CN113699411A

CN113699411A - Waveguide rod beneficial to ultrasonic conduction and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113699411A
Application number: CN202110960331.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李益民; 王霄
Original assignee: Hunan Handlike Minimally Invasive Surgery Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Handlike Minimally Invasive Surgery Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-20
Filing date: 2021-08-20
Publication date: 2021-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-20
Also published as: CN113699411B

Abstract

The invention discloses a waveguide rod beneficial to ultrasonic conduction and a preparation method thereof, and a titanium alloy microstructure which has fine alpha-phase grains, directionally distributed beta-phase, few impurity defects and small residual stress and is beneficial to ultrasonic conduction is prepared by adopting the synergistic action of electron beam cold hearth smelting, forging and drawing plastic processing and vacuum annealing heat treatment technologies, so that the ultrasonic energy efficiency is greatly improved, the process is simple, the cost is low, the mass production is easy, the commercial requirement can be well met, and the preparation method is very suitable for preparing an ultrasonic guide rod product.

Description

Waveguide rod beneficial to ultrasonic conduction and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a titanium alloy and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a waveguide rod beneficial to ultrasonic conduction and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic instrument processing.

Background

Ultrasonic waves refer to sound waves with frequency more than 20KHz, and have been widely used in a variety of medical fields such as ultrasonic knife surgery, ultrasonic atomization, B-ultrasonic examination, ultrasonic pharmacy and the like due to good directivity and strong penetrating power. Compared with the traditional operation, the ultrasonic scalpel operation has the advantages of high cutting precision, small wound range, good blood coagulation effect, clearer visual field, greatly shortened operation time, quick postoperative recovery and the like, and brings great benefits to doctors and patients.

The ultrasonic scalpel device mainly comprises a high-frequency power source and an ultrasonic vibration system. The ultrasonic vibration system includes three parts: transducer, amplitude transformer, wave guide pole and tool bit. The transducer is a device for energy conversion, which converts an oscillating electric signal generated by an ultrasonic generator into a mechanical vibration signal, namely, converts electric energy into mechanical energy and transmits the mechanical energy to an amplitude transformer, the wave guide rod transmits high-frequency vibration (ultrasonic wave) generated by the transducer (the amplitude transformer) to the cutter head, the cutter head is in contact with tissue, the tissue is cut by mechanical impact, and coagulation hemostasis is realized along with heat generation. The output amplitude of the cutter head determines the working quality and the operation effect of the ultrasonic knife. When the input energy of the waveguide rod is the same, the less the energy transfer efficiency (the energy transfer efficiency can be expressed by dividing (the energy of the input-output waveguide rod) by the energy of the input-output waveguide rod), the greater the output energy obtained by the cutter head, and thus the greater the output amplitude. Therefore, the energy conduction efficiency of the ultrasonic wave in the waveguide directly affects the final operation effect, and is the most important performance index for evaluating the waveguide.

