CN113700055B - Test method for simulating erosion of solidified soil in offshore wind power pile construction process - Google Patents
Test method for simulating erosion of solidified soil in offshore wind power pile construction process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test method for simulating erosion of solidified soil in the construction process of an offshore wind power pile, which comprises the steps of simulating self-flowing filling of the solidified soil, simulating erosion of the solidified soil from filling of the solidified soil to the curing process and simulating the erosion of the solidified soil after curing and forming; simulating the scouring condition of the solidified soil under the action of various flow velocities; and simulating the scouring depth and the loss rate of the solidified soil protective layer under the action of long-term water flow.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a test method for simulating erosion of solidified soil in the construction process of an offshore wind power pile.
Background art:
after the pile is sunk on the wind power single-pile foundation, the flow velocity of the seabed around the pile is improved by 0.5-1 time compared with the flow velocity without the pile, and the improvement of the flow velocity breaks the original erosion and deposition balance of the seabed: the sea current can form the horseshoe vortex around the stake, and the stake rear side forms alternate wake vortex line, and the stake side streamline tightens up, and the stake front side still can form the backward flow simultaneously, and the change of these flow fields makes near the stake silt volume of transporting increase, triggers to erode. With the development of the underflow undercutting action, the erosion pit is gradually deepened, so that the stability of the offshore wind turbine is continuously reduced, the instability and collapse of the wind turbine can be seriously caused, and the great loss is caused.
The solidified soil has high cohesive force index, strong anti-scouring capability and good fitting property with a pile foundation, and the boundary can form a gentle slope after solidification and forming, so that scouring start is not easy to generate, the structural integrity is good, construction is convenient and efficient, and the like, and the solidified soil is gradually used for scouring protection to the seabed.
However, the anti-scouring technology of the high-water-content solidified soil is still in a starting stage, and a great research and expansion space still exists for the solidification mechanism of the high-water-content solidified soil in a water environment, the self-flowing state of the high-water-content solidified soil under the condition of flowing water, the anti-scouring mechanism and effect of the high-water-content solidified soil under the action of turbulence around a pile and the like.
Therefore, in order to further explore the process of self-flow solidification of the high-water-content solidified soil under the action of ocean currents, reveal the anti-scouring mechanism, the anti-scouring mode and the anti-scouring effect of the solidified soil, and quantify the scouring loss condition of the solidified soil in the pouring and solidifying processes, an experimental method and a device for simulating the scouring of the solidified soil are needed.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention provides a test method for simulating erosion of solidified soil in the construction process of an offshore wind power pile, aiming at solving the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a test method for simulating erosion of solidified soil in the construction process of an offshore wind power pile comprises the following steps:
1) simulating self-flowing filling of the solidified soil slurry:
setting three same simulation boxes with flushing pits, connecting a water inlet pipeline and a water outlet pipeline on each simulation box, fixing three simulation piles in the flushing pits of the three simulation boxes, adjusting the water flow velocity in the three water inlet pipelines to be within 0.5-1.5m/s and entering each simulation box at the same velocity, extending three pouring pipes into the three simulation boxes, and correspondingly pouring solidified soil slurry into the three flushing pits simultaneously so that the solidified soil slurry can level and flush the pits under the condition of flowing water; pouring is stopped after the solidified soil slurry is leveled and flushed into the pit, the pouring pipes are drawn out, and the loss rate of the solidified soil slurry in the pouring process is calculated according to the total amount of the solidified soil slurry poured into the three pouring pipes;
2) and (3) completing pit filling of the solidified soil slurry to the scouring simulation in the solidification process:
the solidified soil slurry is leveled and flushed at the same water flow speed, the flushing is continued, after the time is counted for 2 hours from the time when the solidified soil slurry is poured, the water flow speed in one water inlet pipeline is kept unchanged, meanwhile, the water flow speeds in the other two water inlet pipelines are adjusted to respectively enter corresponding simulation boxes at the speed ranges of 1.6-2.0m/s and 2.1-3.5m/s, the solidified soil slurry in the solidification process in the three simulation boxes is continuously flushed for 4 hours, and the first period from the time when the solidified soil slurry is poured is 6 hours; repeatedly scouring for 2 periods for 12 hours according to the same scouring mode in the first period, simultaneously closing the three water inlet pipelines, reading the scouring depth of the solidified soil after solidification and forming according to the scale on each simulation pile, taking out the solidified soil after solidification and forming in the three simulation boxes, wiping the surface with a dry towel, measuring the volume of the taken-out solidified soil by a drainage method, and calculating the loss rate in the solidification process;
3) and (3) simulating the scouring of the solidified soil after solidification and forming:
placing the formed solidified soil measured in the step 2) in the original corresponding simulation box again, opening the three water inlet pipelines, adjusting the water flow rates in the three water inlet pipelines to respectively reach the upper limit of the water flow rate of each simulation box in the step 2), namely 1.5m/s, 2.0m/s and 3.5m/s, and keeping the formed solidified soil continuously washed for 27 days and 6 hours, namely 28 days from the pouring of the solidified soil slurry; then adjusting the water flow rates of the three water inlet pipelines to reach 2 times of the flow rate of the raw water respectively, namely 3.0m/s, 4.0m/s and 7.0m/s, keeping the adjusted water flow rates to continuously wash the formed solidified soil for 28 days, and finishing the washing simulation of the solidified soil after solidification and forming; and simultaneously closing the three water inlet pipelines, reading the scouring depth of the solidified soil again, taking out the formed solidified soil, measuring the volume of the residual solidified soil, and calculating the loss rate after curing and forming.
