CN113684479A - Coating method using electromagnetic stirrer for stirring and alloy vacuum deposition device - Google Patents
Coating method using electromagnetic stirrer for stirring and alloy vacuum deposition device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113684479A CN113684479A CN202010424865.6A CN202010424865A CN113684479A CN 113684479 A CN113684479 A CN 113684479A CN 202010424865 A CN202010424865 A CN 202010424865A CN 113684479 A CN113684479 A CN 113684479A
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- evaporator
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种利用电磁搅拌器搅拌的涂镀方法及合金真空沉积装置，包括以下步骤：1)真空室抽成真空，使蒸发器处于真空环境下；2)预熔锅熔化金属液；3)将金属液输送至蒸发器，形成混合金属溶液；4)电磁搅拌器对蒸发器内的混合金属溶液进行搅拌；5)蒸发器加热，将混合金属溶液蒸发，形成蒸气；6)打开蒸发器上高温阀门；7)喷嘴喷射蒸气至带钢表面，在带钢表面形成镀层。本发明能够方便快捷地实现对基体的涂镀，而且降低能源消耗，减少污染排放，实现节能环保。
The invention discloses a coating method and an alloy vacuum deposition device stirred by an electromagnetic stirrer, comprising the following steps: 1) evacuate the vacuum chamber to make the evaporator in a vacuum environment; 2) melt the molten metal in a pre-melting pot; 3) The metal liquid is transported to the evaporator to form a mixed metal solution; 4) The electromagnetic stirrer stirs the mixed metal solution in the evaporator; 5) The evaporator is heated to evaporate the mixed metal solution to form a vapor; 6) Turn on the evaporation 7) The nozzle sprays steam to the surface of the strip to form a coating on the surface of the strip. The invention can conveniently and quickly realize the coating of the substrate, and also reduces energy consumption, reduces pollution discharge, and realizes energy saving and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a metal strip surface coating technology, in particular to a coating method using an electromagnetic stirrer for stirring and an alloy vacuum deposition device.
Background
With the development of the steel industry, the requirements of the market on coated plates are higher and higher, such as automobile plates and household appliance plates, which not only have good deep drawability, coating property and corrosion resistance, but also have good coating appearance and coating binding force, and thus higher requirements are provided for the coating process. The vacuum deposition technique is a method of directly depositing different materials on the surface of a substrate by gasifying the different materials into atoms and molecules or ionizing the different materials into ions by using various physical methods under a vacuum condition.
The vacuum plating has the advantages of good plating binding force, uniform and compact plating, wide application materials, stable and controllable process and the like. Particularly, compared with electroplating, the method can produce the galvanized sheet with the same quality and can not generate the discharge of toxic and harmful plating solution completely; compared with hot plating, the method can produce a thin coating which can not be produced by hot plating, reduces the cost, and has no problems of zinc ash, zinc slag and the like. Therefore, the vacuum plating has the obvious advantages of high material yield, less environmental pollution and the like, and has the advantages of environmental protection and cost. In the existing vacuum plating method, solid metal has larger randomness in the evaporation process, so that the temperature fluctuation is larger during film plating, and impurities are inevitably generated to seriously affect the quality of a plating layer. In order to avoid the generation of metal impurities due to temperature fluctuation caused by metal melting, a premelting pot is added in front of an evaporator, and meanwhile, molten metal in the evaporator is stirred and mixed, so that the quality of a coating is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a coating method and an alloy vacuum deposition device using an electromagnetic stirrer for stirring, which can conveniently and quickly coat a substrate, reduce energy consumption, reduce pollution emission and realize energy conservation and environmental protection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, a plating method using an electromagnetic stirrer for stirring comprises the following steps:
1) the vacuum chamber is vacuumized, so that the evaporator is in a vacuum environment;
2) melting molten metal in a pre-melting pot;
3) conveying the molten metal to an evaporator to form a mixed metal solution;
4) stirring the mixed metal solution in the evaporator by an electromagnetic stirrer;
5) heating by an evaporator, and evaporating the mixed metal solution to form steam;
6) opening a high-temperature valve on the evaporator;
7) the nozzle sprays steam to the surface of the strip steel to form a coating on the surface of the strip steel.
Preferably, in the step 1), the vacuum degree reaches 10-2～10-4Pa。
Preferably, in the step 2), two premelting pots are provided, and are respectively used for melting and forming the main element molten metal and the additional element molten metal.