The efficiency of ultrasonic energy conduction is related to the dielectric material. The internal friction and heat conduction among medium particles can cause the reduction of the sound wave conduction efficiency, and more importantly, the micro-structure of the material, such as grain size, grain orientation, impurity defects, second phase, residual stress and the like, is influenced. The chemical composition of the material, the heat treatment process and the heat treatment history determine its microstructure. At present, the common material of the waveguide rod is titanium alloy, which is an important metal material that begins to be developed and applied in the middle of the 20 th century, and the waveguide rod has the advantages of low density (about 57% of steel), high specific strength (3.5 times of stainless steel, 1.3 times of aluminum alloy and 1.7 times of magnesium alloy), high temperature resistance (good mechanical property at 500 ℃), corrosion resistance, good low-temperature performance (certain plasticity at 20K) and good biocompatibility, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, ships, chemical engineering, weapon industry, biomedicine and the like. The research on the microstructure of the titanium alloy at the present stage aims to improve the mechanical properties of the material, such as tensile strength, fatigue property, plasticity, elastic modulus and the like. Tangyafeng of Baojinuo new metal material Co., Ltd provides a special TC4 titanium alloy wire for a biological ultrasonic knife, which contains Al: 5.5% -6.5%, V: 3.5% -4.5%, Fe: 0.15% -0.25%, C: less than or equal to 0.03%, N: less than or equal to 0.05 percent, O: 0.08% -0.20%, H: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, and the balance of titanium and inevitable impurities. The room-temperature tensile property is as follows: rm is more than or equal to 1000MPa, Rp0.2 is more than or equal to 1000MPa, A is more than or equal to 20 percent, Z is more than or equal to 45 percent, and the GB/T13810-2017 standard requirements are met; the elastic modulus is more than or equal to 130GPa, and the Poisson ratio is more than or equal to 0.33 (CN 111020292A). Li Yimin of Han dynasty minimally invasive medical science and technology Limited in Hunan discloses a low-elasticity-modulus Ti6Al4V alloy and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the Ti6Al4V alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al: 5.5-6.2 wt.%; v: 3.8-4.5 wt.%; fe: 0.16-0.22 wt.%; y: 0.01-0.1 wt.%; the balance being Ti. The preparation method comprises the steps of carrying out hot forging, hot drawing and double annealing heat treatment on a Ti6Al4V titanium alloy ingot, and machining to obtain the Ti6Al4V alloy with low elastic modulus. The elastic modulus of the Ti6Al4V alloy is 80-90 GPa. The invention increases the beta phase content through the mutual cooperation of alloy components and the process, thereby reducing the elastic modulus of the Ti6Al4V alloy (CN 110747374A). To date, no report has been made in the prior art on the effect of titanium alloy microstructure on the efficiency of ultrasound conduction.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the ultrasonic conduction performance of the titanium alloy waveguide rod by controlling the microstructure of the titanium alloy, the invention provides the waveguide rod beneficial to ultrasonic conduction and the preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a waveguide rod facilitating ultrasonic conduction, wherein the chemical composition of the waveguide rod is one of TC4, TC9 and TC 11;

the microstructure of the waveguide rod comprises an alpha phase and a beta phase, wherein the beta phase is positioned at a crystal boundary of the alpha phase;

the average grain size of the alpha phase is 2-5 um;

the beta phase is distributed along the axis of the waveguide rod;

the density of the waveguide rod is 4.4-4.5 g/cm³。

The waveguide rod beneficial to ultrasonic conduction is characterized in that the volume fraction of the alpha phase is 60% -80%, and the alpha phase has a {0001} [10-10] or {0001} [11-20] preferred orientation.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a waveguide rod beneficial to ultrasonic conduction, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step one, batching according to chemical components of TC4, TC9 or TC11, wherein the total amount of impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.1 wt%;

step two, smelting and casting into cast ingots in an electron beam cold hearth smelting furnace;

thirdly, performing multiple cogging forgings after homogenization treatment to obtain a bar blank;

step four, obtaining the alloy thin rod through drawing for multiple times in a drawing machine;

and step five, finally placing the bar material in a vacuum heat treatment furnace for vacuum annealing treatment to obtain a finished bar material.

As a preferred scheme, the invention relates to a preparation method of a waveguide rod beneficial to ultrasonic conduction, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the impurity element contains O, C, H at least one of by mass percent; wherein the content of O is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, the content of C is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the content of H is less than or equal to 0.01 percent.

The preparation method of the waveguide rod beneficial to ultrasonic conduction is characterized in that in the smelting process, the power of an electron beam is 200-250 kW, the acceleration voltage is 30-40 kV, and the casting temperature of an ingot is 1700-1750 ℃.

The preparation method of the waveguide rod beneficial to ultrasonic conduction is characterized in that the homogenization treatment temperature is 1000-1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12-48 h.

As a preferred scheme, the invention relates to a preparation method of a waveguide rod beneficial to ultrasonic conduction, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the cogging forging temperature is 1000-1050 ℃, the total deformation of the cogging forging is more than or equal to 80%, and the size of the forged bar is 40-80 mm in diameter and 100-300 mm in length.

As a preferred scheme, the invention relates to a preparation method of a waveguide rod beneficial to ultrasonic conduction, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the drawing temperature is 800-900 ℃, the total drawing deformation is more than or equal to 70%, and the diameter of the drawn bar is 8-15 mm.

As a preferred scheme, the invention relates to a preparation method of a waveguide rod beneficial to ultrasonic conduction, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the vacuum annealing heat treatment comprises the following steps: vacuum degree is less than or equal to 10^-2And (3) keeping the temperature of 600-800 ℃ for 4-10 h at Pa, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to discharge.

The invention relates to a waveguide rod beneficial to ultrasonic conduction and a preparation method thereof, which are characterized in that: the energy conduction efficiency of the waveguide rod is more than or equal to 80 percent.

