CN113674879B - Lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device and method - Google Patents
Lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113674879B CN113674879B CN202110816036.7A CN202110816036A CN113674879B CN 113674879 B CN113674879 B CN 113674879B CN 202110816036 A CN202110816036 A CN 202110816036A CN 113674879 B CN113674879 B CN 113674879B
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- 229910001152 Bi alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 249
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 211
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 211
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/28—Selection of specific coolants ; Additions to the reactor coolants, e.g. against moderator corrosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of nuclear power equipment devices, and particularly discloses a lead-bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device and a method, wherein the filling device comprises a lead-bismuth transportation unit, a melting filling unit, a gas control unit and a filtering unit; the lead bismuth transporting unit is positioned above the melting and filling unit and is used for transporting the lead bismuth alloy blocks to be melted and filled into the melting and filling unit; the gas control units are positioned at two sides of the upper part of the melting and filling unit, are in through connection with the melting and filling unit and are used for providing inert gas for the melting and filling unit and adjusting the pressure in the melting and filling unit; the filtering unit is positioned at the lower part of the melting and filling unit, is fixedly connected with the melting and filling unit and is used for filtering impurities in the lead-bismuth alloy coolant. The filling device has simple structure and high melting efficiency, and can effectively control the melting time of the lead-bismuth alloy blocks in the tank and improve the purity of the lead-bismuth alloy coolant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nuclear power equipment devices, and particularly relates to a lead-bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device and method.
Background
In the operation process of the lead bismuth fast stacking device and the large-scale lead bismuth coolant experiment loop device, the melting and filling of the lead bismuth alloy are very critical steps.
Since the density and melting point of the Pb-Bi alloy are high relative to that of the metal sodium, when the required amount thereof is large, such as a large circuit (small Pb-Bi nuclear power plant, large experimental circuit, etc.), the volume of the required Pb-Bi alloy is about 18-50m 3 Transportation and melting of the lead bismuth alloy can be difficult.
Since the lead bismuth alloy is a non-transparent substance, it is difficult to determine the melting time of the lead bismuth alloy pieces in the can. In addition, before the lead-bismuth alloy coolant is injected into the loop system, impurities in the lead-bismuth alloy coolant are filtered.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a lead bismuth alloy coolant filling device that can effectively solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a filling device and a filling method for a lead-bismuth alloy reactor coolant, wherein the filling device is simple in structure and high in melting efficiency, and can effectively control the melting time of a lead-bismuth alloy block in a tank and improve the purity of the lead-bismuth alloy coolant.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention comprises the following steps:
the filling device is positioned at a pool type reactor top detachable part of the lead-bismuth alloy reactor device and is fixedly connected with the pool type reactor top detachable part; the filling device comprises a lead-bismuth transportation unit, a melting filling unit, a gas control unit and a filtering unit; the lead bismuth transporting unit is positioned above the melting and filling unit and is used for transporting the lead bismuth alloy blocks to be melted and filled into the melting and filling unit; the gas control units are positioned at two sides of the upper part of the melting and filling unit, are in through connection with the melting and filling unit and are used for providing inert gas for the melting and filling unit and adjusting the pressure in the melting and filling unit; the filtering unit is positioned at the lower part of the melting and filling unit, is fixedly connected with the melting and filling unit and is used for filtering impurities in the lead-bismuth alloy coolant.
Further, the melting and filling unit comprises a lead-bismuth alloy melting tank, an injection tank and an electric heating element, wherein the electric heating element is arranged at the bottom of the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank and is used for heating and melting lead-bismuth alloy blocks; the injection tank is positioned below the lead bismuth alloy melting tank and is used for containing the liquid lead bismuth alloy after the lead bismuth alloy melting tank is melted and filtered.
Further, the lead bismuth alloy melting tank comprises a preheating section and a heating melting section, wherein the preheating section is positioned above the heating melting section and is in through connection with the heating melting section; the preheating section is used for storing and preheating the solid lead-bismuth alloy blocks, and the heating and melting section is a high-power heating section and is used for melting the lead-bismuth alloy blocks.
