CN113675711A - Wavelength tunable gain switch pulse fiber laser - Google Patents
Wavelength tunable gain switch pulse fiber laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN113675711A CN113675711A CN202110972975.0A CN202110972975A CN113675711A CN 113675711 A CN113675711 A CN 113675711A CN 202110972975 A CN202110972975 A CN 202110972975A CN 113675711 A CN113675711 A CN 113675711A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06791—Fibre ring lasers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/0941—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/106—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
A wavelength tunable gain switch pulse fiber laser relates to the technical field of laser, and comprises a semiconductor laser, a wavelength division multiplexer, a gain fiber, a wavelength tuning element, a coupler and an isolator; the output tail fiber of the semiconductor laser is connected with the pumping input end of the wavelength division multiplexer, the output end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with one end fiber of the gain fiber, the other end fiber of the gain fiber is connected with the input end fiber of the wavelength tuning element, the output end fiber of the wavelength tuning element is connected with the output end fiber of the coupler, the input end fiber of the coupler is connected with the output end fiber of the isolator, and the input end fiber of the isolator is connected with the signal end fiber of the wavelength division multiplexer. The invention realizes wavelength tuning by changing the radius of the ring formed by the single mode fiber, the multimode fiber and the single mode fiber, and has simple structure and low cost; the filtering tuning element is connected with various optical fiber devices by a fusion welding method, and is convenient and easy to operate and high in reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser, in particular to a wavelength tunable gain switch pulse optical fiber laser.
Background
The wavelength tunable pulse fiber laser has the characteristics of wide wavelength tuning range, good beam quality, small volume, low power consumption, long service life and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of optical fiber sensing, optical communication and the like. The fluorescence emission spectrum of the rare earth doped silicon-based optical fiber is very wide, so that the tunable output of the optical fiber laser in a wider wavelength range can be realized. According to the manufacturing process of the wavelength tunable device, the wavelength tunable device can be divided into external coupling filters such as a volume grating, a volume Bragg grating, a free space interference filter, a prism and the like; and all-fiber filters such as fiber bragg gratings, long-period gratings, fiber fabry-perot filters, Sagnac fiber ring mirrors, and the like. For a wavelength tunable fiber laser using an external coupling filter, a wider wavelength tuning range has been achieved, but an all-fiber structure cannot be achieved using the external coupling filter, and the fiber laser has a large volume, is sensitive to external interference, and has poor reliability. In the all-fiber filter, the filter based on the fiber Bragg grating realizes wavelength tuning by stretching or compressing the fiber, so that the filter is unreliable in long-term operation; the long-period grating filter has the advantages that gratings must be written in the optical fibers, so that the manufacturing cost is increased; the optical fiber Fabry-Perot filter has a good tuning range, but the price is extremely high; and the Sagnac fiber loop mirror has a small tuning range.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a wavelength tunable gain switch pulse fiber laser, which utilizes the multimode interference filtering effect in multimode fiber, enables transverse modes with different propagation constants in the multimode fiber to be imaged in single-mode fiber by changing the radius of a ring formed by a fiber structure, and changes the transmission peak wavelength of a filter by changing the radius of the ring, thereby realizing the tunable broadband of the output wavelength of the fiber laser.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a wavelength tunable gain switch pulse optical fiber laser comprises a semiconductor laser, a wavelength division multiplexer, a gain optical fiber, a wavelength tuning element, a coupler and an isolator; the semiconductor laser outputs pumping laser, the pumping laser is coupled into the gain optical fiber through the wavelength division multiplexer, the gain optical fiber generates gain after being pumped by the laser output by the semiconductor laser, two tunable lasers in opposite directions are emitted, and forward propagating light cannot form laser output due to the fact that the light passing direction of the laser is opposite to that of the isolator; the laser which is reversely propagated is coupled into the isolator through the wavelength division multiplexer, so that the laser is transmitted in the resonant cavity in a single direction; the unidirectional transmission laser enters the coupler to couple a part of tunable laser in the ring-shaped resonant cavity to the outside of the cavity for output, and a part of the tunable laser is coupled back to the ring-shaped cavity again, the wavelength of the laser in the ring-shaped cavity is changed after passing through the wavelength tunable element, gain is generated through the gain fiber, the tunable laser is emitted, and the steps are repeated in a circulating mode.