Principles and advantages

The invention breaks through the preparation technology of the waveguide rod beneficial to ultrasonic conduction, and prepares the titanium alloy microstructure with high efficiency ultrasonic energy conduction by adopting the synergistic effect of smelting and ingot casting, plastic processing and heat treatment technology for the first time.

Ultrasonic waves enter the interior of a heterogeneous material consisting of a large number of randomly distributed crystal grains and grain boundary inclusions, and are reflected, refracted or scattered on boundaries with different sound velocities and density components in a medium through an interface with suddenly changed acoustic impedance, so that the ultrasonic energy is reduced. Therefore, the efficiency of ultrasonic energy transmission is very closely related to the texture of the polycrystalline metal material. The relation between the impurities, the grain size, the grain orientation and the residual stress and the ultrasonic energy conduction is analyzed one by one, and an ideal microstructure is obtained through the optimization of the preparation process.

Slag inclusion and ultrasonic energyAnd (4) relationship. Because the defects such as slag inclusion, cracks, air holes and the like mostly contain gas, the acoustic impedance difference with the matrix material is larger, the ultrasonic reflectivity is high, the transmittance is low, and the ultrasonic energy is greatly reduced. Therefore, slag inclusion in the material is controlled, and the method is one of the methods for improving the conduction efficiency of the ultrasonic energy. The vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace smelting method is a method adopted by titanium alloy smelting, but because impurity elements or alloy elements are unevenly distributed in an electrode, the impurity elements or the alloy elements are solidified to generate component segregation when the impurity elements or the alloy elements are not distributed in a balanced manner; meanwhile, because high-density inclusions and low-density inclusions are occasionally brought in raw materials or technological processes, the inclusion substances cannot be completely dissolved in the smelting process, and metallurgical defects such as inclusions with great harm and the like are generated. The present invention adopts cold hearth smelting process to improve the problem of slag inclusion in titanium alloy, and features the separation of smelting, refining and solidifying, that is, the smelted material is smelted after entering the cold hearth, refined in the refining zone of the cold hearth and solidified into ingot in the crystallizing zone. The cold hearth smelting process has the obvious advantages that the cold hearth wall can form a skull, the 'viscous zone' of the cold hearth wall can capture high-density inclusion such as WC, Mo and Ta, and meanwhile, in the refining zone, the residence time of low-density inclusion particles in high-temperature liquid is prolonged, so that the complete dissolution of the inclusion can be ensured, and the inclusion defect can be effectively eliminated. The density of the waveguide rod is controlled to be 4.4-4.5 g/cm by greatly reducing the amount of slag inclusions³The ultrasonic energy conduction efficiency is improved.

Grain size versus ultrasonic energy. When ultrasonic waves propagate through a dielectric material with non-uniform crystal grains, scattering caused by grain boundaries causes energy reduction of the acoustic waves. The scattering signal of the ultrasonic wave in the material characterizes the influence of the microstructures in the material on the energy loss of ultrasonic wave propagation, and the scattering signals of different microstructures have different intensities. The scattering average voltage effective value is used to characterize the intensity of the scattered wave, and the development process finds that the scattering average voltage effective value gradually increases with the increase of the average grain size (as shown in fig. 2). Indicating that the size of the grain size is one of the causes of electrical noise. By analyzing the scattering average voltage effective value and the average grain diameter, it is found that the relationship between the sound energy reduction and the average grain diameter is similar. As the grain size increases, the scattering of the acoustic wave is enhanced, the acoustic energy conduction efficiency of the acoustic wave in the material is reduced, and the amplitude voltage of the scattered wave is increased. In the invention, two plastic processing of forging and drawing are carried out on the as-cast structure after smelting, and in the technical development process, a scheme of only adopting a forging process is tried, but no matter how the scheme is optimized, the ultrasonic conduction performance of the obtained product is not ideal. According to the invention, through a large number of experiments, the technological parameters of forging and drawing are determined, and under the technological parameters, a titanium alloy microstructure with fine and uniform grains (2-5 um in size) can be obtained, which is beneficial to improving the ultrasonic energy conduction efficiency. And obtaining a dynamic recrystallization structure under a large enough deformation amount and a higher deformation temperature, and refining titanium alloy grains. In the plastic deformation process, a section of original grain boundary is suddenly bowed out and goes deep into adjacent grains with large distortion, and the deformation energy disappears completely in the advancing part to form new crystal nucleus, or the crystal nucleus and the crystal nucleus are combined through the grain boundary or subgrain boundary to form a strain-free zone-recrystallization core. The periphery is separated from the deformed and recovered matrix by a large-angle boundary. When the large-angle boundary is transferred, the core grows up, and the grain refinement is completed. The grain size measuring method refers to the GB/T6394-2017 metal average grain size determination method