Preferably, in the step 3), the two premelting pots are respectively provided with a transfer pump for transferring the main element molten metal and the additional element molten metal to the evaporator.
Preferably, in the step 4), a power supply device with a power frequency of 0.5 to 5Hz is configured on the electromagnetic stirrer, and the period for the electromagnetic stirrer to complete the alternate stirring is that the electromagnetic stirrer rotates forwards for 5 to 10 seconds, stops for 1 to 5 seconds, and then rotates backwards for 5 to 10 seconds.
Preferably, in the step 5), the heating temperature of the evaporator is between 400 and 900 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 7), the thickness of the plating layer is 1 to 10 μm.
On the other hand, the alloy vacuum deposition device stirred by the electromagnetic stirrer comprises a premelting pot, a vacuum chamber and one or more spraying mechanisms arranged in the vacuum chamber, and the device adopts the coating method to realize single-sided plating, double-sided plating or differential thickness plating on the surface of the strip steel.
Preferably, the spraying mechanism comprises an evaporator arranged in the vacuum chamber, a nozzle is arranged at the top of the evaporator, a high-temperature valve is arranged on the nozzle, and an electromagnetic stirrer is arranged at the bottom of the evaporator;
the number of the pre-melting pots is two, the two pre-melting pots are communicated with the evaporator through conveying pipelines, and conveying pumps are arranged on the conveying pipelines.
Preferably, the electromagnetic stirrer comprises a core and a coil, and the coil is connected with the power supply device.
In the technical scheme, the coating method and the alloy vacuum deposition device stirring by using the electromagnetic stirrer provided by the invention can avoid metal impurities generated by temperature fluctuation caused by metal melting, a premelting pot is added in front of an evaporator, molten metal in the evaporator is stirred and mixed, the stirring force can be adjusted by changing the current, the stirring direction can be changed by changing the phase of two-phase current, and therefore, the stirring is convenient and sufficient, the temperature and the alloy are more uniform, and the uniform, compact and good binding force of a coating layer in the vacuum deposition process is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the alloy vacuum deposition method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an alloy vacuum deposition apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the drawings and the embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1, a plating method using an electromagnetic stirrer for stirring provided by the present invention includes the following steps:
1) the strip steel 1 is rolled by a cold rolling mill and then curled, the steel coil realizes the continuous processing of head and tail welding under the action of the preposed equipment of the production line, the strip steel 1 runs along a roller way under the action of the tension of the units before and after the production line, the surface of the strip steel 1 is pre-plated before entering a vacuum chamber 2, the vacuum chamber 2 is vacuumized by a vacuum pump, and an evaporator 5 is enabled to be in a vacuum degree of 10-2～10-4In the environment of Pa;
2) respectively melting zinc ingots (main elements, the purity is more than 90%) and magnesium ingots (additional elements, the purity is more than 90%) in the premelting pots 3 and 4 into molten metal;
3) respectively conveying the molten metal to an evaporator 5 through special corresponding conveying pumps 9 and 10 to form a mixed metal solution, controlling respective flow rates of the conveying pumps 9 and 10, and adjusting the proportion of zinc and magnesium content in the molten metal, wherein the magnesium content in the molten metal is 1-20%, and the rest content is zinc;
4) the electromagnetic stirrer 6 is used for mixing and stirring the mixed metal solution in the evaporator 5;
5) the evaporator 5 continuously heats the mixed metal solution under vacuum (degree of vacuum 10)-2～10-4Pa) heating and stirring the mixed metal solution to evaporate the mixed metal solution evenly to form steam;
6) opening a high-temperature valve 7 on the evaporator 5;
7) the steam is incident on the surface of the strip steel 1 through the nozzle 8 and condensed to form a solid coating (zinc film).
By controlling the opening and closing time of the high-temperature valve 7 and the running speed of the strip steel 1, coatings with different zinc contents and the thickness of 1-10 mu m can be formed on the surface of the strip steel 1. By the proportion of the molten zinc metal and the molten magnesium metal in the premelting pots 3 and 4, the coating with the magnesium content of 1-20% can meet different corrosion prevention requirements.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention further provides an alloy vacuum deposition apparatus using an electromagnetic stirrer for stirring, which includes a vacuum chamber 2 and a spraying mechanism disposed inside the vacuum chamber 2, wherein the one or more spraying mechanisms are disposed to achieve single-sided, double-sided, or differential thickness plating production of the strip steel surface, so as to meet different requirements.