Preferably, the output pigtail of the semiconductor laser is connected to the pump input end of the wavelength division multiplexer, the output end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected to the one end optical fiber of the gain optical fiber, the other end optical fiber of the gain optical fiber is connected to the input end optical fiber of the wavelength tuning element, the output end optical fiber of the wavelength tuning element is connected to the output end optical fiber of the coupler, the input end optical fiber of the coupler is connected to the output end optical fiber of the isolator, and the input end optical fiber of the isolator is connected to the signal end optical fiber of the wavelength division multiplexer.
Preferably, the device also comprises a semiconductor laser power supply; the semiconductor laser power supply is connected with the semiconductor laser and provides current for the semiconductor laser, and the semiconductor laser power supply outputs pulse current.
Preferably, the wavelength tuning element comprises a fixed clamp, a multimode interference filter element and a movable clamp; the fixed clamp and the movable clamp are respectively arranged at two ends of the multimode interference filter element.
Preferably, the fixing clamp fixes one end of the multi-mode interference filter element, the other end of the multi-mode interference filter element is pulled, and after the radius of the multi-mode interference filter element is changed, the other end of the multi-mode interference filter element is fixed through the movable clamp.
Preferably, the multimode interference filter element comprises a first single-mode fiber, a multimode fiber and a second single-mode fiber, the first single-mode fiber, the multimode fiber and the second single-mode fiber are sequentially connected end to form a single-mode fiber-multimode fiber-single-mode fiber structure, the single-mode fiber-multimode fiber-single-mode fiber structure is coiled into a circular ring, one end of the second single-mode fiber is fixed by a fixing clamp, one end of the first single-mode fiber moves in a movable clamp, and when the first single-mode fiber moves, the radius of the circular ring coiled by the single-mode fiber-multimode fiber-single-mode fiber structure is changed, so that the transmission peak wavelength of the multimode interference filter element moves, and the output wavelength of the fiber laser is tunable.
Preferably, the first single mode fiber and the multimode fiber, and the multimode fiber and the second single mode fiber are connected by fusion.
Preferably, the wavelength tuning range of the tunable laser is related to the doping rare earth ions of the gain fiber.
Preferably, the power ratio of the intracavity/extracavity output is related to the coupling ratio of the coupler.
Preferably, the core diameter of the multimode optical fiber is 30-105 micrometers.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) the wavelength tuning is realized by changing the radius of a ring formed by the single-mode fiber, the multimode fiber and the single-mode fiber, and the fiber bragg grating has a simple structure and low cost; 2) the filtering element with the structure of the single mode fiber, the multimode fiber and the single mode fiber can be connected with various optical fiber devices by a welding method, and is convenient and easy to operate and high in reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wavelength tunable gain switching pulse fiber laser according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-mode interference filter element according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a curve showing the variation of the output wavelength of the wavelength tunable gain switch pulse fiber laser with the bending radius of the multi-mode interference filter element.
In the figure: 1. semiconductor laser, 2, wavelength division multiplexer, 3, gain fiber, 4, wavelength tuning element, 5, coupler, 6, isolator, 7, semiconductor laser power supply, 41, mounting fixture, 42, multimode interference filter element, 43, movable fixture, 421, first single mode fiber, 422, multimode fiber, 423, second single mode fiber.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a wavelength tunable gain switching pulse fiber laser includes a semiconductor laser 1, a wavelength division multiplexer 2, a gain fiber 3, a wavelength tuning element 4, a coupler 5, and an isolator 6; the output tail fiber of the semiconductor laser 1 is connected with the pump input end of the wavelength division multiplexer 2, the output end of the wavelength division multiplexer 2 is connected with one end fiber of the gain fiber 3, the other end fiber of the gain fiber 3 is connected with the input end fiber of the wavelength tuning element 4, the output end fiber of the wavelength tuning element 4 is connected with the output end fiber of the coupler 5, the input end fiber of the coupler 5 is connected with the output end fiber of the isolator 6, and the input end fiber of the isolator 6 is connected with the signal end fiber of the wavelength division multiplexer 2.