Grain orientation versus ultrasonic energy. The orientation of the crystal grains is an important and non-negligible factor for the propagation of ultrasound waves in elastically anisotropic media. In crystallography, the geometric characteristics of a crystal can be fully expressed by a plane index (h k l) and a crystal orientation index [ u ν w ]. Since the α phase of titanium alloy has a close-packed hexagonal crystal structure, when subjected to hot working, the crystal grains are arranged in some directions (crystal plane directions) in an aggregated manner, which is called preferred orientation. The regular aggregate arrangement of this weave structure is similar to the structure and texture of natural fibers or fabrics and is referred to as a texture. The important significance of the texture is the anisotropy of the material characteristics, so that the texture of the alpha phase can influence the matching of the acoustic impedance of the alloy to cause the loss difference of the ultrasonic energy. In the process of technical development, it is found that crystal grains of the alpha phase are mainly oriented along the crystal directions of [10-10] and [11-20] along the drawing direction, namely the direction of ultrasonic wave propagation, and the texture strength is influenced by the drawing temperature and the deformation amount (the deformation amount is calculated by dividing (the sectional area before deformation-the sectional area after deformation) by the sectional area before deformation), and the texture strength is higher as the drawing temperature and the deformation amount are increased. The elastic modulus in the two directions is 109GPa, which is far smaller than the intrinsic elastic modulus of the alpha phase, so that the acoustic impedance matching degree is good, and the loss of ultrasonic energy is low. Since the β phase is located at the grain boundary of the α phase, it appears to be distributed in the drawing direction after drawing. Therefore, the invention determines to obtain the texture with the alpha phase of {0001} [10-10] or {0001} [11-20] by optimizing the drawing process parameters, and microscopically shows that the beta phase is distributed along the drawing direction (the axis of the waveguide rod), thereby being beneficial to improving the ultrasonic energy conduction efficiency.

Residual stress versus ultrasonic energy. After the titanium alloy is subjected to plastic deformation, internal stress which is still in self-phase balance and is also called residual stress is remained in the body after the actions of external force or uneven temperature field and the like are eliminated, and the generation of the internal stress is to improve the acoustic impedance of the titanium alloy and is not beneficial to the improvement of the ultrasonic energy conductivity. The ultrasonic conduction performance of the obtained product is not ideal enough, and on the basis, the inventor further tries to adopt the forging + drawing + annealing heat treatment process and finds that the ultrasonic conduction performance of the obtained product is obviously improved after the heat treatment process is optimized. The invention utilizes the high-temperature annealing process, and the original stress field is counteracted by generating the thermal stress opposite to the residual stress at high temperature, so that the residual stress can be greatly reduced, and the aim of reducing the ultrasonic energy loss is fulfilled.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1) the performance is excellent. The ultrasonic energy efficiency is 20% higher than that of the wave guide rod prepared by a non-consumable vacuum arc furnace smelting method;

2) the process is simple. Only forging and drawing twice plastic deformation processes are carried out;

3) is easy for batch production. The production efficiency is 2-3 times of that of the conventional forging, rolling and drawing titanium alloy bar preparation process.

In conclusion, the invention prepares the titanium alloy microstructure with fine alpha-phase crystal grains, directionally distributed beta-phase, few impurity defects and small residual stress by adopting the synergistic action of the technologies of smelting and ingot casting, plastic processing and heat treatment, breaks through the preparation technology of the waveguide rod beneficial to ultrasonic conduction, greatly improves the efficiency of ultrasonic energy, has simple process and low cost, is easy for batch production, and can well meet the requirement of the ultrasonic guide rod.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of the microstructure of a waveguide rod.

FIG. 2 is a graph of scattering average voltage versus grain size.

Detailed Description

The process of the present invention is further illustrated below with reference to three examples.

