CN113684728A

CN113684728A - Polyurethane-ballast bed damping system

Info

Publication number: CN113684728A
Application number: CN202110847734.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余成科; 徐鑫; 王平; 吴元炸
Original assignee: Taizhou Dahua Railway Materials Co ltd
Current assignee: Taizhou Dahua Railway Materials Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-27
Filing date: 2021-07-27
Publication date: 2021-11-23
Anticipated expiration: 2041-07-27
Also published as: CN113684728B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of railway equipment, in particular to a polyurethane-ballast bed damping system, which comprises a roadbed, wherein precast blocks made of polyurethane are paved on the roadbed; a cavity is arranged in the precast block, a group of water inlet grooves connected with the cavity are formed in the top surface of the precast block, drainage ditches are respectively arranged on two sides of the roadbed, and drainage pipes communicated with the drainage ditches are arranged at the bottom end of the cavity; the cavity is arranged in the precast block, so that materials are saved, the compression deformation capacity of the precast block is improved, the integral shock absorption effect of the ballast bed is greatly improved, the precast block is quickly and intensively discharged through the drainage structure in rainy days, the condition that the ballast bed is not smooth in drainage due to the fact that the precast block is impervious is reduced, meanwhile, rainwater can be reduced from permeating into the roadbed at the bottom of the ballast bed, the condition that the ballast bed is deformed or frozen and swelled due to high water content of road genes is reduced, and the use effect of the ballast bed is greatly improved.

Description

Polyurethane-ballast bed damping system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of railway equipment, in particular to a polyurethane-ballast bed damping system.

Background

The ballast bed is an important component of the track and is the foundation of the track frame. The ballast bed is usually a ballast bed laid on the underlying surface of the railroad ties. The sleeper supporting device has the main effects of supporting the sleeper, uniformly transmitting the huge pressure on the upper part of the sleeper to a roadbed, fixing the position of the sleeper, preventing the sleeper from longitudinally or transversely moving, greatly reducing the deformation of the roadbed, simultaneously relieving the impact of locomotive wheels on steel rails and facilitating drainage. The traditional railway integral track bed has poor damping effect and brings potential safety hazards to train running; the polyurethane curing ballast bed is a novel track structure between a ballast track and a ballastless track, and has good elasticity of the ballast track and stability and maintenance-free performance of the ballastless track structure.

Some technical solutions related to polyurethane ballast beds also appear in the prior art, such as a chinese patent with patent number 2017205945571, which proposes a polyurethane curing ballast bed. The polyurethane curing ballast bed comprises: the prefabricated polyurethane track bed comprises at least one prefabricated polyurethane block, each prefabricated polyurethane block comprises a railway ballast and polyurethane which is dispersed in a gap of the railway ballast and bonds the railway ballast into a block; and the steel rail is fixedly arranged on each prefabricated polyurethane block. This polyurethane solidification ballast bed with in the environment clean, the factory or the workshop prefabrication of temperature stability form, its construction conditions are convenient, and then make the prefabricated polyurethane piece that obtains have the shape more regular, the more closely knit advantage of structure, lay prefabricated polyurethane piece mutual independence behind the scene, the polyurethane solidification ballast bed's that its formed reliability is high, the durability is good, and makes things convenient for the maintenance among the operation process.

However, a large number of waterproof precast blocks are paved on the ballast bed, so that the ballast bed is not smooth in drainage in heavy rain weather, and meanwhile, the moisture content in the ballast bed is increased when rainwater flows into the ballast bed in a large amount, so that the ballast bed is easily frozen and expanded, and the using effect of the ballast bed is influenced.

Therefore, a polyurethane-ballast-bed damping system has been proposed to address the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to make up for the defects of the prior art and solve the problems that the drainage of the ballast bed is not smooth in heavy rain weather, and the moisture content in the ballast bed is increased when a large amount of rainwater flows into the ballast bed, so that the ballast bed is easy to frost and swell, and the using effect of the ballast bed is influenced, the invention provides the polyurethane-ballast bed damping system.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a polyurethane-railway bed damping system comprises a roadbed, wherein precast blocks made of polyurethane are paved on the roadbed, railway ballast layers are arranged on two sides of each precast block, sleepers are installed at the tops of the precast blocks and the railway ballast layers, and steel rails are connected above the sleepers; a cavity is arranged in the precast block, a group of water inlet grooves connected with the cavity are formed in the top surface of the precast block, drainage ditches are respectively arranged on two sides of the roadbed, and drainage pipes communicated with the drainage ditches are arranged at the bottom end of the cavity; when the roadbed drainage device works, in the prior art, a large number of waterproof precast blocks are laid on the roadbed, so that the roadbed is not smooth in drainage in heavy rain weather, and meanwhile, the moisture content in the roadbed is increased when rainwater flows into the roadbed in a large amount, so that the roadbed is easy to frost and swell, and the using effect of the roadbed is influenced; when the roadbed damping system is used, the cavity is arranged in the precast block, so that materials are saved, and the compression deformation capacity of the precast block is increased, so that the overall damping effect of the roadbed is greatly improved.