Furthermore, a constructed offshore wind power pile foundation is scanned and modeled on site through a multi-beam sounding system, and a pit punching depth for simulation is obtained through a 3D printing technology according to the established model, wherein the pit punching depth is 0-0.6 m, and the pit punching range is 0-4 m.
Further, be equipped with the PVC board in the simulation case, be equipped with the recess of undercut on the PVC board, the recess prints the shaping through 3D, the recess forms towards the hole, puts at the central point of recess and is equipped with the through-hole, bonds on the bottom surface of PVC board and has the connection cap, is equipped with the screw on the connection cap, the screw with the through-hole is coaxial and link up.
Furthermore, a mounting seat is fixed in the simulation box, a connecting cap is in threaded connection with the mounting seat, and the simulation pile is fixed in the mounting seat.
Furthermore, the diameter of the simulation pile is 0.6 m, and height scale marks for reading the scouring depth of the solidified soil are marked on the simulation pile.
Furthermore, the mounting seat comprises a base, a locking nut, a fixing sleeve and a fastening screw, a mounting hole is formed in the bottom surface of the simulation box, the base is inserted into the mounting hole, a sealing ring is arranged between the base and the mounting hole, and the locking nut is in threaded connection with the base and fastens the base on the simulation box; the simulation pile is inserted into the fixed sleeve, step surfaces are arranged on the outer wall of the simulation pile and the inner wall of the fixed sleeve, and a sealing ring is arranged between the two step surfaces; the fastening screw is in threaded connection with the fixing sleeve, penetrates through the fixing sleeve and abuts against the simulation pile, and a sealing ring is arranged between the fastening screw and the fixing sleeve.
Furthermore, a positioning column is arranged in the simulation box, the cross section of the positioning column is square, and a rectangular positioning hole matched with the positioning column is formed in the base; and a liquid discharge pipe is arranged on the bottom surface of the simulation box.
Furthermore, the width of the water inlet pipeline is consistent with that of the simulation box, the height of the inner bottom surface of the water inlet pipeline is flush with the height of the outer edge of the PVC plate, the width is consistent so as to ensure that the speed of water flowing into the simulation box in the water inlet pipe is consistent with the flow speed measured by the flow meter, and the height is flush so as to avoid the influence caused by high fall in the water flowing process.
Furthermore, the water inlet pipeline is provided with a regulating valve and a flow meter.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention can perform experimental simulation on the forming and curing process of the solidified soil, provide visual data of the whole process of the undersea pouring and curing of the solidified soil, and simulate the mechanism that the solidified soil forms a protective structure around the pile under the condition of running water; simulating the scouring condition of the solidified soil under the action of various flow velocities; and simulating the scouring depth and the loss rate of the solidified soil protective layer under the action of long-term water flow.
