CN113694277A

CN113694277A - Multistage pressure regulating formula blood filtration device

Info

Publication number: CN113694277A
Application number: CN202110950629.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卞敬培
Original assignee: Suzhou Caihao Electronic Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: National Medicine Group Shanghai Blood Product Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-18
Filing date: 2021-08-18
Publication date: 2021-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-18
Also published as: CN113694277B; CN118252992A

Abstract

The invention discloses a multistage pressure regulating type blood filtering device, which comprises a filter and is characterized in that: the blood pressure adjusting device is characterized in that a filtering mechanism is arranged in the filter, a detecting mechanism is arranged on the right side of the filtering mechanism, a negative pressure collecting mechanism is connected to a right side pipeline of the filtering mechanism, the detecting mechanism is fixedly connected with the filter, the detecting mechanism is connected with the negative pressure collecting mechanism through a pipeline, the filtering mechanism comprises a blood cavity, the blood cavity is located on the left side of the filter, a filtering membrane is arranged in the middle of the filter, a convection box is arranged on the right side of the filter, the negative pressure collecting mechanism comprises a buffer box, the buffer box is connected with the right side pipeline of the convection box, an upstream pipeline of the buffer box is connected with a blood pump, an upstream pipeline of the blood pump is connected with a waste liquid box, and the upper end of the blood cavity is connected with an artery of a human body.

Description

Multistage pressure regulating formula blood filtration device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a multistage pressure regulating type blood filtration device.

Background

Hemofiltration is the process of passing blood through a filter in an extracorporeal circuit, either by a machine pump or the patient's own blood pressure, filtering out a large amount of liquid and solute under the action of filter overpressure, and simultaneously supplementing electrolyte solution similar to the plasma liquid component to achieve the purpose of blood purification, in the process of hemofiltration controlled by the blood pressure of a patient, because the filter removes solution and partial impurities mainly through the convection action and the transmembrane pressure, the blood pressure of a human body is continuously changed along with the progress of the hemofiltration, and the pressure is required to be adjusted to adapt to the blood pressure, so as to achieve the best filtration effect, once the pressure of the hemofiltration device on the market is set, the hemofiltration device cannot be automatically adjusted, the effect of blood filtration is influenced to a certain extent, so that it is necessary to design a multistage pressure regulating type blood filtration device which has strong practicability and can automatically regulate pressure according to the blood pressure of a human body.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to provide a multistage pressure-regulating hemofiltration device to solve the problems of the background art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a multi-stage pressure regulating type blood filtering device comprises a filter, and is characterized in that: the device comprises a filter, a detection mechanism, a negative pressure collection mechanism, a negative pressure detection mechanism and a negative pressure detection mechanism, wherein the filter is internally provided with the filter, the right side of the filter is provided with the detection mechanism, the right side pipeline of the filter is connected with the negative pressure collection mechanism, the detection mechanism is fixedly connected with the filter, and the detection mechanism is connected with the negative pressure collection mechanism through a pipeline.

According to the technical scheme, the filtering mechanism comprises a blood cavity, the blood cavity is located on the left side of the filter, a filtering membrane is arranged in the middle of the filter, a convection box is arranged on the right side of the filter, the negative pressure collecting mechanism comprises a buffer box, the buffer box is connected with a right pipeline of the convection box, an upstream pipeline of the buffer box is connected with a blood pump, an upstream pipeline of the blood pump is connected with a waste liquid box, the upper end of the blood cavity is connected with an artery of a human body, and the lower end of the blood cavity is connected with a vein of the human body.

According to the technical scheme, the detection mechanism comprises a movable shaft, the movable shaft is movably connected with the filter, a liquid cavity is formed in the movable shaft, a spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the movable shaft, a piston is fixedly connected to the other end of the spring, a pull rope is fixedly connected to the outer circle of the movable shaft, a cleaning ball is fixedly connected to the other end of the pull rope, a taper hole is formed in the top of the buffer box, a tension spring is fixedly connected to the lower end of the taper hole, a taper plug is fixedly connected to the other end of the tension spring, a partition plate is arranged in the middle of the taper plug and divides the taper plug into a lower cavity and an upper cavity, a through hole is formed in the middle of the partition plate, and the upper cavity is connected with a liquid cavity pipeline.

