CN113689559B - Grid-shaped graph cut geological section wiring method for improving content expression precision of geological three-dimensional model - Google Patents
Grid-shaped graph cut geological section wiring method for improving content expression precision of geological three-dimensional model Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/05—Geographic models
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/20—Finite element generation, e.g. wire-frame surface description, tesselation
Abstract
The invention discloses a grid-shaped graph cut section establishing method for improving the expression precision of a geological three-dimensional model, which comprises the following steps: preparing a geographic geological base map, and collecting the latest geological map and the latest topographic map which can completely cover a modeling area; grid section lines are distributed according to the direction of a group of main construction lines of the modeling area; c, generating a section frame diagram of a geological section line of the graph cut, drawing a corresponding terrain section diagram along each geological section line of the graph cut to obtain a geological boundary marking line corresponding to each section, and superposing the terrain section diagram and the geological boundary marking line to obtain the section frame diagram; and D, sectional painting, namely finishing the geological structure painting of the graphic section on the basis of the sectional frame drawing. The invention can rapidly arrange the graph cut section aiming at any modeling area; by arranging square grid-shaped section lines on the plane geological map, modeling areas with complex geological conditions are dealt with, and defects that a single-direction section is approximate are eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a modeling method of a three-dimensional geological model.
Background
The domestic geological three-dimensional modeling work is concentrated in the oil and gas exploration industry, and the application of the geological three-dimensional modeling work is gradually expanded to the fields of nonferrous noble metal mines, urban geology, coal industries and the like in recent years, and the geological three-dimensional modeling work is still in the exploration process in the aspects of modeling technology method systems and standard specifications.
The current geological three-dimensional model modeling method mainly supports drilling data, but the method is purely limited to large-area geological three-dimensional modeling with less drilling data and uneven distribution, so that a series of map cutting geological section data are combined to participate in modeling together to realize the creation of the three-dimensional geological model. The deployment mode, density and position of the cut geological section directly influence the identification, calibration and expression of geological data, and further influence the objectivity of the three-dimensional geological model.
In the area with simple geologic structure development and relatively single structural line, the geologic structure is identified, calibrated and expressed mainly by arranging a plurality of parallel section lines with uneven spacing in the direction of the vertical structural line, and the structure and the form of the geologic body can be accurately and efficiently reflected on each section with smaller workload. However, in the area modeling of complicated geological structure development and diversified structure line directions, such as provincial area modeling, if a mode of arranging a group of orthogonal section lines in each structure line direction is adopted, the intersecting angles of a plurality of groups of section lines are different and the lengths of the orthogonal section lines are different, intersecting points of the plurality of groups of orthogonal section lines are disordered, the conditions of uneven density of control areas among sections and increased blank areas occur, a large amount of redundant workload is caused in the section drawing process, and when the geological structure and the data at the intersecting points of the sections are processed through man-machine interaction, a large amount of effort and time are consumed, so that the section working efficiency is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the modeling area has complex geological structure and large change of the direction of a structural line, and if a section is manufactured in a certain structural line direction, the expression of the structural form of the whole area is difficult to be considered.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a grid-shaped graph cut section establishing method for improving expression precision of a geological three-dimensional model is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
preparing a geographic geological base map, collecting and vectorizing the latest geological map which can completely cover a modeling area, and using a topographic map issued by a national surveying and mapping geographic information system;
grid section lines are distributed according to the direction of a group of main construction lines of the modeling area;
c, generating a cross section frame diagram of the geological section line of the graph cut, drawing a corresponding terrain cross section diagram along each geological section line of the graph cut, overlapping the geological section line of the graph cut on the plane geological diagram to obtain a geological boundary mark line corresponding to each cross section, and overlapping the terrain cross section diagram and the mark line of the geological boundary to obtain the cross section frame diagram;
and D, sectional painting, namely finishing the geological structure painting of the graphic section on the basis of the sectional frame drawing.
In the step D, firstly, determining the geological structure of all intersecting parts of the graph cut sections on the grid, and then, carrying out programming on the graph cut sections passing through the intersecting parts according to the geological structure.
In step A: vectorizing the geological map through Mapgis software, and correcting the coordinate parameters to a 2000-country geodetic coordinate system; a 2000 national geodetic coordinate system 1:50000 and a 1:10000 topography published via the national survey geographic information system are used.
