CN113689559A - Grid-shaped graph cutting geological section wiring method for improving geological three-dimensional model content expression precision - Google Patents
Grid-shaped graph cutting geological section wiring method for improving geological three-dimensional model content expression precision Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a latticed graph cut section establishing method for improving the expression precision of a geological three-dimensional model, which comprises the following steps of: preparing a geographical geological base map, and collecting the latest geological map and topographic map which can completely cover a modeling area; b, laying grid section lines, wherein the grid section lines are laid according to a group of main construction line directions in the modeling area; c, generating section frame diagrams of the map-cut geological section lines, drawing corresponding respective topographic section diagrams along each map-cut geological section line forming a grid shape to obtain geological boundary marking lines corresponding to each section, and overlapping the topographic section diagrams and the geological boundary marking lines to obtain the section frame diagrams; d, section drawing, namely finishing geological structure drawing of the section of the figure based on the section frame diagram. The method can quickly arrange the map cutting section aiming at any modeling area; by arranging the square grid-shaped section lines on the plane geological map, the method can be used for solving various complicated geological modeling areas and eliminating the defects of single-direction section in general.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a modeling method of a three-dimensional geological model.
Background
The domestic geological three-dimensional modeling work is always concentrated in the oil-gas exploration industry, the application of the geological three-dimensional modeling work is gradually expanded to the fields of nonferrous precious metal mines, urban geology, coal industry and the like in recent years, and the geological three-dimensional modeling work is still in the exploration process in the aspects of a modeling technical method system and standard specifications.
The existing geological three-dimensional model modeling method mainly supports drilling data, but the method is only limited to the geological three-dimensional modeling of a large area with less drilling data and uneven distribution, so that the three-dimensional geological model can be created only by combining a series of map-cutting geological profile data to participate in modeling. The deployment mode, density and position of the map-cutting geological section directly influence the identification, calibration and expression of geological data, and further influence the objectivity of the three-dimensional geological model.
Generally, in an area with simple geological structure development and a relatively single structural line, the geological structure is identified, calibrated and expressed mainly in a mode of arranging a plurality of parallel sectional lines with uneven intervals in the direction perpendicular to the structural line, and the structure and the form of the geological body can be accurately and efficiently reflected on each section with small workload. However, in the modeling of a region with a complex geological structure and diversified structural line directions, such as provincial modeling, if a group of orthogonal cross lines is uniformly arranged in each structural line direction, the intersection angles of the multiple groups of cross lines are unequal and different in length, the intersection points of the multiple groups of orthogonal cross lines are disordered, the density of control regions between cross sections is uneven, and blank regions are increased, so that a large amount of redundant workload is caused in the cross section drawing process, and a large amount of energy and time are consumed when geological structures and data at the intersection points of the cross sections are processed uniformly through human-computer interaction, so that the cross section working efficiency is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the geological structure of the modeling area is complex, the direction change of the structural line is large, and if a section is made in a certain structural line direction, the structural form of the whole area is difficult to express at the same time.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a latticed graph cut section establishing method for improving geological three-dimensional model expression accuracy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a geographical geological base map, collecting a latest geological map capable of completely covering a modeling area, vectorizing, and using a topographic map issued by a national mapping geographic information system;
b, laying grid section lines, wherein the grid section lines are laid according to a group of main construction line directions in the modeling area;
c, generating a section frame diagram of the cutting geological section lines, drawing corresponding respective topographic section diagrams along each cutting geological section line forming the grid, overlapping the grid cutting geological section lines on the planar geological diagram to obtain geological boundary marking lines corresponding to each section, and overlapping the topographic section diagrams and the geological boundary marking lines to obtain the section frame diagram;
d, section drawing, namely finishing geological structure drawing of the section of the figure based on the section frame diagram.
And D, firstly determining the geological structure of the intersection of all the graph cut sections on the grid, and then compiling the graph cut sections passing through the intersection according to the geological structure.
In the step A: vectorizing the geological map by using Mapgis software, and correcting coordinate parameters to a 2000 national geodetic coordinate system; a 2000 national geodetic coordinate system 1:50000 and 1:10000 topographic map published by a national mapping geographic information system is used.