Wherein, also include the power 7 of the semiconductor laser; the semiconductor laser power supply 7 is connected to the semiconductor laser 1 to supply a current to the semiconductor laser 1, and the semiconductor laser power supply 7 outputs a pulse current.
The semiconductor laser 1 outputs pump laser with the wavelength of 980nm, the pump laser output by the semiconductor laser 1 is coupled into the gain fiber 3 through the wavelength division multiplexer 2, the gain fiber 3 generates gain after being pumped by the 980nm laser, so that tunable laser can be emitted, the wavelength of the tunable laser is determined by the wavelength tuning element 4, and the wavelength tuning range of the tunable laser is related to the doped rare earth ions of the gain fiber 3: the wavelength tuning of 1.03-1.09 microns can be realized by doping ytterbium ions, the wavelength tuning of 1.53-1.61 microns can be realized by doping erbium ions, and the like. The isolator 6 is used for ensuring unidirectional transmission of laser in the resonant cavity and avoiding space burning-out. The coupler 5 couples a portion of the tunable laser in the ring cavity to the extra-cavity output and a portion back into the ring cavity, the power ratio of the intra/extra-cavity output being related to the coupling ratio of the coupler 5, e.g., 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 50:50, etc. The tunable laser is transmitted counterclockwise in the ring cavity shown in fig. 1; the 980nm pump laser generated by the semiconductor laser 1 is transmitted clockwise in the ring cavity and absorbed by the gain fiber 3. Since the output tunable laser and the 980nm pump laser output by the semiconductor laser 1 are transmitted in opposite directions, fig. 1 shows a reverse pumping method, but the pumping structure of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the wavelength tuning element 4 of the present invention is also applicable to forward pumping and bidirectional pumping.
As shown in fig. 2, the wavelength tuning element 4 includes a fixed clamp 41, a multimode interference filter element 42, and a movable clamp 43; the fixing jig 41 and the movable jig 43 are respectively provided at both ends of the multimode interference filter element 42.
The fixing jig 41 fixes one end of the multi-mode interference filter element 42, pulls the other end of the multi-mode interference filter element 42, and fixes the other end of the multi-mode interference filter element 42 by the movable jig 43 after changing the radius of the multi-mode interference filter element 42.
The multimode interference filter element 42 comprises a first single-mode fiber 421, a multimode fiber 422 and a second single-mode fiber 423, wherein the first single-mode fiber 421, the multimode fiber 422 and the second single-mode fiber 423 are sequentially connected end to form a single-mode fiber-multimode fiber-single-mode fiber structure, the single-mode fiber-multimode fiber-single-mode fiber structure is coiled into a circular ring, one end of the second single-mode fiber 423 is fixed by a fixing clamp 41, one end of the first single-mode fiber 421 moves in a movable clamp 43, and when the first single-mode fiber 423 moves, the radius of the circular ring coiled by the single-mode fiber-multimode fiber-single-mode fiber structure is changed, so that the transmission peak wavelength of the multimode interference filter element 42 moves, and the output wavelength of the fiber laser is tunable. The core diameter of the multimode optical fiber 422 may be 30 to 105 μm.
Wherein the first single mode fiber 421 and the multi-mode fiber 422, and the multi-mode fiber 422 and the second single mode fiber 423 are connected by fusion.
As shown in fig. 3, the output wavelength of the tunable gain switch pulse fiber laser follows the curve of the curve radius of the multimode interference filter element 42, at this time, the core diameter of the multimode fiber 422 is 50 microns, the gain fiber 3 is an erbium-doped fiber, and the wavelength tuning range is 1569nm to 1602 nm. When the bending radius of the multimode interference filter element 42 is 1.1mm, the output wavelength of the tunable laser is 1569 nm; when the bending radius of the multimode interference filter element 42 is 5.6mm, the output wavelength of the tunable laser is 1602 nm. Fig. 3 is only an example of the present invention, and different tuning ranges can be achieved by changing the bending radii of the gain fiber 3, the multimode fiber 422, and the multimode interference filter element 42.