Preferably, water receiving cavities are symmetrically formed in the top surface of the precast block, a pressure cavity communicated with the bottom end of the water receiving cavity is formed in the precast block, the other end of the pressure cavity is communicated with the side wall of the water inlet groove, one end, close to the water receiving cavity, of the pressure cavity is connected with a limiting plate made of a filter screen material, one side, far away from the water receiving cavity, of the limiting plate is connected with an expansion block made of a water-swelling water stop bar material, the other end of the expansion block is connected with a piston, one end, far away from the expansion block, of the piston is connected with a push rod, a slide rod is connected in the water inlet groove in a sliding mode, the top end of the slide rod is fixedly connected with a blocking block, two adjacent blocking blocks are connected through a connecting rod, an elastic piece is connected between the slide rod and the inner end of the water inlet groove, and an inclined extrusion surface is formed at the bottom end of the slide rod in the water inlet groove communicated with the pressure cavity; the during operation, when fine day prefabricated section does not need the drainage, the shutoff piece is shutoff at the intake antrum notch under the effect of elastic component this moment, thereby it gets into the intake antrum to reduce rubble impurity on the railway ballast, and lead to the fact the condition of shutoff to it, when rainy day, the rainwater can be through the contact of the expansion piece in water receiving chamber and pressure chamber, make the expansion piece drive the push rod on the piston extrude the holding surface of slide bar bottom when the inflation, thereby make this slide bar can promote interconnect's shutoff piece upward movement, and no longer carry out the shutoff to the intake antrum, thereby make the drainage work of intake antrum can go on smoothly.

Preferably, a funnel-shaped cavity with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part is arranged at the top end of the water inlet groove, an inclined elastic membrane is connected between the blocking block and the top end of the funnel-shaped cavity, and a water inlet hole is formed in the elastic membrane; the during operation, the funnel chamber that sets up can make the rainwater more effectual collect and flow to the intake chamber, when the shutoff piece upward movement, the shutoff piece can drive the effectual opening of the inlet opening on the elastic membrane, thereby make the rainwater discharge through the inlet opening, can drive the one side tilt up that the elastic membrane is close to the shutoff piece during shutoff piece upward movement simultaneously, thereby can be located rubble or impurity jack-up between shutoff piece and the funnel chamber through the elastic membrane, make rubble or impurity can be along elastic membrane landing to the intake chamber outside, when reducing the shutoff piece upward movement, the rubble or impurity that are located between the funnel chamber drop to the condition of intake chamber.

Preferably, the water inlet holes are respectively and rotatably connected with a baffle plate; the during operation, when the shutoff piece carries out the shutoff to the intake chamber, the elastic membrane is close to one side downward sloping of shutoff piece this moment, make the separation blade can carry out the shutoff to the inlet opening, reduce the condition that external sand and soil impurity fell into the intake chamber through the inlet opening, simultaneously when the shutoff piece upward movement, one side tilt up that the elastic membrane is close to the shutoff piece, make the free end of separation blade to the one side rotation of keeping away from the inlet opening, and no longer block the inlet opening, thereby make the inlet opening of opening can carry out effectual discharge with the rainwater.

Preferably, a traction rope is connected between two adjacent blocking pieces, a magnetic block is connected to the bottom end of the funnel-shaped cavity, the blocking piece close to the blocking block is made of a magnetic material, and the free end of the blocking piece can be repelled from the magnetic block when being far away from the blocking block; the during operation, when the plugging block carries out the shutoff to the intake antrum again after the upward movement, if the separation blade free end that is close to the plugging block lies in the elastic membrane of keeping away from on its complex inlet opening, the magnetic block can repel this separation blade this moment, can pull remaining separation blade synchronous reset through the haulage rope when making it rotate to reset to make the separation blade can more effectually carry out the shutoff to the inlet opening after the plugging block resets.

Preferably, a clamping block is fixedly connected to a position of the pressure chamber corresponding to the piston, and a clamping groove clamped with the piston is arranged at a position of the piston corresponding to the clamping block; the during operation, the inflation piece is when exerting pressure to the piston, and the fixture block of mutual block this moment can carry out certain fixed to the piston with the draw-in groove, breaks away from in the twinkling of an eye with the fixture block until the piston drives the draw-in groove under the pressure that the inflation piece increases gradually, and the piston of rapid motion can drive the violent motion of shutoff piece through the slide bar this moment to make the shutoff piece can drive the tunica albuginea and pop out the rubble impurity in the funnel shape chamber, further improved the cleanliness of intake antrum department.