Further, the lead bismuth alloy melting tank is of a structure that the diameter of the tank body is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the volume of the heating melting section is smaller than that of the preheating section.
Further, a plurality of baffle structures are arranged in the preheating section of the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank, and the baffle structures are fixedly connected in the preheating section of the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank and used for prolonging the storage time of the lead-bismuth alloy blocks in the preheating section.
Further, the lead bismuth transporting unit comprises a lead bismuth block transporting belt, and the lead bismuth block transporting belt is positioned above the lead bismuth alloy melting tank and is used for transporting the lead bismuth alloy blocks to be melted and filled into the lead bismuth alloy melting tank.
Further, the gas control unit comprises an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are positioned at two sides of the preheating section of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank, and the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are all in through connection with the lead bismuth alloy melting tank.
Further, the intake pipe is provided at a position lower than the exhaust pipe.
Further, the inert gas is nitrogen.
Further, the filter unit comprises a three-stage filter layer, a two-stage filter layer and a one-stage filter layer; the first-stage filter layer is positioned at the middle lower part of the inner side of the heating melting section of the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank and is fixedly connected with the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank; the secondary filter layer is positioned at the bottom of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank and is fixedly connected with the lead bismuth alloy melting tank; the third-level filter layer is positioned at the coolant outlet of the injection tank and sleeved on the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank, and the third-level filter layer is fixedly connected with the injection tank and the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank respectively.
Further, the primary filter layer is used for filtering large unmelted lead-bismuth alloy blocks and large impurities, and the pore diameter of the filter screen is 3mm-10mm.
Further, the secondary filtering layer is used for filtering larger oxide impurities in liquid lead bismuth, and the pore diameter of the filtering screen is in the range of 0.5mm-2mm.
Further, the three-stage filter layer is used for filtering fine-particle-size oxide particles and impurities in the liquid lead-bismuth coolant injected into the tank, and the pore diameter of the filter screen is in the range of 100-500 mu m.
Further, the materials of the primary filter layer and the secondary filter layer are structural stainless steel which is the same as the structural material of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank.
Further, the three-stage filter layer is made of high-temperature glass fibers and graphite fibers.
A lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, transmitting a lead bismuth alloy block to a melting and filling unit through a lead bismuth transportation unit;
step 2, inert gas is provided for the melting and filling unit through the gas control unit, and the pressure in the melting and filling unit is regulated;
step 3, melting the lead-bismuth alloy blocks into liquid lead-bismuth alloy through a melting and filling unit;
step 4, filtering impurities in the lead-bismuth alloy coolant through a filtering unit;
and 5, injecting a lead-bismuth alloy coolant into the reactor loop.
Further, the step 1 specifically includes: and placing the lead-bismuth alloy blocks to be melted and filled on a lead-bismuth block conveying belt, and conveying the lead-bismuth alloy blocks to a lead-bismuth alloy melting tank of a melting and filling unit through the lead-bismuth block conveying belt.
Further, the step 2 specifically includes: inert gas nitrogen is provided for the lead bismuth alloy melting tank of the melting and filling unit through an air inlet pipe of the gas control unit; the pressure in the lead bismuth alloy melting tank of the melting and filling unit is regulated by regulating the gas flow in the gas inlet pipe and the gas outlet pipe of the gas control unit.
Further, the step 3 specifically includes: the lead-bismuth alloy blocks in the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank are heated and melted by an electric heating element in the melting and filling unit, so that the lead-bismuth alloy blocks are melted into liquid lead-bismuth alloy.
Further, the step 4 specifically includes: filtering large unmelted lead bismuth alloy blocks and large impurities through a first-stage filter layer; filtering larger oxide impurities in the liquid lead bismuth through a secondary filtering layer; fine-sized oxide particles and impurities in the liquid lead bismuth coolant injected into the tank are filtered by three stages of filter layers.
