CN113699889A - Construction method for erecting main cable strand in space of three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge - Google Patents
Construction method for erecting main cable strand in space of three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
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Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method for erecting a main cable strand in a three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge space. The method comprises the following steps: step one, arranging a traction circulating system on a bridge deck of a beam section; secondly, the main cable is hung on the passive cable releasing mechanism, the main cable strand is connected with a dragging device, and the main cable is made to advance along the catwalk direction by a traction circulating system to complete strand traction; lifting and transversely moving the cable strand, shaping the cable strand and then placing the cable strand into a saddle; after finishing shaping and saddle-entering of the cable strand, respectively pulling anchor heads on two sides towards the directions of the anchor and the anchor cable pipe by using a winch and a pulley block, wherein the anchor heads penetrate through the corresponding anchor cable pipe and are temporarily anchored on the rear anchor surface by using nuts so that the anchor heads enter the anchor; fifthly, adjusting the sag of the reference cable strand and the cable strand; and step six, tightening the cable of the cable strand. This application can control three towers from anchor suspension bridge space main push-towing rope, has improved main push-towing rope and has erect efficiency and accurate nature, and two main push-towing rope strands erect and can accomplish through pulling circulation system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction method for erecting a main cable strand in a three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge space, belonging to the technical field of suspension bridge construction.
Background
The three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge is different from the traditional two-tower suspension bridge in structure form, and although the bridge is mainly formed by suspension cables, the three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge has one more main span compared with the two-tower suspension bridge, so that the requirements for structural characteristic indexes and the like are different from those of the traditional two-tower suspension bridge.
The structural design of the three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge is carried out on the principle that the optimal rigidity of the middle tower, the deflection generated in the main span and the safety coefficient when the main cable on the middle tower slides are all within the allowable value range. Therefore, in the erection construction of the main cable, the arrangement of the traction system, the erection accuracy of the main cable strands, the tension uniformity of each strand, and the treatment of the space cable are important points in the construction control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a construction method for erecting main cable strands in a three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge space, which can control the main cable in the three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge space, improve the erecting efficiency and accuracy of the main cable and ensure the tension consistency of all the cable strands.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a construction method for erecting a main cable strand in a space of a three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging a traction circulating system on a bridge deck of a beam section;
the traction circulation system comprises two main traction winches, a passive cable releasing mechanism and a steering pulley block, wherein the two main traction winches are arranged on one side of a bridge deck of a beam section, a cable releasing area is arranged on the other side of the bridge deck of the beam section, the cable releasing area is provided with the passive cable releasing mechanism for releasing a main cable, the passive cable releasing mechanism is connected with the passive cable releasing winch, and the passive cable releasing winch drives the passive cable releasing mechanism to move to a specified position; the cable releasing area is provided with a steering pulley block;
secondly, hoisting the main cable strand on the passive cable releasing mechanism, respectively installing dragging devices at anchor heads, connecting the main cable strand with the dragging devices, enabling the main cable to advance along the catwalk direction through a traction circulating system, and respectively introducing anchor spindles into the two anchor heads to finish cable strand traction;
step three, installing a cable strand lifting system, lifting and transversely moving the cable strand, shaping the cable strand and then placing the cable strand into a saddle;
after finishing shaping and saddle-entering of the cable strand, respectively pulling anchor heads on two sides towards the directions of the anchor and the anchor cable pipe by using a winch and a pulley block, wherein the anchor heads penetrate through the corresponding anchor cable pipe and are temporarily anchored on the rear anchor surface by using nuts so that the anchor heads enter the anchor;
fifthly, adjusting the sag of the reference cable strand and the cable strand;
step six, tightening the cable;
step seven, detecting the line shape, the void ratio and the out-of-roundness of the main cable;
in the second step, a traction rope on the main traction winch is fixedly connected with the puller, the other traction rope on the main traction winch is reversed through the steering pulley block and fixedly connected with the puller, the main traction winch emits the corresponding traction rope, and the other main traction winch winds the corresponding traction rope to drive the puller and the main cable to be pulled to the other side of the bridge floor of the beam section through the cable releasing area.