According to the technical scheme, a replacement liquid tank is arranged on one side of the filter, a liquid pump is connected to a downstream pipeline of the replacement liquid tank, and the liquid pump is connected with a blood cavity pipeline.

According to the technical scheme, the cavity is formed in the middle pipeline of the liquid pump and the blood cavity, the elastic pull rope is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the cavity, the flow limiting valve is fixedly connected to the other end of the elastic pull rope, gas is arranged inside the cavity, and the cavity is connected with the lower cavity pipeline.

According to the technical scheme, the switch is fixedly connected to the right side of the filtering membrane, the electric appliance box is fixedly connected to the upper end of the convection box, the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the electric appliance box and fixedly connected with the switch, the motor is arranged inside the convection box, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, the elastic rope is fixedly connected to the outer circle of the rotating shaft, the convex block is fixedly connected to the other end of the elastic rope, the concave block is arranged on the inner side of the movable shaft, and the switch is electrically connected with the motor.

According to the technical scheme, an air cavity is arranged inside the cleaning ball, a plurality of groups of small holes are formed in the outer wall of the cleaning ball, pressure springs are fixedly connected inside the plurality of groups of small holes, brushes are movably connected inside the pressure springs, and the air cavity is connected with a lower cavity pipeline.

According to the technical scheme, the right side of the electrical appliance box is fixedly connected with an air bag, the air bag is fixedly connected with a switch, a left passage and a right passage are arranged between an artery and a vein of a human body, an adjusting cavity is arranged between the left passage and the right passage, the adjusting cavity is fixedly connected with a filter, an air chamber is arranged on the right side of the adjusting cavity, a return spring is fixedly connected inside the adjusting cavity, the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected with a movable plug, the left passage and the right passage are both movably connected with the movable plug, and the air chamber is connected with an air bag pipeline.

According to the technical scheme, the filtering membrane is made of a high polymer material.

According to the technical scheme, the cleaning ball and the hairbrush are made of flexible materials.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention can filter and separate harmful substances in blood by arranging the filtering mechanism to achieve the aim of blood purification, can sense the pressure during blood filtration at any time by arranging the detection mechanism, and can adjust the negative pressure set by the negative pressure collection mechanism in real time according to the flow, and because the flow of body fluid is related to the pressure difference, the supplementing speed of supplementing fluid can be adjusted in real time according to the pressure, and the supplementing fluid can be automatically cleared and washed under the condition that the filtering mechanism is blocked, thereby achieving the aim of intelligent filtration.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an overall front cross-sectional structural schematic view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the partial structure at A of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the partial structure of the present invention at B;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the partial structure at C of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the partial structure at D of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the invention in partial configuration at E;

in the figure: 1. a filter; 2. a blood chamber; 3. filtering through a membrane; 4. a rotating shaft; 5. pulling a rope; 6. cleaning balls; 7. a liquid chamber; 8. a spring; 9. a piston; 10. a bump; 11. a concave block; 12. a tension spring; 13. a movable shaft; 14. a switch; 15. a taper hole; 16. a conical plug; 17. a partition plate; 18. a buffer tank; 19. a blood pump; 20. a waste liquid tank; 21. a through hole; 22. a lower cavity; 23. an upper chamber; 24. a torsion spring; 25. an air cavity; 26. a small hole; 27. a pressure spring; 28. a brush; 29. an electrical box; 30. an elastic cord; 31. a replacement fluid tank; 32. a liquid pump; 33. a cavity; 34. a flow-limiting valve; 35. an elastic pull rope; 36. a convection box; 37. an air bag; 38. adjusting the cavity; 39. a movable plug; 40. an air chamber; 41. a left passageway; 42. a right path; 43. and a restoring spring.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-7, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a multistage pressure regulating type blood filtering device comprises a filter 1, and is characterized in that: the blood purification device is characterized in that a filtering mechanism is arranged in the filter 1, a detection mechanism is arranged on the right side of the filtering mechanism, a negative pressure collection mechanism is connected to a right pipeline of the filtering mechanism, the detection mechanism is fixedly connected with the filter 1 and is connected with the negative pressure collection mechanism through a pipeline, harmful substances in blood can be filtered and separated through the arrangement of the filtering mechanism, the purpose of blood purification is achieved, the detection mechanism can sense the pressure during blood filtration at any time and adjust the negative pressure of the negative pressure collection mechanism in real time according to the flow, and the supplement speed of a supplement liquid can be adjusted in real time according to the pressure because the flow of body fluid is related to the pressure difference, and the supplement liquid can be automatically cleared and washed under the condition that the filtering mechanism is blocked, so that the purpose of intelligent filtration is achieved;