In step B: firstly, determining a group of main structural line directions of a modeling area, deploying a cross section perpendicular to the structural line, then, making another cross section perpendicular to the cross section to obtain a group of cross lines, translating intersection points of the cross lines to key geological positions, and establishing a cross section line grid based on the cross lines.
The step C comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that C1, all map DEM data passing through geological section lines are firstly loaded in Arcgis software, and all the data are refreshed to be displayed in a visual interface; adding a geological section line which needs to be finished in topography, and enabling the section line to be overlapped on the DEM data; generating a section by using a Profile Gragh tool to obtain a topographic section line at a position corresponding to the section line;
c2, loading a plane geological map of a section line in a digital geological survey system developed by the China geological survey, refreshing and displaying data in a visual interface; adding a geological section line which needs to be finished in topography, overlapping the section line on the plane geological map, selecting the geological section line, then operating the newly built section, and obtaining a mark line corresponding to the geological boundary line on the section line in the new window;
and C3, loading the two files of the topographic section line and the marking line of the geological boundary line into Mapgis, and superposing the marking line of the geological boundary line on the topographic section line by taking the section line as a reference to finish the section frame map manufacturing.
The key geological position is a region deep fracture zone, a main mineral formation, an important mining area, an ancient fossil production area, a metamorphic rock exposure section, a igneous rock exposure section or a standard stratum section exposure section.
The profile programming comprises comprehensive programming of a fracture system, comprehensive programming of a stratum system and comprehensive programming of a rock mass system.
And counting the thickness of stratum units related to each group of orthogonal cross section line intersection points and each stratum unit according to the existing geological data, counting the occurrence of adjacent intersection points, and compiling the cross sections between the adjacent intersection points according to the thickness change and occurrence change until the whole cross section is compiled.
The spacing between adjacent section lines is unified to be 10km, and the elevation of the section is unified to be-2500 m
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the graph cut section can be rapidly arranged aiming at any modeling area; by arranging square grid-shaped section lines on the planar geological map, the modeling area with complex geological conditions is dealt with, the defect that a single-direction section is approximate is eliminated, and almost all geological structure conditions are uniformly and comprehensively covered.
2. Adjacent section lines are mutually parallel or perpendicular in matrix, section intersecting nodes are uniformly distributed, interconnected and mutually verified, and the inspection is convenient.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a grid section line covering a modeling area of Guizhou province.
Fig. 2 is cross-sectional topographical data generated in Arcgis.
FIG. 3 shows the profile data (1:50000) after Mapgis processing.
FIG. 4 shows the cross-sectional data (1:50000) of Mapgis after overlaying geological boundaries and provinces.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of virtual drilling.
FIG. 6 is a schematic drawing of the effect of the braiding of the cut sections.
Detailed Description
Examples:
preparing a geographic geological base map, collecting and vectorizing the latest geological map which can completely cover a modeling area, and using a topographic map issued by a national surveying and mapping geographic information system; vectorizing the geological map through Mapgis software, and correcting the coordinate parameters to a 2000 coordinate system; a 2000 coordinate system 1:50000 and a 1:10000 topography map published via a national survey geographic information system are used.
(1) 1:50000DEM data
Taking Guizhou as an example, the drawing is a 2000 coordinate system, and the detailed parameters are as follows:
TABLE 1DEM parameters
| Sequence number | Content | Value of | Remarks |
| 1 | Pixel size (X, Y) | 10，10 | |
| 2 | Grid resolution | 1∶56693 | |
| 3 | Format of the form | GRID | |
| 4 | Source type | Universal use | |
| 5 | Pixel type | Floating point type | |
| 6 | Pixel depth | 32 bits | |
| 7 | Spatial reference | CGCS_2000 | |
| 8 | Figure number | 467 web |
And embedding 467 pieces of image data segmented according to a 1:50000 standard image frame by using Arcgis to form DEM data covering the whole province range.
(2) 1:10000DLG data
The drawing format is ESRI GEODATABASE, and the drawing is 2000 coordinate system. The Mapgis software working platform is used for carrying out format conversion on 1:10000DLG data, and then modifying and correcting parameters of the converted graphic elements according to the requirements of geological map space database construction work guide 2.0 issued by the Chinese geological survey. And after the standardization of the Mapgis format of the 1:10000 topographic map is completed, splicing the full-province data to serve as a geographic base map.