Further, the step 5 specifically includes: the pressure head is provided by the height difference in the lead bismuth alloy melting tank of the melting and filling unit and the gas control unit, and the lead bismuth alloy coolant enters the reactor loop after passing through the three-stage filter layer, the two-stage filter layer and the first-stage filter layer of the filter unit.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device provided by the invention, the air inlet pipe is arranged at the lower position of the exhaust pipe, nitrogen gas floats upwards by means of dead weight in the preheating section of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank, heat of the heating melting section of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank is brought to the upper part of the preheating section to preheat solid lead bismuth alloy blocks in the floating flow process of the nitrogen gas, oxygen in the lead bismuth alloy melting tank is purged in the floating flow process of the nitrogen gas, oxidation of liquid lead bismuth alloy in the melting and adding process is reduced, so that generation of oxide impurities is reduced, and purity of the lead bismuth alloy coolant is effectively improved.
2. According to the lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device provided by the invention, the whole structure of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank is set to be a structure that the diameter of the tank body gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the volume of the heating melting section is set to be smaller than that of the preheating section, so that the melting efficiency of the lead bismuth metal block in the lead bismuth alloy melting tank is effectively improved.
3. According to the lead-bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device provided by the invention, the lead-bismuth alloy is separated according to volume through the filtering unit, and impurities in the coolant are filtered out, so that the purity degree of the coolant in the filling loop is ensured.
4. According to the lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device provided by the invention, the pressure head is provided for the lead bismuth alloy coolant through the height level difference of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank and the gas control unit, and when the liquid level of the liquid lead bismuth alloy is higher than the height of the filling tank, the reactor can be automatically filled with the coolant.
5. The lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device provided by the invention has simple results, and the melting amount and the filling amount of the lead bismuth alloy are controlled by adjusting the speed of the lead bismuth block conveying belt, the input amount of the lead bismuth alloy block, the pressure of gas in the lead bismuth alloy melting tank and the electric heating power of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank, so that the lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device is reliable, efficient and convenient to maintain and replace.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device provided by the invention;
in the figure: 1. a lead bismuth alloy block; 2. a lead bismuth block conveyor belt; 3. an air inlet pipe; 4. a third-stage filter layer; 5. a secondary filter layer; 6. a first-stage filter layer; 7. a pool top removable portion; 8. a lead bismuth alloy melting tank; 9. an exhaust pipe; 10. a barrier structure; 11. injecting into a tank;
region a is the high power heating section, the melt-fill portion.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a coolant filling device for a lead-bismuth alloy reactor, which is used for melting and filtering a large amount of lead-bismuth alloy and then filling the molten lead-bismuth alloy into a loop. The filling device is positioned at the pool type reactor top detachable part 7 of the lead bismuth reactor device and is fixedly connected with the pool type reactor top detachable part 7, thereby being convenient for maintenance and replacement. The filling device comprises a lead-bismuth transportation unit, a gas control unit, a melting filling unit and a filtering unit; wherein the lead bismuth transporting unit comprises a lead bismuth block conveying belt 2; the melting and filling unit comprises a lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8, a filling tank 11 and an electric heating element; the gas control unit comprises an air inlet pipe 3 and an air outlet pipe 9; the filter unit comprises a three-stage filter layer 4, a two-stage filter layer 5 and a one-stage filter layer 6.
The lead bismuth transporting unit comprises a lead bismuth block transporting belt 2, wherein the lead bismuth block transporting belt 2 is positioned above the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8 and is used for transporting the lead bismuth alloy blocks 1 needing to be melted and filled into the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8.
The melt-charging unit includes a lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8, a charging tank 11, and an electric heating element. The overall structure of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8 is a structure that the diameter of the tank body gradually decreases from top to bottom, the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8 comprises a preheating section and a heating melting section, the preheating section is positioned above the heating melting section, and the preheating section is in through connection with the heating melting section. The upper preheating section is mainly used for storing the solid lead-bismuth alloy blocks 1, adding inert gas nitrogen into the solid lead-bismuth alloy blocks 1 through the gas control unit, primarily preheating the lead-bismuth alloy blocks 1, and primarily purging oxygen in the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank 8; the lower heating and melting section is a high-power heating section and is mainly used for melting the lead bismuth alloy blocks 1, and because the heating and melting section is used for melting a large number of lead bismuth alloy blocks 1, the time consumption is too long and the required power is too high, the volume of the heating and melting section is set to be smaller than that of the preheating section, and the melting efficiency of the lead bismuth metal blocks in the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8 is effectively improved.