The passive cable releasing mechanism comprises a cable releasing frame, a rotary bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the cable releasing frame, a trolley is arranged below the rotary bottom plate, and the rotary bottom plate can rotate along the center of the trolley to drive the cable releasing frame to rotate synchronously.
A plurality of rollers are circumferentially and uniformly arranged at intervals at the bottom of the rotary bottom plate, annular grooves are formed in the top of the trolley, and the rollers are respectively arranged in the annular grooves.
The trolley comprises a trolley frame, and a plurality of universal wheels are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the trolley frame.
The drawing device comprises a drawing support, the bottom of the drawing support is provided with a drawing hole, and the drawing hole is fixedly connected with the main cable; the top of the dragging support is hinged to the rotating frame through a second rotating shaft, two rope clamping plates are arranged on the rotating frame and are arranged on the same straight line, and the rope clamping plates are fixedly connected with corresponding traction ropes on the main traction winch.
And in the third step, the cable strands are lifted and dragged in a matching way through the tower top winch and the multi-door pulley, so that the preformed cable strands enter the corresponding saddle grooves, and the main cable strands are wedged and fixed in the saddle grooves by beating a batten.
And during the sag adjustment of the reference cable strand in the fifth step, accurately measuring the linear shape of the reference cable strand by using a total station under the condition of stable temperature at night according to the linear data of the main cable strand, calculating the cable strand adjustment amount of the main cable strand saddle, the cable strand scattering sleeve and the anchoring point of the side tower after temperature correction, and adjusting and erecting the subsequent common cable strand sag adjustment by referring to the adjusted reference cable strand.
In the sixth step, pre-tightening cables are carried out on the erected main cables, so that the main cables are close to a round shape; and then, formally tightening the cable by using a cable tightening machine to ensure that the diameter of the main cable is reduced.
Measuring the space main cable linearity in the seventh step by adopting an absolute elevation method; the void ratio of the main cable clamp part after cable tightening is 18 +/-2%, and the void ratio of the main cable clamp outer part is 20 +/-2%; the difference between the transverse diameter and the vertical diameter of the main cable after the cable is tightened is not more than +/-2% of the designed diameter of the main cable.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: one kind adopts a large-circulation reciprocating type traction system,
(1) the same circulating traction system is adopted for erecting two main cable strands, so that the equipment investment cost is saved;
(2) a bearing rope and a gantry are omitted in the circulating traction system, the traction force of the winch during retraction is adjusted, the height of the anchor head of the main cable on the catwalk roller is controlled, and meanwhile, the traction speed of the main cable and the tower passing time are improved.
(3) By adopting the passive cable releasing mechanism, the erection quality of the main cable strand is improved, and the adverse effects of wire bulging, wire scattering, twisting and the like are reduced.
(4) The main cable strand is prefabricated into the quadrangle by the hexagon to main cable saddle position department in the mill, keeps the strand to go into the saddle shape, improves and goes into saddle efficiency.
(5) After the reference cable strand is pulled into the saddle, the positions of three main cable saddles, two scattered cable sleeves and two anchoring points on the three towers are combined, the mid-span elevation of the reference cable strand is repeatedly observed and adjusted under the condition of constant temperature at night, the precision requirement for erecting the reference cable strand by monitoring instructions and specifications is met and stabilized, the common cable strand is erected on the basis, and the final main cable is ensured to be linear until the final bridge formation linear meets the design requirement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a construction method for erecting a main cable strand in a space of a three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a traction cycle system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the passive payout mechanism of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the drawer of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4;
in the figure, 1 passive cable releasing mechanism, 1.1 cable releasing frame, 1.2 cable body protecting layer, 1.3 first rotating shaft, 1.4 rotary bottom plate, 1.5 idler wheel, 1.6 frame, 1.7 universal wheel, 2 passive cable releasing winch, 3 steering pulley block, 4 main cable, 5 traction rope, 6 main traction winch, 7 dragging device, 7.1 dragging support, 7.2 dragging hole, 7.3 second rotating shaft, 7.4 rotating frame and 7.5 cable clamping plate.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, a construction method for erecting a main cable strand in a space of a three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge includes the following steps:
step one, construction preparation: and a traction circulating system is arranged on the bridge deck of the beam section. As shown in fig. 2, the traction circulation system includes two main traction winches 6 (one main traction winch 6 is used for correspondingly paying out the traction rope, the other main traction winch 6 is used for winding the corresponding traction rope), a passive cable paying-off mechanism 1 and a steering pulley block 3, wherein the two main traction winches 6 are both arranged at the north side of the beam section bridge floor, a cable paying-off area is arranged at the south side of the beam section bridge floor, the passive cable paying-off mechanism 1 is arranged at the cable paying-off area and used for winding the main cable 4, the passive cable paying-off mechanism 1 is connected with the passive cable paying-off winch 2, the passive cable paying-off winch 2 drives the passive cable paying-off mechanism 1 to move to a specified position, and the steering pulley block 3 is arranged at the south side of the beam section bridge floor.