the filtering mechanism comprises a blood cavity 2, the blood cavity 2 is positioned on the left side of the filter 1, a filtering membrane 3 is arranged in the middle of the filter 1, a convection box 36 is arranged on the right side of the filter 1, the negative pressure collecting mechanism comprises a buffer box 18, the buffer box 18 is connected with a right pipeline of the convection box 36, an upstream pipeline of the buffer box 18 is connected with a blood pump 19, an upstream pipeline of the blood pump 19 is connected with a waste liquid box 20, the upper end of the blood cavity 2 is connected with an artery of a human body, the lower end of the blood cavity 2 is connected with a vein of the human body, blood flows out of the artery and enters the blood cavity 2 under the action of the blood pressure of the human body, harmful small and medium molecules and blood plasma in the blood pass through the filtering membrane 3 and enter the convection box 36 and then pass through the buffer box 18 and enter the waste liquid box 20, and other parts in the blood enter the vein of the human body through a pipeline at the lower end of the blood cavity 2 so as to filter harmful substances, the purpose of purifying blood;

the detection mechanism comprises a movable shaft 13, the movable shaft 13 is movably connected with the filter 1, a liquid cavity 7 is arranged inside the movable shaft 13, a spring 8 is fixedly connected inside the movable shaft 13, the other end of the spring 8 is fixedly connected with a piston 9, a pull rope 5 is fixedly connected with the excircle of the movable shaft 13, a cleaning ball 6 is fixedly connected with the other end of the pull rope 5, a conical hole 15 is arranged at the top of a buffer tank 18, a tension spring 12 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the conical hole 15, a conical plug 16 is fixedly connected with the other end of the tension spring 12, a partition plate 17 is arranged in the middle of the conical plug 16, the conical plug 16 is divided into a lower cavity 22 and an upper cavity 23 by the partition plate 17, a through hole 21 is arranged in the middle of the partition plate 17, the upper cavity 23 is in pipeline connection with the liquid cavity 7, the conical plug 16 is in a half-open state in an initial state, filtered solution flows to a waste liquid tank 20 under the action of a blood pump 19, so that the solute in a convection tank 36 forms left-to-right fluid, thereby generating a force action on the cleaning ball 6 to push the cleaning ball 6 to drive the liquid chamber 7 to move clockwise together with the movable shaft 13, when the liquid chamber 7 rotates, due to the action of centrifugal force, the piston 9 moves towards the far shaft end to push the liquid in the liquid chamber 7 to enter the upper chamber 23, along with the entry of the liquid in the upper chamber 23, the weight of the conical plug 16 is gradually increased due to the entry of the liquid, and the conical plug moves downwards slowly, so that the opening range of the conical hole 15 is reduced, the negative pressure is reduced, the convection speed of solute in the convection box 36 is reduced, the rotating speed of the liquid chamber 7 is reduced, the liquid entering the upper chamber 23 is also reduced, the conical plug 16 moves upwards slowly, so that the opening range of the conical hole 15 is reduced, the negative pressure is increased, and the rotating speed of the liquid chamber 7 and the generated negative pressure are maintained in a stable dynamic balance state, therefore, when the blood pressure of the human body is small, the rotating speed of the liquid cavity 7 is reduced, so that the generated negative pressure is increased, and when the blood pressure of the human body is increased, the rotating speed of the liquid cavity 7 is increased, so that the generated negative pressure is reduced, so that the pressure difference can be automatically adjusted through the interaction of the detection mechanism and the negative pressure collection mechanism, so that the pressure difference is kept in a stable state, and the blood filtration is guaranteed;

