CN113694280A - Method for monitoring toxin content distribution in-vitro dialyzer in real time - Google Patents
Method for monitoring toxin content distribution in-vitro dialyzer in real time Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113694280A CN113694280A CN202111027533.5A CN202111027533A CN113694280A CN 113694280 A CN113694280 A CN 113694280A CN 202111027533 A CN202111027533 A CN 202111027533A CN 113694280 A CN113694280 A CN 113694280A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- concentration
- dialyzer
- distribution
- toxin
- potential
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1601—Control or regulation
- A61M1/1617—Control or regulation using measurements made during a temporary variation of a characteristic of the fresh dialysis fluid
Abstract
The invention provides a method for monitoring the distribution of the content of toxins in an extracorporeal dialyzer in real time, which comprises the following steps: a) implanting electrode probes into each monitoring position of a dialyzer, testing the in vitro clearance rate of toxins, and outputting potential signals; b) and converting the potential signal into concentration through an HPLC control system, and displaying the toxin concentration value of each monitoring position in real time. Compared with the prior art, the method for monitoring the toxin content distribution in the extracorporeal dialyzer in real time provided by the invention monitors the toxin distribution situation in a mode of converting toxin potential signals into toxin concentrations, realizes the real-time monitoring of the toxin concentration distribution situation in the dialyzer, has the characteristics of simplicity, rapidness, stability, high accuracy, strong pertinence, quantification and the like, is mainly suitable for the detection and analysis of the distribution situation of internal toxins in the dialyzer, the hemodiafiltration device, the hemofiltration device, the plasma separator and the like, and provides real data support for the design of a fiber membrane and a shell in the dialyzer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blood purification, in particular to a method for monitoring the distribution of toxin content in an extracorporeal dialyzer in real time.
Background
Chronic renal failure refers to a clinical syndrome consisting of a series of symptoms and metabolic disorders, which are caused by progressive irreversible decline of kidney function due to various kidney diseases until the function is lost, and is called chronic renal failure for short. The terminal stage of chronic renal failure is known as uremia.
The best solution for patients with chronic renal failure is kidney transplantation, but the kidney transplantation faces the problem of shortage of kidney sources, and the proportion of patients with kidney transplantation in China is very low. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are therefore the first choice for treating renal failure in patients with chronic kidney disease, while providing valuable time for renal source matching. Peritoneal dialysis is a dialysis method using the peritoneal membrane of the human body itself as a dialysis membrane, and peritoneal dialysis patients have problems such as peritonitis, and most peritoneal dialysis patients need hemodialysis replacement therapy after 5 years. Hemodialysis is a common treatment mode for replacing the kidney of patients with acute and chronic renal failure. It is treated by draining blood in vivo to the outside of body and dialyzing through a dialyzer, and exchanges substances through dispersion/convection, removes metabolic waste in the body and maintains electrolyte and acid-base balance; and simultaneously, excessive water in the body is removed.
The number of patients needing global kidney replacement therapy reaches 378 million by 2020, so how to improve the quality of life of dialysis patients is a process of continuous global exploration. With improving dialyzer performance being the most common solution. The dialysis membrane is a core component of the dialyzer, and the mass transfer efficiency of the dialysis membrane reflects the dialysis performance of the dialyzer.
According to Fick's law, the mass transfer efficiency of the dialysis membrane is related to diffusion coefficient, membrane area, dialyzer length and transmembrane transport concentration variation, wherein the diffusion coefficient, membrane area and dialyzer length theory of the substances in the commercial dialyzer belong to fixed values, and the transmembrane transport concentration variation directly reflects the mass transfer efficiency of the dialyzer, which is an important data support for designing the dialyzer.