A plurality of baffle structures 10 are arranged in the preheating section of the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank 8, and the baffle structures 10 are fixedly connected in the preheating section of the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank 8 and used for prolonging the storage time of the lead-bismuth alloy blocks 1 in the preheating section and effectively prolonging the preheating time of the lead-bismuth alloy blocks 1 in a high-temperature inert gas environment in the preheating section.
The electric heating element is arranged at the bottom of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8 and is used for heating and melting the lead bismuth alloy blocks 1.
The injection tank 11 is located below the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8 for containing the liquid lead bismuth alloy after the filtration by the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8.
The working medium in the melting and filling part of the area A in fig. 1 adopts liquid lead bismuth alloy, and a heat source is an electric heating element when in first filling, and then the working medium can be heated by utilizing the combination of nuclear fission energy and the electric heating element.
After the lead-bismuth alloy 1 to be melted and filled enters the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank 8, the lead-bismuth alloy is preheated in the process of falling into the bottom of the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank 8 under the action of the baffle structure 10. The lead bismuth alloy block 1 entering the bottom is gradually melted by heating of an electric heating element, and finally is injected into a loop through a filtering unit under the action of air pressure and the difference of the height of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8 on the structure.
The gas control unit comprises an inlet pipe 3 and an outlet pipe 9. The air inlet pipe 3 and the air outlet pipe 9 are positioned at two sides of the preheating section of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8, and the air inlet pipe 3 is arranged at a position lower than the air outlet pipe 9, in the embodiment, the air inlet pipe 3 is positioned at the bottom of the preheating section of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8, and the air outlet pipe 9 is positioned at the top of the preheating section of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8. The inlet of the air inlet pipe 3 is connected with an air transmission system, the outlet of the air outlet pipe 9 is connected with an air extraction system, the outlet of the air inlet pipe 3 and the inlet of the air outlet pipe 9 are respectively and fixedly connected with the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8, and the air inlet pipe 3 and the air outlet pipe 9 are both in through connection with the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8.
The gas input in the gas transmission system is inert gas nitrogen, the chemical property of the nitrogen is inactive, the nitrogen is safer under the irradiation condition of the reactor, and the weight of the nitrogen is slightly lighter than that of air. Through locating the lower position of blast pipe 9 with intake pipe 3 for nitrogen gas gets into the preheating section of plumbous bismuth alloy melting tank 8 from lower intake pipe 3, and nitrogen gas relies on dead weight to float to higher blast pipe 9 department, and nitrogen gas is in the preheating section lift-up process above plumbous bismuth alloy melting tank 8 with the heat of the heating melting section below plumbous bismuth alloy melting tank 8 to preheating section top preheat solid plumbous bismuth alloy piece 1. In addition, oxygen is introduced into the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank 8 during the filling of the solid lead-bismuth alloy block 1, and the oxygen can lead to the liquid lead-bismuth alloyIs increased by more than 10 -6 A large amount of oxide impurities can be generated, the inlet pipe 3 is arranged at the lower position of the exhaust pipe 9, so that the nitrogen input direction is set to be a flowing process from bottom to top, the system can be assisted to carry out preliminary purging on oxygen, and oxidation of liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the melting and adding process is reduced, so that the generation of the oxide impurities is effectively reduced.
The filtering unit comprises a three-stage filtering layer 4, a two-stage filtering layer 5 and a one-stage filtering layer 6, and is used for separating the lead-bismuth alloy by volume and filtering out impurities in the coolant at the same time so as to ensure the purity degree of the coolant in the injection loop.