2) According to the invention, through simulation of the pouring, curing and long-term scouring processes of the solidified soil, the scouring depth and the erosion rate of the solidified soil at each stage can be visually and quantitatively evaluated, and the components and the preparation process of the solidified soil are pertinently adjusted on the basis of the scouring depth and the erosion rate, so that the material performance is improved, the scouring loss of the solidified soil at each stage is reduced, and a guiding effect is played on the actual construction operation;
3) the device has a simple structure, can realize the simulation of the scouring process of the solidified soil in the construction process of the offshore wind power pile, has an intuitive process, can directly take out the formed solidified soil for measurement during data measurement, and has more accurate data measurement;
4) when the formed solidified soil is taken out, the solidified soil is taken out together with the simulation pile, the simulation pile and the solidified soil are not separated all the time in the whole process, and when the solidified soil is put into the simulation box again, the position of the solidified soil is kept unchanged, so that the consistency of experimental data is kept;
5) the pit punching is carried out on-site scanning and modeling according to a multi-beam sounding system, and then 3D printing forming is carried out, so that the simulated environment is closer to the actual construction working condition, and the simulation has higher referential property.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 and 4 are installation structure diagrams of the simulation pile in the simulation box.
Fig. 5 is a modeling diagram of a multi-beam sounding system after a single-pile foundation pile is sunk and swept on site and washed by seawater.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As the actual offshore water flow has different flow velocities in the vertical direction, the seabed layer flow velocity is influenced by tidal current and swell, and all flow velocity sections account for the annual statistics, taking the Jianghu Zhejiang area as an example, according to the hydrological tidal current statistics of coastal areas, Dafeng areas, Sheng areas, east sea and other sea areas, the seabed layer flow velocity accounts for 70 percent, 20 percent and not more than 10 percent in the ratio of 0.5-1.5m/s, 1.5-2.0m/s and 2.0-3.5 m/s. Therefore, the simulation method of the present invention sets the working conditions of the three flow rate intervals, so as to obtain the scouring process closer to the natural environment, and the following describes the simulation method of the present invention in detail.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the test method for simulating erosion of solidified soil in the construction process of the offshore wind power pile, provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
1) simulating self-flowing filling of the solidified soil slurry:
setting three same simulation boxes with flushing pits, connecting a water inlet pipeline and a water outlet pipeline on each simulation box, fixing three simulation piles in the flushing pits of the three simulation boxes, adjusting the water flow velocity in the three water inlet pipelines to be within 0.5-1.5m/s and entering each simulation box at the same velocity, extending three pouring pipes into the three simulation boxes, and correspondingly pouring solidified soil slurry into the three flushing pits simultaneously so that the solidified soil slurry can level and flush the pits under the condition of flowing water; and stopping pouring after the solidified soil slurry is leveled and flushed into the pit, drawing out the pouring pipes, and calculating the loss rate of the solidified soil slurry in the pouring process according to the total amount of the solidified soil slurry poured into the three pouring pipes.
Loss rate L in the casting process1The calculation formula is as follows: total volume V of solidified soil poured by three pouring pipes1The volume V of the simulated erosion pit in each simulation box0And the loss rate L in the casting process1=（V1-3V0）/V1。
The process is mainly used for simulating the effect of leveling and pit flushing of the solidified soil slurry under the condition of flowing water, namely, the solidified soil slurry levels and flushes the pit under the condition of flowing water and forms a stable protective layer.
During actual construction, in order to ensure safety, a calm period is selected for construction, and the sea current tends to be smooth, so that the water flow rate in the process is controlled within the speed range of 0.5-1.5 m/s.
2) And (3) completing pit filling of the solidified soil slurry to the scouring simulation in the solidification process:
the solidified soil slurry is leveled and flushed at the same water flow speed, the flushing is continued, after the time is counted for 2 hours from the time when the solidified soil slurry is poured, the water flow speed in one water inlet pipeline is kept unchanged, meanwhile, the water flow speeds in the other two water inlet pipelines are adjusted to respectively enter corresponding simulation boxes at the speed ranges of 1.6-2.0m/s and 2.1-3.5m/s, the solidified soil slurry in the solidification process in the three simulation boxes is continuously flushed for 4 hours, and the first period from the time when the solidified soil slurry is poured is 6 hours.
And performing second flushing according to a flushing mode of a first period, namely, in the first two hours, the water flow rates of the three water pipes are the same as those in the step 1), namely, the water flow rates are within 0.5-1.5m/s and enter each simulation box at the same speed. And keeping the water flow rate of the same water pipe unchanged in the first period for the last four hours, and then adjusting the water flow rates of the other two water pipes to be within 1.6-2.0m/s and 2.1-3.5m/s correspondingly to form a second period.