However, the inside of the dialyzer is a sealed structure, and it is necessary to avoid contact with the outside, so it is very difficult to test the distribution of toxins at each site of the dialyzer (dialysate chamber/blood chamber). Currently, the detection of toxin content in hemodialyzer is mainly limited to monitoring at the inlet and outlet sides of the blood chamber, and the clinical aspect is usually performed by sampling through an artery/vein sampling port (clinical routine sampling), so as to monitor the clearance rate and the decline rate of the dialyzer on toxins; wherein, the toxin content of the arterial end sample can reflect the toxin content of the inlet end of the dialyzer, and the toxin content of the venous end sample can reflect the toxin content of the outlet end of the dialyzer. The dialyzer can indirectly reflect the quality of the dialysis effect on the clearance rate or the decline rate of the toxin, and has certain guiding significance on clinic, however, the method can not effectively test the distribution of the toxin in the flow direction of the blood chamber or the dialysate chamber in real time; namely, the prior art has the following disadvantages: (1) only the concentration of toxins at the inlet and the outlet of a hemodialyzer can be tested, and the distribution condition of the toxins in the hemodialyzer cannot be reflected; (2) the real-time monitoring of toxins inside the dialyzer blood chamber/dialysate chamber is not possible; (3) the test results can only be used for indirect simulation clinical analysis and can not be used for microscopic design analysis of the visual dialyzer.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for monitoring the distribution of toxin content in an extracorporeal dialyzer in real time, which realizes real-time monitoring of the distribution of toxins in the dialyzer by converting toxin potential signals into toxin concentrations.
The invention provides a method for monitoring the distribution of the content of toxins in an extracorporeal dialyzer in real time, which comprises the following steps:
a) implanting electrode probes into each monitoring position of a dialyzer, testing the in vitro clearance rate of toxins, and outputting potential signals;
b) and converting the potential signal into concentration through an HPLC control system, and displaying the toxin concentration value of each monitoring position in real time.
Preferably, the dialyzer in step a) comprises a hemodialyzer, a hemodiafiltration device, a hemofiltration device and a plasma separator.
Preferably, the process of implanting electrode probes into each monitoring position of the dialyzer in the step a) specifically comprises the following steps:
a1) and (3) performing perforation treatment on the surface of the dialyzer: taking the inlet direction of the blood chamber as the positive direction, punching holes in at least three positions at equal intervals along the axial direction of the dialyzer along the direction vertical to the axial direction;
a2) placing a potential probe: the center position probe of the potential probe was placed at the center of the punch in step a1), and then each punch position was sealed.
Preferably, the perforation at each position in the step a1) comprises five holes with equal intervals in the center of the perforation and in four directions of up, down, left and right, and the aperture of each hole is 2 mm-4 mm.
Preferably, the toxin in step a) is selected from one or more of phosphate, oxalate, creatine and uric acid.
Preferably, the process of the in vitro clearance test in step a) is specifically as follows:
preparing 1 mmol/L-30 mmol/L toxin simulation liquid; connecting a dialyzer to a dialysis machine, simulating the clinical process, setting the flow rate of a blood pump to be 200 mL/min-400 mL/min, the flow rate of dialysate to be 500 mL/min-800 mL/min, the temperature of the simulated liquid to be 35-39 ℃, and setting the dehydration quantity Q through the dialysis machineFThe value is obtained.
Preferably, in the step b), the potential signal is converted into the corresponding relation of concentration by an HPLC control system, and the corresponding relation is obtained according to the following steps:
b1) establishing a potential-concentration standard curve;
b2) calculating the concentration distribution of the dialysate chamber;
b3) calculating blood chamber concentration distribution by mass conservation law;
b4) drawing a change curve of the concentration of each position of the dialyzer;
b5) and editing the calculation steps into an HPLC control system to realize linkage of potential and concentration, displaying the concentration distribution of the toxin in the HPLC control system in real time, and drawing a concentration distribution curve of the dialyzer in the axial direction according to the concentration average value distribution of each point.
Preferably, the process of establishing the potential-concentration standard curve in the step b1) is specifically as follows:
preparing a standard simulation solution of the toxin, diluting the standard simulation solution into standard diluted solutions of the toxin with different concentrations, and testing the potential value of each standard diluted solution; and then drawing the potential value and the concentration of the corresponding standard diluted solution to form a potential-concentration standard curve.