As shown in fig. 3, the passive cable releasing mechanism 1 includes a cable releasing frame 1.1, the cable releasing frame 1.1 is fixed on a revolving bottom plate 1.4, a trolley is arranged below the revolving bottom plate 1.4, and the center of the revolving bottom plate 1.4 is connected with the center of the trolley through a first rotating shaft 1.3, so that the revolving bottom plate 1.4 can rotate around the first rotating shaft 1.3 to drive the cable releasing frame 1.1 to rotate synchronously. A plurality of idler wheels 1.5 are circumferentially and uniformly arranged at the bottom of the rotary bottom plate 1.4 at intervals, an annular groove is formed in the top of the trolley, and the idler wheels 1.5 are respectively arranged in the annular groove and have a guiding effect on the rotation of the rotary bottom plate 1.4.
The dolly includes frame 1.6, and frame 1.6 bottom symmetry is equipped with a plurality of universal wheels 1.7, the dolly of being convenient for removes.
The outer wall of the cable releasing frame 1.1 is provided with a cable body protective layer 1.2, and the cable body protective layer 1.2 is in contact with the main cable strand to protect the cable strand.
The passive cable releasing mechanism 1 is adopted in the traction process, so that the cable strands always keep certain reverse tension, the adverse phenomena of hula hoop and the like caused by the rotation inertia of the cable disc are overcome, the cable strands on the cable disc are prevented from loosening, drooping and wearing to cause loose wires, and the erection quality of the main cable strands is improved.
And secondly, hoisting the cable strands on the cable placing frame 1.1, respectively installing dragging devices 7 at the anchor heads, connecting the cable strands with the dragging devices, driving a traction circulating system to enable the main cable to move forward along the catwalk direction, respectively introducing anchor ingots into the two anchor heads, and finishing cable strand traction.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the drawing device 7 includes a drawing support 7.1, a drawing hole 7.2 is formed at the bottom of the drawing support 7.1, and the drawing hole 7.2 is fixedly connected with the head of the main cable 4 through a steel wire rope. The top of the dragging support 7.1 is hinged with the rotating frame 7.4 through a second rotating shaft 7.3, two rope clamping plates 7.5 are arranged on the rotating frame 7.4, the two rope clamping plates 7.5 are arranged on the same straight line, and the two rope clamping plates 7.5 are fixedly connected with corresponding traction ropes. One traction rope on the puller 7 is used for erecting a main cable strand and supporting a cable strand anchor head and other lifting, and the other traction rope on the puller 7 is used for slow transmission, so that the traction rope is used for bearing the weight of the main cable strand during erection and ensuring the stable advance of the main cable strand in the traction process.
The traction rope on a main traction winch 6 positioned on the north side of the beam section bridge reaches the south side of the beam section bridge after penetrating through a catwalk, is reversed after passing through a steering pulley block 3 and is fixedly connected with a dragging device 7, and is wound by another main traction winch 6, so that the dragging device positioned on the south side of the beam section bridge and the main cable penetrate through another catwalk to reach the north side of the beam section bridge, the main cable is pulled to the north side of the bridge floor of the beam section through a cable releasing area, and anchor spindles are respectively introduced into anchor heads to finish cable strand traction.
The main cable starts from the cable releasing area and moves to the other side along the catwalk, the traction speed is preferably about 20-30m/min, and the traction speed needs to be reduced when the first few cable strands are pulled. During the traction process, a specially-assigned person is arranged to advance along with the cable strand anchor head and track the whole process, and the main cable strand is noticed to have the phenomena of downwarping, twisting, wire bulging and the like after being stressed.
