CN113674068A - House renting method and system based on block chain - Google Patents
House renting method and system based on block chain Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a house leasing method and a house leasing system based on a block chain, wherein the method comprises the following steps: releasing room source information to be rented in a block chain through a room source intelligent contract; generating a leasing contract intelligent contract; generating a cost locking intelligent contract of the landlord and the tenant; periodically calculating the leasing cost through a leasing contract intelligent contract; forming a leasing payment channel in a block chain through intelligent contracts for the landlors and the tenants, and paying the leasing fee in the leasing payment channel through multi-signature transaction; when the lease is finished, the intelligent contract is locked by the landlord or the tenant to close the lease payment channel and return the locking fund; the system comprises an intelligent contract module, a room source issuing module, a fee calculating module, a channel creating module, an automatic payment module, a channel closing module and a block chain information platform. The invention can effectively reduce the leasing cost and improve the safety, the reasonability and the accuracy of the leasing process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a house leasing method and system based on a block chain, and belongs to the technical field of house leasing.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China, house leasing has become a wide market. At present, house renting modes mainly comprise: the method comprises the following steps that a landlord individual directly rents, rents of off-line intermediate store and on-line renting software rents, and a tenant and the landlord sign a renting contract after determining the renting details; the house rental fee is usually paid by: the renter pays a certain amount of deposit and several months of house rents in advance; the living expenses such as water and electricity generated in the leasing process are collected by the landlord or the intermediary mechanism to the tenant according to a monthly account book, or the tenant pays the fees by himself, and after the leasing is finished, the landlord returns a deposit to the tenant according to the situation. The brokerage organization typically charges a certain percentage of the brokerage fee throughout the rental process.
The existing house leasing process has the following problems: 1. the leasing contract lacks standardization, extra transaction cost is easily caused, according to investigation, only few people can sign the leasing contract according to a contract standard book drawn by a local government or a related organization completely in the actual leasing process, over 50% of leasing parties can adopt a form of signing the contract privately, even people can sign the contract orally, most of irregular contracts lack transaction details and responsibility attribution, once the leasing parties have dispute, evidence obtaining is difficult, and the transaction cost is increased objectively; 2. the credit of the intermediary organization is difficult to guarantee, the fraudulent conduct is frequent, the charging is unreasonable, the admission threshold of the house leasing intermediary organization is low, and the quality of the employees is uneven, so that the house leasing intermediary organization usually excessively pursues profits and vicious competition, and even the intermediary organization uses the leasing information asymmetrically to charge high intermediary fees and even to perform fraud; 3. the existing lease expense payment mode requires a tenant to pay the house in advance and rent the house to an intermediary organization or a landlord, the prepayment mode easily causes the situation that the payment details are not transparent and multiple charges are likely to occur, the prepayment and deposit can cause the tenant to be in a weak position, the rights and interests of the tenant are easily infringed, the landlord or the intermediary often withholds the deposit, temporarily transfers the deposit and the like in the lease process, and the maintenance cost of the tenant is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a house leasing method and a house leasing system based on a block chain, aiming at the problems of unnormality, inequality and insecurity of house leasing in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical means:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a house leasing method based on a block chain, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a house source intelligent contract;
releasing room source information to be rented in a block chain through a room source intelligent contract;
generating a lease contract intelligent contract according to the house source information to be leased and preset lease parameters;
respectively generating cost locking intelligent contracts of the landlord and the tenant according to the locking funds of the landlord and the tenant;
periodically calculating the leasing cost through a leasing contract intelligent contract;
forming a leasing payment channel in a block chain through intelligent contracts for the landlors and the tenants, and paying the leasing fee in the leasing payment channel through multi-signature transaction;
when the lease is finished, the intelligent contract for locking the fee of the landlord or the tenant closes the lease payment channel and returns the locking fund.
With reference to the first aspect, further, the house source intelligent contract includes a rental house address, a rental house image, home appliance information in a rental house, an intended rental amount, an intended rental time, a contact mode, a house property certificate, and a house east identity card.