Preferably, the calculation process of the concentration distribution of the dialysate chamber in the step b2) is specifically as follows:
substituting the average potential value of each probe position in the step a) into the standard curve drawn in the step b1) to obtain the average concentration value of each probe position in the dialysate chamber, and taking the average concentration value as the concentration value C of the dialysate chamber at the cross section position xDx。
Preferably, the formula for calculating the blood compartment concentration distribution by mass conservation law in step b3) is:
QB(CBx-CBO)＝QD(CDx-CDI)；
wherein Q isBSimulating the flow rate of fluid for the blood cell, CBxConcentration at x position of hemodialyzer, CBOIs the blood chamber outlet concentration, QDConcentration in the dialysate compartment, CDxDialyser x site concentration for the dialysate compartment; cDIIs the dialysate compartment inlet concentration.
The invention provides a method for monitoring the distribution of the content of toxins in an extracorporeal dialyzer in real time, which comprises the following steps: a) implanting electrode probes into each monitoring position of a dialyzer, testing the in vitro clearance rate of toxins, and outputting potential signals; b) and converting the potential signal into concentration through an HPLC control system, and displaying the toxin concentration value of each monitoring position in real time. Compared with the prior art, the method for monitoring the toxin content distribution in the dialyzer in real time provided by the invention can monitor the toxin distribution condition in a mode of converting toxin potential signals into toxin concentration, and can solve the problem that the toxin distribution in the flow direction of the dialyzer cannot be monitored in real time by matching with an HPLC control system; the method is simple to operate, can quantitatively monitor the distribution of the concentration of the toxins in the dialysate chamber in real time compared with 'clinical routine sampling', has the characteristics of simplicity, rapidness, stability, high accuracy, strong pertinence, quantization and the like, is mainly suitable for detecting and analyzing the distribution conditions of the toxins in the hemodialyzer, the hemodiafiltration device, the hemofiltration device, the plasma separator and the like, and provides real data support for the design of a fiber membrane and a shell in the dialyzer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring the distribution of the content of toxins in an extracorporeal dialyzer in real time according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a punching position of an implanted electrode probe according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram established in embodiment 1 of the present invention
(potential) - (-lgc) (concentration) standard curve;
FIG. 4 is a drawing of x-C according to example 1 of the present inventionBx/CDxA curve of variation.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for monitoring the distribution of the content of toxins in an extracorporeal dialyzer in real time, which comprises the following steps:
a) implanting electrode probes into each monitoring position of a dialyzer, testing the in vitro clearance rate of toxins, and outputting potential signals;
b) and converting the potential signal into concentration through an HPLC control system, and displaying the toxin concentration value of each monitoring position in real time.
The invention firstly implants electrode probes at each monitoring position of a dialyzer, then tests the clearance rate of toxin in vitro and outputs potential signals. In the present invention, the dialyzer preferably includes a hemodialyzer, a hemodiafiltration device, a hemofiltration device, and a plasma separator; on the basis, the method has a wide application detection range.
In the present invention, the process of implanting electrode probes into each monitoring position of the dialyzer preferably includes:
a1) and (3) performing perforation treatment on the surface of the dialyzer: taking the inlet direction of the blood chamber as the positive direction, punching holes in at least three positions at equal intervals along the axial direction of the dialyzer along the direction vertical to the axial direction;
a2) placing a potential probe: placing a center position probe of the potential probe at the center of the punching in the step a1), and then sealing each punching position;
more preferably:
a1) and (3) performing perforation treatment on the surface of the dialyzer: taking the inlet direction of the blood chamber as the positive direction, sequentially numbering five positions at equal intervals along the axial direction of the dialyzer, namely, firstly, numbering, secondly, sequentially, and punching a hole at each numbered position along the direction vertical to the axial direction;
a2) placing a potential probe: the center position probe of the potential probe is placed at the center of the perforation in the step a1), and then the position of each perforation is sealed by sealant to prevent the liquid in the dialysate chamber from leaking outwards.
In the present invention, the perforation at each position preferably includes five holes equally spaced in the center of the perforation and in four directions, i.e., up, down, left, and right, and the hole diameter of each hole is preferably 2mm to 4mm, more preferably 3 mm; and the fiber membrane filaments can not be damaged in the punching process.
In the present invention, the toxin is preferably selected from one or more of phosphate, oxalate, creatine and uric acid, more preferably phosphate, oxalate, creatine or uric acid, and more preferably phosphate. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the toxin is dipotassium phosphate.