In the step B: firstly, determining a group of main construction line directions in a modeling area, deploying a section perpendicular to the construction directional diagram, then making another section line perpendicular to the section to obtain a group of cross lines, translating intersection points of the cross lines to key geological positions, and establishing a section line grid based on the cross lines.
The step C comprises the following steps:
c1 firstly loading all map DEM data passed by the geological section line in Arcgis software, and refreshing to display all data in a visual interface; adding a geological section line required to finish terrain making, and overlapping the section line on the DEM data; generating a section diagram by using a Profile Gragh tool to obtain a terrain section line at a position corresponding to the section line;
c2 loading the planar geological map of the cross section line in the digital geological survey system developed by the Chinese geological survey bureau, refreshing and displaying the data in the visual interface; adding a geological section line required to finish terrain making, overlapping the section line on the plane geological map, selecting the geological section line, operating to newly build a section, and obtaining a marking line corresponding to the geological boundary line on the section line in a new window;
c3, loading the two files of the terrain profile line and the mark line of the geological boundary into Mapgis, and superposing the mark line of the geological boundary on the profile terrain line by moving the mark line of the geological boundary by taking the profile line as a reference to finish the making of the profile frame map.
The key geological positions refer to development of regional deep and large fracture zones, main mineralization stratums, important mineral areas, ancient biogenetic fossil places, metamorphic rock exposure sections, igneous rock exposure sections or standard stratum profile exposure sections.
The section drawing comprises fracture system comprehensive drawing, stratum system comprehensive drawing and rock system comprehensive drawing.
And counting the thickness of the stratigraphic unit related to each group of orthogonal section line intersection points and each stratigraphic unit according to the existing geological data, counting the occurrence of adjacent intersection points, and compiling the section between the adjacent intersection points according to the thickness change and the occurrence change until the whole section is compiled.
The distance between adjacent section lines is unified to 10km, and the elevation of the section is unified to-2500 m
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the map cutting sections can be rapidly arranged aiming at any modeling area; the square grid-shaped section lines are distributed on the plane geological map, so that the modeling area with various complicated geological conditions is responded, the defect that the section in a single direction is approximate is eliminated, and almost all geological structural conditions are uniformly and comprehensively covered.
2. The adjacent section lines are parallel or vertical to each other in a matrix form, and the cross nodes of the sections are uniformly distributed, interconnected and mutually verified, so that the inspection is convenient.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a gridded section line covering the Guizhou province modeling area.
Fig. 2 is cross-sectional topographical data generated in Arcgis.
FIG. 3 shows the profile topography data (1: 50000) after Mapgis processing.
FIG. 4 shows the Mapgis data of the cross section after the geological boundary and provincial boundary are superimposed (1: 50000).
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a virtual drill hole layout.
FIG. 6 is a drawing effect diagram of the cutting section.
Detailed Description
Example (b):
preparing a geographical geological base map, collecting a latest geological map capable of completely covering a modeling area, vectorizing, and using a topographic map issued by a national mapping geographic information system; vectorizing the geological map by using Mapgis software, and correcting coordinate parameters to a 2000 coordinate system; a 2000 coordinate system 1:50000 and 1:10000 topographic map published by a national mapping geographic information system is used.
(1)1:50000DEM data
Taking Guizhou as an example, the drawing is a 2000 coordinate system, and the detailed parameters are as follows:
TABLE 1DEM parameters
| Serial number | Content providing method and apparatus | Value of | Remarks for |
| 1 | Pixel size (X, Y) | 10，10 | |
| 2 | |
1∶56693 | |
| 3 | Format | GRID | |
| 4 | Source type | General purpose | |
| 5 | Type of pixel | Floating point type | |
| 6 | Depth of pixel | 32 bit | |
| 7 | Spatial reference | CGCS_2000 | |
| 8 | Number of drawings | 467 pieces of cloth |
And inlaying 467 image data which are cut according to the 1:50000 standard diagram by using Arcgis to form DEM data covering the whole province range.
(2)1:10000DLG data
The graph format is ESRI GEODATASE, and the graph is 2000 coordinate system. The method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out format conversion on 1:10000DLG data by using a Mapgis software working platform, and then modifying and correcting parameters of the converted graphic elements according to the requirements of a geological map spatial database construction working guide 2.0 issued by the Chinese geological survey bureau. And after the 1:10000 topographic map Mapgis format standardization is completed, splicing the provincial data to be used as a geographical base map.
B, laying grid-shaped section lines, namely firstly determining the direction of a group of main structure lines of a modeling area, arranging a graph cutting section line perpendicular to the direction, copying the section and selecting to be orthogonal to obtain another section line perpendicular to the section, adjusting the position of the section to enable the intersection point of two sections to be positioned on the positions of a regional deep fracture zone, a main oreforming stratum, an important mineral-forming area, an ancient fossil production place, a metamorphic rock or igneous rock exposed section, a standard stratum section exposed section and the like on the group of structure lines, copying the two orthogonal section lines according to a 10 km-10 km interval array aiming at a 1:500000 modeling scale, and enabling the square grid-shaped graph cutting section line to be fully distributed in the whole modeling area; aiming at a modeling scale of 1:250000, on the basis of the original 10km by 10km grids, the encrypted profile grids are copied to 5km by 5km along the middle array; for the model scale of 1:50000, the encrypted profile grids are copied again to 2.5km by 2.5km per the central array on the basis of the original 5km by 5km grids.
C, generating a section frame diagram of the cutting geological section lines, drawing corresponding respective topographic section diagrams along each cutting geological section line forming the grid, overlapping the grid cutting geological section lines on the planar geological diagram to obtain geological boundary marking lines corresponding to each section, and overlapping the topographic section diagrams and the geological boundary marking lines to obtain the section frame diagram;
c1, loading all map DEM data of all maps passing through the grid-shaped cut geological section line in Arcgis software, and refreshing to display all data in a visual interface; adding a figure-cutting geological section line required to finish terrain making, and overlapping the section line on DEM data; generating section diagrams one by using a Profile Gragh tool to obtain a terrain section line at a position corresponding to each section line;
c2 loading grid pattern cutting section plane geological map of cross cutting area in DGSS, refreshing to display all data in visual interface; adding all figure-cut geological section lines needing to finish terrain making, enabling the section lines to be overlaid on the plane geological map, selecting the figure-cut geological section lines one by one, operating to build a new section, and obtaining a marking line corresponding to a geological boundary line on the section lines in a new window;
c3, loading the two files of the terrain profile line and the mark line of the geological boundary into Mapgis, taking the corresponding map cutting geological profile line as a reference, and superposing the mark line movement of the geological boundary on the profile terrain line to finish the making of the profile frame map.
D, section drawing, namely finishing geological structure drawing of the section of the figure based on the section frame diagram. Before compiling, firstly, determining the geological structure of each section intersection point, wherein the section line intersection points are used as important key nodes for section modeling and are similar to the criss-cross line intersection points in the go chessboard, thereby playing a decisive role in the series connection of the global pattern, and the geological structure of the section line intersection points is called as 'virtual drilling'. And after the geological structure of the virtual drilling holes of all the intersection points is compiled, the geological structure of the cutting section between the two intersection points is compiled by taking the two adjacent virtual drilling holes as references. Mainly comprises the comprehensive compilation of a fracture system, the comprehensive compilation of a stratum system and the comprehensive compilation of a rock mass system
After the virtual drilling holes are unified, the fracture systems are grouped and the sections are compiled one by one according to the direction of the sections, so that the block compiling and the drawing of the stratum system are facilitated. And determining the attitude, the property, the cutting depth and the like of each fault in a partition and grading manner by taking the deep information reflected by geophysical data such as two-dimensional geology, MT magnetotelluric and the like as a basis and taking the surface geological information as an obedient and combining with limited deep drilling information.
The comprehensive mapping of the stratum system is based on surface geological information, takes deep drilling information as a standard, takes deep information reflected by geophysical data such as two-dimensional geology, MT and the like as a reference, and comprehensively maps the thickness, the attitude, the fold form and the like of the stratum (modeling unit) in a blocking (between two faults) layering (superficial exposure and deep hidden).
The comprehensive compilation of the rock mass system is compiled by the superficial form and the deep form, and the compilation of the superficial form is carried out based on the surface geological (exposure) information; the deep form editing is performed by taking inversion of a comprehensive chemical exploration method as a main reference and taking deep drilling information as verification. Thereby comprehensively determining the spatial form of the rock mass.