a replacement liquid tank 31 is arranged on one side of the filter 1, a liquid pump 32 is connected to a downstream pipeline of the replacement liquid tank 31, the liquid pump 32 is connected with a blood cavity 2 through a pipeline, and when the filter mechanism discharges a solution, the replacement liquid in the replacement liquid tank 31 is pumped into the blood cavity 2 through the liquid pump 32, so that the purpose of supplementing blood is achieved;

a cavity 33 is arranged on the middle pipeline between the liquid pump 32 and the blood cavity 2, an elastic pull rope 35 is fixedly connected with the upper part of the cavity 33, a flow limiting valve 34 is fixedly connected with the other end of the elastic pull rope 35, gas is arranged in the cavity 33, the cavity 33 is connected with the lower cavity 22 through a pipeline, the pressure difference is kept constant under normal conditions, and the flow rate of the solution discharged by the filtering mechanism is kept constant, so that the supplement of the replacement liquid is kept at a certain speed, when the blood pressure of a human body is reduced, the solution entering the convection box 36 is less, the rotating speed of the liquid cavity 7 is reduced, the liquid entering the upper cavity 23 from the interior of the cavity is reduced, the pressure of the lower cavity 22 is reduced, the gas in the cavity 33 enters the lower cavity 22 through the pipeline, so that the flow limiting valve 34 moves upwards, the pipeline is narrowed, the replacement liquid conveyed to the blood cavity 2 is reduced, the solution loss is reduced, and when the blood pressure of the human body is increased, the solution entering the convection box 36 is more, which can cause the rotating speed of the liquid cavity 7 to be faster, the liquid entering the upper cavity 23 from the interior of the convection box is increased, so that the pressure of the lower cavity 22 is increased, the gas in the lower cavity 22 enters the cavity 33 through a pipeline, so that the flow limiting valve 34 moves downwards, the pipeline is widened, and the amount of the replacement liquid conveyed to the blood cavity 2 is increased, so as to adapt to more solution loss, therefore, the conveying flow of the replacement liquid can be adjusted in real time through the change of the blood pressure of a human body, and the purpose of stabilizing the blood is achieved;

the right side of the filtering membrane 3 is fixedly connected with a switch 14, the upper end of the convection box 36 is fixedly connected with an electric appliance box 29, the upper end of the electric appliance box 29 is fixedly connected with a torsion spring 24, the torsion spring 24 is fixedly connected with the switch 14, the inside of the convection box 36 is provided with a motor, an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft 4, the excircle of the rotating shaft 4 is fixedly connected with an elastic rope 30, the other end of the elastic rope 30 is fixedly connected with a convex block 10, the inner side of a movable shaft 13 is provided with a concave block 11, the switch 14 is electrically connected with the motor, along with the progress of blood filtration, some macromolecules in the blood can be attached to the filtering membrane 3 and can block the filtering of the blood, along with the slow accumulation of the macromolecules, the filtering membrane 3 can be blocked, at the moment, the liquid in the convection box 36 is sucked away by increased negative pressure, the liquid cavity 7 also stops moving due to the disappearance of pressure difference at the left side and the right side of the filtering membrane 3, the filtering membrane 3 is extruded and bulges rightwards, meanwhile, the push switch 14 is closed, the motor drives the rotating shaft 4 to rotate anticlockwise after being electrified, the concave block 11 connected with the elastic rope 30 moves towards the far shaft end along with the rotation of the rotating shaft 4 and is clamped in the middle of the convex block 10 of the movable shaft 13, so that the liquid cavity 7 is driven to move clockwise, the liquid cavity 7 rotates faster because the rotating speed of the motor is higher, the generated negative pressure also reaches the maximum value, the suction force of the motor on the filtering membrane 3 is increased to the maximum value, and macromolecules can extrude the filtering membrane 3 under the action of large suction force, so that the cleaning effect on the filtering membrane 3 is achieved;