The first-stage filter layer 6 is positioned at the middle lower part of the inner side of the heating melting section of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8, and the first-stage filter layer 6 is fixedly connected with the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8 through welding. The first-stage filter layer 6 is a baffle plate with holes and is used for blocking large unmelted lead-bismuth alloy blocks 1 and large impurities on the baffle plate in the heating and melting section and continuously heating the unmelted lead-bismuth alloy blocks 1. The pore diameter of the filter screen is specifically determined by the size of the lead-bismuth alloy block, and the pore diameter range of the filter screen can be 3mm-10mm.
The secondary filter layer 5 is positioned at the bottom of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8, and the secondary filter layer 5 is fixedly connected with the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8 through a supporting structure welded on the inner wall of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8. The secondary filter layer 5 is used for filtering larger oxide impurities in the liquid lead bismuth, and the pore diameter of a filter screen can be in the range of 0.5mm-2mm.
The tertiary filter layer 4 is located the coolant outlet of injection tank 11 and overlaps and locate on the plumbous bismuth alloy melting tank 8, and tertiary filter layer 4 and injection tank 11 are through the bearing structure fixed connection who welds on injection tank 11 inner wall, and tertiary filter layer 4 and plumbous bismuth alloy melting tank 8 are through the bearing structure fixed connection who welds on plumbous bismuth alloy melting tank 8 outer wall. The tertiary filter layer 4 is used to filter out fine-sized oxide particles and impurities in the liquid lead bismuth coolant injected into the tank 11, ensuring the purity of the lead bismuth coolant entering the circuit. The pore size of the filter screen can be determined by the spacing of the bundles in the reactor core and other parts of the reactor device, the flow requirements of the positioning grid plates and the properties of the filter system of the reactor system, and the pore size of the filter screen can be 100-500 mu m.
The materials of the primary filter layer 6 and the secondary filter layer 5 may be structural stainless steel which is the same as the structural material of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8. The material of the tertiary filter layer 4 may be high temperature glass fibers, graphite fibers, or the like.
A lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, the lead bismuth alloy block 1 is transported to a melting and filling unit through a lead bismuth transporting unit
The lead bismuth alloy block 1 to be melted and filled is placed on the lead bismuth block conveyer belt 2, and is conveyed to a lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8 of a melting and filling unit through the lead bismuth block conveyer belt 2.
Step 2, inert gas is provided for the melting and filling unit through the gas control unit, and the pressure in the melting and filling unit is regulated
The lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8 of the melting and filling unit is provided with inert gas nitrogen through the gas inlet pipe 3 of the gas control unit. The air inflow and the air outflow of the gas control unit are controlled by adjusting the gas flow in the air inlet pipe 3 and the air outlet pipe 9 of the gas control unit, the pressure in the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank 8 is adjusted, the lead-bismuth alloy is ensured to have enough time to be melted into lead-bismuth coolant and the oxygen activity in the lead-bismuth coolant is ensured, and the oxygen activity is maintained at 10 -6 -10 -7 Between them.
If the cooling agent is required to be filled into the reactor, the exhaust pipe 9 can be closed, the air inlet pipe 3 can be opened to pressurize the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank 8, and the lead-bismuth alloy cooling agent is extruded out of the melting and filling unit to enter the reactor system.
Step 3, melting the lead-bismuth alloy block (1) into liquid lead-bismuth alloy through a melting and filling unit
The lead bismuth alloy block (1) in the lead bismuth alloy melting tank (8) is heated and melted by an electric heating element in the melting and filling unit, and the lead bismuth alloy block (1) is melted into liquid lead bismuth alloy.
The electric heating element can be a heating rod or a heating wire, and the power and the melting time of the lead-bismuth alloy are determined by the specific design size of the device and the specific shape of the lead-bismuth alloy block.
Step 4, filtering impurities in the lead-bismuth alloy coolant through a filtering unit
Filtering large unmelted lead-bismuth alloy blocks 1 and large impurities through a first-stage filter layer 6, and blocking the large unmelted lead-bismuth alloy blocks 1 and the large impurities on a baffle plate of the first-stage filter layer 6 in the heating melting section; filtering larger oxide impurities in the liquid lead bismuth through the secondary filtering layer 5; fine-sized oxide particles and impurities in the liquid lead bismuth coolant injected into the tank 11 are filtered by the three-stage filter layer 4, ensuring the purity of the lead bismuth coolant entering the circuit.
