CN113694877B - Selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113694877B CN113694877B CN202110976402.5A CN202110976402A CN113694877B CN 113694877 B CN113694877 B CN 113694877B CN 202110976402 A CN202110976402 A CN 202110976402A CN 113694877 B CN113694877 B CN 113694877B
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- gasoline
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- reaction kettle
- selective adsorbent
- sodium silicate
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- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- ZCLVNIZJEKLGFA-UHFFFAOYSA-H bis(4,5-dioxo-1,3,2-dioxalumolan-2-yl) oxalate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZCLVNIZJEKLGFA-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- IBSDADOZMZEYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-H oxalate;yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [Y+3].[Y+3].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O IBSDADOZMZEYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JJQZDUKDJDQPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(dimethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(C)OC JJQZDUKDJDQPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- DXODQEHVNYHGGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptadecafluorooctyl-tris(trifluoromethoxy)silane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)O[Si](OC(F)(F)F)(OC(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F DXODQEHVNYHGGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VBGGLSWSRVDWHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-henicosafluorodecyl-tris(trifluoromethoxy)silane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)O[Si](OC(F)(F)F)(OC(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F VBGGLSWSRVDWHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940089951 perfluorooctyl triethoxysilane Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AVYKQOAMZCAHRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-tridecafluorooctyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F AVYKQOAMZCAHRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/103—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate comprising silica
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28047—Gels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a selective adsorbent for gasoline purification and a preparation method and application thereof. The selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline of the present invention comprises: silica aerogel powder, filler, binder, silica aerogel precursor and cellulose solution. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the silicon aerogel powder with an alcohol solvent, and then adding a filler and a silicon aerogel precursor for uniformly mixing; and finally, adding the binder and the cellulose solution, uniformly mixing, kneading into clusters, extruding strips, cutting into small sections, rolling into spheres with the diameter of 1-3 mm, and roasting to prepare the selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline. The selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline can selectively adsorb alkane and olefin in the gasoline, effectively improve the quality of the gasoline and reduce environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of petroleum and petrochemical industry, in particular to a selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of motor vehicle economy in recent years, the production and use amount of motor vehicles are rapidly increased, the pollution of motor vehicle exhaust to the environment is increasingly serious, the air pollution in many large cities is changed from the coal-fired pollution to the mixed pollution of coal and motor vehicles, and the harm of motor vehicle exhaust pollution to the environment and the health of people is quite serious. Although the pollution has attracted social attention, the country starts to grasp control and control, the country has not taken effective measures yet, and the problem of pollution of motor vehicle exhaust is thoroughly solved.
About 70% of commercial gasoline in China comes from the heavy oil catalytic cracking (FCC) process, and the heavy oil raw material contains a large amount of sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen heteroatom compounds and colloid asphaltene, so that the catalytic cracking gasoline has high sulfur content and also contains a large amount of alkane and alkene components, the content of the alkane and alkene components in the gasoline exceeds the standard, and the catalytic cracking gasoline is a great difficulty in air pollution in modern cities. The PM2.5 exceeding standard is caused to influence the body health, so that if the alkane and the alkene in the gasoline can be effectively adsorbed, the quality of the gasoline can be effectively improved, the production cost can be reduced, and the environmental pollution can be reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline, and a preparation method and application thereof. The selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline can selectively adsorb alkane and olefin in the gasoline, effectively improve the quality of the gasoline and reduce environmental pollution.
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
20-30 parts of silicon aerogel powder;
6-12 parts of filler;
9-15 parts of a binder;
20-30 parts of a silicon aerogel precursor;
5-16 parts of cellulose solution.
Preferably, the pore diameter of the silicon aerogel powder is in the range of 1-12nm;
in the cellulose solution, the mass ratio of cellulose to water is 1:30-60; the molecular weight of the cellulose is 5 ten thousand to 7 ten thousand.
The preparation method of the silicon aerogel powder and the silicon aerogel precursor comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of a Mixed solution of a silicon Source and a solvent
Loading sodium silicate with the modulus of 2.0 into a reaction kettle, adding deionized water with the mass of 6 times of that of the sodium silicate for dilution, stirring the reaction kettle for 30 minutes at the speed of 240 revolutions per minute, and filtering the mixture through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a sodium silicate solution;
(2) Sol-gel
Taking oxalic acid, adding water, diluting the concentration to 30mol/L, adding aluminum oxalate and yttrium oxalate into the oxalic acid, uniformly mixing, and adding into the sodium silicate solution obtained in the step (1) in a mode of submerged injection (simultaneous injection of a plurality of metering pumps); the whole feeding time is controlled to be 5-10 minutes, the stirring speed is 400-500 r/min, and the pH value of the sodium silicate solution is controlled to be 1.5-3.0, so that sol is obtained; the molar ratio of the aluminum oxalate to the yttrium oxalate is 100 in terms of oxide: 3.0; the molar ratio of the oxide of aluminum oxalate to the silicon oxide in sodium silicate is 3:100;
(3) Gel
Adding deionized water into sodium hydroxide or ammonia water to dilute to pH value of 11, and adding into a reaction kettle in a spraying manner; the materials in the reaction kettle are rapidly stirred at the speed of 2000 rpm while spraying, and when the pH value of the materials in the reaction kettle is 5.5, the spraying is stopped to obtain gel;
(4) Aging
Continuously stirring the materials in the reaction kettle at the speed of 20 revolutions per minute for 25 hours, aging the materials in the reaction kettle, and controlling the temperature of the materials in the reaction kettle to be 10 ℃;
(5) Solvent displacement
Continuously stirring for 90 minutes in the reaction kettle, and simultaneously adding n-hexane which is a displacement solvent and has the same volume as the aged materials in the reaction kettle in the step (4) to displace residual water;
(6) Surface modification
Continuously stirring in the reaction kettle, and continuously adding the coupling agent dimethoxy dimethyl silane with the same volume as the aged materials in the reaction kettle in the step (4); stirring for 80 minutes to obtain a silicon aerogel precursor coated with a replacement solvent n-hexane and a coupling agent dimethoxy dimethyl silane;
(7) Drying
And (3) putting the silicon aerogel precursor into a drying kettle, filling nitrogen into the drying kettle to remove oxygen until the oxygen content in the drying kettle is less than 3%, then carrying out microwave vacuum drying on materials in the drying kettle for 70 minutes at the microwave frequency of 2450MHz, and drying at the temperature of 100 ℃ under the negative pressure of 0.1MPa in the drying kettle to obtain the solid powdery silicon aerogel.
The concentration of the sodium silicate solution is further diluted, the concentration of oxalic acid in the sol is further diluted, and the temperature of raw materials in the processes of the steps (1) - (3) is controlled to be less than 10 ℃; the smaller the solvent particles obtained, the smaller the pore size.
Preferably, the filler is one or a combination of aluminum hydroxide, pseudo-boehmite and metaaluminate monohydrate.
The pore diameter range of the roasted filler is approximately between 0.2 and 10 nanometers, which is beneficial to the generation of small pore diameters in products, can further enrich the pore diameter range of the adsorbent, increase the specific surface area of the adsorbent, increase the acidity of the adsorbent and improve the adsorption effect.
Preferably, the raw materials of the adhesive comprise the following components in parts by weight:
20-40 parts of sodium silicate;
15-25 parts of potassium silicate;
40-50 parts of distilled water;
15-20 parts of silica sol;
3-6 parts of a silane coupling agent;
15-20 parts of aluminum hydroxide.
In the adhesive of the invention, the matrix is sodium silicate and potassium silicate; the addition of the silica sol silane, the coupling agent and the alumina has synergistic effect, so that the adhesive has stronger adhesive property, toughness and water resistance.
The binder adopts an inorganic special formula, and aims to meet higher temperature while the proper strength is kept during granulation so as to realize the requirement of high-temperature desorption; preferably, the silane coupling agent is one or a combination of perfluorooctyl trimethoxy silane, perfluorooctyl triethoxy silane and perfluorodecyl trimethoxy silane;
the solid content of the silica sol is 25-30%.
Preferably, the preparation method of the silica sol comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of a Mixed solution of a silicon Source and a solvent
Loading sodium silicate with the modulus of 3.5 into a reaction kettle, adding deionized water with the mass of 2 times of that of the sodium silicate for dilution, stirring the reaction kettle for 30 minutes at the speed of 100 revolutions per minute, and filtering the mixture through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a sodium silicate solution;
(2) Sol-gel
Taking sulfuric acid, regulating the sulfuric acid to 10 mol/L by using deionized water, adding zirconium sulfate and cerium sulfate into the sulfuric acid, uniformly mixing, and adding the mixture into the sodium silicate solution obtained in the step (1) in a spraying mode; the materials in the reaction kettle are rapidly stirred at the speed of 1500 rpm while spraying, the pH value of the sodium silicate solution is controlled to be 2.0, and the spraying time is controlled to be 80 minutes, so that sol is obtained; the molar ratio of the zirconium sulfate to the cerium sulfate is 100 in terms of oxide: 4, a step of; the molar ratio of the oxide in the zirconium sulfate to the silicon oxide in the sodium silicate is 3:100;
(3) Solvent displacement
Adding a displacement solvent acetone with the same volume as the ageing material in the reaction kettle in the step (3) into the reaction kettle to displace residual water; concentrating the silica sol until the solid content is about 25-35%; the concentration can be carried out by adopting a common ultrafiltration membrane concentration method.
Preferably, the preparation method of the binder comprises the following steps:
uniformly stirring all the raw materials in the adhesive, then adding an acid solution to enable the pH value to be 7-9, stirring for 90-100min, and heating to 80-90 ℃ to obtain the adhesive;
if the pH value of the adhesive is too slightly alkaline, the water resistance of the adhesive is reduced, the pH value is between 7 and 9, and the water resistance effect is good.
The acid solution is one or a solution prepared by combining nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and acetic acid; the weight ratio of the acid to the water in the acid solution is 4-9:1.
The second object of the invention is to provide a method for preparing a selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline, comprising the following steps: uniformly mixing the silicon aerogel powder with an alcohol solvent, and then adding a filler and a silicon aerogel precursor for uniformly mixing; and finally, adding the binder and the cellulose solution, uniformly mixing, kneading into clusters, extruding strips, cutting into small sections, rolling into spheres with the diameter of 1-3 mm, and roasting to prepare the selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline.
Preferably, the mass of the alcohol solvent is equal to that of the silicon aerogel powder, and the alcohol solvent is one or more of methanol, propanol and ethanol.
Preferably, the pressure during extrusion is 13-17MPa; the temperature curve of the roasting is that the temperature is firstly increased to 380 ℃, the heat is preserved for 0.6 hour, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min; then heating to 560 ℃, and preserving heat for 0.5 hour, wherein the heating rate is 1 ℃/min; finally, the temperature is raised to 660 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1 hour, and the temperature raising rate is 2 ℃/min. The invention adds the fiber, and after roasting by a special temperature rising curve, the inner hole of the adsorbent forms a through hole between 0.3 and 1nm, and further enriches the aperture range.
Preferably, the compressive strength of the selectivity for gasoline purification is equal to or greater than 0.13MPa; the average pore diameter is in the range of 1-2nm.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the use of a selective adsorbent for the purification of gasoline, said adsorbent being used for the adsorption of petroleum and petrochemical exhaust gases.
The beneficial effects are that:
the base material of the adsorbent of the invention is Si (silicon), A1 grade is nonflammable and can bear high temperature of thousands of DEG C. The adsorbent has no fear of heating pressure during desorption, can freely realize the desorption of active ingredients in various temperature sections, and can improve the recycling rate of VOCs to a new level.
The adsorbent of the invention can repeatedly regenerate VOCs with recovery value for many times, and is not consumed as a container.
The adsorbent of the invention has smooth surface and can not crack or peel after being used for a plurality of times. The adhesive disclosed by the invention has the advantages of good adhesive strength, good water resistance, good toughness and very good use value.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be noted that the following embodiments are only for further description of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and some insubstantial modifications and adjustments of the present invention by those skilled in the art from the present disclosure are still within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The preparation method of the silicon aerogel powder comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of a Mixed solution of a silicon Source and a solvent
Loading sodium silicate with the modulus of 2.0 into a reaction kettle, adding deionized water with the mass of 6 times of that of the sodium silicate for dilution, stirring the reaction kettle for 30 minutes at the speed of 240 revolutions per minute, and filtering the mixture through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a sodium silicate solution;
(2) Sol-gel
Taking oxalic acid, adding water, diluting the concentration to 30mol/L, adding aluminum oxalate and yttrium oxalate into the oxalic acid, uniformly mixing, and adding into the sodium silicate solution obtained in the step (1) in a mode of submerged injection (simultaneous injection of a plurality of metering pumps); the whole feeding time is controlled to be 10 minutes, the stirring speed is 400 rpm, and the pH value of the sodium silicate solution is controlled to be 1.8, so that sol is obtained; the molar ratio of the aluminum oxalate to the yttrium oxalate is 100 in terms of oxide: 3.0; the molar ratio of the oxide of aluminum oxalate to the silicon oxide in sodium silicate is 3:100;
(3) Gel
Adding deionized water into sodium hydroxide or ammonia water to dilute to pH value of 11, and adding into a reaction kettle in a spraying manner; the materials in the reaction kettle are rapidly stirred at the speed of 2000 rpm while spraying, and when the pH value of the materials in the reaction kettle is 5.5, the spraying is stopped to obtain gel;
(4) Aging
Continuously stirring the materials in the reaction kettle at the speed of 20 revolutions per minute for 25 hours, aging the materials in the reaction kettle, and controlling the temperature of the materials in the reaction kettle to be 10 ℃;
(5) Solvent displacement
Continuously stirring for 90 minutes in the reaction kettle, and simultaneously adding n-hexane which is a displacement solvent and has the same volume as the aged materials in the reaction kettle in the step (4) to displace residual water;
(6) Surface modification
Continuously stirring in the reaction kettle, and continuously adding the coupling agent dimethoxy dimethyl silane with the same volume as the aged materials in the reaction kettle in the step (4); stirring for 80 minutes to obtain a silicon aerogel precursor coated with a replacement solvent n-hexane and a coupling agent dimethoxy dimethyl silane;
(7) Drying
And (3) putting the silicon aerogel precursor into a drying kettle, filling nitrogen into the drying kettle to remove oxygen until the oxygen content in the drying kettle is less than 3%, then carrying out microwave vacuum drying on materials in the drying kettle for 70 minutes at the microwave frequency of 2450MHz, and drying at the temperature of 100 ℃ under the negative pressure of 0.1MPa in the drying kettle to obtain the solid powdery silicon aerogel.
The pore diameter of the prepared silicon aerogel powder ranges from 1nm to 12nm.
Example 2
The preparation method of the silicon aerogel powder comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of a Mixed solution of a silicon Source and a solvent
Loading sodium silicate with the modulus of 2.0 into a reaction kettle, adding deionized water with the mass of 6 times of that of the sodium silicate for dilution, stirring the reaction kettle for 30 minutes at the speed of 240 revolutions per minute, and filtering the mixture through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a sodium silicate solution;
(2) Sol-gel
Taking oxalic acid, adding water, diluting the concentration to 30mol/L, adding aluminum oxalate and yttrium oxalate into the oxalic acid, uniformly mixing, and adding into the sodium silicate solution obtained in the step (1) in a mode of submerged injection (simultaneous injection of a plurality of metering pumps); the whole feeding time is controlled to be 10 minutes, the stirring speed is 300 revolutions per minute, and the pH value of the sodium silicate solution is controlled to be 3.0, so that sol is obtained; the molar ratio of the aluminum oxalate to the yttrium oxalate is 100 in terms of oxide: 3.0; the molar ratio of the oxide of aluminum oxalate to the silicon oxide in sodium silicate is 3:100.
the remaining process conditions were the same as in example 1.
The pore diameter of the prepared silicon aerogel powder ranges from 1nm to 12nm.
Example 3
The preparation method of the silicon aerogel powder comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of a Mixed solution of a silicon Source and a solvent
Loading sodium silicate with the modulus of 2 into a reaction kettle, adding deionized water with the mass of 6 times of that of the sodium silicate for dilution, stirring the reaction kettle for 30 minutes at the speed of 240 revolutions per minute, and filtering the mixture through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a sodium silicate solution;
(2) Sol-gel
Taking oxalic acid, adding water, diluting the concentration to 30mol/L, adding aluminum oxalate and yttrium oxalate into the oxalic acid, uniformly mixing, and adding into the sodium silicate solution obtained in the step (1) in a mode of submerged injection (simultaneous injection of a plurality of metering pumps); the whole feeding time is controlled to be 5 minutes, the stirring speed is 350 revolutions per minute, and the pH value of the sodium silicate solution is controlled to be 2.0, so that sol is obtained; the molar ratio of the aluminum oxalate to the yttrium oxalate is 100 in terms of oxide: 3.0; the molar ratio of the oxide of aluminum oxalate to the silicon oxide in sodium silicate is 3:100.
the remaining process conditions were the same as in example 1.