Example 1:

a waveguide rod beneficial to ultrasonic conduction and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, the process is as follows:

A. the formula design is as follows: weighing corresponding raw materials according to a chemical formula of TC4 according to a stoichiometric ratio, wherein the total amount of impurity elements is 0.1 wt.%;

B. smelting and casting: smelting and casting into cast ingots in an electron beam cold hearth smelting furnace. The power of an electron beam is 200kW, the accelerating voltage is 30kV, and the casting temperature of the cast ingot is 1700 ℃;

C. homogenizing: the temperature of the ingot casting homogenization treatment is 1000 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 24 hours;

D. cogging and forging: and after homogenization treatment, performing cogging forging for multiple times to obtain a bar primary blank. The cogging forging temperature is 1050 ℃, the total deformation of the cogging forging is 85%, and the size of the forged bar is 45mm in diameter and 200mm in length;

E. drawing and processing: and obtaining the alloy thin rod through multiple drawing in a drawing machine. The drawing temperature is 850 ℃; the total deformation of drawing is 75%, and the diameter of the bar after drawing is 10 mm;

F. annealing heat treatment: and carrying out vacuum annealing treatment in a vacuum heat treatment furnace to obtain the finished bar. Vacuum degree is less than or equal to 10^- ²Keeping the temperature of Pa and 700 ℃ for 6h, and discharging the product after the temperature is cooled to room temperature along with the furnace;

G. and (3) detecting the tissue performance: the results are as follows: the microstructure of the waveguide rod comprises an alpha phase and a beta phase, the average grain size of the alpha phase is 3um, the volume fraction of the alpha phase is 70%, the beta phase is distributed along the drawing direction at the crystal boundary of the alpha phase and is expressed as {0001} [10-10] texture, and the energy conduction efficiency of the waveguide rod reaches 85%.

Example 2:

A. the formula design is as follows: weighing corresponding raw materials according to a chemical formula of TC9 according to a stoichiometric ratio, wherein the total amount of impurity elements is 0.08 wt.%;

B. smelting and casting: smelting and casting into cast ingots in an electron beam cold hearth smelting furnace. The power of an electron beam is 220kW, the accelerating voltage is 35kV, and the casting temperature of the cast ingot is 1700 ℃;

E. drawing and processing: and obtaining the alloy thin rod through multiple drawing in a drawing machine. The drawing temperature is 880 ℃; the total deformation of drawing is 80%, and the diameter of the bar after drawing is 9 mm;

F. annealing heat treatment: and carrying out vacuum annealing treatment in a vacuum heat treatment furnace to obtain the finished bar. Vacuum degree is less than or equal to 10^- ²Keeping the temperature of Pa and 600 ℃ for 10h, and discharging the product after the temperature is cooled to room temperature;

G. and (3) detecting the tissue performance: the results are as follows: the microstructure of the waveguide rod comprises an alpha phase and a beta phase, the average grain size of the alpha phase is 2.5um, the volume fraction of the alpha phase is 65%, the beta phase is located at the crystal boundary of the alpha phase and distributed along the direction of the pulling plate, the structure is represented as {0001} [10-10] texture, and the energy conduction efficiency of the waveguide rod reaches 82%.

Example 3:

A. the formula design is as follows: weighing corresponding raw materials according to a chemical formula of TC11 according to a stoichiometric ratio, wherein the total amount of impurity elements is 0.1 wt.%;

B. smelting and casting: smelting and casting into cast ingots in an electron beam cold hearth smelting furnace. The power of an electron beam is 250kW, the acceleration voltage is 40kV, and the casting temperature of the cast ingot is 1720 ℃;

C. homogenizing: the temperature of ingot casting homogenization treatment is 1050 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 hours;

D. cogging and forging: and after homogenization treatment, performing cogging forging for multiple times to obtain a bar primary blank. The cogging forging temperature is 1050 ℃, the total deformation of the cogging forging is 80%, and the size of the forged bar is 40mm in diameter and 220mm in length;

E. drawing and processing: and obtaining the alloy thin rod through multiple drawing in a drawing machine. The drawing temperature is 900 ℃; the total deformation of drawing is 85%, and the diameter of the bar after drawing is 8 mm;

F. annealing heat treatment: and carrying out vacuum annealing treatment in a vacuum heat treatment furnace to obtain the finished bar. Vacuum degree is less than or equal to 10^- ²Keeping the temperature of Pa and 800 ℃ for 4h, and discharging the product after the temperature is cooled to room temperature along with the furnace;

G. and (3) detecting the tissue performance: the results are as follows: the microstructure of the waveguide rod comprises an alpha phase and a beta phase, the average grain size of the alpha phase is 4um, the volume fraction of the alpha phase is 70%, the beta phase is distributed along the drawing direction at the crystal boundary of the alpha phase and is expressed as {0001} [11-20] texture, and the energy conduction efficiency of the waveguide rod reaches 80%.