In the present invention, the process of the in vitro clearance test is preferably specifically:
preparing 1 mmol/L-30 mmol/L toxin simulation liquid; connecting dialyzer to dialysis machine, and simulatingIn the clinical process, the flow rate of the blood pump is set to be 200 mL/min-400 mL/min, the flow rate of the dialysate is set to be 500 mL/min-800 mL/min, the temperature of the simulated liquid is 35-39 ℃, and the dehydration quantity Q is set by the dialysis machineFA value;
more preferably:
preparing 25 mmol/L-30 mmol/L toxin simulation liquid; connecting a dialyzer to a dialysis machine, simulating the clinical process, setting the flow rates of blood pumps to 200mL/min and 400mL/min, setting the flow rate of dialysate to 500mL/min, setting the temperature of simulated liquid to 37 ℃, and setting the dehydration quantity Q through the dialysis machine F0. In the invention, the flow rate of the blood pump can be set in a gradient manner according to actual requirements, and is preferably set to be 200mL/min, 300mL/min and 400 mL/min; the dialysate flow rate can preferably be designed to other flow rates, such as 600mL/min, 700mL/min, 800 mL/min.
In the invention, an HPLC and potential real-time monitoring system is opened, and the output potential signal is collected in real time.
Then, the invention converts the potential signal into concentration through an HPLC control system, and displays the toxin concentration value of each monitoring position in real time.
In the present invention, the conversion of the potential signal into the corresponding relationship of concentration by the HPLC control system is preferably obtained by the following steps:
b1) establishing a potential-concentration standard curve;
b2) calculating the concentration distribution of the dialysate chamber;
b3) calculating blood chamber concentration distribution by mass conservation law;
b4) drawing a change curve of the concentration of each position of the dialyzer;
b5) and editing the calculation steps into an HPLC control system to realize linkage of potential and concentration, displaying the concentration distribution of the toxin in the HPLC control system in real time, and drawing a concentration distribution curve of the dialyzer in the axial direction according to the concentration average value distribution of each point.
In the present invention, the process of establishing the potential-concentration standard curve is preferably specifically:
preparing standard analog solution of toxin, diluting to standard diluted solution of toxin with different concentrations, and testing each standard diluted solutionThe potential value of the liquid; then drawing the potential value and the concentration of the corresponding standard diluted solution to form a potential-concentration standard curve; in particular to
(potential) - (-lgc) (concentration) standard curve.
In the present invention, the process of calculating the concentration distribution in the dialysate compartment is preferably embodied as follows:
substituting the average potential value of each probe position in the step a) into the standard curve drawn in the step b1) to obtain the average concentration value of each probe position in the dialysate chamber, and taking the average concentration value as the concentration value C of the dialysate chamber at the cross section position xDx. In combination with the above description, the average potential value is the average potential value of each probe position (five holes equally spaced in the center of the hole and in the four directions of up, down, left and right).
In the present invention, the formula for calculating the blood compartment concentration distribution by the law of conservation of mass is preferably:
QB(CBx-CBO)＝QD(CDx-CDI)；
wherein Q isBSimulating the flow rate of fluid for the blood cell, CBxConcentration at x position of hemodialyzer, CBOIs the blood chamber outlet concentration, QDConcentration in the dialysate compartment, CDxDialyser x site concentration for the dialysate compartment; cDIIs the dialysate compartment inlet concentration.
In the present invention, CDxDetermined by step b2), according to the law of conservation of mass, CBxThe formula is used for solving the problem that x is different positions of the dialyzer.
In the invention, the concentration change curve of each position of the dialyzer is drawn, namely x-CBx/CDxA curve of variation.
In the prior art, sampling through a sampling port can only test the concentration of toxins at an inlet and an outlet of a hemocoel of a dialyzer, and the distribution condition of the toxins in the dialyzer cannot be reflected in real time; the invention can quantitatively monitor the concentration distribution of the toxin in the dialysate chamber in real time, and the technical cost is very low; meanwhile, according to the mass conservation law, the concentration distribution of the toxin in the dialysate chamber can be converted into the concentration distribution of each point of the blood chamber, and finally the concentration distribution diagram of each point of the blood chamber and the dialysate chamber is drawn, so that the method is very important for guiding the design of blood purifying equipment such as a dialyzer and the like.