Preferably, a water receiving pipe is embedded in the limiting plate and the middle of the expansion block, a water receiving plate is connected between the outer end of the water receiving pipe and the end part of the pressure cavity, the bottom end of the water receiving pipe is made of a filter screen material, a group of water absorbing blocks are arranged at the top end of the expansion block, and a water conveying strip extending into the bottom end inside the water receiving pipe is connected to the water absorbing blocks; during operation, some rainwater can flow in the water receiving pipe through the water receiving board, and see through water receiving pipe bottom and expansion piece contact reaction, thereby the area of contact of expansion piece and rainwater has been improved greatly, inside some rainwater can flow in the piece of absorbing water through the water delivery strip simultaneously, make the expansion piece can extrude the rainwater in the piece of absorbing water when the inflation, and along the expansion piece top down stream and down, the area of contact of expansion piece and rainwater has further been improved, make the expansion piece can more efficient work when the rainy day.

Preferably, the top of the ballast layer corresponding to one side of the precast block close to each other is symmetrically connected with an arc-shaped guide plate, the bottom end of the guide plate extends into the top surface of the precast block on one side, an inclined partition plate is laid inside the ballast layer corresponding to one side of the precast block far away from each other, and the bottom end of the partition plate extends into the outer edge of the drainage ditch on one side; during operation, the deflector that sets up can be with rainwater drainage to the prefabricated section top on the railway ballast layer between the adjacent prefabricated section to through the drainage structures who sets up on the prefabricated section discharge, the baffle that sets up simultaneously can be with the rainwater drainage of its top railway ballast layer infiltration to the escape canal in, thereby reduce the rainwater to the inside infiltration of road bed, lead to the higher and condition that takes place to warp or frost heaving of way gene moisture content.

Preferably, the cross section of the pressure cavity is circular, the top end of the pressure cavity is connected with a coating layer, two sides of the coating layer are respectively connected with a conveying layer extending into the bottom end of the pressure cavity, and the coating layer and the conveying layer are respectively made of water-absorbing materials; the during operation, the transport layer adsorbs the lubricating oil of pressure chamber bottom and transports to the coating in, and the expansion block can extrude the lubricating oil in the coating when expanding for lubricating oil is along the pressure chamber low current of arc form, thereby can play abundant and comprehensive lubricated effect to the inner wall of pressure chamber, the great condition of resistance when reducing follow-up expansion block and pressure chamber contact extrusion and relative motion, thereby the work that makes the expansion block can be more relaxed going on smoothly.

Preferably, the upper end and the lower end of the pressure cavity are respectively provided with a mounting groove, the outer ends of the two mounting grooves are respectively connected with a partition plate made of a filter screen material, a conveying groove is formed in the expansion block, the conveying layer is mounted in the conveying groove, the coating layer is mounted in the mounting groove at the top end of the pressure cavity, the coating layer is filled with an air bag, and the outer end of the air bag is provided with a protruding part extending out of the outer end of the partition plate; during operation, through installing the conveyer belt respectively with the coating in the mounting groove that conveyer belt and partition panel cut off, reduce the inflation piece and will carry the condition that strip and coating damaged when warping, the inflation piece can extrude the bulge when warping simultaneously for the gasbag can extrude the lubricating oil in the coating after the inflation, and lubricate from top to bottom along the arc lateral wall of pressure chamber, thereby can effectual reduction inflation piece and the pressure chamber between the frictional resistance.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, the cavity is arranged in the precast block, so that materials are saved, the compression deformation capacity of the precast block is increased, the overall shock absorption effect of the track bed is greatly improved, in rainy days, accumulated water at the top of the precast block can flow into the integrally connected cavity through the water inlet groove and is intensively discharged through the water discharge pipe and the water discharge ditch, the condition that the track bed is not smooth in water discharge due to impermeability of the precast block is reduced, meanwhile, the rainwater can be reduced from permeating into the roadbed at the bottom of the track bed, the condition that the track bed is deformed or frozen and swelled due to higher water content of the road genes is reduced, and the use effect of the track bed is greatly improved.