The pore diameter of the prepared silicon aerogel powder ranges from 1nm to 12nm.
Example 4
The raw materials of the adhesive comprise the following components in parts by weight:
40 parts of sodium silicate;
25 parts of potassium silicate;
45 parts of distilled water;
15 parts of silica sol;
3 parts of perfluorooctyl trimethoxy silane;
15 parts of aluminum hydroxide.
The solids content of the silica sol was 26%.
The preparation method of the silica sol comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of a Mixed solution of a silicon Source and a solvent
Loading sodium silicate with the modulus of 3.5 into a reaction kettle, adding deionized water with the mass of 2 times of that of the sodium silicate for dilution, stirring the reaction kettle for 30 minutes at the speed of 100 revolutions per minute, and filtering the mixture through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a sodium silicate solution;
(2) Sol-gel
Taking sulfuric acid, regulating the sulfuric acid to 10 mol/L by using deionized water, adding zirconium sulfate and cerium sulfate into the sulfuric acid, uniformly mixing, and adding the mixture into the sodium silicate solution obtained in the step (1) in a spraying mode; the materials in the reaction kettle are rapidly stirred at the speed of 1500 rpm while spraying, the pH value of the sodium silicate solution is controlled to be 2.0, and the spraying time is controlled to be 80 minutes, so that sol is obtained; the molar ratio of the zirconium sulfate to the cerium sulfate is 100 in terms of oxide: 3, a step of; the molar ratio of the oxide in the zirconium sulfate to the silicon oxide in the sodium silicate is 3:100;
(3) Solvent displacement
Adding a displacement solvent acetone with the same volume as the ageing material in the reaction kettle in the step (3) into the reaction kettle to displace residual water; concentrating the silica sol until the solid content is about 26%; the concentration can be carried out by adopting a common ultrafiltration membrane concentration method.
The preparation method of the adhesive comprises the following steps:
uniformly stirring all the raw materials in the adhesive, then adding hydrochloric acid solution, wherein the weight ratio of acid to water in the acid solution is 5:1, leading the pH value to be 7, stirring for 90min, and heating to 80 ℃ to obtain the adhesive;
comparative example 1
The raw materials and preparation process of the binder of example 4 were the same, except that the pH of the binder was set to 10.
Comparative example 2
The procedure for the preparation of the binder of example 4 was the same, except that the binder material was free of silica sol.
Comparative example 3
The procedure for the preparation of the binder of example 4 was the same, except that the binder material was free of the silane coupling agent perfluorooctyl trimethoxysilane.
Comparative example 4
The binder of example 4 was prepared in the same manner as described above except that the binder material was free of aluminum hydroxide.
And (3) angle folding test: the adhesives of the above example 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were applied to a wood board having a thickness of 0.5cm, and the wood board was bent until cracks occurred in the adhesive layer, and the angle of the break at this time was recorded, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 corner test results
Example 5
A selective adsorbent for gasoline purification, comprising, in parts by weight:
30 parts of silicon aerogel powder; (silica aerogel powder prepared by example 2)
12 parts of filler; the filler is aluminum hydroxide
15 parts of a binder; (adhesive prepared in example 4)
25 parts of a silicon aerogel precursor; (silica aerogel precursor prepared by example 2)
10 parts of cellulose solution; in the cellulose solution, the mass ratio of cellulose to water is 1:100; the molecular weight of the cellulose is 5 ten thousand.
A method for preparing a selective adsorbent for gasoline purification, comprising the steps of: uniformly mixing silicon aerogel powder with a methanol solvent, wherein the mass of the ethanol solvent is equal to that of the silicon aerogel powder, and then adding a filler for uniformly mixing; finally, adding a binder, uniformly mixing, kneading into clusters, extruding strips, cutting into small sections with the pressure of 15MPa, rolling into spheres with the diameter of 2 mm, and roasting, wherein the roasting temperature curve is that the temperature is firstly increased to 380 ℃, the temperature is kept for 0.6 hour, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min; then heating to 560 ℃, and preserving heat for 0.5 hour, wherein the heating rate is 1 ℃/min; finally, the temperature is raised to 660 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1 hour, and the heating rate is 2 ℃/min, so that the selective adsorbent for purifying the gasoline is prepared.