The invention provides a method for monitoring the distribution of the content of toxins in an extracorporeal dialyzer in real time, which comprises the following steps: a) implanting electrode probes into each monitoring position of a dialyzer, testing the in vitro clearance rate of toxins, and outputting potential signals; b) and converting the potential signal into concentration through an HPLC control system, and displaying the toxin concentration value of each monitoring position in real time. Compared with the prior art, the method for monitoring the toxin content distribution in the dialyzer in real time provided by the invention can monitor the toxin distribution condition in a mode of converting toxin potential signals into toxin concentration, and can solve the problem that the toxin distribution in the flow direction of the dialyzer cannot be monitored in real time by matching with an HPLC control system; the method is simple to operate, can quantitatively monitor the distribution of the concentration of the toxins in the dialysate chamber in real time compared with 'clinical routine sampling', has the characteristics of simplicity, rapidness, stability, high accuracy, strong pertinence, quantization and the like, is mainly suitable for detecting and analyzing the distribution conditions of the toxins in the hemodialyzer, the hemodiafiltration device, the hemofiltration device, the plasma separator and the like, and provides real data support for the design of a fiber membrane and a shell in the dialyzer.
To further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are provided for illustration.
Example 1
(1) Implanting an electrode probe:
firstly, perforating on the surface of the dialyzer: taking the inlet direction of the blood chamber as the positive direction, sequentially numbering the first, the second and the fifth at equal intervals along the axial direction of the dialyzer, punching holes A, B, C and D at each numbering position at equal intervals along the direction vertical to the axial direction, wherein the hole diameter is 3mm, the fiber membrane yarns cannot be damaged in the punching process, and the punching positions are shown in figure 2; then a potential probe is placed: the probe at the central position of the potential probe is placed at a point E in the figure 2 according to the size of the shell, and after the probe is placed, the positions of the holes are sealed by sealant, so that the liquid in a dialysate chamber is prevented from leaking outwards.
(2) And (3) carrying out in-vitro clearance rate test, further outputting a potential signal, and finally outputting a result through signal conversion:
preparing 27.58mmol/L dipotassium phosphate toxin simulation solution; connecting a dialyzer to a dialysis machine, simulating the clinical process, setting the flow rates of blood pumps to 200mL/min and 400mL/min, setting the flow rate of dialysate to 500mL/min, setting the temperature of simulated liquid to 37 ℃, and setting the dehydration quantity Q through the dialysis machine F0; and simultaneously, the HPLC and the potential real-time monitoring system are opened, potential signals are collected in real time, and the potential signals are converted into concentration through the HPLC control system, so that the toxin concentration value of each monitoring position is displayed in real time.
The potential signal is converted into a corresponding relation of concentration, and the corresponding relation is obtained according to the following steps:
establishing a potential-concentration standard curve:
accurately weighing 6.8466g K2HPO4·3H2O(Mw228.22) putting the solid in a beaker, diluting the solid with experimental water, transferring the solid to a 1000mL volumetric flask, and preparing a standard simulation solution with the concentration of 30 mmol/L; then diluted with laboratory water to 20mmol/L, 15mmol/L, 10mmol/L, 5mmol/L, 2mmol/L, 1.5mmol/L, 1mmol/L, 0.5mmol/L, respectively, and the potential values of each standard diluted solution were measured as shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 potential values and standard equation (R) for each standard dilution solution2≥0.99)
Plotting the potential value and the corresponding concentration of the diluted solution
(potential) - (-lgc) (concentration) standard curve, as shown in FIG. 3. The potential variation range in the standard curve needs to include a potential real-time monitoring value.