Claims (9)
1. A latticed graph cut section establishing method for improving geological three-dimensional model expression accuracy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a geographical geological base map, collecting a latest geological map capable of completely covering a modeling area, vectorizing, and using a topographic map issued by a national mapping geographic information system;
b, laying grid section lines, wherein the grid section lines are laid according to a group of main construction line directions in the modeling area;
c, generating a section frame diagram of the cutting geological section lines, drawing corresponding respective topographic section diagrams along each cutting geological section line forming the grid, overlapping the grid cutting geological section lines on the planar geological diagram to obtain geological boundary marking lines corresponding to each section, and overlapping the topographic section diagrams and the geological boundary marking lines to obtain the section frame diagram;
d, section drawing, namely finishing geological structure drawing of the section of the figure based on the section frame diagram.
2. The method for establishing the latticed cut sections for improving the representation accuracy of the geological three-dimensional model according to claim 1, is characterized in that the step D comprises the steps of firstly determining the geological structure at the intersection of all the cut sections on the grid, and then compiling the cut sections passing through the intersection according to the geological structure.
3. The method for establishing the latticed cut section for improving the representation accuracy of the geological three-dimensional model according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step A: vectorizing the geological map by using Mapgis software, and correcting coordinate parameters to a 2000 national geodetic coordinate system; a 2000 national geodetic coordinate system 1:50000 and 1:10000 topographic map published by a national mapping geographic information system is used.
4. The method for establishing the latticed cut section for improving the representation accuracy of the geological three-dimensional model according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step B: firstly, determining a group of main structure line directions of a modeling area, deploying a section perpendicular to the structure line direction, then making another section line perpendicular to the section and passing through a key geological position to obtain an intersection point of a group of orthogonal section lines, and establishing a section line grid based on the group of orthogonal section lines.
5. The method for establishing the latticed cut section for improving the representation accuracy of the geological three-dimensional model according to claim 3, characterized in that the step C comprises:
c1 firstly loading all map DEM data passed by the geological section line in Arcgis software, and refreshing to display all data in a visual interface; adding a geological section line required to finish terrain making, and overlapping the section line on the DEM data; generating a section diagram by using a Profile Gragh tool to obtain a terrain section line at a position corresponding to the section line;
c2 loading the plane geological map of section line in the digital geological survey system developed by the Chinese geological survey bureau, refreshing to display all data in the visual interface; adding a geological section line required to finish terrain making, overlapping the section line on the plane geological map, selecting the geological section line, operating to newly build a section, and obtaining a marking line corresponding to the geological boundary line on the section line in a new window;
c3, loading the two files of the terrain profile line and the mark line of the geological boundary into Mapgis, and superposing the mark line of the geological boundary on the profile terrain line by moving the mark line of the geological boundary by taking the profile line as a reference to finish the making of the profile frame map.
6. The method for establishing the latticed cut section for improving the representation accuracy of the geological three-dimensional model according to claim 4, characterized in that: the key geological position refers to a developed regional deep and large fracture zone, an important geological interface, an orexigenic stratum, an important mineral area, an ancient biogenetic fossil place, a metamorphic rock exposed section, a igneous rock exposed section or a standard stratum profile exposed section.
7. The method for establishing the latticed cut section for improving the representation accuracy of the geological three-dimensional model according to claim 4, characterized in that: the section drawing comprises fracture system comprehensive drawing, stratum system comprehensive drawing and rock system comprehensive drawing.
8. The method for establishing the latticed cut section for improving the representation accuracy of the geological three-dimensional model according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: and counting the thickness of the stratigraphic unit related to the intersection point of each group of orthogonal section lines and each stratigraphic unit according to the existing geological data, counting the occurrence of the adjacent intersection points, and drawing the section between the adjacent intersection points according to the thickness change and the occurrence change until the drawing of the whole section is completed.
9. The method for establishing the latticed cut section for improving the representation accuracy of the geological three-dimensional model according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the distance between adjacent section lines is unified to be 10km, and the elevation of the section is unified to be-2500 m.
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