With reference to the first aspect, the intelligent contract of the lease contract further includes a lease house address, a lease house image, home appliance information in a lease house, a property certificate, a landlord identity card, a tenant identity card, lease time, a house lease amount, and a life payment account.
In combination with the first aspect, further, the fee-locked intelligent contract includes a contract object, a lock amount, a contract address, a lock period, a settlement function, a close function, and a timeout retrieval function, wherein the contract object is a landlord or a tenant.
With reference to the first aspect, further, the method for periodically calculating the rental fee by using the intelligent contract for rental contract includes:
dividing the lease time into a plurality of lease periods;
calculating the fixed house rent cost of each lease period according to the number of the lease periods and the house rent amount;
inquiring the life energy consumption value in each lease period through a life payment account in the intelligent contract of the lease contract;
calculating the living energy consumption cost of each lease period according to the living energy consumption numerical value;
and summing the living energy consumption cost and the fixed house rental cost to obtain the rental cost of each rental period.
With reference to the first aspect, further, the method for forming the rental payment channel includes:
respectively acquiring contract addresses in the expense locking intelligent contract of the landlord and the tenant;
the landlord and the tenant are set as a payee or a payer in sequence, and the contract addresses corresponding to the landlord and the tenant are used as the address of the payee or the address of the payer in sequence, so that 2 leasing payment channels are formed.
With reference to the first aspect, further, the method for paying the rental fee in the rental payment channel through the multi-signature transaction includes:
creating a payment transaction based on the rental fee, the payment transaction including the amount of the rental fee, the payer address, and the payee address;
sending the payment transaction to the payer address through the lease payment channel to obtain the signature of the payer;
sending the payment transaction containing the payer signature to the payee address through the lease payment channel and storing the payment transaction;
and calling a settlement function in the expense locking intelligent contract according to the payment transaction containing the signature of the payer, changing the locking amount in the expense locking intelligent contract of the payer and the payee, and finishing the lease expense payment.
With reference to the first aspect, further, the method for closing the rental payment channel and returning the locking deposit includes:
obtaining a closing request of a payee in the lease payment channel;
calling a closing function in the fee locking intelligent contract through the closing request, and closing the lease payment channel;
and after the locking period is reached, unlocking the locking fund through an overtime retrieval function in the intelligent contract for locking the fees of the landlord and the tenant, and returning the unlocked locking fund to the contract address.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a house leasing system based on a block chain, including:
the intelligent contract module is used for generating a house source intelligent contract, a lease contract intelligent contract and a cost locking intelligent contract of a landlord and a tenant;
the house source publishing module is used for publishing house source information to be rented in the block chain through the house source intelligent contract;
the fee calculating module is used for periodically calculating the leasing fee through the intelligent contract of the leasing contract;
the channel creating module is used for forming a lease payment channel in the block chain through the intelligent contract for locking the expenses of the landlord and the tenant;
an automatic payment module to pay a rental fee in a rental payment lane through a multi-signature transaction;
the channel closing module is used for closing the lease payment channel and returning a locking fund through the intelligent contract for locking the cost of the landlord or the tenant when the lease is finished;
and the block chain information platform is used for displaying the house source information to be rented and the intelligent contract of the renting contract, inquiring the renting cost and automatically paying the result.
The following advantages can be obtained by adopting the technical means:
the invention provides a house leasing method and a house leasing system based on a block chain, which are used for issuing house source information to be leased to the block chain, so that the accuracy and the non-tampering property of the house source information can be ensured, and the problem that the house source is not true in the traditional house leasing technology is solved; according to the invention, the problem of irregular leasing contract in the traditional house leasing technology is solved through the intelligent leasing contract, and reliable evidence is provided for the follow-up leasing dispute maintenance right; the invention does not need the participation of third parties such as intermediary institutions, and the like, thereby not only saving the lease cost, but also avoiding the fraudulent behavior of the third parties; the invention can automatically calculate and pay the lease fee, reduces the manual operation of both lease parties, and improves the efficiency and transparency of the lease fee payment.