2. When the prefabricated block does not need to drain, the sealing block seals the notch of the water inlet groove under the action of the elastic piece, so that the situation that crushed stone impurities on ballast enter the water inlet groove to seal the water inlet groove is reduced, and in rainy days, rainwater can be in contact with the expansion block in the pressure cavity through the water receiving cavity, so that the expansion block drives the push rod on the piston to extrude the extrusion surface at the bottom end of the slide rod when expanding, and the slide rod can push the mutually connected sealing blocks to move upwards and does not seal the water inlet groove any more, so that the drainage work of the water inlet groove can be smoothly carried out.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of the precast block of the present invention when laid;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a pressure chamber in the second embodiment;

in the figure: the device comprises a roadbed 1, a precast block 2, a ballast layer 3, a sleeper 4, a steel rail 5, a cavity 6, a water inlet groove 7, a drainage ditch 8, a drainage pipe 9, a water receiving cavity 10, a pressure cavity 11, a limiting plate 12, an expansion block 13, a piston 14, a push rod 15, a slide rod 16, a blocking block 17, a connecting rod 18, an elastic part 19, an extrusion surface 20, an elastic membrane 21, a water inlet hole 22, a blocking piece 23, a traction rope 24, a magnetic block 25, a clamping block 26, a water receiving pipe 27, a water receiving plate 28, a water absorbing block 29, a water conveying strip 30, a guide plate 31, a partition plate 32, a coating layer 33, a conveying layer 34, a partition plate 35, an air bag 36 and a protruding part 37.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The first embodiment is as follows:

referring to fig. 1-4, the polyurethane-ballast bed damping system comprises a roadbed 1, precast blocks 2 made of polyurethane are paved on the roadbed 1, ballast layers 3 are arranged on two sides of the precast blocks 2, sleepers 4 are arranged at the tops of the precast blocks 2 and the ballast layers 3, and steel rails 5 are connected above the sleepers 4; a cavity 6 is arranged in the precast block 2, a group of water inlet grooves 7 connected with the cavity 6 are arranged on the top surface of the precast block 2, drainage ditches 8 are respectively arranged on two sides of the roadbed 1, and drainage pipes 9 communicated with the drainage ditches 8 are arranged at the bottom ends of the cavity 6; when the roadbed is in work, in the prior art, a large number of waterproof precast blocks 2 are laid on the roadbed, so that the roadbed is not smooth in drainage in heavy rain weather, and meanwhile, when a large amount of rainwater flows into the roadbed 1, the moisture content in the roadbed 1 is increased, so that the roadbed 1 is easy to frost and swell, and the using effect of the roadbed is influenced; when the roadbed damping system is used, the cavity 6 is arranged in the precast block 2, so that materials are saved, the compression deformation capacity of the precast block 2 is increased, the integral damping effect of the roadbed is greatly improved, in rainy days, accumulated water at the top of the precast block 2 can flow into the cavity 6 which is connected into a whole through the water inlet groove 7 and is intensively discharged through the water discharge pipe 9 and the water discharge ditch 8, the condition that the roadbed is not smooth in water discharge due to impermeability of the precast block 2 is reduced, meanwhile, rainwater can be reduced from permeating into the roadbed 1 at the bottom of the roadbed, the condition that the roadbed 1 is deformed or frozen and swelled due to high water content is reduced, and the using effect of the roadbed is greatly improved.

The top surface of the precast block 2 is symmetrically provided with water receiving cavities 10, the interior of the precast block 2 is provided with a pressure cavity 11 communicated with the bottom end of the water receiving cavity 10, the other end of the pressure cavity 11 is communicated with the side wall of the water inlet groove 7, one end of the pressure cavity 11 close to the water receiving cavity 10 is connected with a limiting plate 12 made of a filter screen material, one side of the limiting plate 12 far away from the water receiving cavity 10 is connected with an expansion block 13 made of a water-swelling water stop bar material, the other end of the expansion block 13 is connected with a piston 14, one end of the piston 14 far away from the expansion block 13 is connected with a push rod 15, a sliding rod 16 is connected in the water inlet tank 7 in a sliding way, the top end of the sliding rod 16 is fixedly connected with a plugging block 17, and two adjacent plugging blocks 17 are connected through a connecting rod 18, an elastic piece 19 is connected between the sliding rod 16 and the inner end of the water inlet groove 7, wherein, the bottom end of a slide bar 16 in the water inlet groove 7 communicated with the pressure cavity 11 is provided with an inclined extrusion surface 20; during operation, when fine day prefabricated section 2 need not the drainage, the shutoff piece 17 shutoff is at intake antrum 7 notch under elastic component 19's effect this moment, thereby it gets into intake antrum 7 to reduce the rubble impurity on the railway ballast, and lead to the fact the condition of shutoff to it, when rainy day, the rainwater can be through the contact of the expansion piece 13 in water receiving chamber 10 and pressure chamber 11, make expansion piece 13 drive push rod 15 on the piston 14 extrude the plane of extrusion 20 of slide bar 16 bottom when the inflation, thereby make this slide bar 16 can promote interconnect's shutoff piece 17 upward movement, and no longer carry out the shutoff to intake antrum 7, thereby make the drainage work of intake antrum 7 go on smoothly.

A funnel-shaped cavity with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part is arranged at the top end of the water inlet groove 7, an inclined elastic membrane 21 is connected between the blocking block 17 and the top end of the funnel-shaped cavity, and a water inlet hole 22 is formed in the elastic membrane 21; the during operation, the funnel chamber that sets up can make the rainwater more effectual collect and flow to intake antrum 7, when blocking piece 17 upward movement, blocking piece 17 can drive the effectual opening of inlet opening 22 on the elastic membrane 21, thereby make the rainwater discharge through inlet opening 22, simultaneously blocking piece 17 upward movement can drive one side tilt up that elastic membrane 21 is close to blocking piece 17, thereby can be located rubble or impurity jack-up between blocking piece 17 and the funnel chamber through elastic membrane 21, make rubble or impurity can be along elastic membrane 21 landing to the intake antrum 7 outside, when reducing blocking piece 17 upward movement, the rubble or impurity that are located between the funnel chamber drop to the condition of intake antrum 7.

The water inlet holes 22 are respectively and rotatably connected with a baffle plate 23; the during operation, when the shutoff piece 17 blocks off the intake antrum 7, the elastic membrane 21 is close to one side downward sloping of shutoff piece 17 this moment, make the separation blade 23 can carry out the shutoff to inlet opening 22, reduce the condition that external sand and soil impurity fell into the intake antrum 7 through inlet opening 22, simultaneously when shutoff piece 17 upwards moves, one side tilt up that elastic membrane 21 is close to shutoff piece 17, make the free end of separation blade 23 rotate to the one side of keeping away from inlet opening 22, and no longer block off inlet opening 22, thereby make the inlet opening 22 of opening carry out effectual discharge with the rainwater.

A traction rope 24 is connected between every two adjacent baffle plates 23, the bottom end of the funnel-shaped cavity is connected with a magnetic block 25, the baffle plate 23 close to the blocking block 17 is made of a magnetic material, and the free end of the baffle plate 23 can be repelled from the magnetic block 25 when being far away from the blocking block 17; the during operation, when the shutoff piece 17 carries out the shutoff to intake antrum 7 again after the upward movement, if the separation blade 23 free end that is close to the shutoff piece 17 is located the elastic membrane 21 of keeping away from on its complex inlet opening 22, this moment magnetic block 25 can repel this separation blade 23, can pull all the other separation blades 23 synchronous resets through haulage rope 24 when making it rotate to reset to make the separation blade 23 can more effectually carry out the shutoff to inlet opening 22 after the shutoff piece 17 resets.

A clamping block 26 is fixedly connected to a position of the pressure chamber 11 corresponding to the piston 14, and a clamping groove clamped with the piston 14 corresponding to the clamping block 26 is arranged at the position of the piston 14 corresponding to the clamping block 26; during operation, when the expansion block 13 exerts pressure on the piston 14, the clamping block 26 and the clamping groove which are clamped mutually at the moment can fix the piston 14 to a certain degree, until the piston 14 drives the clamping groove and the clamping block 26 to be separated from each other instantly under the gradually increased pressure of the expansion block 13, the piston 14 which moves rapidly can drive the blocking block 17 to move violently through the sliding rod 16, so that the blocking block 17 can drive the elastic membrane 21 to pop up crushed stone impurities in the funnel-shaped cavity, and the cleanliness of the notch of the water inlet groove 7 is further improved.

A water receiving pipe 27 is embedded in the middle of the limiting plate 12 and the expansion block 13, a water receiving plate 28 is connected between the outer end of the water receiving pipe 27 and the end of the pressure chamber 11, the bottom end of the water receiving pipe 27 is made of a filter screen material, a group of water absorbing blocks 29 are arranged at the top end of the expansion block 13, and water conveying strips 30 extending into the bottom end of the water receiving pipe 27 are connected to the water absorbing blocks 29; during operation, some rainwater can flow into in the water receiving pipe 27 through water receiving plate 28, and see through water receiving pipe 27 bottom and expansion piece 13 contact reaction, thereby the area of contact of expansion piece 13 with the rainwater has been improved greatly, simultaneously some rainwater can flow into inside the piece 29 that absorbs water through water delivery strip 30, make expansion piece 13 can extrude the rainwater in the piece 29 that absorbs water when the inflation, and along the expansion piece 13 top down stream and down, the area of contact of expansion piece 13 with the rainwater has further been improved, make expansion piece 13 can more efficient work when the rainy day.

The top of the ballast layer 3 corresponding to one side of the precast block 2 close to each other is symmetrically connected with an arc-shaped guide plate 31, the bottom end of the guide plate 31 extends into the top surface of the precast block 2 on one side, an inclined partition plate 32 is laid inside the ballast layer 3 corresponding to one side of the precast block 2 away from each other, and the bottom end of the partition plate 32 extends into the outer edge of the drainage ditch 8 on one side; during operation, the deflector 31 that sets up can be with rainwater drainage to 2 tops of prefabricated section on the railway ballast layer 3 between the adjacent prefabricated section 2 to discharge through the drainage structures who sets up on the prefabricated section 2, the baffle 32 that sets up simultaneously can be with the rainwater drainage of 3 infiltration of its top railway ballast layer to in the escape canal 8, thereby reduce the rainwater to the inside infiltration of road bed 1, lead to the condition that road bed 1 warp or frost heaving because of the moisture content is higher.

The cross section of the pressure chamber 11 is set to be circular, the top end of the pressure chamber 11 is connected with a coating layer 33, two sides of the coating layer 33 are respectively connected with a conveying layer 34 extending into the bottom end of the pressure chamber 11, and the coating layer 33 and the conveying layer 34 are respectively made of water-absorbing materials; during operation, the transportation layer 34 adsorbs the lubricating oil of pressure chamber 11 bottom and transports to the coating 33 in, and the inflation piece 13 can extrude the lubricating oil in the coating 33 when expanding, make lubricating oil along the curved pressure chamber 11 following current and down, thereby can play abundant and comprehensive lubricated effect to the inner wall of pressure chamber 11, reduce follow-up inflation piece 13 and pressure chamber 11 contact extrusion and the great condition of resistance when relative motion, thereby make the work of inflation piece 13 can more relaxed smooth going on.

Example two:

referring to fig. 5, the upper end and the lower end of the pressure chamber 11 are respectively provided with an installation groove, the outer ends of the two installation grooves are respectively connected with a partition plate 35 made of a filter screen material, a conveying groove is formed inside the expansion block 13, the conveying layer 34 is installed inside the conveying groove, the coating layer 33 is installed in the installation groove at the top end of the pressure chamber 11, the coating layer 33 is filled with an air bag 36, and the outer end of the air bag 36 is provided with a protruding portion 37 extending out of the partition plate 35; during operation, through installing the conveyer belt 34 and coating 33 respectively in the mounting groove that conveyer belt and partition panel 35 cut off, reduce the circumstances that inflation piece 13 will carry strip and coating 33 to damage when warping, inflation piece 13 can extrude bulge 37 when warping simultaneously for gasbag 36 can extrude the lubricating oil in the coating 33 after the inflation, and lubricate from top to bottom along the arc lateral wall of pressure chamber 11, thereby can effectual reduction expansion piece 13 and the pressure chamber 11 between the frictional resistance.