Comparative example 1:

comparison of Experiment of	Forging temperature Degree of rotation	Drawing temperature	Results of the experiment
				1	1050℃	1000℃	The drawing temperature is too high, close to the beta phase transformation point, the tissue performance is detected: the results are as follows: the average grain size of the alpha phase is 6um, alpha phase volume fraction of 45%, beta phase has no obvious directional distribution and no {0001} [10-10]]Of textured, wave-guiding rods The energy transfer efficiency is only 60%.
2	1050℃	700℃	The drawing temperature is too low, the drawing force is high, the deformation is only 60%, and the tissue performance is detected as follows: the results are as follows: average of alpha phase The grain size is 10um and cracks are present, the energy conduction efficiency of the waveguide rod is only 55%.
				3	1150℃	850℃	And (3) over-high forging temperature and structural property detection: the results are as follows: the average grain size of the alpha phase is 9um, and the alpha phase exists to a certain extent The energy conduction efficiency of the waveguide rod is only 61% by dividing the segregation region.
4	850℃	850℃	The forging temperature is too low, the forging force is high, the deformation is only 55%, and the structure performance is detected as follows: the results are as follows: average of alpha phase The grain size is 15um and cracks exist, and the energy conduction efficiency of the waveguide rod is only 50%.

Comparative example 1 the conditions other than those indicated above were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 2

The only difference from example 1 is that the non-consumable vacuum arc furnace melting method is adopted, slag inclusion or defects are more, and the energy conduction efficiency of the waveguide rod is only 65%.

Comparative example 3

The only difference from example 1 is that the drawing process is not included, the grain size is too large, reaching about 12um, and the energy conduction efficiency of the waveguide rod is only 63%.

Comparative example 4

The only difference from example 1 is that the residual stress is high without annealing treatment, and the energy conduction efficiency of the waveguide rod is only 62%.

The above-described embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, but rather as indicating any equivalent variations, modifications, substitutions and combinations of parts within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A waveguide rod facilitating ultrasonic conduction, wherein the chemical composition of the waveguide rod is one of TC4, TC9 and TC 11;

the microstructure of the waveguide rod comprises an alpha phase and a beta phase;

the average grain size of the alpha phase is 2-5 um;

the beta phase is distributed along the axis of the waveguide rod;

the density of the waveguide rod is 4.4-4.5 g/cm³。

2. The waveguide rod facilitating ultrasonic conduction according to claim 1, wherein the volume fraction of the alpha phase is 60% to 80%, and the alpha phase has a preferred orientation of {0001} [10-10] or {0001} [11-20 ].

3. A method of forming a waveguide rod for facilitating ultrasonic conduction according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the waveguide rod is formed by a method comprising: the impurity element contains O, C, H at least one of by mass percent; wherein the content of O is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, the content of C is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the content of H is less than or equal to 0.01 percent.

5. The preparation method of the waveguide rod facilitating ultrasonic conduction, as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the smelting process, the power of an electron beam is 200 to 250kW, the acceleration voltage is 30 to 40kV, and the casting temperature of an ingot is 1700 to 1750 ℃.

6. The method for preparing the waveguide rod facilitating ultrasonic conduction according to claim 3, wherein the homogenization treatment temperature is 1000-1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12-48 hours.

7. The method of claim 3, wherein the waveguide rod is formed by a method comprising: the cogging forging temperature is 1000-1050 ℃, the total deformation of the cogging forging is more than or equal to 80%, and the size of the forged bar is 40-80 mm in diameter and 100-300 mm in length.

8. The method of claim 3, wherein the waveguide rod is formed by a method comprising: the drawing temperature is 800-900 ℃, the total drawing deformation is more than or equal to 70%, and the diameter of the drawn bar is 8-15 mm.

9. The method of claim 3, wherein the waveguide rod is formed by a method comprising: the vacuum annealing heat treatment comprises the following steps: vacuum degree is less than or equal to 10^-2And (3) keeping the temperature of 600-800 ℃ for 4-10 h at Pa, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to discharge.

10. A waveguide rod microstructure facilitating ultrasonic conduction and a method for preparing the same according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the energy conduction efficiency of the waveguide rod is more than or equal to 80 percent.