Step three, after the cable strand is pulled in place, lifting and transversely moving the cable strand by using a chain block and a winch on a gantry at the top of the tower, shaping the cable strand and then placing the cable strand into a saddle;
a. installation cable strand lifting system
And (3) installing a cable holder 20m in front and at the back of the center of the tower top and 5m in front of the cable scattering sleeve, shaping the cable strand into a standard hexagon before installation, and tightening a fastening bolt on the cable holder in times to ensure that the main cable strand and the cable holder do not generate relative displacement. And connecting the steel wire ropes in the hoisting machine of the tower top portal frame and the anchorage with the rope gripping device to form a rope strand lifting system.
b. Lifting and traversing of cable strand
Each winch is started, the whole strand is lifted away from the catwalk surface roller, the pulling amount is not too large, friction between the strand and the steel wire rope is avoided, the rope holder is prevented from sliding, and the middle span and the side span are pulled in a balanced mode. The simple portal is arranged at the position of the cable sleeve on the north side of the bridge deck of the beam section and used for transversely moving a main cable into the cable sleeve; and the south side of the bridge deck of the beam section adopts an automobile crane to assist in entering the scattered cable sleeve. The cable strands are transversely moved to a set position by utilizing the traversing devices on the top of the tower and the top of the scattered cable sleeve, and the cable strands with the full span can only be traversed right above the saddle after all the cable strands leave the catwalk roller. At the moment, the cable strand between the front cable holder and the rear cable holder of the main cable saddle is in an unstressed state. The pulling force is not too large during the transverse movement, and anyone is not allowed to stand under the cable strand. And determining the tension of the empty cable of the main cable strand according to the length and the weight of the empty cable of the main cable, and setting a tower top winch and routing according to the tension of the empty cable of the main cable strand.
c. Shaping of cable strand
Because the saddle groove of the cable saddle is rectangular and the cross section of the cable strand is hexagonal, the cross section of the cable strand needs to be shaped into a rectangular cross section before the cable saddle is inserted. The cable saddle is characterized in that hexagonal fixtures are respectively installed at a certain position in front of and behind the cable saddle, a binding belt of a cable strand between the two fixtures is removed, shaping is started at a certain position away from the hexagonal fixtures, the cable strand is manually knocked by a wooden hammer, the section is sorted by a steel comb to be changed into a quadrangle from the hexagon, and after the regular section is sorted, the cable saddle is clamped by a special quadrangle fixture and is bound by the binding belt.
Shaping direction of the cable strand: the main cable saddle part is arranged from side span to midspan; the middle main cable saddle part runs from south to north; the scattered cable sleeve part is carried out from the anchor span side to the side span side.
d. Rope strand saddles (totally 61)
And after the cable strands at the main cable saddle are completely shaped, placing the cable strands into corresponding saddle grooves of the main cable saddle. After finishing the shaping saddle entering work, the elevation of each span cable strand is preliminarily adjusted, the mid-span is pre-raised by 30-40 cm, the side-span is pre-raised by 10-20 cm, so that the cable strands below the mid-span are prevented from being pressed and twisted, and the sag adjustment is carried out at night.
The middle marking line on the cable strand needs to be aligned with the middle line position on the main cable saddle. And placing the cable strand in a corresponding saddle groove cable number according to the design drawing requirements, and removing the cable holder.
After the cable strand is put into the saddle, a plurality of square timbers are plugged into the saddle body groove and are tightly knocked by a hammer, so that the parallel steel wires in the groove are prevented from displacing or deforming during the following construction.
After finishing shaping and saddle-entering of the cable strand, respectively pulling anchor heads on two sides towards the directions of the anchor and the anchor cable pipe by using a winch and a pulley block, wherein the anchor heads penetrate through the corresponding anchor cable pipe and are temporarily anchored on the rear anchor surface by using nuts so that the anchor heads enter the anchor;
and arranging a 25-ton truck crane in the cable releasing area, and anchoring the truck crane by matching with the anchor head of the cable strand. And the main traction side adopts a 10-ton electric hoist to enter the anchor. And installing a 32-ton hydraulic jack, and adjusting by utilizing internal threads at the rear end of the anchor head of the main cable so as to perform linear adjustment on the cable strands.