an air cavity 25 is arranged inside the cleaning ball 6, a plurality of groups of small holes 26 are arranged on the outer wall of the cleaning ball 6, a pressure spring 27 is fixedly connected inside the plurality of groups of small holes 26, a brush 28 is movably connected inside the pressure spring 27, the air cavity 25 is connected with the lower cavity 22 through a pipeline, when the filtering membrane 3 is blocked, the centrifugal force applied to the cleaning ball 6 is large because the liquid cavity 7 rotates at a high speed, the rotating diameter of the cleaning ball reaches the maximum, when the cleaning ball 6 rotates to the farthest distance, the cleaning ball can collide with the filtering membrane 3, so that the filtering membrane 3 generates intermittent vibration, macromolecules attached to the filtering membrane 3 are shaken down into blood, the cleaning effect on the filtering membrane 3 is achieved, meanwhile, because the liquid cavity 7 rotates at a high speed, more liquid in the liquid enters the upper cavity 23, so that the gas in the cleaning ball 22 enters the air cavity 25 of the cleaning ball 6, and the brush 28 is pushed out of the small holes 26 by the gas in the entering air cavity 25, thereby leading the cleaning ball 6 to wash the inner surface of the filtering membrane 3 while vibrating the filtering membrane 3, and achieving the purpose of double cleaning;

the right side of the electrical box 29 is fixedly connected with an air bag 37, the air bag 37 is fixedly connected with a switch 14, a left passage 41 and a right passage 42 are arranged between the artery and the vein of the human body, an adjusting cavity 38 is arranged between the left passage 41 and the right passage 42, the adjusting cavity 38 is fixedly connected with the filter 1, the right side of the adjusting cavity 38 is provided with an air chamber 40, a movable plug 39 is arranged inside the adjusting cavity 38, the left passage 41 and the right passage 42 are movably connected with the movable plug 39, the air chamber 40 is connected with the air bag 37 through a pipeline, when the filtering mechanism normally works, blood circulates through the right passage 42, when the filtering membrane 3 is blocked, the rightward movement of the switch 14 can squeeze the air bag 37, so that liquid in the air bag 37 enters the air chamber 40 and pushes the movable plug 39 to move rightward, at the moment, the right passage 42 is closed, the left passage 41 is opened, the blood realizes the circulation of the blood through the left passage 41, meanwhile, when the filtering membrane 3 is blocked, in the starting state, because the liquid cavity 7 stops rotating, the opening amplitude of the taper hole 15 is maximum, so that the gas in the cavity 33 completely enters the lower cavity 22, at the same time, the flow limiting valve 34 closes the displacement liquid conveying channel, when the liquid cavity 7 rotates at a high speed under the driving of the motor, the gas in the lower cavity 22 completely enters the cavity 33 under the extrusion of the liquid, the flow limiting valve 34 is opened to the maximum extent, at the same time, the large-flow displacement liquid enters the blood cavity 2 and plays a certain flushing role for the filtering membrane 3, when the blockage of the filtering membrane 3 is removed slowly, the extrusion force applied to the filtering membrane 3 disappears, the original position is slowly recovered, so that the switch 14 and the air bag 37 are disconnected, the liquid cavity 7 stops moving, at the same time, the movable plug 39 moves rightwards under the driving of the recovery spring 43, the right passage 42 is opened, along with the opening of the blood through the right passage 42, the whole filtering device starts to work normally again, and dynamic balance is slowly achieved through the automatic adjusting function;

the filtering membrane 3 is made of a high polymer material, and has better strength and toughness so as to adapt to various mutation conditions;

the cleaning ball 6 and the brush 28 are made of flexible materials, so as to prevent the filter membrane 3 from being broken when colliding and washing.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multistage pressure regulating type blood filtration device comprises a filter (1), and is characterized in that: a filtering mechanism is arranged in the filter (1), a detection mechanism is arranged on the right side of the filtering mechanism, a negative pressure collecting mechanism is connected with a right pipeline of the filtering mechanism, the detection mechanism is fixedly connected with the filter (1), and the detection mechanism is connected with the negative pressure collecting mechanism through a pipeline.