B, grid-shaped section line layout, namely firstly determining a group of main construction line directions of a modeling area, arranging a graph section line in the directions perpendicular to the graph section line, copying the cross section and selecting orthogonality to obtain another section line perpendicular to the cross section, adjusting the position of the cross section to enable intersection points of the two cross sections to be positioned at positions on the group of construction lines, such as regional deep fracture zones, main mineral-forming strata, important mining areas, ancient fossil production areas, metamorphic rocks or igneous rocks exposed sections, standard stratum cross section exposed sections and the like, and copying the two orthogonal section lines according to a 10 km-10 km interval array for a 1:500000 modeling scale, so that the square grid-shaped graph section line is fully distributed in the whole modeling area; for a modeling scale of 1:250000, on the basis of the original 10 km-10 km grid, copying an encryption profile grid to 5 km-5 km by using a per-seam array; for a modeling scale of 1:50000, on the basis of the original 5km x 5km grid, copying the encrypted profile grid to 2.5km x 2.5km again by the array in the seam.
C, generating a cross section frame picture of the geological section line of the graph cut, drawing a corresponding terrain cross section picture along each geological section line of the graph cut, overlapping the geological section line of the graph cut on the plane geological picture to obtain a geological boundary line mark line corresponding to each cross section, and overlapping the terrain cross section picture and the mark line of the quality boundary line to obtain the cross section frame picture;
the method comprises the steps that C1, all map DEM data passing through grid-shaped map cutting geological section lines are firstly loaded in Arcgis software, and all the data are refreshed to be displayed in a visual interface; adding a graphic geological section line which needs to be completed in topography, and enabling the section line to be overlapped on the DEM data; generating section views one by using a Profile Gragh tool to obtain topographic section lines at positions corresponding to each section line;
c2, loading a planar geological map of a grid-shaped map cutting section line cutting area in a digital geological survey system-DGSS developed by the China local bureau, and refreshing to enable all data to be displayed in a visual interface; adding all geological section lines of the graph cut to be completed in the topography, overlapping the section lines on the plane geological graph, selecting the graph cut geological section lines one by one, and then operating the newly built section, and obtaining mark lines corresponding to geological boundary lines on the section lines in the new window;
and C3, loading the two files of the topographic section line and the marking line of the geological boundary line into Mapgis, and moving and superposing the marking line of the geological boundary line on the profile topographic line by taking the corresponding graphic geological section line as a reference to finish the production of the profile frame map.
And D, sectional painting, namely finishing the geological structure painting of the graphic section on the basis of the sectional frame drawing. Before the editing, firstly, the geological structure of each cross section intersection point is determined, the cross section line intersection point is used as an important key node for cross section modeling, and similar to each cross section line intersection point criss-cross in the go chessboard, the cross section line intersection point geological structure plays a decisive role in the serial connection of the whole domain patterns, is called virtual drilling, and because the comprehensive editing of the full-province modeling cross section is a huge systematic work, multiple people are required to cooperate, so that the aim of controlling the overall accuracy of the comprehensive editing of the cross section is fulfilled, and unnecessary repeated work is avoided. And after the geological structure sketching of all the intersection point virtual drilling holes is finished, the geological structure sketching of the graph cut section between the two intersection points is finished by taking two adjacent virtual drilling holes as references. Mainly comprises comprehensive programming of fracture system, comprehensive programming of stratum system and comprehensive programming of rock mass system
After the virtual drilling holes are unified, the fracture system is used for grouping and drawing the sections one by one according to the section direction, and the formation system is also convenient to carry out block-by-block drawing. The method is characterized in that the method uses deep information reflected by geophysical data such as two-dimensional geology and MT geoelectromagnetism as the basis, uses surface geology information as the following and combining limited deep drilling information, and determines the occurrence, the property, the cutting depth and the like of each fault in a zoning and grading manner.
The stratum system comprehensive programming is based on surface geological information, deep drilling information is used as a standard, deep information reflected by geophysical data such as two-dimensional geology, MT and the like is used as a reference, and stratum (modeling unit) thickness, appearance, fold morphology and the like are comprehensively programmed in a layered (superficial exposure and deep hidden) manner by blocks (between two faults).
The comprehensive programming of the rock mass system is characterized in that the programming is performed by a superficial form and a deep form, and the programming of the superficial form is performed on the basis of surface geological (exposure) information; the deep morphological painting is performed by taking inversion of a comprehensive physical and chemical exploration method as a main reference and taking deep drilling information as verification. Thereby comprehensively determining the spatial morphology of the rock mass.
Claims (9)
1. A grid-shaped graph cut section establishing method for improving expression precision of a geological three-dimensional model is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
preparing a geographic geological base map, collecting and vectorizing the latest geological map which can completely cover a modeling area, and using a topographic map issued by a national surveying and mapping geographic information system;
the grid section lines are distributed according to the direction of a group of main construction lines of the modeling area, and the grid section lines are square grid section lines;
c, generating a cross section frame diagram of the geological section line of the graph cut, drawing a corresponding terrain cross section diagram along each geological section line of the graph cut, overlapping the geological section line of the graph cut on the plane geological diagram to obtain a geological boundary mark line corresponding to each cross section, and overlapping the terrain cross section diagram and the mark line of the geological boundary to obtain the cross section frame diagram;
and D, sectional painting, namely finishing the geological structure painting of the graphic section on the basis of the sectional frame drawing.
2. The method for building the grid-shaped cut section for improving the expression precision of the geological three-dimensional model according to claim 1, wherein step D is characterized in that firstly, geological structures at intersections of all the cut sections on the grid are determined, and then the cut sections passing through the intersections are plotted according to the geological structures.
3. The method for creating a grid-like cut section for improving the expression accuracy of a geological three-dimensional model according to claim 1, wherein in step a: vectorizing the geological map through Mapgis software, and correcting the coordinate parameters to a 2000-country geodetic coordinate system; a 2000 national geodetic coordinate system 1:50000 and a 1:10000 topography published via the national survey geographic information system are used.
4. The method for creating a grid-like cut section for improving the expression accuracy of a geological three-dimensional model according to claim 1, wherein in step B: a main set of construction line directions of a modeling area is firstly determined, a graph cut section perpendicular to the construction line directions is deployed, then another section line perpendicular to the section and penetrating through a key geological position is made to obtain a set of intersecting points of orthogonal section lines, and a section line grid is established based on the set of orthogonal section lines.
5. A method for creating a grid-like cut section for improving the accuracy of expression of a geological three-dimensional model according to claim 3, wherein step C comprises:
the method comprises the steps that C1, all map DEM data passing through geological section lines are firstly loaded in Arcgis software, and all the data are refreshed to be displayed in a visual interface; adding a geological section line which needs to be finished in topography, and enabling the section line to be overlapped on the DEM data; generating a section by using a Profile Gragh tool to obtain a topographic section line at a position corresponding to the section line;
2, loading a plane geological map with section lines in a digital geological survey system developed by the China geological survey bureau, refreshing and displaying all data in a visual interface; adding a geological section line which needs to be finished in topography, overlapping the section line on the plane geological map, selecting the geological section line, then operating the newly built section, and obtaining a mark line corresponding to the geological boundary line on the section line in the new window;
and C3, loading the two files of the topographic section line and the marking line of the geological boundary line into Mapgis, and superposing the marking line of the geological boundary line on the topographic section line by taking the section line as a reference to finish the section frame map manufacturing.
6. The method for establishing the grid-like cut section for improving the expression precision of the geological three-dimensional model according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the key geological position refers to a regional deep fracture zone, an important geological interface, an ore-forming stratum, an important mining area, an ancient fossil production area, a metamorphic rock exposure section, a igneous rock exposure section or a standard stratum section exposure section.
7. The method for establishing the grid-like cut section for improving the expression precision of the geological three-dimensional model according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the profile programming comprises comprehensive programming of a fracture system, comprehensive programming of a stratum system and comprehensive programming of a rock mass system.
8. The method for establishing the grid-like cut section for improving the expression precision of the geological three-dimensional model according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: and counting the thickness of stratum units related to the intersection points of each group of orthogonal section lines and each stratum unit according to the existing geological data, counting the occurrence of the adjacent intersection points, and plotting the sections between the adjacent intersection points according to the thickness change and the occurrence change until the plotting of the whole section is completed.
9. The method for establishing the grid-like cut section for improving the expression precision of the geological three-dimensional model according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized in that: the spacing between adjacent section lines is unified to be 10km, and the elevation of the section is unified to be-2500 m.
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