Calculating the concentration distribution of the dialysate chamber:
substituting the average potential values of the probe positions (A, B, C, D and E) in the step (1) into the standard curve drawn in the step (r) to obtain the probe positions of the dialysate chamberAverage concentration value as the dialysate chamber concentration value C at the cross-sectional position xDx。
Thirdly, calculating the concentration distribution of the blood chamber through a mass conservation law:
QB(CBx-CBO)＝QD(CDx-CDI)；
wherein Q isBSimulating a fluid flow rate for the blood chamber; cBxConcentration for hemo-chamber dialyzer x position; cBOIs the blood compartment outlet concentration; qDIs dialysate compartment concentration; cDxDialyser x site concentration for the dialysate compartment; cDIIs dialysate compartment inlet concentration;
CDxcalculated by the step two, according to the law of conservation of mass, CBxThe formula is used for solving the problem that x is different positions of the dialyzer.
Fourthly, drawing the change curve of each position concentration of the dialyzer, namely drawing x-CBx/CDxA curve of variation.
And fifthly, compiling the calculation steps into an HPLC control system to realize linkage of potential and concentration, displaying the concentration distribution of the toxin in the HPLC control system in real time, and drawing a concentration distribution curve of the dialyzer in the axial direction according to the concentration average value distribution of each point.
The output result data is shown in table 2; drawing x-CBx/CDxThe variation is shown in fig. 4.
TABLE 2 comparison of flow rate and concentration deviations for different simulated fluids
The experimental result shows that (1) the average value of the concentration difference between a blood chamber and a dialysate chamber is smaller compared with 200mL/min and 400mL/min, so that the mass transfer capacity of 200mL/min is less than 400 mL/min; (2) the invention can also compare the mass transfer capacities of a plurality of types of dialyzer membrane filaments with the same membrane area, and the larger the mean value of the concentration difference between the blood chamber and the dialysate chamber is, the stronger the mass transfer capacity of the fiber membrane is, thereby providing a basis for designing a high-efficiency dialyzer.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A method for monitoring the distribution of the content of toxins in an in vitro dialyzer in real time comprises the following steps:
a) implanting electrode probes into each monitoring position of a dialyzer, testing the in vitro clearance rate of toxins, and outputting potential signals;
b) and converting the potential signal into concentration through an HPLC control system, and displaying the toxin concentration value of each monitoring position in real time.
2. The method of real-time monitoring of the distribution of the toxin content in an extracorporeal dialyzer according to claim 1, wherein the dialyzer in step a) comprises a hemodialyzer, a hemodiafiltration unit, a hemofilter and a plasma separator.
3. The method for real-time monitoring of the distribution of the content of toxins in an extracorporeal dialyzer according to claim 1, wherein the step a) of implanting electrode probes at each monitoring position of the dialyzer comprises:
a1) and (3) performing perforation treatment on the surface of the dialyzer: taking the inlet direction of the blood chamber as the positive direction, punching holes in at least three positions at equal intervals along the axial direction of the dialyzer along the direction vertical to the axial direction;
a2) placing a potential probe: the center position probe of the potential probe was placed at the center of the punch in step a1), and then each punch position was sealed.
4. The method for real-time monitoring of the distribution of the content of the toxins in the extracorporeal dialyzer in accordance with claim 3, wherein the perforation at each position in step a1) comprises a perforation center and five perforations equally spaced in four directions, namely, up, down, left and right, wherein the diameter of each perforation is 2mm to 4 mm.
5. The method for real-time monitoring of the distribution of the toxin content in an extracorporeal dialyzer in accordance with claim 1, wherein in step a) the toxin is selected from one or more of the group consisting of phosphate, oxalate, creatine and uric acid.
6. The method for real-time monitoring of the distribution of the content of toxins in an extracorporeal dialyzer according to claim 1, wherein the extracorporeal clearance test in step a) is performed by:
preparing 1 mmol/L-30 mmol/L toxin simulation liquid; connecting a dialyzer to a dialysis machine, simulating the clinical process, setting the flow rate of a blood pump to be 200 mL/min-400 mL/min, the flow rate of dialysate to be 500 mL/min-800 mL/min, the temperature of the simulated liquid to be 35-39 ℃, and setting the dehydration quantity Q through the dialysis machineFThe value is obtained.