Fifthly, adjusting the sag of the reference cable strand and the cable strand;
a. adjustment of sag of reference strand
The reference strand is the standard for adjusting the sag of other common strands and is the most important process for erecting the main cable. In order to reduce the influence of temperature and wind, the sag measurement is carried out at night when the rain, the fog, the visibility and the wind speed are low, and the temperature is relatively stable. After the reference cable is adjusted, stable observation is carried out for 3 continuous days when the temperature is stable at night (usually 02: 00-05: 00), and the measurement results for 3 continuous days all meet the requirement of a monitoring instruction, thus indicating that the sag of the reference cable strand is successfully adjusted.
Mid-span sag adjustment
And adjusting the cable of the reference cable strand by adopting an absolute elevation method, and simultaneously observing from three different directions by using three total stations respectively to perform triangulation elevation measurement. And (3) measuring the horizontal distance and the vertical distance between the midpoints of the reference cable strands by suspending a reflecting prism in the midspan, calculating the actual mid-span height of the main cable, comparing the actual mid-span height with the theoretical height, calculating the length of the cable strands needing to be moved and adjusted according to the adjustment ratio (the change of the stress-free length/the change of the mid-span horizontal height) in the sag adjustment chart, correcting the span and the temperature, and returning the cable strands to the adjusted span by using a tower top winch. The operation is carried out for several times until the error between the mid-span elevation and the theoretical elevation is within 21.4mm (+/-L/20000 mm).
Firstly, the cable strand is fixed in the saddle groove at the main cable saddle of the middle tower, the sag of the middle span is adjusted by adopting a tower top portal winch at the main cable saddle positions of the side towers at two sides, the cable strand is fixed at the main cable saddle of the side tower, a cable strand fixing mark is made, and whether the cable strand slides or not is conveniently checked before the subsequent cable strand is erected.
b. Adjustment of general strand sag
The adjustment of the common cable strand is also required to be carried out at night when the wind speed is low and the temperature is stable. Considering that the main cable has large diameter and large number of strands, the general strand sag adjustment of the main cable is carried out by adopting a relative reference strand method.
In order to ensure that a reference cable used in the adjustment of the general cable strands is always in a free floating state, one general cable strand outside each layer of the main cable is used as a relative reference cable strand, the sag of the relative reference cable strand is transmitted by means of the I # reference cable strand, and then the sag of the same row of general cable strands and the sag of the previous row of relative reference cable strands are adjusted by means of the relative reference cable strands of each layer, so that the aim of linear adjustment of the main cable is fulfilled.
In addition, in order to eliminate the accumulation of adjustment errors, the adjustment error of each relative reference cable is transmitted, namely when the next relative reference cable is adjusted, the adjustment error value of the current relative cable is subtracted from the theoretical relative sag value of the relative reference cables, so that the adjustment error of each cable relative to the l # cable strand is ensured to be 0-5 mm; when the cable strands are erected to a certain number, a total station is used for detecting the absolute sag of a few relative reference cables, and the cable strands to be measured are determined on site.
The monitoring group calculates the theoretical sag value of each relative reference strand and the general strand. And measuring the temperature of the relative reference strand and the strand to be regulated (the average value of the temperatures of the four surfaces on the section of the strand) and correcting the temperature. And measuring the adjustment amount of the sag of the strand by using a vernier caliper.
Step six, tightening the cable;
after the main cable is erected, gaps are reserved among the strands and inside the strands, and the apparent diameter of the gaps is larger than the diameter required by design. In order to smoothly perform cable clamp installation and wire winding operation, the cross section of a main cable needs to be fastened to be circular, an internal gap needs to be reduced as much as possible, cable tightening operation needs to be performed, the cable tightening operation can be roughly divided into two stages from the technical aspect, namely a pre-tightening cable and a cable tightening cable, wherein the pre-tightening cable is also commonly called as a primary whole circle, and the cable tightening is started from a cable scattering sleeve to the direction of the top of the tower.