The invention solves the problems of the traditional house leasing technology by utilizing the distributed decentralized characteristics of non-falsification and non-falsification of the block chain, can effectively reduce the leasing cost and improve the safety, the reasonability and the accuracy of the leasing process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of a house leasing method based on a block chain according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a house leasing system based on a block chain according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the accompanying drawings as follows:
the invention provides a house leasing method based on a block chain, which specifically comprises the following steps as shown in figure 1:
step A, acquiring a house source intelligent contract, wherein the house source intelligent contract is automatically generated by an intelligent contract module according to information input by a house owner by using a corresponding template, the house source intelligent contract comprises but is not limited to a rented house address, a rented house image, household appliance information in a rented house, an intention renting amount, intention renting time, a contact mode, a house property certificate and a house owner identity card, and when the house property certificate is not owned, a consignment authorization renting book of a house actual owner is also required to be input.
And step B, releasing room source information to be rented in the block chain through the room source intelligent contract, namely the information included in the room source intelligent contract. In order to avoid false or unreal issued home source information of the room to be rented, the method can send a home source verification request to a monitoring mechanism before issuing the home source intelligent contract, acquire a verification result of the monitoring mechanism, issue the home source intelligent contract into a block chain if the verification is passed, send an address of the home source intelligent contract in the block chain to a landlord, and the landlord can disclose the address into each network platform, so that the renter can conveniently check the address; and if the check fails, feeding back the house source release failure information to the landlord.
And C, generating a lease contract intelligent contract according to the source information of the room to be leased and preset lease parameters.
The renters can see the house source information to be rented through the addresses disclosed by the landlord, the house source information to be rented is connected with the landlord offline to determine the renting details, the renting parameters are input into the system, the intelligent contract module generates intelligent renting contracts according to contract templates meeting the specifications, the intelligent renting contracts mainly comprise renting house addresses, renting house images, household appliance information in renting houses, house property certificates, landlord identity cards, tenant identity cards, renting time, house renting amount and life payment accounts, the renting amount can be monthly renting amount, season renting amount or annual renting amount, and the life payment accounts comprise accounts of charging unit inquiry interfaces of water, electricity, natural gas, broadband and the like.
And the intelligent contract of the leasing contract is signed by both leasing parties and then deployed into the block chain to be used as a certificate for leasing both parties.
And D, in order to carry out subsequent lease payment operation and guarantee the benefits of both leasing parties in the lease process, respectively acquiring the deposit of the landlord and the tenant, wherein the deposit of the landlord is used for compensating the cost of the tenant when the landlord is in the default condition, and the deposit of the tenant is used for compensating the cost of the landlord when the tenant is in the default condition and is used for paying the normal lease cost.
Respectively generating cost locking intelligent contracts of the landlord and the tenant according to the locking funds of the landlord and the tenant, wherein the cost locking intelligent contracts mainly comprise contract objects, locking fund amounts, contract addresses, locking periods, settlement functions, closing functions and overtime retrieval functions; the contract object of the house owner cost locking intelligent contract is a house owner, and the contract object of the tenant cost locking intelligent contract is a tenant; the contract address is the address of the cost lock intelligent contract in the blockchain; the locking period is the date when the amount of the locking fund is locked in the block chain, and in order to avoid that the two parties of the lease take out the locking fund in advance, the locking period needs to be longer than the lease time; the checkout function is used to transfer money during the rental period, the close function is used to close the rental payment channel, and the timeout retrieve function is used to retrieve the lock deposit after the lock expires.
In the invention, the locking amount in the intelligent expense locking contract has two taking-out modes: 1. calling a settlement function to take out, calling the settlement function to provide payment transaction of payer signature, transferring part/all of the locked money amount in the payment party intelligent contract to a payee by the settlement function according to the payment amount in the payment transaction, transferring the rest of the locked money amount as change to the payer, for example, the locked money amount of a tenant is 100 yuan, taking the tenant as the payer and the landlord as the payee in the process of paying lease fee, providing payment transaction of 5 yuan of lease fee amount signed by the payer by the tenant, transferring 5 yuan to the landlord cost locked intelligent contract from the tenant cost locked intelligent contract by the settlement function, and transferring the rest 95 yuan to the tenant as change; 2. calling a timeout retrieval function to fetch, and after the lock expires, the fee-locked intelligent contract may send the amount of the lock deposit left when the lock expires to the contract object by calling the timeout retrieval function.