The working principle is as follows: the cavity 6 is arranged in the precast block 2, so that materials are saved, the compression deformation capacity of the precast block 2 is increased, and the integral shock absorption effect of the track bed is greatly improved, in rainy days, accumulated water at the top of the precast block 2 can flow into the integrally connected cavity 6 through the water inlet tank 7 and is intensively discharged through the drain pipe 9 and the drain ditch 8, so that the condition that the track bed is unsmooth in drainage due to impermeability of the precast block 2 is reduced, meanwhile, the permeation of rainwater to the roadbed 1 at the bottom of the track bed can be reduced, the condition that the roadbed 1 is deformed or frozen and swelled due to higher moisture content is reduced, and the use effect of the track bed is greatly improved; when the precast block 2 does not need to drain in sunny days, the blocking block 17 blocks the notch of the water inlet groove 7 under the action of the elastic piece 19, so that the situation that crushed stone impurities on ballast enter the water inlet groove 7 to block the water inlet groove is reduced, and in rainy days, rainwater can contact the expansion block 13 in the pressure cavity 11 through the water receiving cavity 10, so that the expansion block 13 drives the push rod 15 on the piston 14 to extrude the extrusion surface 20 at the bottom end of the slide rod 16 when expanding, so that the slide rod 16 can push the mutually connected blocking blocks 17 to move upwards and does not block the water inlet groove 7 any more, and the drainage work of the water inlet groove 7 can be smoothly carried out; the arranged funnel-shaped cavity can enable rainwater to be collected and flow out to the water inlet groove 7 more effectively, when the blocking block 17 moves upwards, the blocking block 17 can drive the water inlet hole 22 on the elastic membrane 21 to be opened effectively, so that rainwater can be discharged through the water inlet hole 22, meanwhile, when the blocking block 17 moves upwards, one side, close to the blocking block 17, of the elastic membrane 21 can be driven to incline upwards, broken stones or impurities between the blocking block 17 and the funnel-shaped cavity can be jacked up through the elastic membrane 21, so that the broken stones or impurities can slide to the outside of the water inlet groove 7 along the elastic membrane 21, and the situation that the broken stones or impurities between the funnel-shaped cavities fall to the water inlet groove 7 when the blocking block 17 moves upwards is reduced; when the water inlet tank 7 is plugged by the plugging block 17, one side of the elastic membrane 21 close to the plugging block 17 is inclined downwards, so that the blocking piece 23 can plug the water inlet hole 22, the condition that external sand and soil impurities fall into the water inlet tank 7 through the water inlet hole 22 is reduced, and meanwhile, when the plugging block 17 moves upwards, one side of the elastic membrane 21 close to the plugging block 17 is inclined upwards, so that the free end of the blocking piece 23 rotates to one side far away from the water inlet hole 22 and does not plug the water inlet hole 22 any more, so that rainwater can be effectively discharged from the opened water inlet hole 22; when the blocking block 17 moves upwards and blocks the water inlet groove 7 again, if the free end of the blocking piece 23 close to the blocking block 17 is positioned on the elastic membrane 21 far away from the matched water inlet hole 22, the magnetic block 25 can repel the blocking piece 23, so that the blocking piece 23 can be rotated and reset and simultaneously can pull the rest blocking pieces 23 to reset synchronously through the traction rope 24, and the blocking piece 23 can more effectively block the water inlet hole 22 after the blocking block 17 resets; when the expansion block 13 applies pressure to the piston 14, the clamping block 26 and the clamping groove which are clamped with each other can fix the piston 14 to a certain degree until the piston 14 drives the clamping groove to be separated from the clamping block 26 instantly under the gradually increased pressure of the expansion block 13, and the piston 14 which moves rapidly can drive the blocking block 17 to move violently through the sliding rod 16, so that the blocking block 17 can drive the elastic membrane 21 to eject crushed stone impurities in the funnel-shaped cavity, and the cleanliness of the notch of the water inlet groove 7 is further improved; a part of rainwater can flow into the water receiving pipe 27 through the water receiving plate 28 and can contact and react with the expansion block 13 through the bottom end of the water receiving pipe 27, so that the contact area between the expansion block 13 and the rainwater is greatly increased, meanwhile, a part of rainwater can flow into the water absorbing block 29 through the water conveying strip 30, so that the expansion block 13 can extrude the rainwater in the water absorbing block 29 during expansion and flow down along the top of the expansion block 13, the contact area between the expansion block 13 and the rainwater is further increased, and the expansion block 13 can work more efficiently in rainy days; the guide plate 31 is arranged to drain rainwater on the ballast layers 3 between the adjacent precast blocks 2 to the tops of the precast blocks 2 and drain the rainwater through the drainage structures arranged on the precast blocks 2, and the partition plate 32 is arranged to drain rainwater permeated into the ballast layers 3 at the tops of the precast blocks into the drainage ditch 8, so that the phenomenon that the roadbed 1 is deformed or frozen and swelled due to high water content caused by the fact that the rainwater permeates into the roadbed 1 is reduced; the conveying layer 34 absorbs and conveys the lubricating oil at the bottom of the pressure cavity 11 to the coating layer 33, and the expansion block 13 can extrude the lubricating oil in the coating layer 33 when expanding, so that the lubricating oil flows downstream along the arc-shaped pressure cavity 11, thereby playing a sufficient and comprehensive lubricating effect on the inner wall of the pressure cavity 11, reducing the situation that the resistance is large when the subsequent expansion block 13 is in contact extrusion with the pressure cavity 11 and moves relatively, and further enabling the expansion block 13 to work more easily and smoothly; through installing the conveyer belt 34 and coating 33 respectively in the mounting groove that conveyer belt and partition panel 35 cut off, reduce the circumstances that inflation piece 13 will carry strip and coating 33 to damage when warping, inflation piece 13 can extrude bulge 37 when warping simultaneously for gasbag 36 can extrude the lubricating oil in coating 33 after the inflation, and lubricate from top to bottom along the arc lateral wall of pressure chamber 11, thereby can effectual reduction expansion piece 13 and the pressure chamber 11 between the frictional resistance.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A polyurethane-ballast bed damping system comprises a roadbed (1), wherein a precast block (2) made of polyurethane is paved on the roadbed (1), ballast layers (3) are arranged on two sides of the precast block (2), sleepers (4) are installed at the tops of the precast block (2) and the ballast layers (3), and steel rails (5) are connected above the sleepers (4); the method is characterized in that: the utility model discloses a road bed, including prefabricated section (2), prefabricated section (2) inside is provided with cavity (6), be provided with intake antrum (7) of a set of connection cavity (6) on prefabricated section (2) top surface, road bed (1) both sides are provided with escape canal (8) respectively, cavity (6) bottom is provided with drain pipe (9) that are linked together with escape canal (8).

