CN113687029B - Quarantine plant disease specimen collection device and application method thereof - Google Patents
Quarantine plant disease specimen collection device and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 72
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 43
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- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 3
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- 230000008029 eradication Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quarantine plant disease specimen collection device and a use method thereof, wherein the quarantine plant disease specimen collection device comprises a box body with an opening at one side, a sampling fixing seat is rotatably connected in the box body through a central rod, a plurality of sampling boxes are connected in the sampling fixing seat, and the central rod penetrates out of the box body and is rotatably connected with the box body; the box still fixedly connected with is used for covering the fixed plate of sampling box, and the fixed plate is provided with the through-hole with sampling box looks adaptation, and the sampling box sets up in the through-hole below, and the through-hole is provided with the sliding closure with fixed plate sliding connection, and the sliding closure passes through the second spring and links to each other with the fixed plate, and the through-hole top is connected with the cutter through actuating mechanism. The invention has simple operation and safe use, can collect plant samples after clamping the plants, is applicable to storage and collection of various plant samples, is very suitable for national biological safety monitoring, crop disease investigation and plant quarantine scientific research sampling work of universities and colleges, and has higher popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant quarantine, in particular to a quarantine plant disease specimen collection device and a use method thereof.
Background
Plant quarantine is a measure for preventing human spread of dangerous plant diseases, insects, weeds and other harmful organisms, guaranteeing the safety of agriculture and forestry and promoting trade development through legal, administrative and technical means. It is a product of long-term struggle between human beings and nature, and is a system commonly practiced in all countries of the world today. Therefore, plant quarantine is a special form of plant protection measure, relates to various aspects such as legal standards, international trade, administrative management, technical guarantee, information management and the like, and is a comprehensive management system. Plant quarantine is a traditional plant protection measure, but is different from other pest control measures. Plant protection work includes five aspects of prevention or prevention, eradication, immunization, protection and treatment. Plant quarantine is an important part of the field of plant protection, and its content relates to prevention, eradication or eradication of various aspects in plant protection, and is also one of the most efficient, most economical and most advocated aspects, sometimes even the only one specific measure in a certain pest integrated control (IPM) program.
Plant quarantine is a measure for preventing plants and products thereof from transmitting harmful organisms in the circulation process by using an legislative means. It features that it can prevent the invasion, colonization and expansion of harmful organisms. Because of its legal obligation, "legal control", "administrative measure control" is often regarded as its synonym in the international literature. In 2007, 446 species (genus) of harmful organisms with quarantine property are published in China, wherein 227 species (genus) of harmful diseases are contained in the harmful organisms. The quarantine regulations are based on the biological characteristics and ecological characteristics of certain pathogens, pests, weeds and the like, and the packaging materials and the conditions of national or regional importation can be or can be forbidden according to the distribution territory, the possibility of expanding the distribution into harmful regions, the main transmission path, the selectivity of host plants, the adaptability to the environment, the control action and the possibility of concomitantly transmission of natural enemies of the origin and the like, and have corresponding regulations only through the appointed port entry and import time and the like.
Based on the above, in the plant quarantine process, firstly, the plant disease part needs to be collected, then the samples are placed under a microscope for observation, the change of the internal tissues is observed, and the final quarantine item is confirmed by matching with other biological experimental data of the sampled samples, so as to achieve the purpose of quarantine.
The sample sampling equipment in the existing plant quarantine tool box is single in structure, usually only one sample can be collected at a time, economic cost is increased, and sampling efficiency is very low. And often more difficult and troublesome when the plant sample to the height is higher when the sample, at the in-process of taking a sample simultaneously, need cut the work to the plant sample, need the manual work to fix the work simultaneously to make things convenient for the collection of plant sample, the operation is very loaded down with trivial details, and harmful diseases and insects etc. on the plant contact with the human body very easily, cause sample pollution or pest escape easily.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, a quarantine plant disease specimen collection device and a use method thereof are provided.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the invention provides a quarantine plant disease specimen collection device, which comprises a box body with an opening at one side, wherein a sampling fixing seat is rotatably connected in the box body through a central rod, a plurality of sampling boxes are connected in the sampling fixing seat, and the central rod penetrates out of the box body and is rotatably connected with the box body; the box body is also fixedly connected with a fixing plate for covering the sampling box, the fixing plate is provided with a through hole matched with the sampling box, the sampling box is arranged below the through hole, the through hole is provided with a sliding cover which is in sliding connection with the fixing plate, the sliding cover is connected with the fixing plate through a second spring, and a cutter is connected above the through hole through a driving mechanism; the fixed plate is coaxially and rotatably connected with a second rotating wheel and a first rotating wheel, the first rotating wheel is arranged above the second rotating wheel, a sliding cover rope is fixedly wound on the second rotating wheel, and the other end of the sliding cover rope is connected with the sliding cover; the first rotating wheel is provided with a limiting groove, the second rotating wheel is connected with a deflector rod through a third spring, and the upper end of the deflector rod is arranged in the limiting groove in a sliding manner; the first rotating wheel is fixedly wound with a rotating wheel rope, the box body is connected with a rack in a sliding manner, the box body is also connected with a gear in a rotating manner, and the gear is meshed with the rack; the gear is coaxially connected with a rotating rod, the rotating rod is arranged at the opening part of the box body, and the other end of the rotating wheel rope is connected with the rotating rod; the fixed plate is also connected with a spring switch matched with the second rotating wheel, and the rack is arranged right below the spring switch.