Step E, periodically calculating the leasing cost through a leasing contract intelligent contract, and specifically operating as follows:
and step E01, dividing the leasing time into a plurality of leasing periods. The time length of the lease period can be selected from one day, one week or one month, and any time length or time node can be set artificially. In order to fully utilize the characteristics of the block chain and the payment channel, ensure the accuracy, high efficiency, fairness and safety of payment and ensure the benefits of landlords and tenants as much as possible, the lease period in the invention is usually selected as one day, and the high-frequency automatic charging and payment are carried out on the expenses generated in the lease time based on the payment channel.
And E02, calculating the fixed house rent cost of each lease period according to the number of the lease periods and the house rent amount.
And E03, inquiring the life energy consumption value in each lease period through the life payment account in the intelligent contract of the lease contract. Real-time domestic energy consumption values such as water consumption, electricity degree and the like can be inquired through the domestic payment account, and the domestic energy consumption value in each lease period can be obtained by combining the numerical value inquired last time.
And E04, calculating the energy consumption cost of each lease period according to the energy consumption value. Although the front sub-life payment account will pay once every month or every two months, the rental period in the present invention may be smaller or larger than the default period of the life payment account, so the corresponding life energy consumption cost needs to be calculated according to the actual rental period. If the two leasing parties agree that the living energy consumption cost is transferred to the landlord by the tenant, then the landlord pays in a unified way, the living energy consumption cost needs to be calculated into the leasing cost, and if the two leasing parties agree that the living energy consumption cost is paid by the tenant, the invention can transfer the living energy consumption cost to the corresponding living payment account.
And E05, summing the living energy consumption cost and the fixed house rental cost to obtain the rental cost of each rental period. The invention can also calculate the total lease fee from the beginning of the lease to the present in the current lease period.
And F, forming a lease payment channel in the block chain through the intelligent contract for locking the fees of the landlord and the tenant, and paying the lease fee in the lease payment channel through multi-signature transaction.
In the embodiment of the invention, the micro payment channel can be used as a lease payment channel to pay the lease fee, and the method for forming the lease payment channel comprises the following steps:
step F01, acquiring the contract addresses in the intelligent contract for the landlord and the tenant respectively.
Step F02, the landlord and the tenant are set as the payee or payer in turn, the contract addresses corresponding to the landlord and the tenant are used as the payee address or the payer address in turn to form 2 leasing payment channels, wherein the payer of one leasing payment channel is the tenant, the payee is the landlord, the payer address is the contract address in the expense locking intelligent contract of the tenant, the payee address is the contract address in the expense locking intelligent contract of the landlord, and the leasing payment channel is mainly used for normal expense payment during leasing; the payer of the other leasing payment channel is a landlord, and the payee is a tenant.
In an embodiment of the invention, the method for paying the rental fee in the rental payment channel through the multi-signature transaction comprises the following steps:
step F03, create a payment transaction based on the rental fee, the payment transaction mainly including the amount of the rental fee (the rental fee in one rental period, the total rental fee from the start of the rental to the present), the payer address and the payee address. Typically, the payer in the payment transaction is a tenant and the payee is the landlord.
Step F04, send the payment transaction to the payer address via the rental payment channel, get the payer signature.
Step F05, sending the payment transaction containing the payer signature to the payee address through the lease payment channel and storing the payment transaction, wherein the payee can verify the payment transaction containing the payer signature, and the verification content comprises: 1. whether the payee address in the payment transaction is correct; 2. whether the amount of the rental fee in the payment transaction is correct; 3. whether the amount of the lease charge in the payment transaction exceeds the amount of the locking fund in the payer address; 4. whether the payer signature is valid.
Step F06, according to the payment transaction containing the signature of the payer, a settlement function in the expense locking intelligent contract is called, the locking amount in the expense locking intelligent contract of the payer and the payee is changed, the lease expense amount in the payment transaction is transferred to the payee from the locking amount in the expense locking intelligent contract of the payer by using the settlement function, and then the remaining locking amount in the expense locking intelligent contract of the payer is transferred back to the payer as change, so as to complete the lease expense payment.