The spraying mechanism comprises an evaporator 5 arranged in the vacuum chamber 2, the top of the evaporator 5 is provided with a nozzle 8, the nozzle 8 is provided with a high-temperature valve 7, and the bottom of the evaporator 5 is provided with an electromagnetic stirrer 6;
still include two premelting pots 3, 4, premelting pots 3, 4 all communicate with evaporimeter 5 through pipeline, all are furnished with delivery pump 9, 10 on the pipeline.
The pre-melting pots 3 and 4 mainly function to convey molten metal to the evaporator 5, the pre-melting pots 3 and 4 are very important devices, certain impurities exist in any metal ingot, and the impurities generated in the melting process of the metal ingot only exist in the pre-melting pots 3 and 4 without affecting the evaporator 5 due to the pre-melting pots 3 and 4. When the molten metal is fed to the evaporator 5, the temperature of the molten metal in the evaporator 5 can be stabilized, which is advantageous for uniformly mixing the components of the molten metal.
The main element metal liquid (zinc) and the additional element metal liquid (magnesium) are respectively conveyed into an evaporator 5 from premelting pots 3 and 4 through conveying pipelines, and are mixed, stirred and evaporated by an electromagnetic stirrer 6. Stirring is a key ring for evaporating mixed molten metal, and aims to ensure that the components of the mixed molten metal are uniformly distributed and the temperature is consistent. When the main element molten metal and the additional element molten metal are fed into the evaporator 5, necessary stirring is performed to uniformly raise the temperature at various places in the evaporator 5, and rapid evaporation is facilitated. The electromagnetic stirring used by the electromagnetic stirrer 6 is non-contact stirring, and metal liquid is mixed to move irregularly under the surrounding of a magnetic field, so that various metal liquids are uniformly mixed. The metal liquid is stirred by the electromagnetic stirrer, so that the metal alloy components can be rapidly and uniformly distributed, the evaporation time is shortened, and the uniformity and the binding force of the metal alloy coating are improved.
The low-frequency power supply device is used for converting 50Hz power frequency electricity into two-phase orthogonal low-frequency power supply, the frequency is determined according to the size of the evaporator 5 and the structure of the electromagnetic stirrer 6 and is generally selected from 0.5-5 Hz. The electromagnetic stirrer 6 is arranged at the bottom of the evaporator 5 and is composed of an iron core and a coil. When low-frequency current is introduced into the coil, a travelling magnetic field is generated, the magnetic field penetrates through the furnace bottom and acts on the mixed metal liquid to generate induced potential and current in the mixed metal liquid, and the induced current acts with the magnetic field to generate electromagnetic force, so that the mixed metal liquid is pushed to directionally flow to play a role in stirring.
The evaporator 5 is the core mechanism of the vacuum deposition apparatus of the present invention, and is installed inside the vacuum chamber 2, and mainly comprises a heating mechanism, an electromagnetic stirrer, a crucible, a cooling pipe, etc., wherein the heating mechanism is composed of an induction coil wound in a spiral shape, the crucible is placed in the middle of the induction coil, and the upper part of the crucible is connected with a nozzle 8. After the induction heating is started, the mixed metal liquid in the crucible is evaporated and sprayed on the strip steel 1 through the nozzle 8, and a uniform coating is formed on the surface of the strip steel 1. The thickness of the coating layer depends on the speed of the strip 1 passing through the evaporator 5, and the amount of evaporation can be adjusted by adjusting the induction heating temperature. When the evaporation capacity is 60 g/(mS) and the running speed of the strip steel 1 is just 1m/S, the material consumption is 60 g/m.
The vacuum chamber 2 is evacuated to a gas pressure of 10-2～10-4Pa. The evaporator 5 then heats the mixed metal liquid under vacuum (10)-2～10-4Pa) is heated until the mixed metal liquid is completely evaporated, and metal atoms are gasified and escaped from the surface to form steam. The vapor pressure of the evaporator 5 is controlled by adjusting the evaporation amount by induction heating temperature. After the high-temperature valve 7 is opened, steam is injected to the surface of the strip steel 1 through the nozzle 8 by a pipeline and is condensed to form a solid film. To prevent condensation of the vapour during the spraying process, both the pipe wall and the nozzle 8 need to be heated and insulated to the melting point of the metal. By adjusting the pressure difference formed by the vapor pressure of the evaporation chamber 5 and the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber 2, the metal vapor can be sprayed onto the surface of the running strip steel 1 at the speed of 300m/s, and is condensed to form a metal film with high density, good strength and wear resistance and strong adhesiveness.
