A discharge device for causing the inside of the reaction device to be in a vacuum state.
And the axial compression device is used for compressing the reservoir sediment skeleton and providing formation stress required by the synthetic reaction.
And the liquid injection device is used for providing liquid required by the synthesis reaction.
And the gas injection device is used for providing gas required by the synthesis reaction.
As preferred scheme, reaction unit is including by roof, bottom plate and being located the roof with the airtight reaction chamber that cavity between the bottom plate constitutes, the roof can reciprocate, the roof below the bottom plate top all is provided with the pellicle, the top in airtight reaction chamber is provided with first air inlet, first inlet, the below in airtight reaction chamber is provided with second air inlet, second inlet and first exhaust outlet.
The temperature control device comprises a closed temperature adjusting cavity formed by a cover body and a base, the cover body is installed on the base, the bottom plate is fixed on the base, a channel used for the first air inlet and the first liquid inlet to penetrate is formed in the cover body, and a channel used for the second air inlet, the second liquid inlet and the first exhaust outlet to penetrate is formed in the base.
The exhaust device comprises a vacuum pump and an exhaust valve, one end of the exhaust valve is communicated with the first exhaust port through a pipeline, and the other end of the exhaust valve is communicated with the vacuum pump through a pipeline.
The axial compression device comprises a hydraulic pump and an axial compression pressure head, the axial compression pressure head is located above a top plate of the reaction cavity, and the hydraulic pump is in driving connection with the axial compression pressure head.
The liquid injection device comprises a liquid tank, a liquid injection pump, a main liquid injection valve, a liquid flowmeter, a first upper liquid injection valve, a second upper liquid injection valve, a first lower liquid injection valve and a second lower liquid injection valve, wherein the liquid tank is used for storing liquid required by natural gas hydrate synthesis reaction, the liquid injection pump is used for pumping out the liquid, one end of the liquid injection pump is communicated with the liquid tank through a pipeline, the other end of the liquid injection pump is communicated with one end of the main liquid injection valve through a pipeline, one end of the liquid flowmeter is communicated with the other end of the main liquid injection valve through a pipeline, the other end of the liquid flowmeter is communicated with one end of the first upper liquid injection valve and one end of the first lower liquid injection valve through a pipeline, the other end of the first upper liquid injection valve is communicated with one end of the second upper liquid injection valve through a pipeline, the other end of the second upper liquid injection valve is communicated with the first liquid inlet through a pipeline, the other end of the first liquid pouring valve is communicated with one end of the second liquid pouring valve through a pipeline, and the other end of the second liquid pouring valve is communicated with the second liquid inlet through a pipeline.
The gas injection device comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder, a gas injection pump, a gas injection main valve, a gas flowmeter, a first upper gas injection valve, a first lower gas injection valve, a second upper gas injection valve and a second lower gas injection valve, wherein the high-pressure gas cylinder is used for storing gas required by a natural gas hydrate synthesis reaction, the gas injection pump is used for pumping the gas, one end of the gas injection pump is communicated with the high-pressure gas cylinder through a pipeline, the other end of the gas injection pump is communicated with one end of the gas injection main valve through a pipeline, the other end of the gas injection main valve is communicated with one end of the gas flowmeter through a pipeline, the other end of the gas flowmeter is communicated with one ends of the first upper gas injection valve and the first lower gas injection valve through a pipeline, the other end of the first upper gas injection valve is communicated with one end of the second upper gas injection valve through a pipeline, and the other end of the second upper gas injection valve is communicated with the first gas inlet through a pipeline, the other end of the first lower gas injection valve is communicated with one end of the second lower gas injection valve through a pipeline, and the other end of the second lower gas injection valve is communicated with the second gas inlet through a pipeline.
Preferably, the synthesis apparatus further comprises a control device for controlling each device in the synthesis apparatus.
The control device comprises an information receiving converter and a mobile terminal, the temperature control device is electrically connected with the information receiving converter, the control ends of the vacuum pump, the hydraulic pump, the liquid injection pump and the gas injection pump are electrically connected with the information receiving converter, and the information receiving converter is used for receiving signals and feeding back the signals to the mobile terminal.