And G, when the leasing is finished, locking an intelligent contract through the expenses of the landlord or the tenant to close a leasing payment channel and return a locking fund, wherein the specific operation is as follows:
and step G01, obtaining a closing request of the payee in the lease payment channel. In the invention, in order to avoid the malicious closing of the rental payment channels by the payer, all the rental payment channels are only allowed to be closed by the payee, namely, only the payee can send a closing request.
And G02, calling a closing function in the fee locking intelligent contract of the payee through the closing request, and closing the lease payment channel. The lease payment channel can be closed after payment of each payment transaction is completed, then is re-created when payment is needed next time, and can be closed again after the lease is finished.
And G03, after the locking period is reached, unlocking the locking fund through an overtime retrieval function in the intelligent contract for locking the fees of the landlord and the tenant, and returning the unlocked locking fund to the contract address, namely to the landlord or the tenant.
During the actual rental, the end of the rental may be accompanied by two cases: no disputes occurred and no disputes occurred. And when no dispute occurs, paying the lease fee by the tenant according to a normal flow, returning the residual locked money of the tenant to the tenant after the locking period expires, and returning all the locked money of the landlord to the landlord. When a dispute occurs, two payment transactions can be established according to information input into the system after negotiation of two leasing parties, one payment transaction is from a tenant and used for normally paying lease fees or indemnification fees, and the other payment transaction is from a landlord and used for transferring part of locking money of the landlord to the tenant as indemnification; if the agreement cannot be achieved under the leasing double-party line, the block chain can lock the cost locking intelligent contract of the landlord and the tenant, the unlocking locking fund is not allowed, and the monitoring mechanism sends an arbitration request and provides information such as the leasing contract intelligent contract in the block chain as evidence.
In order to cooperate with the method of the invention, the invention also provides a house leasing system based on the block chain, which mainly comprises an intelligent contract module, a house source issuing module, a fee calculating module, a channel creating module, an automatic payment module, a channel closing module and a block chain information platform as shown in figure 2.
The intelligent contract module utilizes the block chain script language to compile corresponding intelligent contracts, and is mainly used for generating intelligent contracts of house resources, intelligent contracts of lease contracts and intelligent contracts of fee locking of landlords and tenants.
The house source publishing module is mainly used for publishing house source information to be rented in the block chain through the house source intelligent contract so as to ensure the accuracy of the house source information to be rented.
The fee calculating module is used for periodically calculating the leasing fee through the intelligent contract of the leasing contract, and the specific operation of the fee calculating module is consistent with the step E of the method.
The channel creating module is mainly used for forming a lease payment channel in the block chain through the intelligent contract for the cost locking of the landlord and the tenant, and the specific operation of the channel creating module is consistent with the steps F01-F02 of the method.
The automatic payment module is mainly used for paying the rental fee in the rental payment channel through multi-signature transaction, and the specific operation steps of the automatic payment module are consistent with the steps F03-F06 of the method.
And the channel closing module is mainly used for closing the rental payment channel and returning the locking deposit through the intelligent contract for locking the cost of the landlord or the tenant when the rental is finished, and the specific operation of the channel closing module is consistent with the step G of the invention.
The block chain information platform is mainly used for displaying room source information to be leased and intelligent contract leasing contracts, and inquiring leasing cost and automatic payment results.
The invention solves the problems of the traditional house leasing technology by utilizing the distributed decentralized characteristics of non-falsification and non-falsification of the block chain, can effectively reduce the leasing cost and improve the safety, the reasonability and the accuracy of the leasing process.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A house leasing method based on a block chain is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a house source intelligent contract;
releasing room source information to be rented in a block chain through a room source intelligent contract;
generating a lease contract intelligent contract according to the house source information to be leased and preset lease parameters;
respectively generating cost locking intelligent contracts of the landlord and the tenant according to the locking funds of the landlord and the tenant;
periodically calculating the leasing cost through a leasing contract intelligent contract;
forming a leasing payment channel in a block chain through intelligent contracts for the landlors and the tenants, and paying the leasing fee in the leasing payment channel through multi-signature transaction;
when the lease is finished, the intelligent contract for locking the fee of the landlord or the tenant closes the lease payment channel and returns the locking fund.