2. The multistage pressure-regulating hemofiltration device according to claim 1, wherein: the negative pressure collection mechanism comprises a buffer tank (18), the buffer tank (18) is connected with a right side pipeline of the convection tank (36), an upstream pipeline of the buffer tank (18) is connected with a blood pump (19), an upstream pipeline of the blood pump (19) is connected with a waste liquid tank (20), the upper end of the blood cavity (2) is connected with an artery of a human body, and the lower end of the blood cavity (2) is connected with a vein of the human body.

3. The multistage pressure-regulating hemofiltration device according to claim 2, wherein: the detection mechanism comprises a movable shaft (13), the movable shaft (13) is movably connected with a filter (1), a liquid cavity (7) is arranged inside the movable shaft (13), a spring (8) is fixedly connected inside the movable shaft (13), a piston (9) is fixedly connected to the other end of the spring (8), a pull rope (5) is fixedly connected to the excircle of the movable shaft (13), a cleaning ball (6) is fixedly connected to the other end of the pull rope (5), a conical hole (15) is arranged at the top of a buffer box (18), a tension spring (12) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the conical hole (15), a conical plug (16) is fixedly connected to the other end of the tension spring (12), a partition plate (17) is arranged in the middle of the conical plug (16), the conical plug (16) is divided into a lower cavity (22) and an upper cavity (23) by the partition plate (17), and a through hole (21) is arranged in the middle of the partition plate (17), the upper cavity (23) is connected with the liquid cavity (7) through a pipeline.

4. The multistage pressure-regulating hemofiltration device according to claim 3, wherein: a replacement liquid tank (31) is arranged on one side of the filter (1), a liquid pump (32) is connected to a downstream pipeline of the replacement liquid tank (31), and the liquid pump (32) is connected with a blood cavity (2) through a pipeline.

5. The multistage pressure-regulating hemofiltration device according to claim 4, wherein: be provided with cavity (33) on the middle pipeline of liquid pump (32) and blood chamber (2), the upper portion fixedly connected with elasticity stay cord (35) of cavity (33), the other end fixedly connected with restriction valve (34) of elasticity stay cord (35), the inside of cavity (33) is provided with gas, cavity (33) and lower chamber (22) pipe connection.

6. The multistage pressure-regulating hemofiltration device according to claim 5, wherein: the right side of the filtering membrane (3) is fixedly connected with a switch (14), the upper end of the convection box (36) is fixedly connected with an electric appliance box (29), the upper end of the electric appliance box (29) is fixedly connected with a torsion spring (24), the torsion spring (24) is fixedly connected with the switch (14), a motor is arranged inside the convection box (36), an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft (4), the outer circle of the rotating shaft (4) is fixedly connected with an elastic rope (30), the other end of the elastic rope (30) is fixedly connected with a convex block (10), the inner side of the movable shaft (13) is provided with a concave block (11), and the switch (14) is electrically connected with the motor.

7. The multistage pressure-regulating hemofiltration device according to claim 6, wherein: an air cavity (25) is arranged inside the cleaning ball (6), a plurality of groups of small holes (26) are formed in the outer wall of the cleaning ball (6), a pressure spring (27) is fixedly connected inside the plurality of groups of small holes (26), a brush (28) is movably connected inside the pressure spring (27), and the air cavity (25) is connected with a lower cavity (22) through a pipeline.

8. The multistage pressure-regulating hemofiltration device according to claim 7, wherein: the right side of the electrical appliance box (29) is fixedly connected with an air bag (37), the air bag (37) is fixedly connected with a switch (14), a left passage (41) and a right passage (42) are arranged between an artery and a vein of a human body, an adjusting cavity (38) is arranged between the left passage (41) and the right passage (42), the adjusting cavity (38) is fixedly connected with the filter (1), an air chamber (40) is arranged on the right side of the adjusting cavity (38), a return spring (43) is fixedly connected inside the adjusting cavity (38), a movable plug (39) is fixedly connected to the other end of the return spring (43), the left passage (41) and the right passage (42) are both movably connected with the movable plug (39), and the air chamber (40) is connected with the air bag (37) through a pipeline.

9. The multistage pressure-regulating hemofiltration device according to claim 8, wherein: the filtering membrane (3) is made of a high polymer material.

10. The multistage pressure-regulating hemofiltration device according to claim 9, wherein: the cleaning ball (6) and the brush (28) are made of flexible materials.