Preferably, a spiral spring is arranged in the first rotating wheel, and the first rotating wheel is rotationally connected with the second rotating wheel through a bearing; the second runner is connected with a movable block through a third spring, the movable block is in sliding connection with the second runner, the movable block is connected with the deflector rod through a torsion spring, and the elasticity of the torsion spring is larger than that of the second spring.
Preferably, the spring switch comprises a fixed shell fixedly connected with the fixed plate, a brake rod arranged in the vertical direction is slidably connected in the fixed shell, and the brake rod is arranged below the second rotating wheel and is matched with the second rotating wheel; the brake rod is sleeved with a fourth spring, one end of the fourth spring is connected with the brake rod, and the other end of the fourth spring is connected with the fixed shell; the fixed shell is also rotationally connected with a limit rod, the brake rod is provided with a sliding groove, and the limit rod is arranged in the sliding groove in a sliding way.
Preferably, the sliding groove comprises a sharp corner part, an upper bending part and a lower bending part, wherein the sharp corner part is arranged above the upper bending part in a dislocation way, and the upper bending part is arranged above the lower bending part.
Preferably, the limit groove comprises a vertical edge and a bevel edge, and when the sliding cover rope is wound on the second rotating wheel, the sliding cover rope drives the sliding cover to move, and the deflector rod is contacted with the vertical edge.
Preferably, the outer wall of the box body is fixedly connected with a sleeve, the center rod is rotatably arranged in the sleeve, and the outer wall of the sleeve is slidably connected with a first L-shaped seat; the box fixedly connected with first guide bar, first guide bar with first L type seat sliding connection, first guide bar cover is equipped with first spring, first spring one end with the box links to each other, the first spring other end with first L type seat links to each other, first L type seat with rack fixed connection.
Preferably, the center rod penetrates out of the sleeve and is connected with a rotating handle, the outer wall of the sleeve is connected with a limiting ball through a limiting spring, and the rotating handle is provided with a plurality of grooves matched with the limiting ball.
Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises an auxiliary rod fixedly connected with the cutter, the auxiliary rod is in sliding connection with the box body, and the other end of the auxiliary rod penetrates out of the box body and is connected with a second L-shaped seat; the box fixedly connected with second guide bar, the second guide bar with second L type seat sliding connection, the second guide bar cover is equipped with the extension spring, extension spring one end with the box links to each other, the extension spring other end with the second L type seat links to each other.
The invention also provides a using method of the quarantine plant disease specimen collecting device, which adopts the quarantine plant disease specimen collecting device and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of S1, firstly, placing the device on one side of a plant, sliding a rack upwards, driving a rotating rod to rotate through gear rotation by the rack, driving a first rotating wheel to rotate through a rotating wheel rope by the rotating rod, driving a second rotating wheel to rotate under the action of a deflector rod, and then driving a sliding cover to open through a sliding cover rope, so that a corresponding sampling box is opened;
s2: along with the continuous rotation of the rack, after the rack contacts with the spring switch, the spring switch contacts with the second rotating wheel so as to limit the continuous rotation of the second rotating wheel, at the moment, the sampling box is completely opened, and meanwhile, the opening part of the box body is opened, so that the plant part to be sampled is detected into the box body;
s3: the rack slides downwards, the rack drives the rotating rod to rotate through the gear, the first rotating wheel is reset under the action of the scroll spring, at the moment, the deflector rod slides in the limit groove under the action of the third spring, the rotating rod is used for realizing the clamping action on plant branches, then the cutter is driven to move through the driving mechanism, the plant branches are cut off, and the cut-off part falls into the sampling box;
s4: after the sampling is finished, the rack is slid upwards, the rack drives the rotating rod to rotate through gear rotation, at the moment, the rotating rod does not clamp plant branches any more, then the plant is taken out, in the process, the deflector rod rotates around the movable block under the action of the torsion spring, and the first rotating wheel rotates relative to the second rotating wheel;
s5: when the rack is contacted with the spring switch, the spring switch does not limit the rotation of the second rotating wheel any more, then the rack slides downwards to an initial position, and simultaneously under the action of the second spring, the sliding cover and the rotating rod return to the initial position, so that the collection work of the plant specimen is completed.
Preferably, the method for operating the spring switch comprises the following steps: in the step S2, after the rack is contacted with the brake rod, the brake rod is driven to move upwards, meanwhile, the limit rod slides in the sliding groove, and when the limit rod moves to the lower bending part, the upper end of the brake rod is in close contact with the second rotating wheel, so that limit operation of the second rotating wheel is realized; in step S5, after the rack contacts with the brake rod, the brake rod is driven to move upwards, meanwhile, the limit rod slides in the sliding groove, and when the limit rod moves to the upper bending part, the upper end of the brake rod is not contacted with the second rotating wheel any more.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the central rod is connected with the plurality of sampling boxes, when the central rod rotates, the sampling boxes are driven to rotate, and in the process, under the action of the fixing plate, the inside of the sampling boxes is always enabled to form a closed space, so that the collection work of plant samples is facilitated, the collection work of various plants can be simultaneously carried out, and the adjacent samples are prevented from being contacted, thereby generating adverse effects, the limiting ball can be used for limiting the rotating handle, the operation convenience is greatly improved, the central rod has a good limiting effect, and the device has extremely high popularization value.
2. The invention is also provided with the first rotating wheel and the second rotating wheel which can rotate relatively, when the rack moves, the rotating rod is driven to open, so that the pathogenic branches of plants can conveniently enter the box body, and the rotating rod can simultaneously drive the first rotating wheel and the second rotating wheel to rotate, so that when the rotating rod is opened, the opening of the sliding cover can be realized, the sampling box below the cutter is opened, when the collecting work is carried out, the rotating rod is reset, the clamping work of the plants is realized by the rotating rod, the cutter is prevented from driving the branches to shake when the cutter works, the normal collecting work is not facilitated, in the process, the deflector rod can slide freely in the limiting groove under the action of the spring, the relative movement of the first rotating wheel and the second rotating wheel is realized, the branches are firstly fixed, then are collected, the manual collecting habit is met, the collecting quality is higher, the collecting efficiency is better, and the conditions such as secondary labor are effectively prevented.
3. The invention is also provided with the deflector rod connected with the movable block through the torsion spring, the elasticity of the torsion spring is larger than that of the second spring, so that the first runner can overcome the second spring to drive the second runner to rotate, under the action of the third spring, the first runner and the second runner can rotate relatively, the arranged spring switch comprises a sharp corner part which is arranged in a dislocation way with the upper bending part, the upper bending part and the lower bending part can realize the relative fixing of the position of the limiting rod, and under the action of the sharp corner part, when the limiting rod moves, the deflector rod can realize the free sliding of the deflector rod in the sliding groove, and further realize the limiting work of the second runner, thereby the sliding cover can be always in an opened state, the sample collection work is facilitated, the structure is reasonable, the opening work of the sliding cover can be realized only by moving the rack, and simultaneously, the first spring can drive the rotating rod to rotate, the sliding cover can realize the clamping of the sliding cover, and the normal opening and closing of the sliding cover can not be influenced.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is an overall front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the portion of the mounting plate of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the cutter portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the portion K in FIG. 1
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the brake lever portion mechanism of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a portion of the lever of FIG. 4
FIG. 7 is an expanded view of the first pulley structure of FIG. 4;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the part a in fig. 1.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1, a box body; 2, limiting balls; 3, a sleeve; 4 a central rod; 5, limiting springs; 6, a first guide rod; 7, a first L-shaped seat; 8 a first spring; 9 racks; 10 limit grooves; 101 vertical sides; 102 bevel edge; 11 gears; 12, rotating a rod; 13 sliding cover ropes; 14 auxiliary seats; 15 a second spring; 16 upper fixing seat; 17 a cutter fixing seat; 18, cutting knife; 19 sampling boxes; 20 sliding covers; a 21 fixing plate; 22 sliding closure guide seats; 23, sampling a fixed seat; a third spring 24; a 25 tension spring; an auxiliary rod 26; 27 a second guide bar; 28 a second L-shaped seat; 29 a movable handle; 30, fixing a handle; 31 a runner fixing seat; 32 shift lever; 321 torsion springs; 322 movable blocks; 33 guide sleeves; 34 runner ropes; 35 a first wheel; a second wheel 36; 37 a fixed housing; 38 a brake lever; 39 fourth springs; a 40 limit rod; 41 sliding grooves; 411 sharp corners; 412 an upper bend; 413 lower bend; 42 turn the handle.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-8, the present embodiment provides a quarantine plant disease specimen collection device, which includes a case 1 with an opening at one side, a sampling fixing seat 23 rotatably connected in the case 1 through a central rod 4, and a plurality of sampling boxes 19 connected in the sampling fixing seat 23.
The opening sets up in the left side of box 1, and sampling fixing base 23 interface is circular, and is provided with the recess in the middle, and sampling fixing base 23 is the annular and distributes in this recess. The central rod 4 penetrates out of the box body 1 and is rotationally connected with the box body 1, and the sampling fixing seat 23 is fixedly connected with the central rod 4, so that when the central rod 4 rotates, the sampling fixing seat 23 can drive the sampling box 19 to rotate.
The box 1 is still fixedly connected with through a plurality of connecting rod is used for covering the fixed plate 21 of sampling box 19, and fixed plate 21 sets up in the top of sampling fixing base 23 and rotates with sampling fixing base 23 to be connected, and center rod 4 only can rotate, and highly unable change, consequently can make sampling fixing base 23 and fixed plate 21 be in the state of contact all the time, and then makes fixed plate 21 cover sampling box 19 completely.
The left side of fixed plate 21 is provided with the through-hole with sampling box 19 looks adaptation, and the diameter of through-hole and sampling box 19's diameter looks adaptation, and sampling box 19 that is located the left side sets up in the through-hole below, and the through-hole is provided with the sliding closure 20 with fixed plate 21 sliding connection, fixing base 21 fixedly connected with sliding closure guide holder 22, sliding closure 20 and sliding closure guide holder 22 sliding connection, and sliding closure 20 links to each other with fixed plate 21 through second spring 15.
Under the effect of the second spring 15, in the initial state, the through hole is closed by the sliding cover 20, so that the sampling box 19 positioned below the through hole forms a closed space, the preservation work of plant samples is facilitated, the plurality of sampling boxes 19 can effectively realize the storage work of various samples, in the actual use, the sampling boxes 19 after sampling can be moved out of the position of the through hole only by rotating the central rod 4, and the sampling boxes 19 in the time and space are moved to the position right below the through hole, so that the new sampling work is convenient.
The inner wall of the upper end of the box body 1 is fixedly connected with an upper fixing seat 16, the fixing plate 21 can relatively seal the space in the sampling box 19 on one hand, and on the other hand, the upper fixing seat 16 and the fixing plate 21 are matched with each other to form a channel for plant branches to pass through.
The fixing plate 21 is fixedly connected with an auxiliary seat 14, the left end of the sliding cover 20 is fixedly connected with a sliding cover rope 13, the sliding cover rope 13 penetrates through the second spring 15, the right end of the second spring 15 is fixedly connected with the auxiliary seat 14, and the left end of the second spring 15 is fixedly connected with the auxiliary seat 14. The sliding cover rope 13 penetrates through the auxiliary seat 14 and is in sliding connection with the auxiliary seat 14, the auxiliary seat 14 plays a limiting role in moving the sliding cover rope 13, and meanwhile, the second spring 15 can be fixed.
The fixed plate 21 is fixedly connected with a rotating wheel fixing seat 31, the rotating wheel fixing seat 31 is coaxially connected with a second rotating wheel 36 and a first rotating wheel 35 through a rotating shaft in a rotating mode, the first rotating wheel 35 is arranged above the second rotating wheel 36, and the second rotating wheel 36 is fixedly wound with a sliding cover rope 13. The rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the rotating wheel fixing seat 31, and the first rotating wheel 35 and the second rotating wheel 36 are respectively and rotatably connected with the rotating wheel fixing seat 31 through independent bearings, so that the first rotating wheel 35 and the second rotating wheel 36 can rotate relatively. The first rotating wheel 35 is internally provided with a spiral spring which is connected with a bearing connected with the first rotating wheel 35 and is used for resetting the first rotating wheel 35.
The first rotating wheel 35 is provided with a limiting groove 10, the second rotating wheel 36 is connected with a deflector rod 32 through a third spring 24, and the upper end of the deflector rod 32 is arranged in the limiting groove 10 in a sliding manner. The second rotating wheel 36 is provided with a small groove, the third spring 24 is arranged in the small groove, the second rotating wheel 36 is connected with a movable block 322 through the third spring 24, and the movable block 322 is in sliding connection with the small groove. The movable block 322 is connected with the deflector rod 32 through a torsion spring 321, and the elastic force of the torsion spring 321 is far greater than that of the second spring 15.
The limiting groove 10 comprises a vertical edge 101 and a bevel edge 102, when the sliding cover rope 13 is wound on the second rotating wheel 36, the sliding cover rope 13 drives the sliding cover 20 to move, at this time, the deflector rod 32 contacts with the vertical edge 101, and when the first rotating wheel 35 rotates reversely, the deflector rod 32 contacts with the bevel edge 102, so that the first rotating wheel 35 can rotate relative to the second rotating wheel 36.
Therefore, when the first rotating wheel 35 rotates, the second rotating wheel 36 can be driven to rotate by the driving lever 32, meanwhile, the elastic force of the torsion spring 321 is larger, and the elastic force of the second spring 15 is smaller, so that the elastic force of the second spring 15 can be overcome, and the second rotating wheel 35 drives the second rotating wheel 36 to rotate, so that the sliding cover rope 13 is wound on the second rotating wheel 36, and the sliding cover 20 slides leftwards.
The first rotating wheel 35 is fixedly wound with a rotating wheel rope 34, the box body 1 is connected with a rack 9 arranged in the vertical direction in a sliding manner, the box body 1 is also connected with a gear 11 in a rotating manner, and the gear 11 is meshed with the rack 9; the gear 11 is coaxially connected with a rotating rod 12, the rotating rod 12 is arranged at the opening part of the box body 1, and the other end of the rotating wheel rope 34 is connected with the rotating rod 12.
The rotating wheel fixing seat 31 is rotationally connected with the guide sleeve 33, the rotating wheel rope 34 penetrates out of the guide sleeve 33 and is in sliding connection with the guide sleeve 33, the guide sleeve 33 can rotate freely, and the limiting and guiding functions are achieved on the movement of the rotating wheel rope 34.
The upper end of the rotating rod 12 contacts with the upper fixing seat 16, in an initial state, the rotating rod 12 forms a closed space for the case 1, when the rotating rod 12 rotates, a passage for plants to pass through between the upper fixing seat 16 and the fixing plate 21 is opened, and simultaneously, the rotating rod 12 rotates to drive the rotating wheel rope 34 to move.
The wheel holder 31 is also connected with a spring switch cooperating with the second wheel 36, and the rack 9 is arranged right under the spring switch.
The spring switch comprises a fixed shell 37 fixedly connected with the rotating wheel fixing seat 31, a brake rod 38 arranged in the vertical direction is connected in the fixed shell 37 in a sliding manner, and the brake rod 38 is arranged below the second rotating wheel 36 and is matched with the second rotating wheel 36; the brake rod 38 is sleeved with a fourth spring 39, one end of the fourth spring 39 is connected with the brake rod 38, and the other end of the fourth spring 39 is connected with the fixed shell 37; the fixed shell 37 is also rotatably connected with a limit rod 40, the brake rod 38 is provided with a sliding groove 41, and the limit rod 40 is slidably arranged in the sliding groove 41.
As shown in fig. 5, the sliding groove 41 includes a pointed portion 411, an upper bending portion 412 and a lower bending portion 413, the pointed portion 411 is arranged above the upper bending portion 412 in a dislocation manner, the upper bending portion 412 is located above the lower bending portion 413, and the pointed portion 411 is used for realizing free sliding along the sliding groove 41 under the action of the pointed portion 411 when the stop lever 40 moves out of the upper bending portion 412.
In the initial state, the stop lever 40 is located at the upper bending portion 412, at this time, the fourth spring 39 is in a compressed state, and under the action of the fourth spring 39, the stop lever 40 is always in contact with the bottom end of the upper bending portion 412, and a gap is left between the stop lever 40 and the second rotating wheel 36. When the stop lever 40 moves to the lower bending portion 412, the stop lever 40 contacts the bottom surface of the second rotating wheel 36, and the fourth spring 39 is still in a compressed state.
The upper end of the limiting rod 40 is provided with a rubber layer, the bottom surface of the second rotating wheel 36 is provided with a groove matched with the limiting rod 40, the number of the grooves can be always a plurality of, the number of the rotating turns of the second rotating wheel 36 is controlled by the moving distance of the rack 9, so that reasonable tests can be carried out through experiments, when the rack 9 drives the limiting rod 40 to contact with the second rotating wheel 36, the limiting rod 40 can move into the groove of the second rotating wheel 36, and therefore limiting operation of the second rotating wheel 36 is achieved, and the second rotating wheel 36 cannot rotate along with the second rotating wheel 35.
The outer wall of the box body 1 is fixedly connected with a sleeve 3, a center rod 4 is rotatably arranged in the sleeve 3, and the outer wall of the sleeve 3 is slidably connected with a first L-shaped seat 7; the box 1 fixedly connected with first guide bar 6, first guide bar 6 and the 7 sliding connection of first L type seat, first guide bar 6 cover is equipped with first spring 8, and first spring 8 one end links to each other with box 1, and first spring 8 other end links to each other with first L type seat 7, and first L type seat 7 and rack 9 fixed connection. The first spring 8 is used for resetting the first L-shaped seat 7. The outer wall of the sleeve 3 is also fixedly connected with a fixed handle 30.
The center rod 4 penetrates out of the sleeve 3 and is connected with a rotating handle 42, the outer wall of the sleeve 3 is connected with a limiting ball 2 through a limiting spring 5, and the rotating handle 42 is provided with a plurality of grooves matched with the limiting ball 2. Under the action of the limiting spring 5, the limiting ball 2 moves into the groove of the rotating handle 42, so that the rotating handle 42 is limited.
The cutter 18 is connected above the through hole of the limiting plate 21 through a driving mechanism. The upper fixing seat 16 is provided with a groove, a cutter fixing seat 17 is arranged in the groove of the upper fixing seat 16, a driving mechanism is connected with the cutter fixing seat 17, and a cutter 18 is fixedly connected with the cutter fixing seat 17.
The driving mechanism comprises an auxiliary rod 26 fixedly connected with the cutter 18, the auxiliary rod 26 is fixedly connected with the cutter fixing seat 17, the auxiliary rod 26 is slidably connected with the box body 1, and the other end of the auxiliary rod 26 penetrates out of the box body 1 and is connected with a second L-shaped seat 28. The box 1 is fixedly connected with a second guide rod 27, the second guide rod 27 is in sliding connection with a second L-shaped seat 28, a tension spring 25 is sleeved on the second guide rod 27, one end of the tension spring 25 is connected with the box 1, and the other end of the tension spring 25 is connected with the second L-shaped seat 28. The bottom end of the second L-shaped seat 28 is also fixedly connected with a movable handle 29, and the movable handle 29 is in sliding connection with the outer wall of the sleeve 3.
The invention also provides a using method of the quarantine plant disease specimen collecting device, which adopts the quarantine plant disease specimen collecting device and comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, placing the device on one side of a plant, sliding the rack 9 upwards, driving the rotating rod 12 to rotate through the rotation of the gear 11, driving the first rotating wheel 35 to rotate through the rotating wheel rope 34 by the rotating rod 12, driving the second rotating wheel 36 to rotate under the action of the deflector rod 32, and then driving the sliding cover 20 to open through the sliding cover rope 13, so that the corresponding sampling box 19 is opened;
s2: with the continued rotation of the rack 9, after the rack 9 contacts with the spring switch, the spring switch contacts with the second rotating wheel 36 to limit the continued rotation of the second rotating wheel 36, at this time, the sampling box 19 is completely opened, and at the same time, the opening part of the box 1 is opened, so that the plant part to be sampled is detected into the box 1;
s3: the rack 9 slides downwards, the rack 9 drives the rotating rod 12 to rotate through the gear 11, the reset of the first rotating wheel 35 is realized under the action of the scroll spring, at the moment, the deflector rod 32 slides in the limit groove 10 under the action of the third spring 24, the rotating rod 12 is used for realizing the clamping action on plant branches, then the cutter 18 is driven to move through the driving mechanism, the plant branches are cut off, and the cut-off part falls into the sampling box 19;
s4: after the sampling is finished, the rack 9 is slid upwards, the rack 9 rotates through the gear 11 to drive the rotating rod 12 to rotate, at the moment, the rotating rod 12 does not clamp the plant branches any more, then the plant is taken out, in the process, the deflector rod 32 rotates around the movable block 322 under the action of the torsion spring 321, and the first rotating wheel 35 rotates relative to the second rotating wheel 36;
s5: when the rack 9 contacts with the spring switch, the spring switch does not limit the rotation of the second rotating wheel 36 any more, then slides the rack 9 downwards to the initial position, and simultaneously, under the action of the second spring 15, the sliding cover 20 and the rotating rod 12 return to the initial position, thereby completing the collection work of the plant specimen.
The method for operating the spring switch comprises the following steps: in step S2, after the rack 9 contacts with the brake lever 38, the brake lever 38 is driven to move upwards, and meanwhile, the limit lever 40 slides in the sliding groove 41, and when the limit lever 40 moves to the lower bending part 413, the upper end of the brake lever 38 is in close contact with the second rotating wheel 36, so as to realize limit operation of the second rotating wheel 36; in step S5, after the rack 9 contacts with the brake lever 38, the brake lever 38 is driven to move upward, and the stop lever 40 slides in the sliding groove 41, and when the stop lever 40 moves to the upper bending portion 412, the upper end of the brake lever 38 is no longer in contact with the second rotating wheel 36.
In step S1, the first L-shaped seat 7 is manually slid upward, and the first L-shaped seat 7 further drives the rack 9 to move upward.
In step S3, the downward movement of the rack 9 can be achieved by the restoring action of the first spring 8, so as to drive the rotating rod 12 to restore, and the clamping action of the branches of the plants is achieved by the rotating rod 12.
The limiting rod 40 is located at the position of the upper bending part 412 in the initial state, so in actual use, the limiting effect of the limiting rod 40 on the second rotating wheel 36 can be achieved only by driving the rack 9 to move upwards, and after the rack 9 contacts with the brake rod 38, driving the limiting rod 40 to slide along the sliding groove 41 and further move to the position of the lower bending part 413.
When the first spring 8 is reset, the first wheel 35 rotates, while the second wheel 36 does not.
In step S4, when the rack 9 is slid upward, the torsion spring 321 needs to be overcome, so that the lever 32 rotates around the movable block 322, the first rotating wheel 35 rotates, and the second rotating wheel 35 does not rotate.
In addition, when center pole 4 rotates, drive sampling box 19 and rotate, and at this in-process, under the effect of fixed plate 21, make sampling box 19 inside form airtight space all the time, thereby do benefit to the collection work of plant sample, and can carry out the collection work of multiple plant simultaneously, and prevent to contact between the adjacent sample, thereby produce adverse effect, and the spacing work of rotation handle 42 can be realized to spacing ball 2 that sets up, when needs rotate center pole 4, only need manual drive spacing ball 2 break away from spacing handle 42, can realize spacing handle 42's free rotation, very big improvement the convenient degree of operation, and have better spacing effect to center pole 4, have high spreading value.
In addition, the first rotating wheel 35 and the second rotating wheel 36 which are arranged to rotate relatively drive the rotating rod 12 to open when the rack 9 moves, so that branches of plants can conveniently enter the box body, and the rotating rod 12 can simultaneously drive the first rotating wheel 35 and the second rotating wheel 36 to rotate, so that when the rotating rod 12 is opened, the sliding cover 20 can be opened, and the sampling box 19 positioned below the cutter 18 can be opened.
When collecting work, the rotating rod 12 resets, the rotating rod 12 realizes the clamping work of plants, the cutter 18 drives branches to shake when the cutter 18 works, so that normal collecting work is unfavorable, the deflector rod 32 can freely slide in the limiting groove 10 under the action of the third spring 24 in the process, the relative movement of the first rotating wheel 35 and the second rotating wheel 36 is realized, the branches are fixed firstly and then are collected, the manual collecting habit is met, the collecting quality is higher, the collecting efficiency is better, and the conditions of secondary labor and the like are effectively prevented.
In addition, the driving lever 32 connected with the movable block 322 through the torsion spring 321 is provided, and the elasticity of the torsion spring 321 is greater than that of the second spring 15, so that the first rotating wheel 35 can overcome the second spring 15 to drive the second rotating wheel 36 to rotate.
And under the effect of third spring 24, first runner 35 and second runner 36 can take place relative rotation again, the spring switch who sets up is including the sharp angle portion 411 that misplaces with last kink 412, upper and lower kink can realize the relative fixation of gag lever post 40 position, and can realize the free slip of driving lever 32 in the sliding tray again under the effect of sharp angle portion 411, when gag lever post 40 removes, and then can realize the spacing work to second runner 36, thereby can make sliding closure 20 be in the state of opening all the time, do benefit to the collection work of sample, rational in infrastructure, only need can realize the work of opening of sliding closure 20 through removing rack 9, when first spring 8 resets again can drive dwang 12 and rotate, realize the centre gripping of dwang 12 to the branch, be unlikely to again influence the normal opening and the closing of sliding closure.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The quarantine plant disease specimen collection device comprises a box body (1) with an opening at one side, and is characterized in that a sampling fixing seat (23) is rotatably connected in the box body (1) through a central rod (4), a plurality of sampling boxes (19) are connected in the sampling fixing seat (23), and the central rod (4) penetrates out of the box body (1) and is rotatably connected with the box body (1); the box body (1) is fixedly connected with a fixing plate (21) for covering the sampling box (19), the fixing plate (21) is provided with a through hole matched with the sampling box (19), the sampling box (19) is arranged below the through hole, the through hole is provided with a sliding cover (20) which is in sliding connection with the fixing plate (21), the sliding cover (20) is connected with the fixing plate (21) through a second spring (15), and a cutter (18) is connected above the through hole through a driving mechanism; the fixed plate (21) is coaxially and rotatably connected with a second rotating wheel (36) and a first rotating wheel (35), the first rotating wheel (35) is arranged above the second rotating wheel (36), a sliding cover rope (13) is fixedly wound on the second rotating wheel (36), and the other end of the sliding cover rope (13) is connected with the sliding cover (20); the first rotating wheel (35) is provided with a limiting groove (10), the second rotating wheel (36) is connected with a deflector rod (32) through a third spring (24), and the upper end of the deflector rod (32) is arranged in the limiting groove (10) in a sliding way; the first rotating wheel (35) is fixedly wound with a rotating wheel rope (34), the box body (1) is connected with a rack (9) in a sliding mode, the box body (1) is further connected with a gear (11) in a rotating mode, and the gear (11) is meshed with the rack (9); the gear (11) is coaxially connected with a rotating rod (12), the rotating rod (12) is arranged at the opening part of the box body (1), and the other end of the rotating wheel rope (34) is connected with the rotating rod (12); the fixed plate (21) is also connected with a spring switch matched with the second rotating wheel (36), and the rack (9) is arranged right below the spring switch.
2. The quarantine plant disease specimen collection device according to claim 1, wherein a spiral spring is provided in the first rotating wheel (35), and the first rotating wheel (35) is rotatably connected with the second rotating wheel (36) through a bearing; the second rotating wheel (36) is connected with a movable block (322) through a third spring (24), the movable block (322) is in sliding connection with the second rotating wheel (36), the movable block (322) is connected with the deflector rod (32) through a torsion spring (321), and the elasticity of the torsion spring (321) is larger than that of the second spring (15).
3. A quarantine plant disease specimen collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that the spring switch comprises a fixed housing (37) fixedly connected with the fixed plate (21), a brake lever (38) arranged in a vertical direction is slidably connected in the fixed housing (37), and the brake lever (38) is arranged below the second rotating wheel (36) and is adapted to the second rotating wheel (36); the brake rod (38) is sleeved with a fourth spring (39), one end of the fourth spring (39) is connected with the brake rod (38), and the other end of the fourth spring (39) is connected with the fixed shell (37); the fixed shell (37) is further rotationally connected with a limiting rod (40), the brake rod (38) is provided with a sliding groove (41), and the limiting rod (40) is arranged in the sliding groove (41) in a sliding mode.
4. A quarantine plant disease specimen collection device according to claim 3, wherein the limit groove (10) comprises a vertical side (101) and a bevel side (102), and when the sliding cover rope (13) is wound on the second rotating wheel (36), the sliding cover rope (13) drives the sliding cover (20) to move, and the deflector rod (32) is in contact with the vertical side (101).
5. The quarantine plant disease specimen collection device according to claim 4, wherein a sleeve (3) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the box body (1), the center rod (4) is rotatably arranged in the sleeve (3), and a first L-shaped seat (7) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the sleeve (3); the novel energy-saving box comprises a box body (1), and is characterized in that a first guide rod (6) is fixedly connected to the box body (1), the first guide rod (6) is slidably connected with a first L-shaped seat (7), a first spring (8) is sleeved on the first guide rod (6), one end of the first spring (8) is connected with the box body (1), the other end of the first spring (8) is connected with the first L-shaped seat (7), and the first L-shaped seat (7) is fixedly connected with a rack (9).
6. The quarantine plant disease specimen collection device according to claim 5, wherein the central rod (4) penetrates out of the sleeve (3) and is connected with a rotating handle (42), the outer wall of the sleeve (3) is connected with a limiting ball (2) through a limiting spring (5), and the rotating handle (42) is provided with a plurality of grooves matched with the limiting ball (2).
7. A quarantine plant disease specimen collection device according to claim 6, characterized in that the driving mechanism comprises an auxiliary rod (26) fixedly connected with the cutter (18), the auxiliary rod (26) is slidably connected with the box body (1), and the other end of the auxiliary rod (26) penetrates out of the box body (1) and is connected with a second L-shaped seat (28); the novel box comprises a box body (1), and is characterized in that a second guide rod (27) is fixedly connected to the box body (1), the second guide rod (27) is slidably connected with a second L-shaped seat (28), a tension spring (25) is sleeved on the second guide rod (27), one end of the tension spring (25) is connected with the box body (1), and the other end of the tension spring (25) is connected with the second L-shaped seat (28).
8. A method of using a quarantine plant disease specimen collection device of claim 7, comprising the steps of:
the device is firstly placed on one side of a plant, a rack (9) is upwards slid, the rack (9) rotates through a gear (11) to drive a rotating rod (12) to rotate, the rotating rod (12) drives a first rotating wheel (35) to rotate through a rotating wheel rope (34), a second rotating wheel (36) is driven to rotate under the action of a deflector rod (32), and then a sliding cover (20) is driven to be opened through a sliding cover rope (13), so that a corresponding sampling box (19) is opened;
s2: along with the continuous rotation of the rack (9), after the rack (9) is contacted with the spring switch, the spring switch is contacted with the second rotating wheel (36) so as to limit the continuous rotation of the second rotating wheel (36), at the moment, the sampling box (19) is completely opened, and meanwhile, the opening part of the box body (1) is opened, so that the plant part to be sampled is detected into the box body (1);
s3: the rack (9) slides downwards, the rack (9) drives the rotating rod (12) to rotate through the gear (11), the first rotating wheel (35) is reset under the action of the scroll spring, at the moment, the deflector rod (32) slides in the limit groove (10) under the action of the third spring (24), the rotating rod (12) is used for realizing the clamping action on plant branches, then the cutter (18) is driven to move through the driving mechanism, the plant disease branches are cut off, and the cut-off part falls into the sampling box (19);
s4: after sampling is finished, the rack (9) is upwards slid, the rack (9) drives the rotating rod (12) to rotate through the rotation of the gear (11), at the moment, the rotating rod (12) does not clamp plant branches any more, then the diseased branches are taken out, in the process, under the action of the torsion spring (321), the deflector rod (32) rotates around the movable block (322), and the first rotating wheel (35) rotates relative to the second rotating wheel (36);
s5: when the rack (9) is contacted with the spring switch, the spring switch does not limit the rotation of the second rotating wheel (36), then the rack (9) is slid downwards to an initial position, and simultaneously under the action of the second spring (15), the sliding cover (20) and the rotating rod (12) return to the initial position, so that the collection work of the plant specimen is completed.
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| CN202110961709.8A CN113687029B (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | Quarantine plant disease specimen collection device and application method thereof |
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| CN202110961709.8A CN113687029B (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | Quarantine plant disease specimen collection device and application method thereof |
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| CN108680380A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-10-19 | 赵瑞霞 | Plant quarantine tissue slice apparatus |
| CN209241800U (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-08-13 | 广西师范大学 | A kind of plant disease sample sampling cabinet |
| JP6784902B1 (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2020-11-18 | 永康市頂点環保科技有限公司 | A device that can quickly detect residual pesticides |
| CN112414814A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-02-26 | 张莉 | Sample extraction element for plant quarantine |
| CN112604729A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-06 | 天津海关动植物与食品检测中心 | Sampling device for quarantine of import and export animals |
| CN213181499U (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-05-11 | 薛光山 | Sample collection system for plant quarantine |
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2021
- 2021-08-20 CN CN202110961709.8A patent/CN113687029B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108680380A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-10-19 | 赵瑞霞 | Plant quarantine tissue slice apparatus |
| CN209241800U (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-08-13 | 广西师范大学 | A kind of plant disease sample sampling cabinet |
| JP6784902B1 (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2020-11-18 | 永康市頂点環保科技有限公司 | A device that can quickly detect residual pesticides |
| CN213181499U (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-05-11 | 薛光山 | Sample collection system for plant quarantine |
| CN112414814A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-02-26 | 张莉 | Sample extraction element for plant quarantine |
| CN112604729A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-06 | 天津海关动植物与食品检测中心 | Sampling device for quarantine of import and export animals |
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