Step 5, injecting lead bismuth alloy coolant into the reactor loop
The pressure head is provided by the height difference in the lead bismuth alloy melting tank 8 of the melting and filling unit and the gas control unit, and the lead bismuth alloy coolant enters the reactor loop after passing through the three-stage filter layer 4, the two-stage filter layer 5 and the first-stage filter layer 6 of the filter unit. The reactor may be automatically coolant-filled when the liquid lead bismuth alloy level of the molten part is higher than the level of the injection tank 11.
The whole process of filling the lead-bismuth alloy reactor coolant can control the melting rate and the injection amount of the lead-bismuth alloy by adjusting the speed of the lead-bismuth block conveyor belt 2, the input amount of the lead-bismuth alloy block 1, the pressure of the gas in the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank 8 and the electric heating power of the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank 8. The melting time of the lead-bismuth alloy can be controlled by controlling the injection amount and heating power of the lead-bismuth alloy coolant.
When the lead-bismuth coolant is injected again, the gas control unit can be used for pumping, and a part of the molten lead-bismuth coolant is sucked into the lower part of the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank to accelerate the melting rate of the lead-bismuth alloy.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.
Claims (20)
1. The lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device is characterized in that the filling device is positioned at a pool type reactor top detachable part (7) of the lead bismuth alloy reactor device and is fixedly connected with the pool type reactor top detachable part (7); the filling device comprises a lead-bismuth transportation unit, a melting filling unit, a gas control unit and a filtering unit; the lead bismuth transporting unit is positioned above the melting and filling unit and is used for transporting the lead bismuth alloy blocks (1) to be melted and filled into the melting and filling unit; the gas control units are positioned at two sides of the upper part of the melting and filling unit, are in through connection with the melting and filling unit and are used for providing inert gas for the melting and filling unit and adjusting the pressure in the melting and filling unit; the filtering unit is positioned at the lower part of the melting and filling unit and is fixedly connected with the melting and filling unit and used for filtering impurities in the lead-bismuth alloy coolant; the melting and filling unit comprises a lead-bismuth alloy melting tank (8), an injection tank (11) and an electric heating element, wherein the electric heating element is arranged at the bottom of the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank (8) and is used for heating and melting the lead-bismuth alloy blocks (1); the injection tank (11) is positioned below the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank (8) and is used for accommodating the liquid lead-bismuth alloy after the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank (8) melts and filters.
2. A lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lead bismuth alloy melting tank (8) comprises a preheating section and a heating melting section, the preheating section is positioned above the heating melting section, and the preheating section is in through connection with the heating melting section; the preheating section is used for storing and preheating the solid lead bismuth alloy block (1), and the heating and melting section is a high-power heating section and is used for melting the lead bismuth alloy block (1).
3. A lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the lead bismuth alloy melting tank (8) has a structure in which the diameter of the tank body gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the volume of the heating melting section is smaller than that of the preheating section.
4. A lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of baffle structures (10) are arranged in the preheating section of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank (8), and the baffle structures (10) are fixedly connected in the preheating section of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank (8) for prolonging the storage time of the lead bismuth alloy blocks (1) in the preheating section.
5. A lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lead bismuth transport unit comprises a lead bismuth block conveyor belt (2), the lead bismuth block conveyor belt (2) being located above the lead bismuth alloy melting tank (8) for conveying the lead bismuth alloy blocks (1) to be melted and filled into the lead bismuth alloy melting tank (8).
6. The lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device according to claim 1, wherein the gas control unit comprises an air inlet pipe (3) and an air outlet pipe (9), the air inlet pipe (3) and the air outlet pipe (9) are positioned at two sides of a preheating section of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank (8), and the air inlet pipe (3) and the air outlet pipe (9) are all in through connection with the lead bismuth alloy melting tank (8).
7. A lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the inlet pipe (3) is provided at a lower position than the outlet pipe (9).
8. A lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling apparatus as claimed in claim 6 wherein the inert gas is nitrogen.