As a preferred scheme, the synthesis apparatus further comprises a monitoring device, the monitoring device is in signal connection with the information receiving converter, and the monitoring device comprises a first temperature and pressure sensor arranged between the liquid flow meter and the first upper liquid injection valve and the first lower liquid injection valve and used for detecting the temperature and the pressure of the liquid at the outlet of the liquid flow meter, a pressure sensor connected with the high-pressure gas cylinder and used for detecting the gas pressure of the high-pressure gas cylinder, a second temperature and pressure sensor connected with the gas injection pump and used for detecting the gas temperature and the pressure at the outlet of the gas injection pump, a third temperature and pressure sensor arranged between the gas flow meter and the first upper gas injection valve and the first lower gas injection valve and used for detecting the gas temperature and the pressure at the outlet of the gas flow meter, and a fourth temperature and pressure sensor arranged on the cavity and used for detecting the temperature and the pressure in the reaction cavity.
The invention provides a method and equipment for quickly synthesizing natural gas hydrate, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining the material composition and physical property characteristics of a reservoir to be developed and researched, and preparing corresponding composition materials and synthetic materials; adding the prepared component materials into a reaction device, and processing according to set requirements to form a reservoir sediment framework; adding synthetic materials for synthetic reaction into a reaction device according to set requirements, and adjusting various parameters in the reaction device; standing for a period of time, and quickly performing synthesis reaction on the synthetic material in the reaction device to generate natural gas hydrate; after the reaction is finished, the natural gas hydrate rapidly synthesized in the reaction device is present in the reservoir sediment skeleton to form a simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir. According to the synthetic method provided by the invention, the material composition and physical property characteristics of the natural gas hydrate reservoir to be developed and researched need to be determined, so that an operator can prepare corresponding materials in advance to prepare the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir conveniently. The composite material is a synthetic natural gas hydrate, and the reservoir sediment framework is formed by the primary treatment of the composite material, so that the composite material has the structural characteristics of the corresponding stratum. And the synthetic material is added into the reaction device according to the set requirements, after the synthetic material is added into the reaction device, parameters such as temperature, air pressure and the like in the reaction device are adjusted, so that the environment in the reaction device meets the conditions required by the synthetic reaction, the synthetic reaction is waited to be carried out until the synthetic reaction is finished, and finally the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum with the same material composition and physical property characteristics as the natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum to be developed and researched is obtained.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a block schematic diagram of a natural gas hydrate rapid synthesis apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the natural gas hydrate rapid synthesis apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated and described with reference to the embodiments and drawings of the specification:
the invention provides a rapid synthesis method of a natural gas hydrate, which comprises the following steps:
determining the material composition and physical property characteristics of a reservoir to be developed and researched, and preparing corresponding composition materials and synthetic materials;
adding the prepared component materials into a reaction device and carrying out primary treatment according to set requirements to form a reservoir sediment framework;
adding synthetic materials for synthetic reaction into a reaction device according to set requirements, and adjusting various parameters in the reaction device;
standing for a period of time, and quickly performing synthesis reaction on the synthetic material in the reaction device to generate natural gas hydrate;
after the reaction is finished, the natural gas hydrate rapidly synthesized in the reaction device is present in the reservoir sediment skeleton to form a simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir.
Further, the step of determining the material composition and physical properties of the reservoir to be developed and researched and preparing corresponding composition materials and synthetic materials specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the set appearance volume of a reservoir sediment framework, determining the types, proportions and densities of the composition materials and the synthetic materials forming the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir, determining the set porosity of the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir, and determining the saturation of the natural gas hydrate existing in the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir;
and calculating the total sediment dosage, the total liquid dosage and the total gas dosage required by the synthesis reaction according to the conditions.
Intelligible, naturalCH after decomposition of gas hydrate4The concentration reaches more than 99 percent, so the invention selects CH4And deionization of H2And reacting O to generate natural gas hydrate. Setting simulated reservoir appearance dimension VbCombining the stratum porosity phi and the natural gas hydrate saturation S to be simulatedhyCalculating the amount V of the composition material required for synthesismVolume and liquid dosage V1Volume and amount of natural gas ngas(mols).