a. Pre-tightening cable (first round)
Even if the sag of the strand group is adjusted after the main cable is erected, if a temperature difference is generated between the strands, the arrangement of the strands is slightly changed. Therefore, the temperature is uniform at night, the cable strands are arranged in order, and the cable strands are affected by sunlight to generate disorder phenomena such as fluctuation, distortion and the like in the daytime. Under the condition of good temperature condition at night, when the surface temperature of the main cable tends to be consistent (the temperature of the cable strand is stable), the cable pre-tightening operation is immediately carried out after the main cable shape retainer is removed. The cable tightening sequence adopts a jump mode, namely, the cable tightening shape is jumped towards two sides from the positions of spanning, quartering, eighths and sixteenths, and then the cable tightening is carried out once every 5 meters. The construction steps are as follows:
1) after the cable strands are erected, the arrangement condition of the cable strands is confirmed along the full length, and the parts with the unevenly arranged cable strands are corrected by the movable main cable model.
2) The method comprises the steps of removing the strand binding belt on the outer layer of the main cable within the range of 6-7 m of the pre-tightening point, removing the strand binding belt while pre-tightening, not needing to be removed at one time, and wrapping a layer of linen strips or plastic cloth and other soft articles with a protective effect on the outer layer of the main cable.
3) The method comprises the steps of bundling a steel rope slightly longer than the circumference of a main cable on the outer layer of a linen strip, manually tightening the main cable by using a hand-operated hoist, beating the periphery of the tightening rope of the main cable to form a whole circle by using a wooden hammer, preliminarily extruding the whole circle into a circle, controlling the void ratio of the main cable to be 26% -28%, beating a steel belt on a place as close as possible to the tightening cable by using a steel belt packer, arranging a belt buckle below the side of the main cable, and reducing the movement amount of surface layer strand steel wires as much as possible during circle extrusion.
4) The distance between the pre-tightening cables is determined according to the principle that the cables are firstly sparse and then dense, such as 80 meters, 40 meters, 20 meters, 10 meters and 5 meters, and finally, the cables are bound by steel belts at intervals of 5 meters until the surface of the main cable is basically smooth.
5) The perimeter of the main cable is measured by a 3m steel tape, and the void ratio of the main cable is calculated according to the measured perimeter, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: k is 1-nd2/D2(wherein, K is the void ratio of the main cable, n is the total number of the steel wires, D is the diameter of the steel wires, and D is the diameter of the main cable after the cable is tightened).
6) At the location of the cable clamps, both the compression and the steel strapping should be encrypted to every 0.5 m. And meanwhile, additional steel belts are added at the positions close to the two ends of the cable clamp so as to ensure that the two ends of the cable clamp are still tied up by the steel belts to control the size of the main cable when the steel belts are removed and the cable clamp is installed.
b. Formal tight cable
And after pre-tightening the cable, formally tightening the cable by using a cable tightening machine.
1) And each main cable is subjected to cable tightening construction by two cable tightening machines, and cable tightening operation is carried out in a formal cable tightening sequence from a midspan to the tower top and from an anchorage to the tower top in a side span.
2) Before the cable tightening machine is installed, a hydraulic system and a mechanical system are overhauled and debugged, a jacking system is centered and debugged by a standard die with the diameter of a main cable, the cable tightening machine is installed on the main cables at two ends in an auxiliary mode by a bridge-deck truck crane, the cable tightening machine is pulled by a tower crane to longitudinally move along the main cables to tighten the cables, the cable tightening machine is installed to a midspan in a transferring mode by adopting a tower crane after reaching a side tower, the cables are tightened to a middle tower in the same mode by adopting the side span, and finally the cable tightening machine is dismantled by adopting the tower crane at the middle tower.
3) When the cable is tightened, the left jack and the right jack of the cable tightening machine are started at first, and the axis of the cable tightening machine is adjusted to be coincided with the center of the main cable.
4) And when the six jacks reach the same stroke, applying pressure together. Care was taken to maintain approximately the same pressure while compressing the main cable.
5) When the cable is tightened, the main cable steel wires are kept parallel, and the phenomena of crossing and inside and outside play cannot occur, otherwise, the main cable steel wires need to be processed in time.
6) And measuring the perimeter of the main cable at a place which is 15-20 cm away from a pressing block of the cable tightening machine by using a steel tape, wherein the void ratio of the main cable is 19%.
7) The difference value between the transverse diameter and the vertical diameter of the main cable is controlled within +/-2%. And after the standard is met, bundling the cable by using a steel belt at a place close to the tellurium pressing position of the cable tightening machine.