Claims (10)
1. A wavelength tunable gain switch pulse optical fiber laser is characterized in that the laser comprises a semiconductor laser, a wavelength division multiplexer, a gain optical fiber, a wavelength tuning element, a coupler and an isolator; the semiconductor laser outputs pumping laser, the pumping laser is coupled into the gain optical fiber through the wavelength division multiplexer, the gain optical fiber generates gain after being pumped by the laser output by the semiconductor laser, two tunable lasers in opposite directions are emitted, and forward propagating light cannot form laser output due to the fact that the light passing direction of the laser is opposite to that of the isolator; the laser which is reversely propagated is coupled into the isolator through the wavelength division multiplexer, so that the laser is transmitted in the resonant cavity in a single direction; the unidirectional transmission laser enters the coupler to couple a part of tunable laser in the ring-shaped resonant cavity to the outside of the cavity for output, and a part of the tunable laser is coupled back to the ring-shaped cavity again, the wavelength of the laser in the ring-shaped cavity is changed after passing through the wavelength tunable element, gain is generated through the gain fiber, the tunable laser is emitted, and the steps are repeated in a circulating mode.
2. A wavelength tunable gain switch pulse optical fiber laser as claimed in claim 1, wherein the output pigtail of the semiconductor laser is connected to the pump input end of the wavelength division multiplexer, the output end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected to one end optical fiber of the gain optical fiber, the other end optical fiber of the gain optical fiber is connected to the input end optical fiber of the wavelength tuning element, the output end optical fiber of the wavelength tuning element is connected to the output end optical fiber of the coupler, the input end optical fiber of the coupler is connected to the output end optical fiber of the isolator, and the input end optical fiber of the isolator is connected to the signal end optical fiber of the wavelength division multiplexer.
3. A wavelength tunable gain switched pulse fiber laser according to claim 1, further comprising a semiconductor laser power supply; the semiconductor laser power supply is connected with the semiconductor laser and provides current for the semiconductor laser, and the semiconductor laser power supply outputs pulse current.
4. A wavelength tunable gain switched pulse fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein the wavelength tuning element comprises a fixed clamp, a multimode interference filter element and a movable clamp; the fixed clamp and the movable clamp are respectively arranged at two ends of the multimode interference filter element.
5. A wavelength tunable gain switching pulse fiber laser according to claim 4, wherein the fixing clamp fixes one end of the multi-mode interference filter element, pulls the other end of the multi-mode interference filter element, changes the radius of the multi-mode interference filter element, and then fixes the other end of the multi-mode interference filter element through the movable clamp.
6. A wavelength tunable gain switched pulse fiber laser according to claim 4, wherein the multimode interference filter element comprises a first single mode fiber, a multimode fiber, and a second single mode fiber, the first single-mode fiber, the multimode fiber and the second single-mode fiber are sequentially connected end to form a single-mode fiber-multimode fiber-single-mode fiber structure, the single mode fiber-multimode fiber-single mode fiber structure is coiled into a circular ring, one end of the second single mode fiber is fixed by a fixed clamp, one end of the first single mode fiber moves in a movable clamp, when the first single-mode fiber moves, the radius of a circular ring wound by the single-mode fiber-multimode fiber-single-mode fiber structure is changed, so that the transmission peak wavelength of the multimode interference filter element moves, and the output wavelength of the fiber laser can be tuned.
7. A wavelength tunable gain switched pulse fiber laser according to claim 6, wherein said first single mode fiber and said multimode fiber and said second single mode fiber are connected by fusion splicing.
8. A wavelength tunable gain switched pulse fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein the wavelength tuning range of the tunable laser is related to the rare earth ion doping of the gain fiber.
9. A wavelength tunable gain switched pulse fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein the power ratio of the intracavity/extracavity output is related to the coupling ratio of the coupler.
10. The wavelength tunable gain switching pulse fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein the core diameter of the multimode fiber is 30-105 μm.
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Application publication date: 20211119 |