The amount of the composition material V required for synthesismAnd (4) calculating. According to the dry skeleton particle density rho, the porosity phi and the simulated reservoir appearance volume VbCalculating the total amount of deposit Vm，Vm＝Vb*(1-Ф)/ρ。
The amount of liquid needed for synthesis V1Volume and amount of natural gas ngas(molar) calculation. According to the saturation S of the simulated natural gas hydratehyThe volume V of the synthesized natural gas hydrate can be calculatedhy＝Vb*Ф*Shy. When the synthesis temperature is 5 ℃, the natural gas hydrate crystal lattice molar volume is that v is 1038.94cm3Per mol, the number of moles n of natural gas hydrate can be calculatedhy＝VhyAnd/v. According to the natural gas hydrate reaction equation, the mole number of the required gas can be calculated to be ngas＝nhyThe required water mole number is nH2O＝5.75*nhyCalculating the volume V of available waterH2O。
The actual injected liquid dosage is directly measured by the liquid flowmeter, and the actual injected gas dosage is calculated by combining the gas flowmeter and a real gas state equation. Calculating the volume flow V of the passing gas according to a gas flowmetergasAccording to the real gas state equation PV ═ ZNRT, a third temperature and pressure sensor of gas at the outlet end of the gas flowmeter measures the temperature T and the pressure P of the gas flowing through the gas flowmeter, the critical pressure Pc and the critical temperature Tc of the methane gas, and the real gas compression coefficient Z under the temperature and the pressure can be obtained by combining a general compression factor curve template, and the gas volume is converted into the gas mole number ni。
Preferably, the micro distribution of the natural gas hydrate is different under the condition of different saturation degrees, the material dosage required by the synthetic reaction can be set according to the distribution state of the natural gas hydrate to be simulated, the actual liquid and gas dosages can be selected according to the requirement, the liquid dosage can be set, an excess gas synthetic method is adopted, and the gas dosage can also be set, and an excess liquid synthetic method is adopted. The present invention uses a slight excess of gas synthesis process as an example with a set liquid dosage.
Further, the steps of adding the prepared composition materials into a reaction device and carrying out primary treatment according to set requirements to form a reservoir sediment framework specifically comprise:
evenly dividing the prepared component materials, and then flatly paving the evenly divided component materials in a reaction device for multiple times to form a reservoir sediment framework;
and after all the component materials are added, carrying out integral compression, and finally forming a reservoir sediment framework, wherein the appearance volume of the reservoir sediment framework meets the set requirement.
Further, the step of adding a synthetic material for a synthetic reaction into the reaction device according to a set requirement, and adjusting various parameters in the reaction device specifically comprises:
extracting the residual gas in the reaction device through the exhaust device, so that the interior of the reaction device is in a vacuum state;
injecting liquid from the upper part of the reaction device through the liquid injection device, switching the liquid injection direction when the injected liquid meets the set requirement, and injecting the liquid from the lower part of the reaction device until the liquid injection amount meets the total liquid consumption;
injecting gas to the upper part of the reaction device through a gas injection device, switching the gas injection direction when the injected gas meets the set requirement, and stopping gas injection from the lower part of the reaction device until the pressure in the reaction device reaches the set pressure;
the temperature in the reaction device is adjusted to the set temperature through the temperature control device.
Understandably, natural gas hydrate synthesis has different temperature and pressure conditions which can be selected, the combination of temperature and pressure can be optimized by combining with the actual situation, when the pressure is 5MPa, the reaction can be carried out when the temperature is reduced to 7 ℃, and the invention can take the temperature of 5 ℃ at the pressure of 5MPa as an example of the synthesis reaction condition.
Further, the step of standing for a period of time, wherein the synthetic material in the reaction device rapidly performs a synthetic reaction and generates the natural gas hydrate further comprises:
and (4) judging the internal pressure of the reaction device in the synthesis reaction process, if the internal pressure drops to a value which is not changed any more, continuing to inject gas through the gas injection device, and repeating the operation until the total gas consumption is completely reacted.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a gas hydrate rapid synthesis apparatus according to the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the gas hydrate rapid synthesis apparatus according to the present invention.