2. The house renting method based on the block chain as claimed in claim 1, wherein the house source intelligent contract comprises a rented house address, a rented house image, home appliance information in a rented house, an intended rent amount, an intended rent time, a contact way, a house property card and an landlord identity card.
3. The house renting method based on the block chain as claimed in claim 1, wherein the intelligent contract of the renting contract comprises renting house addresses, renting house images, home appliance information in renting houses, house property cards, house owner identity cards, tenant identity cards, renting time, house renting amount and life payment account.
4. The method of block chain based house renting of claim 1, wherein the intelligent charge-locked contract comprises a contract object, a lock sum, a contract address, a lock period, a settlement function, a closing function and a timeout retrieving function, wherein the contract object is a landlord or a tenant.
5. The method for renting houses based on block chains as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method for periodically calculating the renting cost through intelligent contracts of the renting contracts is as follows:
dividing the lease time into a plurality of lease periods;
calculating the fixed house rent cost of each lease period according to the number of the lease periods and the house rent amount;
inquiring the life energy consumption value in each lease period through a life payment account in the intelligent contract of the lease contract;
calculating the living energy consumption cost of each lease period according to the living energy consumption numerical value;
and summing the living energy consumption cost and the fixed house rental cost to obtain the rental cost of each rental period.
6. The house renting method based on the block chain as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method for forming the renting payment channel is as follows:
respectively acquiring contract addresses in the expense locking intelligent contract of the landlord and the tenant;
the landlord and the tenant are set as a payee or a payer in sequence, and the contract addresses corresponding to the landlord and the tenant are used as the address of the payee or the address of the payer in sequence, so that 2 leasing payment channels are formed.
7. The method for renting houses based on block chains as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method for paying the rental fee in the rental payment channel through the multi-signature transaction is as follows:
creating a payment transaction based on the rental fee, the payment transaction including the amount of the rental fee, the payer address, and the payee address;
sending the payment transaction to the payer address through the lease payment channel to obtain the signature of the payer;
sending the payment transaction containing the payer signature to the payee address through the lease payment channel and storing the payment transaction;
and calling a settlement function in the expense locking intelligent contract according to the payment transaction containing the signature of the payer, changing the locking amount in the expense locking intelligent contract of the payer and the payee, and finishing the lease expense payment.
8. The house renting method based on the block chain as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method for closing the renting payment channel and returning the locking fund is as follows:
obtaining a closing request of a payee in the lease payment channel;
calling a closing function in the fee locking intelligent contract through the closing request, and closing the lease payment channel;
and after the locking period is reached, unlocking the locking fund through an overtime retrieval function in the intelligent contract for locking the fees of the landlord and the tenant, and returning the unlocked locking fund to the contract address.
9. A house renting system based on a block chain is characterized by comprising:
the intelligent contract module is used for generating a house source intelligent contract, a lease contract intelligent contract and a cost locking intelligent contract of a landlord and a tenant;
the house source publishing module is used for publishing house source information to be rented in the block chain through the house source intelligent contract;
the fee calculating module is used for periodically calculating the leasing fee through the intelligent contract of the leasing contract;
the channel creating module is used for forming a lease payment channel in the block chain through the intelligent contract for locking the expenses of the landlord and the tenant;
an automatic payment module to pay a rental fee in a rental payment lane through a multi-signature transaction;
the channel closing module is used for closing the lease payment channel and returning a locking fund through the intelligent contract for locking the cost of the landlord or the tenant when the lease is finished;
and the block chain information platform is used for displaying the house source information to be rented and the intelligent contract of the renting contract, inquiring the renting cost and automatically paying the result.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111055156.6A CN113674068A (en) | 2021-09-09 | 2021-09-09 | House renting method and system based on block chain |
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| CN115375396A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-22 | 深圳市沃享科技有限公司 | Intelligent rent management method, electronic equipment and readable storage medium |
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