2. The polyurethane-ballast-bed damping system of claim 1, wherein: the water receiving cavity (10) is symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the precast block (2), the precast block (2) is internally provided with a pressure cavity (11) communicated with the bottom end of the water receiving cavity (10), the other end of the pressure cavity (11) is communicated with the side wall of the water inlet groove (7), one end of the pressure cavity (11) close to the water receiving cavity (10) is connected with a limiting plate (12) made of a filter screen material, one side, far away from the water receiving cavity (10), of the limiting plate (12) is connected with an expansion block (13) made of a water-swelling water-stop strip material, the other end of the expansion block (13) is connected with a piston (14), one end, far away from the expansion block (13), of the piston (14) is connected with a push rod (15), the inside of the water inlet groove (7) is connected with a slide rod (16) in a sliding manner, the top end of the slide rod (16) is fixedly connected with a blocking block (17), and the two adjacent blocking blocks (17) are connected through a connecting rod (18), an elastic piece (19) is connected between the slide bar (16) and the inner end of the water inlet groove (7), wherein the bottom end of the slide bar (16) in the water inlet groove (7) communicated with the pressure cavity (11) is provided with an inclined extrusion surface (20).

3. The polyurethane-ballast-bed damping system of claim 2, wherein: the water inlet device is characterized in that a funnel-shaped cavity with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part is arranged at the top end of the water inlet groove (7), an inclined elastic membrane (21) is connected between the blocking block (17) and the top end of the funnel-shaped cavity, and a water inlet hole (22) is formed in the elastic membrane (21).

4. The polyurethane-ballast-bed damping system of claim 3, wherein: the water inlet holes (22) are respectively and rotatably connected with a baffle plate (23).

5. The polyurethane-ballast-bed damping system of claim 4, wherein: be connected with haulage rope (24) between two adjacent separation blades (23), the bottom in funnel shape chamber is connected with magnetic block (25), and is close to separation blade (23) of shutoff piece (17) and is made by magnetic material, and can repel mutually with magnetic block (25) when the free end of this separation blade (23) is kept away from shutoff piece (17).

6. The polyurethane-ballast-bed damping system of claim 5, wherein: a clamping block (26) is fixedly connected to the position of the pressure cavity (11) corresponding to the piston (14), and a clamping groove clamped with the piston (14) is arranged at the position of the piston (14) corresponding to the clamping block (26).

7. The polyurethane-ballast-bed cushioning system of claim 6, wherein: limiting plate (12) and expansion piece (13) middle part are inlayed and are installed water receiving pipe (27), be connected with water receiving plate (28) between water receiving pipe (27) outer end and pressure chamber (11) tip, water receiving pipe (27) bottom is made by the filter screen material, expansion piece (13) top is provided with a set of piece (29) that absorb water, it stretches into water delivery strip (30) to the inside bottom of water receiving pipe (27) to be connected with on piece (29) that absorbs water.

8. The polyurethane-ballast-bed cushioning system of claim 7, wherein: the utility model discloses a railway ballast layer (3) top symmetric connection that one side that prefabricated section (2) are close to each other corresponds has curved deflector (31), the bottom of deflector (31) stretches into on prefabricated section (2) top surface of one side, baffle (32) of slope have been laid to the inside railway ballast layer (3) that one side that prefabricated section (2) kept away from each other corresponds, baffle (32) bottom stretches into escape canal (8) outward flange to one side.

9. The polyurethane-ballast-bed cushioning system of claim 8, wherein: the cross-sectional shape of pressure chamber (11) sets to circular form, just the top of pressure chamber (11) is connected with coating (33), the both sides of coating (33) are connected with respectively and stretch into transport layer (34) to pressure chamber (11) bottom, coating (33) and transport layer (34) are made by water-absorbing material respectively.

10. The polyurethane-ballast-bed cushioning system of claim 9, wherein: mounting groove has been seted up respectively at the upper and lower both ends of pressure chamber (11), and two mounting groove outer ends are connected with partition panel (35) of filter screen material respectively, the inside conveyer trough of having seted up of inflation piece (13), carry layer (34) to install inside the conveyer trough, just install in the mounting groove on pressure chamber (11) top in coating (33), just inside packing in coating (33) has gasbag (36), gasbag (36) outer end is provided with bulge (37) that stretch out to partition panel (35) outer end.