8) The distance between cable tightening points is 1 meter, the belt buckle is arranged below the side of the main cable, two steel belts are tied at each tightening time, and the distance between the steel belts is 1 m.
9) And (4) loosening the oil pressure of the cable tightening machine, shifting to the next cable tightening point, measuring the perimeter of the main cable of the previous cable tightening point, and recording the perimeter and the cable tightening point position.
10) During the cable tightening process, the phenomenon that the jack oil stains the main cable to influence the anti-sliding force of the cable clamp of the main cable is avoided.
Step seven, detecting the line shape, the void ratio and the out-of-roundness of the main cable;
a. hollow cable shape
And measuring the alignment of the aerial cable by adopting an absolute elevation method, and simultaneously observing from three different directions by using three total stations to perform triangular elevation measurement. A reflecting prism is arranged in the span to measure the horizontal distance and the vertical distance of the main cable span midpoint, and the actual height of the main cable span is inversely calculated, so that a basis is provided for the subsequent installation and tensioning of a cable clamp and a sling.
b. Void fraction
And measuring the perimeter of the main cable at a position 15-20 cm away from the clamping block of the cable tightening machine, and converting the void ratio after cable tightening into a diameter according to the perimeter of the main cable after cable tightening to obtain the void ratio. The calculation formula is as follows:
k＝l-nd2/D2
in the formula: k-main cable void fraction
n-total number of wires
d-diameter of wire
D-diameter of rear main cable of tight cable
After the void ratio reaches the design requirement, two steel belts are arranged at the position close to the cable tightening machine, the distance between the steel belts is 30cm, and the belt buckle is arranged below the side of the main cable. And (4) loosening an oil jack of the cable tightening machine, and moving to the next cable tightening point, wherein the distance between every two cable tightening points is about 1 meter. The circumference of the last cable-tight point is measured again, and the position and the circumference are recorded.
The size of the void ratio directly influences the diameter of the main cable, and the large or small diameter of the main cable influences the installation of the cable clamp, so that the void ratio is strictly controlled when the cable is tightened, and the design requirement is met as much as possible. In general, the target void fraction at the outer portion of the cable clamp is 20% ± 2%, and the cable clamp portion is 18% soil 2%.
c. Out of roundness
The difference between the transverse diameter and the vertical diameter of the main cable after the cable is tightened is not more than +/-2% of the designed diameter of the main cable.
Calculating the formula: (D1-D2)/D < 2%
D1-Main Cable horizontal diameter
D2-Main Cable vertical diameter
D-main cable design diameter
And step eight, obtaining a temporary sling pulling position and pulling force according to simulation calculation of a monitoring unit, and horizontally pulling the space main cable, so that the subsequent control difficulty is reduced, the investment of sling tensioning equipment is saved, and the tensioning times and the construction period are saved.
This application can control three towers from anchor suspension bridge space main push-towing ropes, has improved main push-towing ropes and has erect efficiency and accurate nature, has guaranteed each strand tension uniformity, and two main push-towing ropes strand erect and can accomplish through traction circulation system, convenient operation practices thrift equipment cost. The traction circulating system omits a bearing rope and a gantry, the traction force of the winch is adjusted when the winch is retracted, the height of the anchor head of the main cable on the catwalk roller is controlled, and meanwhile, the traction speed of the main cable and the tower passing time are improved.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention also includes other embodiments, and any technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent replacement should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method for erecting a main cable strand in a space of a three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge is characterized by comprising the following steps: the construction method comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging a traction circulating system on a bridge deck of a beam section;
the traction circulation system comprises two main traction winches, a passive cable releasing mechanism and a steering pulley block, wherein the two main traction winches are arranged on one side of a bridge deck of a beam section, a cable releasing area is arranged on the other side of the bridge deck of the beam section, the cable releasing area is provided with the passive cable releasing mechanism for releasing a main cable, the passive cable releasing mechanism is connected with the passive cable releasing winch, and the passive cable releasing winch drives the passive cable releasing mechanism to move to a specified position; the cable releasing area is provided with a steering pulley block;
secondly, hoisting the main cable strand on the passive cable releasing mechanism, respectively installing dragging devices at anchor heads, connecting the main cable strand with the dragging devices, enabling the main cable to advance along the catwalk direction through a traction circulating system, and respectively introducing anchor spindles into the two anchor heads to finish cable strand traction;
step three, installing a cable strand lifting system, lifting and transversely moving the cable strand, shaping the cable strand and then placing the cable strand into a saddle;
after finishing shaping and saddle-entering of the cable strand, respectively pulling anchor heads on two sides towards the directions of the anchor and the anchor cable pipe by using a winch and a pulley block, wherein the anchor heads penetrate through the corresponding anchor cable pipe and are temporarily anchored on the rear anchor surface by using nuts so that the anchor heads enter the anchor;
fifthly, adjusting the sag of the reference cable strand and the cable strand;
step six, tightening the cable;
step seven, detecting the line shape, the void ratio and the out-of-roundness of the main cable;
and step eight, obtaining the temporary sling pulling position and pulling force according to the simulation calculation of the monitoring unit, and horizontally pulling the space main cable.