The compressive strength of the selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline prepared by the method is 0.135MPa; the average pore diameter was 1.5nm.
Example 6
A selective adsorbent for gasoline purification, comprising, in parts by weight:
24 parts of silicon aerogel powder; (silica aerogel powder prepared by example 2)
7 parts of filler; pseudo-boehmite
11 parts of adhesive: (adhesive prepared in example 4)
28 parts of a silicon aerogel precursor; (silica aerogel precursor prepared by example 2)
14 parts of cellulose solution; in the cellulose solution, the mass ratio of cellulose to water is 1:50; the molecular weight of the cellulose is 6 ten thousand.
A method for preparing a selective adsorbent for gasoline purification, comprising the steps of: uniformly mixing silicon aerogel powder with an ethanol solvent, wherein the mass of the ethanol solvent is equal to that of the silicon aerogel powder, and then adding a filler for uniformly mixing; finally, adding a binder, uniformly mixing, kneading into clusters, extruding strips, cutting into small sections with the pressure of 12MPa, rolling into spheres with the diameter of 3 mm, and roasting, wherein the roasting temperature curve is that the temperature is firstly increased to 380 ℃, the temperature is kept for 0.6 hour, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min; then heating to 560 ℃, and preserving heat for 0.5 hour, wherein the heating rate is 1 ℃/min; finally, the temperature is raised to 660 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1 hour, and the heating rate is 2 ℃/min, so that the selective adsorbent for purifying the gasoline is prepared.
The compressive strength of the selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline prepared by the method is 0.132MPa; the average pore diameter was 1.2nm.
Example 7
A selective adsorbent for gasoline purification, comprising, in parts by weight:
25 parts of silicon aerogel powder; (silica aerogel powder prepared by example 2)
10 parts of filler; the filler is metaaluminate monohydrate
13 parts of a binder; (adhesive prepared in example 4)
26 parts of a silicon aerogel precursor; (silica aerogel precursor prepared by example 2)
10 parts of cellulose solution; in the cellulose solution, the mass ratio of cellulose to water is 1:30; the molecular weight of the cellulose is 7 ten thousand.
A method for preparing a selective adsorbent for gasoline purification, comprising the steps of: uniformly mixing silicon aerogel powder with a methanol solvent, and then adding a filler for uniformly mixing; finally, adding a binder, uniformly mixing, kneading into clusters, extruding strips, cutting into small sections under the pressure of 12MPa, rolling into spheres with the diameter of 1 mm, and roasting at the temperature curve of 380 ℃ for 0.6 hour at the temperature rising rate of 5 ℃/min; then heating to 560 ℃, and preserving heat for 0.5 hour, wherein the heating rate is 1 ℃/min; finally, the temperature is raised to 660 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1 hour, and the heating rate is 2 ℃/min, so that the selective adsorbent for purifying the gasoline is prepared.
The compressive strength of the selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline prepared by the method is 0.137MPa; the average pore diameter was 1nm.
Comparative example 5
It was the same as the preparation method of example 5, except that the binder of comparative example 1 was used as the binder.
The compressive strength of the selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline prepared by the method is 0.13MPa; the average pore diameter was 1.5nm.
Comparative example 6
It was the same as the preparation method of example 5, except that the binder of comparative example 2 was used as the binder.
The compressive strength of the selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline prepared by the method is 0.09MPa; the average pore diameter was 1.1nm.
Comparative example 7
It was the same as the preparation method of example 5, except that the binder of comparative example 3 was used as the binder.
The compressive strength of the selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline prepared by the method is 0.095MPa; the average pore diameter was 2.6nm.
Comparative example 8
It was the same as the preparation method of example 5, except that the binder of comparative example 4 was used as the binder.
The compressive strength of the selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline prepared by the method is 0.075MPa; the average pore diameter was 2.2nm.
Comparative example 9
This is identical to the preparation of example 5, except that no filler is present.
The compressive strength of the selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline prepared by the method is 0.011MPa; the average pore diameter was 0.8nm.
Comparative example 10
The same proportion as the adsorbent of example 5 is different in that the preparation method is different in that the silica aerogel powder, the filler, the binder, the silica aerogel precursor and the cellulose solution are uniformly mixed, and then the alcohol solvent is added for uniform mixing.
The compressive strength of the selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline prepared by the method is 0.12MPa; the average pore diameter was 3nm.
Comparative example 11
This is identical to the preparation of example 5, except that the silica aerogel precursor is not present.
The compressive strength of the selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline prepared by the method is 0.085MPa; the average pore diameter was 0.86nm.
Comparative example 12
This is identical to the preparation of example 5, except that no cellulose solution is present.
The compressive strength of the selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline prepared by the method is 0.14MPa; the average pore diameter was 4.8nm.
Example 8
The selective adsorbents for gasoline purification prepared in examples 5 to 7 and comparative examples 5 to 12 were used for adsorbing C4 to C7 light components (olefins) in gasoline under the conditions of standing at 98℃for 30 minutes.
The testing method comprises the following steps:
water resistance time: soaking the adsorbent in water, and timing until cracking occurs on the surface of the adsorbent.
Specific absorption effects are shown in table 2 below: wherein the content of C4-C7 light components in the gasoline before the adsorbent is absorbed is 2wt%
TABLE 2 absorption Effect of adsorbents
As can be seen from the comparison of the data, if the pH value of the binder is too slightly alkaline, the water resistance of the adsorbent is reduced, and when the pH value of the binder is between 7 and 9, the water resistance effect is better.
Meanwhile, the adhesive disclosed by the invention is prepared by mutually matching the components, especially the silica sol, the coupling agent and the aluminum hydroxide, and the three components are mutually matched, so that the water resistance and toughness of the adhesive are relatively good. If only the common inorganic binder of sodium silicate or potassium silicate is used, the water-proof agent is very water-proof, and the water-proof time is about 1 hour; and also very brittle, the angle of refraction of the common inorganic binder is over 3%.
The silica sol is added into the binder, so that the binder plays a role in further strengthening the bonding, and if the binder is replaced by silica aerogel powder, the silica aerogel powder only plays a role in filling, and the effect of strengthening the bonding is not achieved.
Finally, the adsorbent of the invention also needs the matching of the filler and the cellulose, further enriches the pore diameter range, and ensures that the average pore diameter is 1-2nm, so as to have better adsorption effect; otherwise, too small pore diameter can affect the adsorption effect, too large pore diameter can adsorb aromatic hydrocarbon and affect the separation effect. Finally, the silicon aerogel precursor is also added into the adsorbent and matched with the binder, so that the strength and the water resistance of the adsorbent are further enhanced, and the service performance of the adsorbent is further improved.
Claims (8)
1. The selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-30 parts of silicon aerogel powder;
6-12 parts of filler;
9-15 parts of a binder;
20-30 parts of a silicon aerogel precursor;
5-16 parts of cellulose solution;
the preparation method of the silicon aerogel powder and the silicon aerogel precursor comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of a Mixed solution of a silicon Source and a solvent
Loading sodium silicate with the modulus of 2.0 into a reaction kettle, adding deionized water with the mass of 6 times of that of the sodium silicate for dilution, stirring the reaction kettle for 30 minutes at the speed of 240 revolutions per minute, and filtering the mixture through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a sodium silicate solution;
(2) Sol-gel
Taking oxalic acid, adding water, diluting the concentration to 30mol/L, adding aluminum oxalate and yttrium oxalate into the oxalic acid, uniformly mixing, and adding the mixture into the sodium silicate solution obtained in the step (1) in a submerged injection mode; the whole feeding time is controlled to be 5-10 minutes, the stirring speed is 400-500 r/min, and the pH value of the sodium silicate solution is controlled to be 1.5-3.0, so that sol is obtained; the molar ratio of the aluminum oxalate to the yttrium oxalate is 100 in terms of oxide: 3.0; the molar ratio of the oxide of aluminum oxalate to the silicon oxide in sodium silicate is 3:100;
(3) Gel
Adding deionized water into sodium hydroxide or ammonia water to dilute to pH value of 11, and adding into a reaction kettle in a spraying manner; the materials in the reaction kettle are rapidly stirred at the speed of 2000 rpm while spraying, and when the pH value of the materials in the reaction kettle is 5.5, the spraying is stopped to obtain gel;