The invention also provides natural gas hydrate rapid synthesis equipment, wherein the synthesis method operates based on the synthesis equipment, and the synthesis equipment comprises a reaction device 10, a temperature control device 20, a discharge device 30, a shaft pressing device 40, a liquid injection device 50 and a gas injection device 60.
A reaction apparatus 10, said reaction apparatus 10 being for the preparation and placement of reservoir sediment scaffolds, and for providing an environment for natural gas hydrate synthesis reactions.
A temperature control device 20, wherein the temperature control device 20 is used for adjusting the temperature inside the reaction device 10.
A discharging device 30, wherein the discharging device 30 is used for promoting the vacuum state inside the reaction device 10.
And the axial compression device 40 is used for compressing and providing formation stress required by the synthetic reaction by the axial compression device 40.
And the liquid injection device 50 is used for providing liquid required by the synthesis reaction.
A gas injection device 60, wherein the gas injection device 60 is used for providing gas required by synthesis reaction.
Further, reaction unit 10 is including by roof 11, bottom plate 12 and being located roof 11 with the airtight reaction chamber that cavity 13 between the bottom plate 12 constitutes, roof 11 can reciprocate, roof 11 below all be provided with pellicle 14 above the bottom plate 12, the top in airtight reaction chamber is provided with first air inlet 15, first inlet 16, the below in airtight reaction chamber is provided with second air inlet 17, second inlet 18 and first discharge port 19.
Temperature control device 20 is including the airtight temperature regulation chamber that comprises the cover body 21 and base 22, the cover body 21 install in on the base 22, bottom plate 12 is fixed on the base 22, be provided with the passageway that is used for first air inlet 15, first inlet 16 to pass on the cover body 21, be provided with the passageway that is used for second air inlet 17, second inlet 18 and first exhaust port 19 to pass on the base 22.
The exhaust device 30 includes a vacuum pump 31 and an exhaust valve 32, one end of the exhaust valve 32 is connected to the first exhaust port 19 through a pipeline, and the other end of the exhaust valve 32 is connected to the vacuum pump 31 through a pipeline.
The axial compression device 40 comprises a hydraulic pump 41 and an axial compression head 42, the axial compression head 42 is positioned above the top plate 11 of the reaction chamber, and the hydraulic pump 41 is in driving connection with the axial compression head 42. In the process of performing the preparation reservoir lamination, the required composition materials are uniformly distributed and are flatly laid in the reaction device 10 for multiple times, the proper pressure is selected, the pressure of a hydraulic pump is set, the axial pressure head 42 drives the top plate 11 of the reaction device 10 to compact the composition materials, all parts of the preparation reservoir are guaranteed to be uniformly compacted, the porosity is uniform, and the apparent volume of the particles is compressed to the set volume of the preparation reservoir. After multiple times of same axial compression, keeping the apparent volume of the prepared reservoir larger than the apparent volume of the set prepared reservoir, finally operating the axial compression head 42 to compress the apparent volume of the prepared reservoir to a set value, and keeping the positions of the axial compression head 42 different.
The liquid injection device 50 comprises a liquid tank 51, a liquid injection pump 52, a main liquid injection valve 53, a liquid flowmeter 54, a first upper liquid injection valve 56, a second upper liquid injection valve 57, a first lower liquid injection valve 58 and a second lower liquid injection valve 59, wherein the liquid tank 51 is used for storing liquid required by the natural gas hydrate synthesis reaction, the liquid injection pump 52 is used for pumping out liquid, one end of the liquid injection pump 52 is communicated with the liquid tank 51 through a pipeline, the other end of the liquid injection pump 52 is communicated with one end of the main liquid injection valve 53 through a pipeline, one end of the liquid flowmeter 54 is communicated with the other end of the main liquid injection valve 53 through a pipeline, the other end of the liquid flowmeter 54 is communicated with one end of the first upper liquid injection valve 56 and one end of the first lower liquid injection valve 58 through pipelines, the other end of the first upper liquid injection valve 56 is communicated with one end of the second upper liquid injection valve 57 through a pipeline, the other end of the second upper liquid injection valve 57 is communicated with the first liquid inlet 16 through a pipeline, the other end of the first lower liquid injection valve 58 is communicated with one end of the second lower liquid injection valve 59 through a pipeline, and the other end of the second lower liquid injection valve 59 is communicated with the second liquid inlet 18 through a pipeline.
The gas injection device 60 comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder 61, a gas injection pump 62, a gas injection main valve 63, a gas flowmeter 65, a first upper gas injection valve 66, a first lower gas injection valve 67, a second upper gas injection valve 68 and a second lower gas injection valve 69, the high-pressure gas cylinder 61 is used for storing gas required by a natural gas hydrate synthesis reaction, the gas injection pump 62 is used for pumping out gas, one end of the gas injection pump 62 is communicated with the high-pressure gas cylinder 61 through a pipeline, the other end of the gas injection pump 62 is communicated with one end of the gas injection main valve 63 through a pipeline, the other end of the gas injection main valve 63 is communicated with one end of the gas flowmeter 65 through a pipeline, the other end of the gas flowmeter 65 is communicated with one ends of the first upper gas injection valve 66 and the first gas injection lower valve 67 through a pipeline, the other end of the first upper gas injection valve 66 is communicated with one end of the second upper gas injection valve 68 through a pipeline, the other end of the second upper gas injection valve 68 is communicated with the first gas inlet 15 through a pipeline, the other end of the first lower gas injection valve 67 is communicated with one end of the second lower gas injection valve 69 through a pipeline, and the other end of the second lower gas injection valve 69 is communicated with the second gas inlet 17 through a pipeline.
It should be noted that the solubility of methane in pure water is very low, the saturation of the synthesized natural gas hydrate is low, and it is difficult to meet the requirement of synthesizing a high-saturation sample, and the saturation can be improved by adding a natural gas hydrate promoter. The natural gas hydrate accelerant sodium dodecyl sulfate SDS can effectively improve the solubility of methane in water, and can accelerate the time required by the synthesis reaction and effectively improve the saturation of the synthesized natural gas hydrate. Meanwhile, SDS has little influence on physical parameters of the synthesized natural gas hydrate. The optimum effect cannot be achieved when the addition amount of the SDS accelerant is too low or too high, and the SDS accelerant can be added into water at the concentration of 0.002mol/L by referring to related researches, and the mixed liquid is used as synthetic liquid.
Understandably, the semi-permeable membranes 14 located above the bottom plate 12 and below the top plate 11 allow gas and liquid to pass through while preventing sediment from passing through, thereby preventing migration of small particles simulating the reservoir during gas injection or liquid injection and avoiding blockage of pipelines.
Further, the synthesis apparatus further comprises a control device 70, the control device 70 being configured to control each device in the synthesis apparatus.
The control device 70 comprises an information receiving converter 71 and a mobile terminal 72, the temperature control device 20 is electrically connected with the information receiving converter 71, the control ends of the vacuum pump 31, the hydraulic pump, the liquid injection pump 52 and the gas injection pump 62 are electrically connected with the information receiving converter 71, and the information receiving converter 71 is used for receiving signals and feeding back the signals to the mobile terminal 72.
Further, the synthesis device further comprises a monitoring device, which is connected with the information receiving converter 71 in a signal connection, the monitoring device comprises a first temperature and pressure sensor 55 arranged between the liquid flow meter 54 and the first upper liquid injection valve 56 and the first lower liquid injection valve 58 and used for detecting the temperature and the pressure of liquid at the outlet of the liquid flow meter 54, a pressure sensor 80 connected with the high-pressure gas cylinder 61 and used for detecting the gas pressure of the high-pressure gas cylinder 61, a second temperature and pressure sensor 64 connected with the gas injection pump 62 and used for detecting the temperature and the pressure of gas at the outlet of the gas injection pump 62, a third temperature and pressure sensor 81 arranged between the gas flow meter 65 and the first upper gas injection valve 66 and the first lower gas injection valve 67 and used for detecting the temperature and the pressure of gas at the outlet of the gas flow meter 65, and a fourth temperature and pressure sensor 82 arranged on the cavity 13 and used for detecting the temperature and the pressure in the reaction cavity. For example, pressure sensors and/or temperature sensors are installed around the reaction apparatus 10 and on the gas injection and liquid injection paths. In order to accurately detect the temperature and pressure conditions in the reaction device 10, the temperature and pressure sensors are respectively arranged at the positions 10cm away from the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12.
The synthesis equipment provided by the invention can realize the alternate injection of gas and liquid from the upper direction and the lower direction of the simulated reservoir through the matching of the valve, the gas inlet and the liquid inlet. The method avoids blockage of pore channels after hydrate synthesis during unidirectional gas injection, gas flow difficulty, reduces comprehensive efficiency of hydrate synthesis, easily causes uneven distribution of hydrates, improves synthesis rate through an alternate injection mode, and promotes uniform distribution of hydrates in pores.
The invention provides a method and equipment for quickly synthesizing natural gas hydrate, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining the material composition and physical property characteristics of a reservoir to be developed and researched, and preparing corresponding composition materials and synthetic materials; adding the prepared component materials into a reaction device, and processing according to set requirements to form a reservoir sediment framework; adding synthetic materials for synthetic reaction into a reaction device according to set requirements, and adjusting various parameters in the reaction device; standing for a period of time, and quickly performing synthesis reaction on the synthetic material in the reaction device to generate natural gas hydrate; after the reaction is finished, the natural gas hydrate rapidly synthesized in the reaction device is present in the reservoir sediment skeleton to form a simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir. According to the synthetic method provided by the invention, the material composition and physical property characteristics of the natural gas hydrate reservoir to be developed and researched need to be determined, so that an operator can prepare corresponding materials in advance to prepare the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir conveniently. The composition material is used for constructing a corresponding stratum structure, the synthetic material is a synthetic natural gas hydrate, and the composition material needs to be subjected to primary treatment so as to have structural characteristics corresponding to the stratum. And the synthetic material is added into the reaction device according to the set requirements, after the synthetic material is added into the reaction device, parameters such as temperature, air pressure and the like in the reaction device are adjusted, so that the environment in the reaction device meets the conditions required by the synthetic reaction, the synthetic reaction is waited to be carried out until the synthetic reaction is finished, and finally the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum with the same material composition and physical property characteristics as the natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum to be developed and researched is obtained.
The method can simulate the formation process of the natural gas hydrate in the natural non-diagenetic sediment, synthesize a natural gas hydrate sample close to reality, and is used for physical property testing and other exploration and development experiments; the method can meet the requirement of efficiently synthesizing the natural gas hydrate sample with higher saturation in shorter time; the saturation of the synthesized natural gas hydrate can be accurately controlled; natural gas hydrates in different occurrence states can be synthesized according to the consumption of liquid and natural gas; the method can avoid blocking a flow channel after the hydrate is formed, and synthesize a relatively homogeneous natural gas hydrate sample.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A rapid synthesis method of natural gas hydrate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the material composition and physical property characteristics of a reservoir to be developed and researched, and preparing corresponding composition materials and synthetic materials;
adding the prepared component materials into a reaction device, and processing according to set requirements to form a reservoir sediment framework;
adding synthetic materials for synthetic reaction into a reaction device according to set requirements, and adjusting various parameters in the reaction device;
standing for a period of time, and quickly performing synthesis reaction on the synthetic material in the reaction device to generate natural gas hydrate;
after the reaction is finished, the natural gas hydrate rapidly synthesized in the reaction device is present in the reservoir sediment skeleton to form a simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir.
2. The method for rapidly synthesizing natural gas hydrate according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the material composition and physical properties of the reservoir to be developed and researched and preparing the corresponding composition materials and synthetic materials specifically comprises:
determining the set appearance volume of a reservoir sediment framework, determining the types, proportions and densities of the composition materials and the synthetic materials forming the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir, determining the set porosity of the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir, and determining the saturation of the natural gas hydrate existing in the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir;
and calculating the total sediment dosage, the total liquid dosage and the total gas dosage required by the synthesis reaction according to the conditions.
3. The method for rapidly synthesizing natural gas hydrate according to claim 2, wherein the step of adding prepared component materials into a reaction device and processing the prepared component materials according to set requirements to form a reservoir sediment framework comprises the following specific steps:
evenly dividing the prepared component materials, and then flatly paving the evenly divided component materials in a reaction device for multiple times to form a reservoir sediment framework;
and after all the component materials are added, carrying out integral compression, and finally forming a reservoir sediment framework, wherein the appearance volume of the reservoir sediment framework meets the set requirement.
4. The method for rapidly synthesizing natural gas hydrate according to claim 3, wherein the step of adding synthetic materials for synthesis reaction into the reaction device according to set requirements and the step of adjusting various parameters in the reaction device specifically comprises:
extracting the residual gas in the reaction device through the exhaust device, so that the interior of the reaction device is in a vacuum state;
injecting liquid from the upper part of the reaction device through the liquid injection device, switching the liquid injection direction when the injected liquid meets the set requirement, and injecting the liquid from the lower part of the reaction device until the liquid injection amount meets the total liquid consumption;
injecting gas to the upper part of the reaction device through a gas injection device, switching the gas injection direction when the injected gas meets the set requirement, and stopping gas injection from the lower part of the reaction device until the pressure in the reaction device reaches the set pressure;
the temperature in the reaction device is adjusted to the set temperature through the temperature control device.
5. The method for rapid synthesis of natural gas hydrates according to claim 4, wherein the step of standing for a period of time for rapid synthesis of synthetic materials in the reaction apparatus to produce natural gas hydrates further comprises:
and (4) judging the internal pressure of the reaction device in the synthesis reaction process, if the internal pressure drops to a value which is not changed any more, continuing to inject gas through the gas injection device, and repeating the operation until the total gas consumption is completely reacted.
6. A natural gas hydrate rapid synthesis apparatus, characterized in that the natural gas hydrate rapid synthesis method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5 is operated based on the synthesis apparatus, and the synthesis apparatus comprises a reaction device (10), a temperature control device (20), a discharge device (30), an axial compression device (40), a liquid injection device (50) and a gas injection device (60);
a reaction device (10), the reaction device (10) being used for preparation and placement of reservoir sediment skeletons and for providing an environment for natural gas hydrate synthesis reactions;
a temperature control device (20), the temperature control device (20) being used for adjusting the temperature inside the reaction device (10);
a discharge device (30), wherein the discharge device (30) is used for promoting the interior of the reaction device (10) to be in a vacuum state;
the axial compression device (40), the axial compression device (40) is used for compressing the reservoir sediment skeleton and providing formation stress required by synthetic reaction;
the liquid injection device (50), the liquid injection device (50) is used for providing liquid required by the synthesis reaction;
a gas injection device (60), wherein the gas injection device (60) is used for providing gas required by the synthesis reaction.
7. The natural gas hydrate rapid synthesis equipment according to claim 6, wherein the reaction device (10) comprises a closed reaction chamber composed of a top plate (11), a bottom plate (12) and a cavity (13) between the top plate (11) and the bottom plate (12), the top plate (11) can move up and down, semipermeable membranes (14) are arranged below the top plate (11) and above the bottom plate (12), a first air inlet (15) and a first liquid inlet (16) are arranged above the closed reaction chamber, and a second air inlet (17), a second liquid inlet (18) and a first discharge outlet (19) are arranged below the closed reaction chamber;
the temperature control device (20) comprises a closed temperature adjusting cavity formed by a cover body (21) and a base (22), the cover body (21) is installed on the base (22), the bottom plate (12) is fixed on the base (22), a channel for a first air inlet (15) and a first liquid inlet (16) to penetrate through is formed in the cover body (21), and a channel for a second air inlet (17), a second liquid inlet (18) and a first exhaust port (19) to penetrate through is formed in the base (22);
the discharge device (30) comprises a vacuum pump (31) and a discharge valve (32), one end of the discharge valve (32) is communicated with the first discharge port (19) through a pipeline, and the other end of the discharge valve (32) is communicated with the vacuum pump (31) through a pipeline;
the axial compression device (40) comprises a hydraulic pump (41) and an axial compression head (42), the axial compression head (42) is positioned above a top plate (11) of the reaction cavity, and the hydraulic pump (41) is in driving connection with the axial compression head (42);
the liquid injection device (50) comprises a liquid tank (51), a liquid injection pump (52), a main liquid injection valve (53), a liquid flow meter (54), a first upper liquid injection valve (56), a second upper liquid injection valve (57), a first lower liquid injection valve (58) and a second lower liquid injection valve (59), wherein the liquid tank (51) is used for storing liquid required by natural gas hydrate synthesis reaction, the liquid injection pump (52) is used for pumping out the liquid, one end of the liquid injection pump (52) is communicated with the liquid tank (51) through a pipeline, the other end of the liquid injection pump (52) is communicated with one end of the main liquid injection valve (53) through a pipeline, one end of the liquid flow meter (54) is communicated with the other end of the main liquid injection valve (53) through a pipeline, the other end of the liquid flow meter (54) is communicated with one end of the first upper liquid injection valve (56) and one end of the first lower liquid injection valve (58) through a pipeline, the other end of the first upper liquid injection valve (56) is communicated with one end of the second upper liquid injection valve (57) through a pipeline, the other end of the second upper liquid injection valve (57) is communicated with the first liquid inlet (16) through a pipeline, the other end of the first lower liquid injection valve (58) is communicated with one end of the second lower liquid injection valve (59) through a pipeline, and the other end of the second lower liquid injection valve (59) is communicated with the second liquid inlet (18) through a pipeline;
the gas injection device (60) comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder (61), a gas injection pump (62), a main gas injection valve (63), a gas flow meter (65), a first upper gas injection valve (66), a first lower gas injection valve (67), a second upper gas injection valve (68) and a second lower gas injection valve (69), wherein the high-pressure gas cylinder (61) is used for storing gas required by a natural gas hydrate synthesis reaction, the gas injection pump (62) is used for pumping out gas, one end of the gas injection pump (62) is communicated with the high-pressure gas cylinder (61) through a pipeline, the other end of the gas injection pump (62) is communicated with one end of the main gas injection valve (63) through a pipeline, the other end of the main gas injection valve (63) is communicated with one end of the gas flow meter (65) through a pipeline, and the other end of the gas flow meter (65) is communicated with the first upper gas injection valve (66), One end of a first lower gas injection valve (67), the other end of the first upper gas injection valve (66) is communicated with one end of a second upper gas injection valve (68) through a pipeline, the other end of the second upper gas injection valve (68) is communicated with the first gas inlet (15) through a pipeline, the other end of the first lower gas injection valve (67) is communicated with one end of a second lower gas injection valve (69) through a pipeline, and the other end of the second lower gas injection valve (69) is communicated with the second gas inlet (17) through a pipeline.
8. The natural gas hydrate rapid synthesis apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a control device (70), the control device (70) being configured to control each device in the synthesis apparatus;
the control device (70) comprises an information receiving converter (71) and a mobile terminal (72), the temperature control device (20) is electrically connected with the information receiving converter (71), the control ends of the vacuum pump (31), the hydraulic pump (41), the liquid injection pump (52) and the gas injection pump (62) are electrically connected with the information receiving converter (71), and the information receiving converter (71) is used for receiving signals and feeding back the signals to the mobile terminal (72).
9. The natural gas hydrate rapid synthesis device according to claim 8, further comprising a monitoring device in signal connection with the information receiving converter (71), wherein the monitoring device comprises a first temperature and pressure sensor (55) arranged between the liquid flow meter (54) and the first upper liquid injection valve (56) and the first lower liquid injection valve (58) and used for detecting the temperature and pressure of the liquid at the outlet of the liquid flow meter (54), a pressure sensor (80) connected with the high-pressure gas cylinder (61) and used for detecting the gas pressure of the high-pressure gas cylinder (61), a second temperature and pressure sensor (64) connected with the gas injection pump (62) and used for detecting the temperature and pressure of the gas at the outlet of the gas injection pump (62), a third temperature and pressure sensor (81) arranged between the gas flow meter (65) and the first upper gas injection valve (66) and the first lower gas injection valve (67) and used for detecting the temperature and pressure of the gas at the outlet of the gas flow meter (65), a first temperature and pressure sensor (81), a second temperature and a second pressure sensor (81) arranged between the gas flow meter (65) and the first lower gas injection valve (67) and used for detecting the gas temperature and pressure of the gas at the outlet of the gas flow meter (65), And a fourth temperature and pressure sensor (82) arranged on the cavity (13) and used for detecting the temperature and the pressure in the reaction cavity.
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