2. The construction method for erecting the main cable strand in the space of the three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the second step, a traction rope on the main traction winch is fixedly connected with the puller, the other traction rope on the main traction winch is reversed through the steering pulley block and fixedly connected with the puller, the main traction winch emits the corresponding traction rope, and the other main traction winch winds the corresponding traction rope to drive the puller and the main cable to be pulled to the other side of the bridge floor of the beam section through the cable releasing area.
3. The construction method for erecting the main cable strand in the space of the three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the passive cable releasing mechanism comprises a cable releasing frame, a rotary bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the cable releasing frame, a trolley is arranged below the rotary bottom plate, and the rotary bottom plate can rotate along the center of the trolley to drive the cable releasing frame to rotate synchronously.
4. The construction method for erecting the main cable strand in the space of the three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge as claimed in claim 3, wherein: a plurality of rollers are circumferentially and uniformly arranged at intervals at the bottom of the rotary bottom plate, annular grooves are formed in the top of the trolley, and the rollers are respectively arranged in the annular grooves.
5. The construction method for erecting the main cable strand in the space of the three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the trolley comprises a trolley frame, and a plurality of universal wheels are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the trolley frame.
6. The construction method for erecting the main cable strand in the space of the three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the drawing device comprises a drawing support, the bottom of the drawing support is provided with a drawing hole, and the drawing hole is fixedly connected with the main cable; the top of the dragging support is hinged to the rotating frame through a second rotating shaft, two rope clamping plates are arranged on the rotating frame and are arranged on the same straight line, and the rope clamping plates are fixedly connected with corresponding traction ropes on the main traction winch.
7. The construction method for erecting the main cable strand in the space of the three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and in the third step, the cable strands are lifted and dragged in a matching way through the tower top winch and the multi-door pulley, so that the preformed cable strands enter the corresponding saddle grooves, and the main cable strands are wedged and fixed in the saddle grooves by beating a batten.
8. The construction method for erecting the main cable strand in the space of the three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and during the sag adjustment of the reference cable strand in the fifth step, accurately measuring the linear shape of the reference cable strand by using a total station under the condition of stable temperature at night according to the linear data of the main cable strand, calculating the cable strand adjustment amount of the main cable strand saddle, the cable strand scattering sleeve and the anchoring point of the side tower after temperature correction, and adjusting and erecting the subsequent common cable strand sag adjustment by referring to the adjusted reference cable strand.
9. The construction method for erecting the main cable strand in the space of the three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the sixth step, pre-tightening cables are carried out on the erected main cables, so that the main cables are close to a round shape; and then, formally tightening the cable by using a cable tightening machine to ensure that the diameter of the main cable is reduced.
10. The construction method for erecting the main cable strand in the space of the three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: measuring the space main cable linearity in the seventh step by adopting an absolute elevation method; the void ratio of the main cable clamp part after cable tightening is 18 +/-2%, and the void ratio of the main cable clamp outer part is 20 +/-2%; the difference between the transverse diameter and the vertical diameter of the main cable after the cable is tightened is not more than +/-2% of the designed diameter of the main cable.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117988243A (en) * | 2024-04-03 | 2024-05-07 | 贵州省公路工程集团有限公司 | Multifunctional efficient traction system for suspension bridge upper structure and construction method thereof |
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