The third cycle has the same flushing mode as the second cycle, and the time interval among the first cycle, the Tuesday cycle and the third cycle is within 5 minutes.
After the three periods of scouring are carried out for 18 hours, the three water inlet pipelines are closed simultaneously, the scouring depth of the solidified soil after solidification and forming is read according to the scales on each simulation pile, then the solidified soil after solidification and forming in the three simulation boxes is taken out, the surface of the solidified soil is wiped dry by using a dry towel, the volume of the taken-out solidified soil is measured by a drainage method, and the loss rate in the solidification process is calculated.
Run-off L during curing21、L22、L23The calculation formula is as follows: respectively measuring the volume V of the solidified soil taken out from the three simulation boxes in the step 2 by a drainage method21、V22、V23The loss rate L in the curing process21=（V0-V21）/V0，L22=（V0-V22）/V0，L23=（V0-V23）/V0。
The process always keeps the water flow velocity in the same water inlet pipeline unchanged, and is used for continuously simulating the simulation from the backfill of the solidified soil slurry to the hardening process under the working condition of small fluctuation of the flow velocity after the pouring of the solidified soil slurry is finished in the environment of the flat tide.
In addition, the process is used for simulating the process from backfill to hardening of the solidified soil slurry in a severe environment after the pouring of the solidified soil slurry is finished by adjusting the water flow rates of the other two water pipes.
Taking the coastal and large wind field sea area of Jiangsu as an example, 4 rising and falling tides exist within 24 hours, and each rising and falling tide has a flat tide period of about 2 hours. During one tide rising and falling process, the tide rising and falling are divided into tide rising, tide leveling and tide falling, and the tide rising and the tide falling can cause the change of the flow velocity. Therefore, in the scouring simulation process from the completion of the pit filling of the solidified soil slurry to the solidification process, when two water inlet pipelines with the flow rates of 1.6-2.0m/s and 2.1-3.5m/s are subjected to scouring simulation, the regulating valves 91 on the two pipelines can be regulated to change the flow rates, so that the flow rates of the two water inlet pipelines are prevented from always entering the simulation box at a fixed flow rate, the state simulation of the solidified soil slurry after the pit filling is realized by the change of the tidal flow rate, the time kept after one flow is regulated is 6 hours, and the total simulation time is kept for 18 hours.
According to the experience of similar engineering, the solidified soil slurry can resist the water flow scouring of 4m/s after being backfilled for 7 hours, but the solidified soil slurry is still in a viscous state, the solidified soil slurry is gradually solidified and molded after being backfilled for 10 hours, the process keeps continuous scouring for 18 hours to ensure the test effect, and then the scouring simulation of the solidified soil slurry in the whole process from filling to solidification can be simulated.
3) And (3) simulating the scouring of the solidified soil after solidification and forming:
placing the formed solidified soil measured in the step 2) in the original corresponding simulation box again, opening the three water inlet pipelines, adjusting the water flow rates in the three water inlet pipelines to respectively reach the upper limit of the water flow rate of each simulation box in the step 2), namely 1.5m/s, 2.0m/s and 3.5m/s, and keeping the formed solidified soil continuously washed for 27 days and 6 hours, namely 28 days from the pouring of the solidified soil slurry; then adjusting the water flow rates of the three water inlet pipelines to reach 2 times of the flow rate of the raw water respectively, namely 3.0m/s, 4.0m/s and 7.0m/s, keeping the adjusted water flow rates to continuously wash the formed solidified soil for 28 days, and finishing the washing simulation of the solidified soil after solidification and forming; and simultaneously closing the three water inlet pipelines, reading the scouring depth of the solidified soil again, taking out the formed solidified soil, measuring the volume of the residual solidified soil, and calculating the loss rate after curing and forming.
Loss rate L after curing and molding31、L32、L33The calculation formula is as follows: respectively measuring the volume V of the solidified soil taken out from the three simulation boxes in the step 3 by a drainage method31、V32、V33The loss rate L in the curing process31=（V21-V31）/V21，L32=（V22-V32）/V22，L33=（V23-V33）/V23。
The process is used for simulating the scouring of the solidified soil after the solidified soil is solidified and formed, the solidified soil has the plate-like property after being solidified and formed, has certain strength and can resist the scouring of water flow, and the process only needs to consider the influence of long-term water flow scouring. Therefore, different flow rates are adjusted in the process so as to simulate the scouring influence on the solidified soil under different working conditions in the calm period and the surge period.