7. The method for real-time monitoring of the distribution of the content of the toxins in the extracorporeal dialyzer according to claim 1, wherein the potential signal is converted into the corresponding relationship of the concentrations in step b) by an HPLC control system, and the corresponding relationship is obtained by the following steps:
b1) establishing a potential-concentration standard curve;
b2) calculating the concentration distribution of the dialysate chamber;
b3) calculating blood chamber concentration distribution by mass conservation law;
b4) drawing a change curve of the concentration of each position of the dialyzer;
b5) and editing the calculation steps into an HPLC control system to realize linkage of potential and concentration, displaying the concentration distribution of the toxin in the HPLC control system in real time, and drawing a concentration distribution curve of the dialyzer in the axial direction according to the concentration average value distribution of each point.
8. The method for real-time monitoring of the distribution of the content of the toxins in the dialyzer in vitro as set forth in claim 7, wherein the process of establishing the standard curve of potential-concentration in step b1) is specifically as follows:
preparing a standard simulation solution of the toxin, diluting the standard simulation solution into standard diluted solutions of the toxin with different concentrations, and testing the potential value of each standard diluted solution; and then drawing the potential value and the concentration of the corresponding standard diluted solution to form a potential-concentration standard curve.
9. The method for real-time monitoring of the concentration profile of the toxin in the dialyzer in vitro as set forth in claim 7, wherein the calculation of the concentration profile of the dialysate compartment in step b2) is specifically performed by:
substituting the average potential value of each probe position in the step a) into the standard curve drawn in the step b1) to obtain the average concentration value of each probe position in the dialysate chamber, and taking the average concentration value as the concentration value C of the dialysate chamber at the cross section position xDx。
10. The method for real-time monitoring of the distribution of the concentration of the toxins in the extracorporeal dialyzer in accordance with claim 7, wherein the formula for calculating the concentration distribution of the blood compartment in step b3) by the law of mass conservation is:
QB(CBx-CBO)＝QD(CDx-CDI)；
wherein Q isBSimulating the flow rate of fluid for the blood cell, CBxConcentration at x position of hemodialyzer, CBOIs the blood chamber outlet concentration, QDConcentration in the dialysate compartment, CDxDialyser x site concentration for the dialysate compartment; cDIIs the dialysate compartment inlet concentration.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111027533.5A CN113694280B (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Method for monitoring in-vitro dialyzer toxin content distribution in real time |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111027533.5A CN113694280B (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Method for monitoring in-vitro dialyzer toxin content distribution in real time |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113694280A true CN113694280A (en) | 2021-11-26 |
| CN113694280B CN113694280B (en) | 2023-05-05 |
Family
ID=78657506
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111027533.5A Active CN113694280B (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Method for monitoring in-vitro dialyzer toxin content distribution in real time |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113694280B (en) |
Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5110477A (en) * | 1990-02-13 | 1992-05-05 | Howard David B | Dialyzer clearance check system |
| WO2000024440A1 (en) * | 1998-10-23 | 2000-05-04 | Gambro Ab | Method and device for measuring access flow |
| JP2000167045A (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2000-06-20 | Asahi Medical Co Ltd | Operation of hemodialyzer and hemodialyzer |
| US20050051466A1 (en) * | 2003-07-02 | 2005-03-10 | Carter Lee F. | Monitoring and control system for blood processing |
| CN1879900A (en) * | 2005-06-17 | 2006-12-20 | 缪志俊 | In vitro molecular adsorption and circulation system |
| CN102159260A (en) * | 2008-09-15 | 2011-08-17 | B·布莱恩·阿维图姆股份公司 | Method and device to early predict kt/v parameter in kidney substitution treatments |
| CN103721306A (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2014-04-16 | B·布莱恩·阿维图姆股份公司 | Dialysis optimisation method |
| US20160051742A1 (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2016-02-25 | B. Braun Avitum Ag | System for identifying a dialyzer apparatus or a component thereof, and sensor device which can be used for this purpose |