In conclusion, the method can adjust the stirring force by changing the current and change the phase of the two-phase current to change the stirring direction, so that the stirring is convenient and sufficient, the temperature and the alloy composition are more uniform, and the uniform, compact and good binding force of the plating layer in the vacuum deposition process is ensured. The device can conveniently and quickly coat the substrate, reduce energy consumption, reduce pollution emission and realize energy conservation and environmental protection.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not to be used as a limitation of the present invention, and that changes and modifications to the above described embodiments are within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A coating method using an electromagnetic stirrer for stirring is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the vacuum chamber is vacuumized, so that the evaporator is in a vacuum environment;
2) melting molten metal in a pre-melting pot;
3) conveying the molten metal to an evaporator to form a mixed metal solution;
4) stirring the mixed metal solution in the evaporator by an electromagnetic stirrer;
5) heating by an evaporator, and evaporating the mixed metal solution to form steam;
6) opening a high-temperature valve on the evaporator;
7) the nozzle sprays steam to the surface of the strip steel to form a coating on the surface of the strip steel.
2. A plating method using an electromagnetic stirrer for stirring according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1), the vacuum degree reaches 10-2～10-4Pa。
3. A plating method using an electromagnetic stirrer for stirring according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 2), two premelting pots are arranged and are respectively used for melting to form main element molten metal and additional element molten metal.
4. A plating method using an electromagnetic stirrer for stirring according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step 3), the two premelting pots are respectively provided with a transmission pump for respectively transmitting the main element molten metal and the additional element molten metal to the evaporator.
5. A plating method using an electromagnetic stirrer for stirring according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 4), a power supply device with the power frequency of 0.5-5 Hz is configured on the electromagnetic stirrer, and the period of completing the alternate stirring by the electromagnetic stirrer is that the electromagnetic stirrer rotates forwards for 5-10 seconds, stops for 1-5 seconds and rotates backwards for 5-10 seconds.
6. A plating method using an electromagnetic stirrer for stirring according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 5), the heating temperature of the evaporator is 400-900 ℃.
7. A plating method using an electromagnetic stirrer for stirring according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 7), the thickness of the plating layer is 1-10 μm.
8. The utility model provides an alloy vacuum deposition device with electromagnetic stirrer stirring which characterized in that: the device comprises a premelting pot, a vacuum chamber and one or more spraying mechanisms arranged in the vacuum chamber, and the device adopts the coating method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 to realize single-sided coating, double-sided coating or differential thickness coating on the surface of the strip steel.
9. The vacuum deposition apparatus of an alloy stirred by an electromagnetic stirrer according to claim 8, wherein: the spraying mechanism comprises an evaporator arranged in the vacuum chamber, the top of the evaporator is provided with a nozzle, the nozzle is provided with a high-temperature valve, and the bottom of the evaporator is provided with an electromagnetic stirrer;
the number of the pre-melting pots is two, the two pre-melting pots are communicated with the evaporator through conveying pipelines, and conveying pumps are arranged on the conveying pipelines.
10. The vacuum deposition apparatus for an alloy stirred by an electromagnetic stirrer according to claim 9, wherein: the electromagnetic stirrer comprises an iron core and a coil, and the coil is connected with the power supply device.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010424865.6A CN113684479A (en) | 2020-05-19 | 2020-05-19 | Coating method using electromagnetic stirrer for stirring and alloy vacuum deposition device |
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| CN202010424865.6A CN113684479A (en) | 2020-05-19 | 2020-05-19 | Coating method using electromagnetic stirrer for stirring and alloy vacuum deposition device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114231872A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electromagnetic slag removing device |
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| CN109496240A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2019-03-19 | 安赛乐米塔尔公司 | For vacuum-deposited device and method |
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2020
- 2020-05-19 CN CN202010424865.6A patent/CN113684479A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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| CN101855380A (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2010-10-06 | 安赛乐米塔尔法国公司 | Industrial steam generators for depositing alloy coatings on metal strips |
| CN202229617U (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-05-23 | 宁波市鄞州鑫源有色金属铸造厂 | Electromagnetic stirring device for zinc-aluminum alloy smelting furnace |
| CN104942246A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-09-30 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Multidimensional electromagnetic modulating device for electromagnetic stirring of slab crystallizer |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114231872A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electromagnetic slag removing device |
| CN114231872B (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-10-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electromagnetic slag removing device |
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