In order to realize the simulation test of the invention, the invention provides a test device for the cooperation test, and the test device is described in detail in combination with the simulation process.
The simulation box 1 is a rectangular transparent box body, and the transparent box body is convenient for observing the condition that the solidified soil slurry flows and washes pits smoothly under the condition of flowing water. The simulation box 1 is provided with a water inlet pipeline 2 and a water outlet pipeline 3, and the water inlet pipeline 2 is provided with a regulating valve 91 and a flow meter 92. The width of the water inlet pipeline 2 is consistent with that of the simulation box 1, the height of the bottom surface in the water inlet pipeline 2 is flush with the height of the outer edge of the PVC plate 11, the width is consistent so as to ensure that the water flow speed flowing into the simulation box 1 in the water inlet pipeline 2 is consistent with the flow speed measured by the flow meter 92, and the height is flush so as to avoid the influence caused by high fall in the water flow process.
Be equipped with PVC board 11 in simulation case 1, be equipped with undercut's recess 10 on PVC board 11, recess 10 forms and dashes the hole, puts at the central point of recess 10 and is equipped with the through-hole, bonds on the bottom surface of PVC board 11 and has connected cap 12, is equipped with the screw on connecting cap 12, the screw with the through-hole is coaxial and link up.
And (2) carrying out field scanning and modeling on the constructed offshore wind power pile according to a multi-beam sounding system (fig. 5 is a modeling diagram obtained after the pile sinking of a single-pile foundation is washed by seawater), establishing a model base, selecting a certain model according to the model base, and obtaining a pit (namely a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) plate with a groove 10) for simulation through a 3D (three-dimensional) printing technology. The pit-punching scanned on the spot by the multi-beam sounding system is similar to a cone, the depth is 0-7m, and the diameter is 0-28 m.
In order to facilitate the test simulation, the depth of the pit is 0-0.6 m, the range of the pit is 0-4 m, and the diameter of the simulation pile 5 is 0.6 m. Under the condition that the depth is 0m, a punching pit is not arranged, a round hole is directly arranged on the PVC plate 11, and the simulation pile is directly inserted into the round hole. During actual construction, the working condition that the pile sinking of the wind power pile is just finished and obvious scouring does not occur exists.
A mounting base 13 is fixed in the simulation box 1, a connecting cap 12 is screwed with the mounting base 13, and the simulation pile 5 is fixed in the mounting base 13.
The mounting base 13 of the present invention comprises a base 131, a lock nut 132, a fixing sleeve 133 and a fastening screw 134, wherein a mounting hole is formed on the bottom surface of the simulation box 1, the base 131 is inserted into the mounting hole, a sealing ring is arranged between the base 131 and the mounting hole, and the lock nut 132 is screwed on the base 131 and fastens the base 131 on the simulation box 1. The fixing sleeve 133 is fixed on the base 131, the connecting cap 12 is in threaded connection with the fixing sleeve 133, and the simulation pile 5 is inserted into the fixing sleeve 133.
In order to prevent liquid from entering the fixing sleeve 133, step surfaces are arranged on the outer wall of the simulation pile 5 and the inner wall of the fixing sleeve 133, and a sealing ring is arranged between the two step surfaces.
In order to fix the simulation pile 5 in the fixing sleeve 133, the fastening screw 134 is screwed to the fixing sleeve 133, the fastening screw 134 passes through the fixing sleeve 133 and abuts against the simulation pile 5, and a seal ring is provided between the fastening screw 134 and the fixing sleeve 133.
And marking a height scale for reading the scouring depth of the solidified soil on the simulation pile 5. The scouring depth is the height difference between the upper surface of the mud around the pile after the solidified soil is scoured and the surface of the mud when the scouring pit is filled, scales on the simulation pile are read, and 4 points are measured at intervals of 90 degrees along the periphery of the pile to obtain an average value.
In the simulation process, when the molded solidified soil needs to be taken out for measuring the volume, the water inlet pipeline 2 and the water outlet pipeline 3 are closed, and the liquid in the simulation box 1 is emptied. The lock nut 132 is loosened, the molded and solidified soil, the dummy pile 5, the mount base 13, and the PVC plate 11 are removed as a whole, and then volume measurement (drainage measurement) is performed after the surface is wiped dry. The structure between the simulation pile 5 and the fixed sleeve 133 is sealed, so that the influence of accumulated water on the measurement result is avoided.
After the volume measurement is completed, the formed solidified soil, the simulation pile 5, the mounting seat 13 and the PVC plate 11 are integrally put into the simulation box 1 again, and then the water inlet pipeline 2 and the water outlet pipeline 3 are opened again to continue the simulation experiment.
In order to ensure that the taking-out and replacing positions of the formed solidified soil are consistent, a positioning column 15 is arranged in the simulation box 1, the cross section of the positioning column 15 is square, a rectangular positioning hole matched with the positioning column 15 is formed in the base 131, and the taking-out and replacing positions of the formed solidified soil are consistent through the mutual matching of the positioning column 15 and the rectangular positioning hole.
In order to facilitate the evacuation of the liquid in the simulation tank 1, a drain pipe 14 is provided on the bottom surface of the simulation tank 1.
The invention can perform experimental simulation on the forming and curing process of the solidified soil, provide visual data of the whole process of the undersea pouring and curing of the solidified soil, and simulate the mechanism that the solidified soil forms a protective structure around the pile under the condition of running water; simulating the scouring condition of the solidified soil under the action of various flow velocities; and simulating the scouring depth and the loss rate of the solidified soil protective layer under the action of long-term water flow.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of this invention and it should be noted that modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention and these modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A test method for simulating erosion of solidified soil in the construction process of an offshore wind power pile is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) simulating self-flowing filling of the solidified soil slurry:
setting three same simulation boxes with the same pit, connecting a water inlet pipeline and a water outlet pipeline on each simulation box, fixing three simulation piles in the pits of the three simulation boxes, adjusting the water flow velocity in the three water inlet pipelines to be within 0.5-1.5m/s and entering each simulation box at the same velocity, extending three pouring pipes into the three simulation boxes, and correspondingly pouring the solidified soil slurry into the three pits simultaneously so that the solidified soil slurry can level and flush the pits under the condition of flowing water; pouring is stopped after the solidified soil slurry is leveled and flushed into the pit, the pouring pipes are drawn out, and the loss rate of the solidified soil slurry in the pouring process is calculated according to the total amount of the solidified soil slurry poured into the three pouring pipes;
loss rate L in the casting process1The calculation formula is as follows: total volume V of solidified soil poured by three pouring pipes1The volume V of the simulated erosion pit in each simulation box0And the loss rate L in the casting process1=（V1-3V0）/V1；
2) And (3) completing pit filling of the solidified soil slurry to the scouring simulation in the solidification process:
the solidified soil slurry is leveled and flushed at the same water flow speed, the flushing is continued, after the time is counted for 2 hours from the time when the solidified soil slurry is poured, the water flow speed in one water inlet pipeline is kept unchanged, meanwhile, the water flow speeds in the other two water inlet pipelines are adjusted to respectively enter corresponding simulation boxes at the speed ranges of 1.6-2.0m/s and 2.1-3.5m/s, the solidified soil slurry in the solidification process in the three simulation boxes is continuously flushed for 4 hours, and the first period from the time when the solidified soil slurry is poured is 6 hours; repeatedly scouring for 2 periods for 12 hours according to the same scouring mode in the first period, simultaneously closing the three water inlet pipelines, reading the scouring depth of the solidified soil after solidification and forming according to the scale on each simulation pile, taking out the solidified soil formed in the three simulation boxes, wiping the surface with a dry towel, measuring the volume of the taken-out solidified soil by a drainage method, and calculating the loss rate in the solidification process;
run-off L during curing21、L22、L23The calculation formula is as follows:respectively measuring the volume V of the solidified soil taken out from the three simulation boxes in the step 2) by a drainage method21、V22、V23The loss rate L in the curing process21=（V0-V21）/V0，L22=（V0-V22）/V0，L23=（V0-V23）/V0；
3) And (3) simulating the scouring of the formed solidified soil:
placing the formed solidified soil measured in the step 2) in the original corresponding simulation box again, opening the three water inlet pipelines, adjusting the water flow rates in the three water inlet pipelines to respectively reach the upper limit of the water flow rate of each simulation box in the step 2), namely 1.5m/s, 2.0m/s and 3.5m/s, and keeping the formed solidified soil continuously washed for 27 days and 6 hours, namely 28 days from the pouring of the solidified soil slurry; then adjusting the water flow rates of the three water inlet pipelines to reach 2 times of the flow rate of the raw water respectively, namely 3.0m/s, 4.0m/s and 7.0m/s, keeping the adjusted water flow rates to continuously wash the formed solidified soil for 28 days, and finishing the washing simulation of the solidified soil after solidification and forming; simultaneously closing the three water inlet pipelines, reading the scouring depth of the solidified soil again, taking out the formed solidified soil, measuring the volume of the residual solidified soil, and calculating the loss rate after curing and forming;
loss rate L after curing and molding31、L32、L33The calculation formula is as follows: respectively measuring the volume V of the solidified soil taken out from the three simulation boxes in the step 3) by a drainage method31、V32、V33The loss rate L in the curing process31=（V21-V31）/V21，L32=（V22-V32）/V22，L33=（V23-V33）/V23。
2. The test method for simulating erosion of the solidified soil in the construction process of the offshore wind power pile according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) carrying out field scanning and modeling on the constructed offshore wind power pile foundation through a multi-beam sounding system, and obtaining a pit punching depth of 0-0.6 m and a pit punching range of 0-4 m for simulation through a 3D printing technology according to the established model.
3. The test method for simulating erosion of the solidified soil in the construction process of the offshore wind power pile according to claim 1, wherein: be equipped with PVC board (11) in simulation case (1), be equipped with undercut recess (10) on PVC board (11), recess (10) are printed the shaping through 3D, recess (10) form towards the hole, put at the central point of recess (10) and are equipped with the through-hole, and it has connection cap (12) to bond on the bottom surface of PVC board (11), is equipped with the screw on connection cap (12), the screw with the through-hole is coaxial and link up.
4. The test method for simulating erosion of the solidified soil in the construction process of the offshore wind power pile according to claim 3, wherein: the simulation box (1) is internally provided with an installation seat (13), a connecting cap (12) is in threaded connection with the installation seat (13), and the simulation pile (5) is fixed in the installation seat (13).
5. The test method for simulating erosion of the solidified soil in the construction process of the offshore wind power pile according to claim 4, wherein: the diameter of the simulation pile (5) is 0.6 m, and height scale marks for reading the scouring depth of the solidified soil are marked on the simulation pile (5).
6. The test method for simulating erosion of the solidified soil in the construction process of the offshore wind power pile according to claim 4, wherein: the mounting seat (13) comprises a base (131), a locking nut (132), a fixing sleeve (133) and a fastening screw (134), a mounting hole is formed in the bottom surface of the simulation box (1), the base (131) is inserted in the mounting hole, a sealing ring is arranged between the base (131) and the mounting hole, and the locking nut (132) is in threaded connection with the base (131) and fastens the base (131) on the simulation box (1); the simulation pile is characterized in that the fixed sleeve (133) is fixed on the base (131), the connecting cap (12) is in threaded connection with the fixed sleeve (133), the simulation pile (5) is inserted into the fixed sleeve (133), step surfaces are arranged on the outer wall of the simulation pile (5) and the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (133), and a sealing ring is arranged between the two step surfaces; the fastening screw (134) is in threaded connection with the fixing sleeve (133), the fastening screw (134) penetrates through the fixing sleeve (133) and abuts against the simulation pile (5), and a sealing ring is arranged between the fastening screw (134) and the fixing sleeve (133).
7. The test method for simulating erosion of the solidified soil in the construction process of the offshore wind power pile according to claim 6, wherein: a positioning column (15) is arranged in the simulation box (1), the cross section of the positioning column (15) is square, and a rectangular positioning hole matched with the positioning column (15) is formed in the base (131); a liquid discharge pipe (14) is arranged on the bottom surface of the simulation box (1).
8. The test method for simulating erosion of the solidified soil in the construction process of the offshore wind power pile according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the water inlet pipeline (2) is consistent with that of the simulation box (1), and the height of the bottom surface in the water inlet pipeline (2) is flush with that of the outer edge of the PVC plate (11).
9. The test method for simulating erosion of the solidified soil in the construction process of the offshore wind power pile according to claim 8, wherein: and the water inlet pipeline (2) is provided with a regulating valve (91) and a flowmeter (92).
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