| CN105363082A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2016-03-02 | B·布莱恩·阿维图姆股份公司 | Method for adjusting a blood flow in a dialysis device and dialysis device |
| CN106693096A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-24 | 北京迈淩医疗技术发展有限公司 | Hemodialysis device and method capable of online measuring urea clearance index |
| CN106983923A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-07-28 | 上海健康医学院 | Urea nitrogen content on-line monitoring method and system in a kind of hemodialysis blood |
-
2021
- 2021-09-02 CN CN202111027533.5A patent/CN113694280B/en active Active
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5110477A (en) * | 1990-02-13 | 1992-05-05 | Howard David B | Dialyzer clearance check system |
| WO2000024440A1 (en) * | 1998-10-23 | 2000-05-04 | Gambro Ab | Method and device for measuring access flow |
| JP2000167045A (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2000-06-20 | Asahi Medical Co Ltd | Operation of hemodialyzer and hemodialyzer |
| US20050051466A1 (en) * | 2003-07-02 | 2005-03-10 | Carter Lee F. | Monitoring and control system for blood processing |
| CN1879900A (en) * | 2005-06-17 | 2006-12-20 | 缪志俊 | In vitro molecular adsorption and circulation system |
| CN102159260A (en) * | 2008-09-15 | 2011-08-17 | B·布莱恩·阿维图姆股份公司 | Method and device to early predict kt/v parameter in kidney substitution treatments |
| CN103721306A (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2014-04-16 | B·布莱恩·阿维图姆股份公司 | Dialysis optimisation method |
| US20160051742A1 (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2016-02-25 | B. Braun Avitum Ag | System for identifying a dialyzer apparatus or a component thereof, and sensor device which can be used for this purpose |
| CN105363082A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2016-03-02 | B·布莱恩·阿维图姆股份公司 | Method for adjusting a blood flow in a dialysis device and dialysis device |
| CN106693096A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-24 | 北京迈淩医疗技术发展有限公司 | Hemodialysis device and method capable of online measuring urea clearance index |
| CN106983923A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-07-28 | 上海健康医学院 | Urea nitrogen content on-line monitoring method and system in a kind of hemodialysis blood |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113694280B (en) | 2023-05-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Bammens et al. | Removal of the protein-bound solute p-cresol by convective transport: a randomized crossover study | |
| US10179199B2 (en) | Medical apparatus for extracorporeal blood treatment and method for determining a blood parameter value in a medical apparatus thereof | |
| US4844871A (en) | Method of determining the partial pressure of gases in blood and an apparatus for performing the method | |
| CN102802719B (en) | Regional citrate anticoagulation agent dialysis process | |
| WO2003097121A2 (en) | 'biosensor for dialysis therapy' | |
| JPH03173569A (en) | Internal measurement of blood dialysis parameter | |
| US20190022292A1 (en) | Apparatus and method for carrying out an isonatremic dialysis | |
| Sherman et al. | Recirculation reassessed: The impact of blood flow rate and the low-flow method reevaluated | |
| CN105517490B (en) | Full-automatic citric acid partially anti-freezing function machine | |
| CN113694280B (en) | Method for monitoring in-vitro dialyzer toxin content distribution in real time | |
| CN207101561U (en) | A kind of haemodialyser for the detectable liquid level being easily installed | |
| CN212748801U (en) | Liquid path system, liquid path system module and electrolyte analyzer | |
| JPS6323099Y2 (en) | ||
| CN212521772U (en) | Device for monitoring dynamic change of blood ionized calcium in real time on line and used for CRRT (continuous room temperature recovery) device | |
| CN206710304U (en) | Urea nitrogen creatinine content on-line monitoring system in a kind of hemodialysis dialyzate | |
| CN206804517U (en) | Creatinine content on-line monitoring system in a kind of hemodialysis blood | |
| CN207147968U (en) | Urea nitrogen creatinine content on-line monitoring system in a kind of hemodialysis blood | |
| CN106983923B (en) | Online monitoring method and system for urea nitrogen content in hemodialysis blood | |
| CN213347138U (en) | Circulating tumor cell separation and enrichment device based on closed loop | |
| CN206166928U (en) | Negative pressure suction filtration formula plasma collection system suitable for medical test | |
| CN106918573A (en) | Creatinine content on-line monitoring method and system in a kind of hemodialysis dialyzate | |
| CN216847643U (en) | Degassing unit and glycated haemoglobin analysis appearance | |
| CN216248003U (en) | Automatic change protein screening coefficient testing arrangement | |
| CN218412341U (en) | Small molecule drug detection device | |
| CN116162680A (en) | Method for quantitatively evaluating thrombus degree of blood purification device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |