CN113686376A - Laser rock breaking test method and system - Google Patents
Laser rock breaking test method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113686376A CN113686376A CN202111014285.0A CN202111014285A CN113686376A CN 113686376 A CN113686376 A CN 113686376A CN 202111014285 A CN202111014285 A CN 202111014285A CN 113686376 A CN113686376 A CN 113686376A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser rock breaking test method and a laser rock breaking test system, which comprise an optical experiment platform, an experiment cavity, a laser generating device, a detection device and a clamping simulation system, wherein the optical experiment platform is provided with an experiment table, the experiment table can move along the height direction of the optical experiment platform, a rectangular rock sample is placed on the experiment table, the experiment cavity is arranged on the optical experiment platform and enables the rectangular rock sample to be located in the experiment cavity, the detection device is arranged in the experiment cavity, the laser generating device comprises an optical fiber laser and an optical fiber collimation focusing head connected with the optical fiber laser, and the optical fiber laser is used for emitting laser with different powers. The rock breaking process under the action of different repetition frequencies, different pulse widths and different powers of the laser and the rock breaking process under different rock environments are integrated, the function of the laser rock breaking test is improved, the simulation test function is more comprehensive, and more accurate and more comprehensive theoretical support is provided for actual laser rock breaking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser rock breaking, in particular to a laser rock breaking test method and a laser rock breaking test system.
Background
The oil and gas resources stored underground are quite rich, however, with the long-time exploitation, the development of underground mineral resources gradually moves to deepening, and the traditional drilling technology is difficult to effectively solve the drilling problem of deep complex formations in the face of the characteristics of high ground stress, high hardness of rocks, complex formations and the like of deep formations. The laser rock breaking technology also shows good application prospects in deep resource exploitation due to the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, high reliability and the like, and becomes a hotspot of research in recent years. In addition, as a high-energy-density rock breaking sharp tool, different parameters such as power, power density and the like have different damage mechanisms on different rock samples, and meanwhile, different environmental parameters around the rock have different damage mechanisms on the rock samples, so that the environmental parameters greatly influence the laser rock breaking by the bearing pressure of the rock and the temperature of the rock, but the prior art does not provide an experimental device for researching the influence of different laser parameters on the laser rock breaking and the influence of different environmental parameters on the laser rock breaking into a whole, and cannot provide theoretical and data support on the actual laser rock breaking, thereby influencing the development of the laser rock breaking technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a laser rock breaking test method and a laser rock breaking test system, which integrate the rock breaking process under the action of researching laser with different repetition frequencies, different pulse widths and different powers with the rock breaking process under different rock environments, improve the function of laser rock breaking test, enable the simulation test function to be more comprehensive and provide more accurate and more comprehensive theoretical support for actual laser rock breaking.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a laser rock breaking test method comprises the following steps:
s1, manufacturing a rock sample in a cuboid shape and placing the rock sample on a test bench;
s2, inputting initial pressure to the pressure sensor and initial temperature to the electric heating plate through the control system, and driving the corresponding first pressure applying plate and second pressure applying plate to apply initial pressure to the side wall of the rock sample through the first air cylinder and the second air cylinder;
s3, the optical experiment platform drives the experiment table to ascend, the rock sample is clamped between the experiment table and the limiting plate under the action of the limiting plate, and the experiment table applies initial pressure to the bottom surface of the rock sample to complete the simulated pressure loading of the rock sample;
s4, installing the optical fiber collimation focusing head in an experiment cavity, then installing the experiment cavity on an optical experiment platform, and enabling the rock sample to be located in the experiment cavity, so that the optical fiber collimation focusing head is aligned to the upper surface of the rock sample;
s5, adjusting the shooting height of the imaging camera; the third cylinder stretches and retracts to drive the C-shaped seat to move up and down so as to adjust the shooting height of the imaging camera and enable the rock sample to be located within the shooting range of the imaging camera;
s6, adjusting the shooting angle of the imaging camera; the motor drives the screw rod to rotate, and the rectangular sliding block is connected with the base in a sliding mode so as to limit the rotational freedom degree of the rectangular sliding block, so that the rectangular sliding block drives the conical tube to move along the axial direction of the screw rod, the height of the imaging camera supported by the conical tube is changed, and the rock sample is located in the optimal shooting range of the imaging camera;
s7, starting an experiment; under the condition that the initial pressure and the initial temperature of a rock sample are not changed, the output frequency, the pulse width and the output power of an optical fiber collimation focusing head are changed through an optical fiber laser, the experimental conditions in the rock breaking process are detected and recorded in real time through an imaging camera, the reflection power of the rock sample is measured through a power test probe, and therefore the absorption energy of the rock sample is obtained, and the rock breaking process and mechanism of the laser under the action of different repetition frequencies, different pulse widths and different powers are researched;
s8, changing the initial pressure of the rock sample under the condition that the initial temperature of the rock sample is not changed and the output frequency, pulse width and output power of the optical fiber collimation focusing head are not changed, and researching the influence of the rock on the laser rock breaking process under the action of different pressures;
s9, changing the initial temperature of the rock sample under the condition that the initial pressure of the rock sample is unchanged and the output frequency, the pulse width and the output power of the optical fiber collimation focusing head are unchanged, and researching the influence of the rock on the laser rock breaking process under the action of different temperatures;
and S10, analyzing the detected experimental data.
A laser rock breaking test system comprises an optical experiment platform, an experiment cavity, a laser generating device, a detection device and a clamping simulation system, wherein the optical experiment platform is provided with an experiment table, the experiment table can move along the height direction of the optical experiment platform, a rectangular rock sample is placed on the experiment table, the experiment cavity is arranged on the optical experiment platform and enables the rectangular rock sample to be located in the experiment cavity, and the detection device is arranged in the experiment cavity;
the laser generating device comprises a fiber laser and a fiber collimation focusing head connected with the fiber laser, the fiber laser is used for emitting lasers with different powers, and the fiber collimation focusing head is arranged in the experimental cavity;
the clamping simulation system comprises two groups of limiting clamping mechanisms and two groups of clamping mechanisms, wherein the two groups of limiting clamping mechanisms and the two groups of clamping mechanisms respectively act on four side walls of the rectangular rock sample and are used for clamping the rectangular rock sample and applying experiment pressure;
the detection device comprises an imaging camera and a power test probe, wherein a base of the imaging camera is hinged to the inner wall of the experiment cavity, the imaging camera is used for shooting the rock breaking form of the surface of the rectangular rock sample, and the power test probe is used for measuring the reflection power of the surface of the rectangular rock sample.
Further, two sets of spacing fixture symmetry sets up, spacing fixture includes first cylinder and first application of pressure board, the base of first cylinder is fixed to be set up on the optics experiment platform, first application of pressure board is fixed to be set up on the telescopic shaft of first cylinder, the top of first application of pressure board is fixed with the limiting plate, first application of pressure board and the laminating of the lateral wall of rectangle rock sample, the upper surface of limiting plate laminating rectangle rock sample.
Furthermore, the two groups of clamping mechanisms are symmetrically arranged, each clamping mechanism comprises a second air cylinder and a second pressing plate, a base of each second air cylinder is fixedly arranged on the optical experiment platform, the second pressing plates are fixedly arranged on telescopic shafts of the second air cylinders, and the second pressing plates are attached to the side walls of the rectangular rock samples.
Furthermore, the first pressing plate, the second pressing plate and the experiment table are all embedded with electric heating plates, and the electric heating plates are attached to the outer wall of the rectangular rock sample.
Furthermore, the first pressing plate, the second pressing plate and the experiment table are both provided with a pressure sensor in an embedded mode.
Further, the inner wall of experiment cavity slides and is equipped with the draw runner, be fixed with C type seat on the draw runner, the below of draw runner is provided with the third cylinder, the telescopic shaft of third cylinder with the draw runner is fixed, the third cylinder is used for driving the draw runner along the direction of height of experiment cavity removes, be provided with the pivot in the C type seat, the pivot with C type seat fixed connection, imaging camera is located in the C type seat, imaging camera's base activity is worn to establish in the pivot, be provided with angle adjustment mechanism on the draw runner, angle adjustment mechanism is located imaging camera's below, angle adjustment mechanism is used for adjusting imaging camera's the angle of shooing.
Further, angle adjustment mechanism includes base, lead screw, rectangle slider and toper pipe, the base is fixed to be set up on the draw runner, the base shape is "L" type, the one end of lead screw with the base rotates to be connected, the rectangle slider with lead screw threaded connection, the rectangle slider with base sliding connection, the big diameter end of toper pipe with the rectangle slider is kept away from the one end of base is fixed, the lateral wall of toper pipe with the imaging camera contact, the one end that the lead screw was kept away from to the base is provided with the motor, the output shaft of motor with the one end transmission of lead screw is connected.
Further, detection device still includes infrared imager, infrared imager is used for monitoring the temperature variation of laser broken rock rectangle rock sample under the rock.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. a laser rock breaking test method and a laser rock breaking test system integrate the rock breaking process of research laser under the action of different repetition frequencies, different pulse widths and different powers with the rock breaking process under different rock environments, perfect the function of laser rock breaking test, enable the simulation test function to be more comprehensive, and provide more accurate and more comprehensive theoretical support for actual laser rock breaking.
2. But imaging camera's shooting height and shooting angle accurate adjustment make rock sample fall in imaging camera's best shooting range, guarantee imaging camera clear complete whole broken rock experimental process of laser of monitoring, the broken rock data of follow-up more accurate analysis laser of being convenient for.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a laser rock breaking test system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of an optical experiment platform in the laser rock breaking test system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an angle adjustment mechanism in a laser rock breaking test system according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1-optical experiment platform, 2-experiment cavity, 3-clamping simulation system, 4-experiment table, 5-fiber laser, 6-fiber collimation focusing head, 7-limiting clamping mechanism, 8-clamping mechanism, 9-imaging camera, 10-power test probe, 11-first air cylinder, 12-first pressing plate, 13-limiting plate, 14-second air cylinder, 15-second pressing plate, 16-electric heating plate, 17-pressure sensor, 18-C type seat, 19-rotating shaft, 20-third air cylinder, 21-base, 22-screw rod, 23-rectangular sliding block, 24-conical tube, 25-infrared imager, 26-motor and 27-sliding strip.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a laser rock breaking test system includes an optical experiment platform 1, an experiment cavity 2, a laser generating device, a detecting device and a clamping simulation system 3, wherein the optical experiment platform 1 is provided with an experiment table 4, the experiment table 4 can move along the height direction of the optical experiment platform 1, a rectangular rock sample is placed on the experiment table 4, the experiment cavity 2 is arranged on the optical experiment platform 1 and enables the rectangular rock sample to be located in the experiment cavity 2, the detecting device is arranged in the experiment cavity 2, the laser generating device includes an optical fiber laser 5 and an optical fiber collimation focusing head 6 connected with the optical fiber laser 5, the optical fiber laser 5 is used for emitting lasers with different powers, the optical fiber collimation focusing head 6 is arranged in the experiment cavity 2, and the optical fiber collimation focusing head 4 is fixed on the top of the inner cavity of the experiment cavity 2 through screws; the clamping simulation system 3 comprises two groups of limiting clamping mechanisms 7 and two groups of clamping mechanisms 8, wherein the two groups of limiting clamping mechanisms 7 and the two groups of clamping mechanisms 8 are respectively acted on four side walls of the rectangular rock sample and are used for clamping the rectangular rock sample and applying experiment pressure; placing the prepared rock sample on an experiment table 4, and clamping the rock sample through two groups of limiting clamping mechanisms 7 and two groups of clamping mechanisms 8 to perform a laser rock breaking experiment; the detection device comprises an imaging camera 9 and a power test probe 10, wherein a base of the imaging camera 9 is hinged to the inner wall of the experiment cavity 2, the imaging camera 9 is used for shooting the rock breaking form of the surface of the rectangular rock sample, and the power test probe 10 is used for measuring the reflection power of the surface of the rectangular rock sample; the output frequency, the pulse width and the output power of the optical fiber collimation focusing head 6 are changed through the optical fiber laser 5, so that the laser rock breaking process and mechanism under the action of different repetition frequencies, different pulse widths and different powers are researched, finally, the laser rock breaking process is shot through the imaging camera 9, the rock breaking form on the surface of a rock sample is obtained, the reflection power of the rock sample is measured through the power test probe 10, the absorption energy of the rock sample is obtained, the energy absorption condition of the rock sample under different powers of the optical fiber collimation focusing head 4 is obtained, so that the influence of different parameters of the laser on rock breaking can be researched by the experimental device, experimental data support is provided for actual rock breaking, the laser with proper parameters can be conveniently selected according to the rock breaking experimental parameters of the laser in the actual rock breaking process, and the higher rock breaking effect is guaranteed.
Further, referring to fig. 1 and 2, two sets of limiting clamping mechanisms 7 are symmetrically arranged, each limiting clamping mechanism 7 comprises a first air cylinder 11 and a first pressing plate 12, a base of each first air cylinder 11 is fixedly arranged on the optical experiment platform 1, each first pressing plate 12 is fixedly arranged on a telescopic shaft of each first air cylinder 11, a limiting plate 13 is fixedly arranged at the top of each first pressing plate 12, each first pressing plate 12 is attached to a side wall of a rectangular rock sample, each limiting plate 13 is attached to the upper surface of the rectangular rock sample, the two sets of clamping mechanisms 8 are symmetrically arranged, each clamping mechanism 8 comprises a second air cylinder 14 and a second pressing plate 15, the base of each second air cylinder 14 is fixedly arranged on the optical experiment platform 1, each second pressing plate 15 is fixedly arranged on a telescopic shaft of each second air cylinder 14, each second pressing plate 15 is attached to a side wall of the rectangular rock sample, each first pressing plate 12, each second pressing plate 15 and each experiment table 4 are embedded with an electric heating plate 16, the electric heating plate 16 is attached to the outer wall of the rectangular rock sample, the outer side environment temperature of the rock is simulated through the electric heating plate 16, the parameter of the optical fiber collimation focusing head 6 and the loading pressure parameter of the rock sample can be guaranteed to be unchanged, the environment temperature of the rock sample is changed, and the influence on laser rock breaking under different environment temperature conditions is researched; the first pressing plate 12, the second pressing plate 15 and the experiment table 4 are both embedded with pressure sensors 17, the loading pressure of a rock sample is monitored through the pressure sensors 17, the parameter of the optical fiber collimation focusing head 6 and the temperature parameter of the electric heating plate 16 can be guaranteed to be unchanged, the loading pressure of the rock sample is changed, and the influence on laser rock breaking under different pressure conditions is researched; after a rock sample is placed on the experiment table 4, the experiment table 4 is driven to move downwards through the optical experiment platform 1, so that the vertical distance between the experiment table 4 and the limiting plate 13 is larger than the height of the rock sample, then the first air cylinder 11 and the second air cylinder 14 are started, the first pressing plate 12 and the second pressing plate 15 are enabled to move close to the rock sample, the rock sample is clamped through the first pressing plate 12 and the second pressing plate 15 and is pressed with initial pressure, the experiment table 4 is driven to move upwards through the optical experiment platform again, the initial pressure is applied to the bottom surface of the rock sample through the experiment table 4, the upper surface of the rock is in an exposed state in the actual rock breaking process, so that the rock sample is not subjected to pressure, the rock sample is separated from the limiting plate 13 under the pressure action of the first pressing plate 12 and the second pressing plate 15, so that the upper surface of the rock sample is not subjected to pressure, and the loading of the pressure is more practical, even if the rock sample moves upwards due to the fact that the experiment table 4 applies pressure to the bottom surface of the rock sample, the movement of the rock sample is limited under the limiting effect of the limiting plate 13, and the bottom surface of the rock sample can bear initial pressure, and under the effect of the first pressing plate 12 and the second pressing plate 15, the friction force between the first pressing plate 12 and the rock sample and the friction force between the second pressing plate 15 and the rock sample are greatly increased, so that the contact pressure between the rock sample and the limiting plate 13 is far smaller than the initial pressure, the influence of the rock sample on a rock breaking experiment result even if the rock sample is in contact with the limiting plate 13 can be ignored, and the arrangement of the limiting plate 13 can ensure that the bottom surface of the rock sample can bear the pressure required by the experiment, so that the rock breaking experiment is more accurate; in specific implementation, the bottom of the experiment cavity 2 is provided with an opening, and the top of the experiment cavity 5 is made of transparent material, such as glass, so that when the experiment cavity 2 is installed, the relative position relationship between the optical fiber collimation focusing head 4 and a rock sample can be observed conveniently through the top of the experiment cavity 2, and the installation of the experiment cavity 2 is more accurate; it is worth noting that variables and quantification can be set arbitrarily among the loading temperature, the environment temperature and the laser parameters of the rock sample, two groups of parameters can be subjected to variable, and the other group of parameters is set as a constant value, so that the influence of different variable parameter combinations on the laser rock breaking result can be researched.
Further, referring to fig. 1 and 3, a slide bar 27 is slidably disposed on an inner wall of the experiment cavity 2, a C-shaped seat 18 is fixed on the slide bar 27, a third cylinder 20 is disposed below the slide bar 27, a telescopic shaft of the third cylinder 20 is fixed to the slide bar 27, the third cylinder 20 is used for driving the slide bar 27 to move along the height direction of the experiment cavity 2, a rotating shaft 19 is disposed in the C-shaped seat 18, the rotating shaft 19 is fixedly connected with the C-shaped seat 18, the imaging camera 9 is located in the C-shaped seat 18, a base of the imaging camera 9 is movably inserted into the rotating shaft 19, an angle adjusting mechanism is disposed on the slide bar 27, the angle adjusting mechanism is located below the imaging camera 9, and the angle adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting a photographing angle of the imaging camera 9; the shooting height of the imaging camera 9 is adjusted through the third cylinder 20, specifically, the third cylinder 20 is vertically arranged on the inner wall of the experiment cavity 2, the sliding strip 27 is driven to move up and down through the extension and contraction of the third cylinder 20, and then the C-shaped seat 18 and the angle adjusting mechanism on the sliding strip 27 are driven to move up and down, so that the shooting height of the imaging camera 9 is changed, and the rock sample falls in the shooting range of the imaging camera 9; the angle adjusting mechanism comprises a base 21, a screw rod 22, a rectangular sliding block 23 and a conical tube 24, the base 21 is fixedly arranged on a slide bar 27, the base 21 is L-shaped, one end of the screw rod 22 is rotatably connected with the base 21, the rectangular sliding block 23 is in threaded connection with the screw rod 22, the rectangular sliding block 23 is in sliding connection with the base 21, the large-diameter end of the conical tube 24 is fixed with one end of the rectangular sliding block 23 away from the base 21, the outer side wall of the conical tube 24 is in contact with the imaging camera 9, one end of the base 21 away from the screw rod 22 is provided with a motor 26, the output shaft of the motor 26 is in transmission connection with one end of the screw rod 22, the shooting angle of the imaging camera 9 is adjusted through the angle adjusting mechanism, specifically, the motor 26 drives the screw rod 22 to rotate, and the rectangular sliding block 23 is in sliding connection with the base 21 to limit the rotation freedom degree of the rectangular sliding block 23, so that the rectangular sliding block 23 drives the conical tube 24 to move along the axial direction of the screw rod 22, the height of the conical tube 24 supporting the imaging camera 9 is changed, so that the rock sample is positioned in the optimal shooting range of the imaging camera 9, the imaging camera is ensured to clearly and completely monitor the whole laser rock breaking experiment process, and the laser rock breaking data can be conveniently and accurately analyzed subsequently; it is worth noting that the screw rod 22 is adopted to drive the rectangular sliding block 23 to move for a shorter distance in unit time relative to the cylinder, and meanwhile, the inclined surface of the conical tube 24 is matched, so that the imaging camera 9 can accurately adjust the shooting angle in a small range, and the conical tubes 24 with different tapers can be adopted to change the rotating angle of the imaging camera 9.
Further, the detection device further comprises an infrared imager 25, wherein the infrared imager 25 is used for monitoring the temperature change of the rectangular rock sample under the laser rock breaking; infrared imager 25 also adopts the regulative mode of formation of image camera 9 to carry out height and formation of image angle regulation, and infrared imager 25 also realizes altitude mixture control through a gliding base promptly, then sets up angle adjustment mechanism and adjusts infrared imager 25's formation of image angle to make infrared imager 25 can more clear accurate monitoring rock sample's temperature variation, make the monitoring result more accurate.
According to the above, the experimental method for performing the laser rock breaking experiment by using the laser rock breaking test system comprises the following steps:
s1, manufacturing a rock sample in a cuboid shape and placing the rock sample on the experiment table 4;
s2, inputting initial pressure to the pressure sensor 17 and initial temperature to the electric heating plate 16 through the control system, and driving the corresponding first pressure applying plate 12 and second pressure applying plate 15 to apply initial pressure to the side wall of the rock sample through the first air cylinder 11 and the second air cylinder 14;
s3, the optical experiment platform 1 drives the experiment table 4 to ascend, the rock sample is clamped between the experiment table 4 and the limiting plate 13 under the action of the limiting plate 13, the experiment table 4 applies initial pressure to the bottom surface of the rock sample, and simulated pressure loading of the rock sample is completed;
s4, installing the optical fiber collimation focusing head 4 in the experiment cavity 2, then installing the experiment cavity 2 on the optical experiment platform 1, and enabling the rock sample to be located in the experiment cavity 2, so that the optical fiber collimation focusing head 4 is aligned to the upper surface of the rock sample;
s5, adjusting the shooting height of the imaging camera 9; the third cylinder 20 stretches and retracts to drive the C-shaped seat 18 to move up and down so as to adjust the shooting height of the imaging camera 9 and enable the rock sample to be located within the shooting range of the imaging camera 9;
s6, adjusting the shooting angle of the imaging camera 9; the motor 26 drives the screw rod 22 to rotate, and the rectangular sliding block 23 is connected with the base 21 in a sliding manner so as to limit the rotational freedom degree of the rectangular sliding block 23, so that the rectangular sliding block 23 drives the conical tube 24 to move along the axial direction of the screw rod 22, the height of the conical tube 24 supporting the imaging camera 9 is changed, and the rock sample is positioned in the optimal shooting range of the imaging camera 9;
s7, starting an experiment; under the condition that the initial pressure and the initial temperature of a rock sample are not changed, the output frequency, the pulse width and the output power of an optical fiber collimation focusing head 6 are changed through an optical fiber laser 5, the experimental conditions in the rock breaking process are detected and recorded in real time through an imaging camera 9, the reflection power of the rock sample is measured through a power test probe 10, and therefore the absorption energy of the rock sample is obtained, and the rock breaking process and the rock breaking mechanism of the laser under the action of different repetition frequencies, different pulse widths and different powers are researched;
s8, changing the initial pressure of the rock sample under the condition that the initial temperature of the rock sample is not changed and the output frequency, the pulse width and the output power of the optical fiber collimation focusing head 6 are not changed, and researching the influence of the rock on the laser rock breaking process under the action of different pressures;
s9, changing the initial temperature of the rock sample under the condition that the initial pressure of the rock sample is unchanged and the output frequency, the pulse width and the output power of the optical fiber collimation focusing head 6 are unchanged, and researching the influence of the rock on the laser rock breaking process under the action of different temperatures;
and S10, analyzing the detected experimental data.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A laser rock breaking test method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, manufacturing a rock sample in a cuboid shape and placing the rock sample on the experiment table (4);
s2, inputting initial pressure to a pressure sensor (17) and initial temperature to an electric heating plate (16) through a control system, and driving a corresponding first pressure applying plate (12) and a corresponding second pressure applying plate (15) to apply initial pressure to the side wall of the rock sample through a first air cylinder (11) and a second air cylinder (14);
s3, the optical experiment platform (1) drives the experiment table (4) to ascend, the rock sample is clamped between the experiment table (4) and the limiting plate (13) under the action of the limiting plate (13), and the experiment table (4) applies initial pressure to the bottom surface of the rock sample to complete the simulated pressure loading of the rock sample;
s4, installing the optical fiber collimation focusing head (4) in the experiment cavity (2), then installing the experiment cavity (2) on the optical experiment platform (1) and enabling the rock sample to be located in the experiment cavity (2), and enabling the optical fiber collimation focusing head (4) to be aligned to the upper surface of the rock sample;
s5, adjusting the shooting height of the imaging camera (9); the third cylinder (20) stretches and retracts to drive the C-shaped seat (18) to move up and down so as to adjust the shooting height of the imaging camera (9) to enable the rock sample to be located in the shooting range of the imaging camera (9);
s6, adjusting the shooting angle of the imaging camera (9); the motor (26) drives the screw rod (22) to rotate, and the rectangular sliding block (23) is connected with the base (21) in a sliding mode to limit the rotational freedom degree of the rectangular sliding block (23), so that the rectangular sliding block (23) drives the conical tube (24) to move along the axial direction of the screw rod (22), the height of the conical tube (24) supporting the imaging camera (9) is changed, and a rock sample is located in the optimal shooting range of the imaging camera (9);
s7, starting an experiment; under the condition that the initial pressure and the initial temperature of a rock sample are not changed, the output frequency, the pulse width and the output power of an optical fiber collimation focusing head (6) are changed through an optical fiber laser (5), the experimental conditions in the rock breaking process are detected and recorded in real time through an imaging camera (9), the reflection power of the rock sample is measured through a power testing probe (10), and therefore the absorption energy of the rock sample is obtained, and the rock breaking process and mechanism of the laser under the action of different repetition frequencies, different pulse widths and different powers are researched;
s8, changing the initial pressure of the rock sample under the condition that the initial temperature of the rock sample is unchanged and the output frequency, pulse width and output power of the optical fiber collimation focusing head (6) are unchanged, and researching the influence of the rock on the laser rock breaking process under the action of different pressures;
s9, changing the initial temperature of the rock sample under the condition that the initial pressure of the rock sample is unchanged and the output frequency, the pulse width and the output power of the optical fiber collimation focusing head (6) are unchanged, and researching the influence of the rock on the laser rock breaking process under the action of different temperatures;
and S10, analyzing the detected experimental data.
2. The laser rock breaking test system is characterized by comprising an optical experiment platform (1), an experiment cavity (2), a laser generating device, a detection device and a clamping simulation system (3), wherein the optical experiment platform (1) is provided with an experiment table (4), the experiment table (4) can move along the height direction of the optical experiment platform (1), a rectangular rock sample is placed on the experiment table (4), the experiment cavity (2) is arranged on the optical experiment platform (1) and enables the rectangular rock sample to be located in the experiment cavity (2), and the detection device is arranged in the experiment cavity (2);
the laser generating device comprises a fiber laser (5) and a fiber collimation focusing head (6) connected with the fiber laser (5), the fiber laser (5) is used for emitting lasers with different powers, and the fiber collimation focusing head (6) is arranged in the experiment cavity (2);
the clamping simulation system (3) comprises two groups of limiting clamping mechanisms (7) and two groups of clamping mechanisms (8), wherein the two groups of limiting clamping mechanisms (7) and the two groups of clamping mechanisms (8) respectively act on four side walls of a rectangular rock sample and are used for clamping the rectangular rock sample and applying experiment pressure;
the detection device comprises an imaging camera (9) and a power test probe (10), wherein a base of the imaging camera (9) is hinged to the inner wall of the experiment cavity (2), the imaging camera (9) is used for shooting the rock breaking form of the surface of the rectangular rock sample, and the power test probe (10) is used for measuring the reflection power of the surface of the rectangular rock sample.
3. The laser rock breaking test system according to claim 2, characterized in that two sets of the limiting clamping mechanisms (7) are symmetrically arranged, each limiting clamping mechanism (7) comprises a first air cylinder (11) and a first pressure applying plate (12), the base of the first air cylinder (11) is fixedly arranged on the optical experiment platform (1), the first pressure applying plate (12) is fixedly arranged on the telescopic shaft of the first air cylinder (11), a limiting plate (13) is fixed to the top of the first pressure applying plate (12), the first pressure applying plate (12) is attached to the side wall of the rectangular rock sample, and the limiting plate (13) is attached to the upper surface of the rectangular rock sample.
4. The laser rock breaking test system according to claim 3, wherein two sets of the clamping mechanisms (8) are symmetrically arranged, the clamping mechanisms (8) comprise second air cylinders (14) and second pressure applying plates (15), bases of the second air cylinders (14) are fixedly arranged on the optical experiment platform (1), the second pressure applying plates (15) are fixedly arranged on telescopic shafts of the second air cylinders (14), and the second pressure applying plates (15) are attached to side walls of the rectangular rock sample.
5. The laser rock breaking test system according to claim 4, characterized in that the first pressure applying plate (12), the second pressure applying plate (15) and the experiment table (4) are respectively provided with an electric heating plate (16) in an embedded manner, and the electric heating plate (16) is attached to the outer wall of the rectangular rock sample.
6. A laser rock breaking test system according to claim 5, characterized in that the first pressure applying plate (12), the second pressure applying plate (15) and the experiment table (4) are embedded with pressure sensors (17).
7. The laser rock breaking test system according to claim 2, characterized in that a slide bar (27) is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the experiment cavity (2), a C-shaped seat (18) is fixed on the slide bar (27), a third cylinder (20) is arranged below the slide bar (27), a telescopic shaft of the third cylinder (20) is fixed to the slide bar (27), the third cylinder (20) is used for driving the slide bar (27) to move along the height direction of the experiment cavity (2), a rotating shaft (19) is arranged in the C-shaped seat (18), the rotating shaft (19) is fixedly connected with the C-shaped seat (18), the imaging camera (9) is located in the C-shaped seat (18), the base of the imaging camera (9) is movably arranged on the rotating shaft (19), and an angle adjusting mechanism is arranged on the slide bar (27), the angle adjusting mechanism is located below the imaging camera (9) and used for adjusting the photographing angle of the imaging camera (9).
8. The laser rock breaking test system according to claim 7, wherein the angle adjusting mechanism comprises a base (21), a screw rod (22), a rectangular sliding block (23) and a conical tube (24), the base (21) is fixedly arranged on the slide bar (27), the base (21) is in an L shape, one end of the screw rod (22) is rotatably connected with the base (21), the rectangular sliding block (23) is in threaded connection with the screw rod (22), the rectangular sliding block (23) is in sliding connection with the base (21), the large-diameter end of the conical tube (24) is fixed with one end of the rectangular sliding block (23) far away from the base (21), the outer side wall of the conical tube (24) is in contact with the imaging camera (9), and one end of the base (21) far away from the screw rod (22) is provided with a motor (26), an output shaft of the motor (26) is in transmission connection with one end of the screw rod (22).
9. A laser rock breaking test system according to claim 2, characterized in that the detection device further comprises an infrared imager (25), the infrared imager (25) being adapted to monitor temperature changes of the rectangular rock sample under the laser rock breaking.
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