9. A lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the filter unit comprises a tertiary filter layer (4), a secondary filter layer (5) and a primary filter layer (6); the first-stage filter layer (6) is positioned at the middle lower part of the inner side of the heating melting section of the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank (8), and the first-stage filter layer (6) is fixedly connected with the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank (8); the secondary filter layer (5) is positioned at the bottom of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank (8), and the secondary filter layer (5) is fixedly connected with the lead bismuth alloy melting tank (8); the tertiary filter layer (4) is positioned at the coolant outlet of the injection tank (11) and sleeved on the lead bismuth alloy melting tank (8), and the tertiary filter layer (4) is fixedly connected with the injection tank (11) and the lead bismuth alloy melting tank (8) respectively.
10. A lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the primary filter layer (6) is used for filtering large unmelted lead bismuth alloy blocks (1) and large blocks of impurities, and the filter screen pore size is in the range of 3mm-10mm.
11. A lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the secondary filter layer (5) is used for filtering larger oxide impurities in liquid lead bismuth, and the filter screen pore size is in the range of 0.5mm-2mm.
12. A lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the three-stage filter layer (4) is used for filtering fine-sized oxide particles and impurities in the liquid lead bismuth coolant filled in the tank (11), and the filter screen pore diameter is in the range of 100 μm to 500 μm.
13. A lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the material of the primary filter layer 6 and the secondary filter layer (5) is structural stainless steel which is the same as the structural material of the lead bismuth alloy melting tank (8).
14. A lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the material of the tertiary filter layer (4) is high temperature glass fiber, graphite fiber.
15. A lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling method employing a lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant filling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step 1, transmitting a lead bismuth alloy block (1) to a melting and filling unit through a lead bismuth transportation unit;
step 2, inert gas is provided for the melting and filling unit through the gas control unit, and the pressure in the melting and filling unit is regulated;
step 3, melting the lead-bismuth alloy block (1) into liquid lead-bismuth alloy through a melting and filling unit;
step 4, filtering impurities in the lead-bismuth alloy coolant through a filtering unit;
and 5, injecting a lead-bismuth alloy coolant into the reactor loop.
16. The method for filling lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant as claimed in claim 15, wherein the step 1 is specifically: the lead bismuth alloy blocks (1) to be melted and filled are arranged on a lead bismuth block conveying belt (2) and conveyed into a lead bismuth alloy melting tank (8) of a melting and filling unit through the lead bismuth block conveying belt (2).
17. The method for filling lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant as claimed in claim 15, wherein the step 2 specifically comprises: an air inlet pipe (3) of the air control unit is used for providing inert gas nitrogen for a lead-bismuth alloy melting tank (8) of the melting and filling unit; the pressure in the lead bismuth alloy melting tank (8) of the melting filling unit is regulated by regulating the gas flow in the gas inlet pipe (3) and the gas outlet pipe (9) of the gas control unit.
18. The method for filling lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant as claimed in claim 15, wherein the step 3 is specifically: the lead-bismuth alloy block (1) in the lead-bismuth alloy melting tank (8) is heated and melted by an electric heating element in the melting and filling unit, and the lead-bismuth alloy block (1) is melted into liquid lead-bismuth alloy.
19. The method for filling lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant as claimed in claim 15, wherein the step 4 is specifically: large unmelted lead-bismuth alloy blocks (1) and large impurities are filtered by a first-level filter layer (6); filtering larger oxide impurities in the liquid lead bismuth through a secondary filtering layer (5); fine-sized oxide particles and impurities in the liquid lead bismuth coolant injected into the tank (11) are filtered by the three-stage filter layer (4).
20. The method for filling lead bismuth alloy reactor coolant as claimed in claim 15, wherein the step 5 is specifically: the pressure head is provided by the height difference in a lead bismuth alloy melting tank (8) of the melting and filling unit and the gas control unit, and the lead bismuth alloy coolant enters the reactor loop after passing through a three-stage filter layer (4), a two-stage filter layer (5) and a first-stage filter layer (6) of the filter unit.
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