(4) Aging
Continuously stirring the materials in the reaction kettle at the speed of 20 revolutions per minute for 25 hours, aging the materials in the reaction kettle, and controlling the temperature of the materials in the reaction kettle to be 10 ℃;
(5) Solvent displacement
Continuously stirring for 90 minutes in the reaction kettle, and simultaneously adding n-hexane which is a displacement solvent and has the same volume as the aged materials in the reaction kettle in the step (4) to displace residual water;
(6) Surface modification
Continuously stirring in the reaction kettle, and continuously adding the coupling agent dimethoxy dimethyl silane with the same volume as the aged materials in the reaction kettle in the step (4); stirring for 80 minutes to obtain a silicon aerogel precursor coated with a replacement solvent n-hexane and a coupling agent dimethoxy dimethyl silane;
(7) Drying
Putting a silicon aerogel precursor into a drying kettle, filling nitrogen into the drying kettle to remove oxygen until the oxygen content in the drying kettle is less than 3%, then carrying out microwave vacuum drying on materials in the drying kettle for 70 minutes at a microwave frequency of 2450MHz, and drying at a temperature of 100 ℃ under a negative pressure of 0.1MPa in the drying kettle to obtain solid powdery silicon aerogel;
the filler is one or a combination of aluminum hydroxide, pseudo-boehmite and metaaluminate monohydrate;
the raw materials of the adhesive comprise the following components in parts by weight:
20-40 parts of sodium silicate;
15-25 parts of potassium silicate;
40-50 parts of distilled water;
15-20 parts of silica sol;
3-6 parts of a silane coupling agent;
15-20 parts of aluminum hydroxide;
uniformly stirring all the raw materials in the adhesive, then adding an acid solution to enable the pH value to be 7-9, stirring for 90-100min, and heating to 80-90 ℃ to obtain the adhesive;
the preparation method of the selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the silicon aerogel powder with an alcohol solvent, and then adding a filler and a silicon aerogel precursor for uniformly mixing; finally, adding the binder and the cellulose solution, uniformly mixing, kneading into clusters, extruding strips, cutting into small sections, rolling into spheres with the diameter of 1-3 mm, and roasting to prepare the selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline;
in the cellulose solution, the mass ratio of cellulose to water is 1:30-60.
2. The selective adsorbent for gasoline purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pore diameter of the silicon aerogel powder ranges from 1nm to 12nm;
in the cellulose solution, the molecular weight of the cellulose is 5 ten thousand to 7 ten thousand.
3. The selective adsorbent for gasoline purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: the silane coupling agent is one or a combination of perfluorooctyl trimethoxy silane, perfluorooctyl triethoxy silane and perfluorodecyl trimethoxy silane;
the solid content of the silica sol is 25-30%.
4. The selective adsorbent for gasoline purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preparation method of the adhesive comprises the following steps:
the acid solution is one or a solution prepared by combining nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and acetic acid; the weight ratio of the acid to the water in the acid solution is 4-9:1.
5. The method for producing a selective adsorbent for gasoline purification according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of: uniformly mixing the silicon aerogel powder with an alcohol solvent, and then adding a filler and a silicon aerogel precursor for uniformly mixing; and finally, adding the binder and the cellulose solution, uniformly mixing, kneading into clusters, extruding strips, cutting into small sections, rolling into spheres with the diameter of 1-3 mm, and roasting to prepare the selective adsorbent for purifying gasoline.
6. The method for producing a selective adsorbent for gasoline purification according to claim 5, characterized in that: the mass of the alcohol solvent is equal to that of the silicon aerogel powder, and the alcohol solvent is one or more of methanol, propanol and ethanol.
7. The method for producing a selective adsorbent for gasoline purification according to claim 5, characterized in that: the pressure during extrusion is 13-17MPa; the temperature curve of the roasting is that the temperature is firstly increased to 380 ℃, the heat is preserved for 0.6 hour, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min; then heating to 560 ℃, and preserving heat for 0.5 hour, wherein the heating rate is 1 ℃/min; finally, the temperature is raised to 660 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1 hour, and the temperature raising rate is 2 ℃/min.
8. Use of a selective adsorbent for gasoline purification according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: the adsorbent is used for purifying gasoline.
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